A
sannup n • [Algonquian; Narraganset sannop, Abnaki senanbe a married male member of the community]
abuse; abusively
fart n a • generalized term of abuse, esp for a man
four-flusher n • often used as a vague term of abuse
red-neck n 5 • orig applied abusively to..members and supporters of the National Miners’ Union
sapsucker n 4 • Used as a term of abuse for a person
snipe n 7 • Used as a term of abuse
trifling adj 1 • used as a vague term of abuse
turd beetle n • also used as a term of abuse
ploye n • [Canadian (esp Acadian) Fr]
affected (See also hyperurbanism)
ask v A1c (pronc) • occas considered an affected pronc
aunt n A1 (pronc) • sometimes considered affected, esp when overcorrected to [ɔnt]
either adj, adv, pron, conj • often considered affected
affection; affectionate(ly)
bubeleh n • affectionate form of address
bugger n1 B2 • freq used affectionately
bumps n2 • used as an affectionate form of address
cack n1 • [..cf other derog terms applied affectionately to children..]
chickie n 3 • used as an affectionate term of address
codger n 1 • often derog, sometimes affectionate
critter n B3 • affectionate
chickie n 3 • used as an affectionate term of address
darky n 1 • formerly often considered neutral or affectionate; now usu considered offensive
duffer n • used with a wide range of connotations from derog to affectionate
dupa n • also used as an affectionate term for a person
fart n b • a term of affection
galoot n • usu derog, occas affectionate
home boy n 1 • affectionate or derog
hunks n 1 • somewhat old-fash; occas affectionate
little old adj phr • Used to express disparagement, familiarity, or affection
lollipop n 2 • also used as an affectionate nickname
nigger n1 B1c • Used in a relatively neutral or affectionate sense by White speakers
peanut n 3 • sometimes used as an affectionate term for a small child
poot n 2 • a..sometimes affectionate term for a person
shitepoke n B5 • used affectionately
skeester n • often used as an affectionate term for a child
skeezicks n • ..usu used affectionately of a child
tick n1 4 • Used as a derog, or rarely affectionate, term for a person
toot n1 1 • used derogatorily or affectionately of a person
Africa; African (See also African, Central; Africa(n), West)
all both pron • [Perh an African calque..]
all two adj, pron, conj • [..prob an African calque..]
biddy n3 • [Prob coalescence of biddy n1 and beedie of Afr origin..]
bim adv • [..perh of Afr origin]
bloodynoun n • [..perh of Afr orig]
boo boo n1 • [Prob from an Afr word (cf Fon bũbũ insect)..]
broadus n • [..from Port barata bargain, a loanword into Afr pidgins or creoles..]
bungo n • [AmSpan bongo, prob from an Afr language]
crack one’s teeth v phr • [Afr calque..]
cudjoe-wood n • [Cudjoe African day-name for a male born on Monday + wood]
cunner n2 • [Perh by coalescence of canoe, ult from Arawak, with Gullah ˈ kunu, ult Afr..]
cush n1 • [Of Afr orig, ult from Arabic..]
cut-eye n, v • [..prob loan transl of an Afr idiom..]
for prep B2 • [..prob been infl by one or more African languages..]
fuh v • [Prob Afr..; cf DJE fi particle introd infin3 2]
goober n1 • [Of Afr origin..]
goofer n • [Of Afr origin]
gris-gris n • [Fr creole, ult of Afr orig]
gumbo n • [LaFr, of African origin..]
joog v • [Prob of Afr origin (cf DJE juk, DBE jook)..]
juba n • [Perh Afr; cf DJE Juba..]
magofer n • [..perh of Afr or AmInd origin..]
mojo n • [Of Afr origin..]
ofay n • [..African sources have been proposed.., but the lack of early attestations weakens the hypothesis..]
Sambo n1 • [From a personal name of Afr origin..]
suck one's teeth v phr • vocal “gesture”..in Black cultures in Africa, the Caribbean, and the US
sweet-mouth v • [Prob of Afr origin]
swonger adj • [Of Afr origin..]
swonger v • [Of Afr origin..]
titty n1 • [..for possible Afr lang analogues cf DBE]
tote v • [Perh of Afr orig..]
wanga n • [Haitian Creole, ult of Afr orig]
cooter n • [Afr, akin to Bambara, Malinké kuta turtle; also Central Afr nkudu..]
banjo n • [Intro from W Africa in var forms prob ult < Port banza guitar]
be v B8b • by substrate infl from W Afr languages
day clean n • [Prob transl of a West African expression..]
duppy n • [Bube (a Bantu language of West Afr) dupe ghost..]
foo-foo n1 • [Of West African origin, rel to Ewe fu1fu1..and Fon fufu..]
hoodoo n • [W Afr..]
John Canoe n • [Folk-etym from W Afr source..]
ki intj • [W Afr..]
nyam v • [Of W Afr origin..]
pickaninny n • [W Afr and W Indian Creoles, of Span or Port origin; OED2 1657 ➝]
poor joe n2 • [Prob of West Afr origin.., affected..by folk- etym..]
poppy show n • [..widespread in Caribbean and W Afr creoles..]
say conj • [From any of several W Afr languages;..cf DBE say, DJE se]
una pron • [W Afr; cf Igbo unu you (pl); cf also DJE unu, DBE ona]
voodoo n • [LaFr voudou of W Afr origin; cf Ewe, Fon vodu spirit, demon]
butt-head n • chiefly S Atl, AL (MAP)
Cajun n1 3 • AL
dog fly n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl, AL (MAP)
fiddle worm n • AL
flip n1 1 • Midl, Sth, esp AL
garage apartment n • scattered, but esp TX, AL, SC
gooselock v • esp AL
guinea squat n • esp AL, FL, GA
key n 3 • chiefly S Atl, AL (MAP and Map Section)
Lane cake n • Sth, esp AL, GA
marionette n • esp LA, AL
mellow bug n • esp GA, AL
mourning dove n 2 • chiefly AL, FL
nigger killer n 1 • chiefly S Atl, AL
pullet bone n • esp AL, GA
river shrimp n • LA, MS, AL
rusty lizard n • AL, AR, GA, LA, TX
sleeper n 3 • esp AL
slop worm n • esp GA, AL
speck-back (tick) n • AL, AR, LA, TX
swale n 2 • FL, AL
tickbird n 1 • chiefly AL, GA
twistification n • sAppalachians, GA, AL
velvet-tail n 1 • esp Cent; also AL
weather house n • SC, GA, AL
white meat n • chiefly Sth, esp AL
wildcat adj • chiefly S Midl, AL, OK (MAP)
Yankee dime n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp AL (MAP)
ahkio n • AK
Arctic trout n • AK
arctic wine n • AK
arm pull n • AK
babiche n • Nth, esp AK
banana belt n • NW, esp AK
banya n • AK
barabara n • AK
bidar n • AK
bingle n • chiefly AK
bird bill n 1 • chiefly NW and AK
break-up n 1 • AK
burn n2 • AK
bush n1 B1b • Nth, esp AK
cache n • AK
catch v B11 • AK
cheechako n • AK, Pacific NW
chy n • AK
dog box n • AK
dog derby n • AK
dog driver n 1 • AK
dog driving n • AK
dog moccasin n • AK
dog musher n • AK
dog mushing n • AK
dog pot n • AK
dog punch v phr • esp AK
dog salmon n • NW, AK
Dolly Varden n 1 • chiefly NW, AK
down below adv phr 1b • AK
dry fish n • AK
ear weight contest n • AK
Eskimo ice cream n • AK
Eskimo potato n • AK
Eskimo yo-yo n • AK
fish burner n • AK
fish camp n 1 • chiefly AK
fish pirate n • AK
fish wheel n • Pacific NW, AK
float house n • NW, AK
freeze-up n • chiefly AK
grass widow n 3 • chiefly AK, Pacific NW
ground cedar n 2 • chiefly NEast, Pacific NW, AK
hiyu adj • esp AK, NW
hoochinoo n • chiefly AK
hooligan n • AK
ice bridge n • AK
ice worm n • AK
icta n • Pacific NW, AK
Indian celery n • AK
Indian rhubarb n 2 • AK
Indian rice n 3 • Pacific NW, AK
inside adv 2 • AK
inside n • AK
Irish lord n • esp AK
iron chink n • AK, WA
iron dog n 2 • AK
Kamchatka lily n • AK
kamleika n • AK
kelpfish n a • AK
king crab n 2 • chiefly AK
king salmon n • Pacific, AK
klootchman n • chiefly Pacific NW, AK
kneel jump n • AK
kokanee (salmon) n • West, esp AK, NW, Rocky Mts
lace flower n 2 • Pacific NW, AK
lagoonberry n • AK
land otter n • esp AK, Pacific NW
lay n1 2b • AK
layman n • AK
line cabin n • AK
lingonberry n • chiefly AK
little redfish n • NW, AK
lowbush cranberry n • chiefly AK
lower adj 2 • chiefly AK
lush n • chiefly AK
mackerel n 2 • AK
makoola n • AK
marsh felwort n • chiefly AK
mashu n • AK
moroshka n • AK
mossberry n 2 • AK
moss heather n • chiefly AK
mountain hare n • West, AK
mountain heath n 1 • chiefly West, AK
mountain heather n 2 • chiefly West, AK
mountain heather n 3 • AK
mountain juniper n • chiefly West, AK
mountain marigold n 1 • AK
mouse nut n • AK
muck-a-muck n 1 • chiefly NW, AK
mud shark n • nwAK
mug-up n • scattered, but esp N Atl, Upper Missip Valley, AK
mukluk n 1 • chiefly AK
mukluk telegraph n • chiefly AK
muktuk n • AK
mush n3 • AK
mush v2 • chiefly AK
musher n • chiefly AK
muskeg n • chiefly AK, MN
nagoonberry n • AK
neck v 2 • AK
needlefish n 3 • AK
needlefish n 4 • AK
niggerhead n 2 • scattered, but esp AK
nushnik n • AK
oogruk n • AK
out adv B1 • West, esp AK
outside adv • esp AK
outside n 1 • AK
panguingue n • AK, NW, CA
parka n (pronc) • chiefly AK |ˈpɑrki|
parka squirrel n • AK
petrushki n • swAK
pickerel n 2a • chiefly Gt Lakes, AK
pink daisy n • AK
pink salmon n • chiefly AK
pirok n • AK
pogy n 6 • AK
poke n1 1b(2) • N Atl, AK
pollack n1 2 • esp AK
poque n • AK
potlatch n • chiefly Pacific NW, AK
potlatch v • Pacific NW, AK
puchki n • AK
pulka n • AK
pup n • AK
pupmobile n • AK
redberry n k • wAK
redfish n b • chiefly AK, ME
red salmon n • chiefly AK
red snapper n 2 • AK, Pacific
rock ptarmigan n • chiefly AK
salmonberry n c • chiefly AK
salmon trout n 1d • West, esp AK
sarana n • AK
sheefish n • AK
Siwash n 1 • chiefly NW, AK
siwash v 1 • AK
Siwash camp n • AK
Siwash dog n • AK
Siwash harness n • AK
skijoring n • Nth, esp AK, NEast
skookum adj • chiefly NW, AK
skookum chuck n • chiefly NW, AK
skookum house n • chiefly NW, AK
smaller states n pl • AK
snipe v 2 • chiefly AK, CA
sno-go n, v • chiefly AK
snowmachine n, v • formerly widespread, now esp AK
soapberry n 2 • chiefly AK
sockeye salmon n • esp AK
sourdough n 2 • chiefly NW, AK
spruce chicken n • AK
spruce hen n • esp MI, AK (MAP)
squaw candyn • chiefly AK
squaw man n • esp NW, AK
States, the n • AK
strip fishing n • esp AK
swamp blueberry n b • AK, West
taku n • seAK
tank-stove n • AK
tanner crab n • AK
termination dust n • AK
tundra rose n • AK
tyee salmon n • esp WA, AK
ulu n2 • AK
wanigan n 1 • chiefly ME, Gt Lakes; also AK
wanigan n 6 • chiefly AK
wanigan n 7 • AK
washateria n 2 • AK
white sock(s) n • AK
wild celery n 1a • AK
wild hyacinth n 3 • NEng, AK
wild potato n 2c • AK
wild redtop n 3 • chiefly AK
wild snapdragon n 2 • esp AK
williwaw n • chiefly AK
willow grouse n 1 • chiefly AK
wineberry n 2 • AK
wolf scarer n • AK
ackempucky n • [Prob Algonquian..]
atamasco (lily) n • [Amer Ind attamusco prob related to Algonquian misk red..]
babiche n • [CanFr, from Algonquian apapish cord, thread..]
bogan n • [Prob Algonquian]
chinquapin n • [Of Algonquian origin..]
chogset n • [Of Algonquian origin]
coakum n • [Perh from an Algonquian word for “red”..]
cushaw n • [Prob Algonquian]
eatup n • [Algonquian netop close friend..]
hominy n • [Prob from or rel to Algonquian minneash fruit, berry]
killhag n • [Of Algonquian orig..]
kinnikinnick n • [Algonquian..]
kiskitomas n • [Of Algonquian origin..]
kyack n1 • [Prob Algonquian..]
maninose n • [Of Algonquian origin..]
mechameck n • [Prob of Algonquian origin..]
methy n • [Of Algonquian origin..]
moosemise n • [Of Algonquian origin]
moxie n • [Perh < Algonquian base maski- (or var) “medicine”..]
mummichog n • [Of Algonquian orig..]
muskeg n • [CanEngl < Algonquian (Ojibway mashkig, Cree mashkek)]
muskellunge n • [Algonquian..]
musquash n • [Algonquian]
namaycush n • [Algonquian..]
nitchie n • [Algonquian..]
pauhagen n • [Of Algonquian origin]
pecan n • [Algonquian]
pegging awl n • [..perh, if..of Algonquian origin, a folk-etym]
pegmonk n • [..-monk of Algonquian origin (cf Ojibwa..)..]
pekan n • [Algonquian..]
persimmon n • [Of Algonquian origin]
pishaug n • [Of Algonquian origin..]
pocan n • [Algonquian]
pocosin n • [Algonquian]
Podunk n • [..appar from an Algonquian place name..]
poke n3 1 • [Algonquian; cf pocan, puccoon] (MAP)
pokelogan n • [Algonquian]
poke of moonshine n • [..a folk-etym from an unidentified Algonquian word..]
pone n • [Algonquian]
pooquaw n • [From the same Algonquian source as quahog; see quot 1910]
powwow n • [Of Algonquian origin..]
puccoon n • [Algonquian; see quot 1910 at 1 below]
pung n • [Abbr for earlier tom pung, of Algonquian origin..] (MAP)
quahog n • [Algonquian..]
samp n • [Of Algonquian origin; cf Narraganset nasaump “softened by water”]
sannup n • [Algonquian; Narraganset sannop, Abnaki senanbe a married male member of the community]
saskatoon n • [Of Algonquian orig;..DCan 1810 ➝]
seapoose n • [Partial folk-etym of an Algonquian word; cf Delaware sepus..]
supawn n • [Amer Du sapaen boiled corn meal < Algonquian; cf Natick saupaun softened by water]
terrapin n, v • [Algonquian]
torshent n • [Of Algonquian orig..]
torup n • [Prob of Algonquian orig]
tumpline n • [Of Algonquian orig..]
wamp n1 • [Prob of Algonquian orig (cf Narragansett wompi white)..]
wampee n • [..eastern Algonquian langs of NEng and Quebec.)]
wanigan n • [Prob of Algonquian orig..but the precise source has not been determined.]
wapato n • [..perh of Algonquian orig]
wickup n1 • [From an Algonquian lang..]
fallfish n • chiefly east of Allegheny Mts
lick n 8 • chiefly Allegheny Mts
American Dutch See Dutch, American
American French See French, American
American Indian; Indian
alewife n • [..once thought to be derived from an AmInd term..]
appola n • [..occas considered an Indian loan, is prob infl by Span a palo on a stick]
arivipa n • [Prob Arivaipa the San Carlos Indian people]
atamasco (lily) n • [Amer Ind attamusco prob related to Algonquian misk red..]
awendaw n • [Prob AmInd..]
cui-ui n • [AmInd]
dowitch n • [AmInd..]
gopher n1 1a • [Perh abbr for magofer, poss of AmInd origin] (MAP)
magofer n • [..perh of Afr or AmInd origin..]
maque chou(x) n • [LaFr; perh of AmInd origin]
moccasin n 1 • [Appar from moccasin shoe, of AmInd origin..]
ree corn n • [Ree var of Arikara an Amer Ind tribe noted for growing this variety of corn]
scobolotch n • [Appar AmInd]
sieva bean n • [Sewee an Amer Ind tribe that formerly lived along the Santee River in South Carolina]
spoonhunt n • [Prob folk-etym for some AmInd term]
wahoo n1 • [Prob adaptation of one or more AmInd names..]
wampee n • [Prob of AmInd orig,...]
wankapin n • [..a borrowing from an AmInd language of eastern Virginia..]
wickiup n • [In var AmInd langs, e.g., Sac, Fox, and Kickapoo, wikiyap..]
American Portuguese See Portuguese, American
American Spanish See Spanish, American
Amish preaching soup n • PA, OH, and other Amish settlement areas
gay adj 1 • Among Quakers, Amish, and other religious groups
mite v • among Amish
Anglo-Irish See Ireland; Irish
acquaintun ppl adj • Also aphet quaintun
allot v • now usu aphet: see lot v
allow v • often aphet ’low
along adv • Also aphet ’long
along of prep • Also aphet ’long of
aluminum n (pronc) • freq aphet |ˈlumənəm|
amongst (hands of) them pron • Also aphet ’mongst ~
another adj • aphet nother, nothuh, nuder, nuther
appaloosa n1 • also..aphet
appearently adv • aphet ’pearently
appoint v • Also aphet ’pint
arichtocrat n • also aphet richtocrat
asafetida n (pronc) • aphet |ˈfɪdɪti|
asparagus n • [..aphet forms were the earliest in English..]
athwartships (of) adv • Also aphet ’thwartships
avast v • often aphet vast
banana n (pronc) • aphet |ˈnænɚ, ˈnænə|
bang n1 • [Aphet form of shebang]
because conj • aphet forms
before-day n • aphet forms fo’-day, fore-day (MAP)
bide v • [Aphet form of abide]
blige n • [Aphet form of oblige]
boggin n • [Aphet form of toboggan..]
brella n • [Aphet forms of umbrella]
bundance n • [Aphet abundance]
butt v1 • [Aphet]
butting-line n • [Aphet form of abutting + line boundary]
Cajun n1 • [Alter of ’Cadian, aphet form of Acadian..]
catty-cross adv • [Alter of cater- + aphet form of across]
cease v2 • [Aphet form of decease]
'ceitful adj • [Aphet form of deceitful]
’cep(t) v • [Aphet form of accept, except]
chief n2 • [Aphet form of kerchief]
climated adj • [Aphet for acclimated]
coon n1 • [Aphet form of raccoon]
crost adv, prep • [Aphet form of across + excr t]
crute up v phr • [..perh aphet form of recruit]
curious ointment n • [Folk-etym for aphet form of mercurous]
cute adj • [Aphet form of acute]
dobe n • [Aphet forms of adobe]
dress v 6 • [..Perh simply aphet form of address rather than a relic]
elastic (band) n • Aphet forms lastic and, by metath, laskit
enduring adj • Also aphet durin’
enough adj, adv, n (pronc) • freq aphet |nʌf|
excusing prep • freq aphet scusin, skusin
expect v (pronc) • aphet |spɛk(t)| (MAP)
faunce v • [Prob < vaunce, obs aphet var of advance v]
fay n • [Aphet form of ofay]
fen exclam • [Aphet varr of defend forbid, or of defense]
fend v • [Aphet forms of defend]
fess v1 • [Aphet forms of confess]
fess v2 • [Aphet form of profess]
fore prep • [OE fore; now often felt as aphet form of before]
fraid adj • [Aphet form of afraid]
fused ppl adj • [Aphet var of confused]
gage v • [Aphet form of engage]
gal ’bacco n • [gal girl + aphet form of tobacco]
ganser n • [Aphet form of merganser]
gin conj2 • [Scots, nEngl dial; aphet forms of again..]
gin prep • [Scots dial; aphet form of again]
ginner n1 • [Aphet form of beginner..]
havance n2 • [Aphetic form of behave..]
have v3 • [Aphet form of behave]
’havishness n • [Aphet forms of behavishness]
head of prep • [Aphet form of ahead of]
hind prep • [Aphet varr of behind]
hystericky adj • aphet form ’stericky
identical adj • Also aphet ’denticul, dentikul
in under prep phr • Also aphet nunder
jellico weed n • [Aphet forms of angelica]
jester n • [Prob aphet for digester..]
laxed ppl adj • [..perh erron for prolapsed or aphet form of relaxed]
’ligion n • [Aphet forms of religion..]
macadamize v • aphet forms acadami(z)ed, cadamized
macadamy n • Also aphet cadamy
miration n • [Aphet form of admiration]
molasses n (pronc) • freq aphet |ˈlæsɪz, -ɪs|
mosquito n1 (pronc) • aphet |ˈskitɚ|
muda grass n • [Aphet forms of Bermuda grass]
musquash n • Also aphet squash
no-count adj • [Aphet..] (MAP)
noculate v • [Aphet form of inoculate..]
oblige v • aphet bleedged, blee(d)st, bleedzed, bleege(d), bleeze, blidge(d), blige
oblige v (pronc) • aphet |bli|
occasion n, v • Also aphet form ’casion
otie n • [Aphet form of coyote n pronc |̩kaɪˈ(j)oti|]
partment n • [Aphet form of apartment..]
pear v • [ME.. aphet form of aperen to appear..]
perhaps adv • aphet ’haps
persimmon n • Also aphet ’simmern, ’simmon
Piscopal(ian) adj,n • [Aphet forms of Episcopal(ian)]
preserve n • aphet sarve
Rastus n1 • [Aphet form of Erastus]
re- pref • [Prob..a conscious attempt to “correct” a habitual aphet form]
relievo n • aphet lievo
remembrance n • Also aphet ’memb(r)ance, ’membunce
return thanks v phr • Also aphet ’turn thanks
ruction n • [..perh altered aphet form of insurrection]
sage orange n • [Aphet form of Osage orange]
sang n • [Aphet forms of ginseng..]
scorch v2 • [Perh folk-etym from aphet ’scort..]
scovy n • [Aphet forms of muscovy]
seeny n1 • [Aphet form of cassena]
sequia n • [Aphet forms of acequia]
sides adv, prep • [Aphet form of besides..]
'sociate v • [Aphet form of associate]
souvian n • [Aphet for varsouviana var of varsoviana..]
sparagus n • [Aphet forms of asparagus..]
splanify v • [Aphet var of explanify]
'spute v • [Aphet form of dispute..]
squeeze v • Rarely aphet queeze
stemper n • [Aphet forms of distemper]
stroy v, ppl adj • [Aphet forms of destroy(ed)]
struction n • [Aphet forms of construction, destruction]
stuboy exclam, v • [Prob aphet forms of hist-a-boy..]
tautog n • aphet tog
tobacco n A1 (pronc) • aphet |ˈbækə(r), ˈbæko|
tobacco n A2 (pronc) • aphet |ˈbæki|
toboggan n 1 • aphet boggan, boggin
tomato n A4 (pronc) • |ˈmeto, ˈmetə(r)| and other aphet varr
tucket corn n • [Appar aphet form of Nantucket, Massachusetts]
ticular n, adj • [Aphet forms of particular]
umbrella n A4 • [Aphet forms]
venture n B • [Aphet]
fertilize n • [By apocope] (MAP)
fur n2 • [Engl dial; by apoc from furrow]
Port n • [By apocope from Portuguese]
purify n • [By apocope from purifier]
Adam’s off-ox n 1 • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
against conj C1 • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
alleluia n • chiefly sAppalachians
all is adv phr • chiefly NEng, Appalachians
all’s out('s) (come) in free exclam • chiefly west of Appalachian Mts (MAP)
always-ago adv • sAppalachians
always-ago n • sAppalachians
Antony-over n, exclam • chiefly sAppalachians (MAP)
antymire n • chiefly N Atl, C Atl, sAppalachians
asarabacca n • now prob relic in Appalachians or obs
awful adj 2 • sAppalachians
baby buggy n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
backset n 1b • esp Appalachians
backstick n • chiefly sAppalachians, Gulf States (MAP)
bad adj B4 • chiefly Appalachians, esp wNC, eTN
bad disease n • chiefly sAppalachians
baking powders n • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
bald n • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
bardy grease n • sAppalachians
bat v3 • sAppalachians
bayou n B3 • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
be v A2 (pronc) • esp sAppalachians
beal v • chiefly Appalachians
bealed ppl adj • chiefly Appalachians, esp wPA (MAP)
bealing n • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
bean stringing n • chiefly sAppalachians, esp eKY
beer n • chiefly sAppalachians
blowing viper n • chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
boomer n1 1 • chiefly sAppalachians, esp eTN, wNC
boss-man n 1 • chiefly Sth, sAppalachians (MAP)
briggity adj • chiefly sAppalachians
brogue v • chiefly sAppalachians
bubbybush n • sAppalachians
buck n1 2g • scattered west of Appalachians (MAP)
buck n1 3c • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
buckwheat cake n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Appalachians (MAP)
budget n 1 • chiefly Appalachians
bunty n • chiefly Appalachians
bussy n • chiefly sAppalachians
butt n2 • esp sAppalachians
buttercup n 4 • esp sAppalachians
caramel n (pronc) • in Midl, esp west of Appalachians
chance n (pronc) • esp sAppalachians
change v1 • chiefly Sth, sAppalachians (MAP)
check n2 • Appalachians
child-fetching vbl n • sAppalachians
club fist n • esp Appalachians
cold nose n • sAppalachians
contrarious adj • chiefly sAppalachians
coon root n • chiefly sAppalachians
cooter v 1 • chiefly sAppalachians
cottonwood n 1 • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
county site n • chiefly sAppalachians
court v • chiefly sAppalachians
crawdad n 1 • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
cress n • chiefly Appalachians, esp wVA
cuckold v • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
cuckold v (pronc) • chiefly sAppalachians
dew poison n • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
dib n2 • sAppalachians
diddle n2 • chiefly sAppalachians
discomfit v • chiefly sAppalachians
disregardless adj, adv • chiefly sAppalachians
ditch line n • chiefly sAppalachians
divinity n • esp west of Appalachians (MAP)
doctor medicine n • sAppalachians
dog hobble n 1 • chiefly sAppalachians
doney n2 • chiefly sAppalachians
double v 4a • sAppalachians
double and twist v phr 1 • sAppalachians
dough beater n • sAppalachians
down-go n 1 • sAppalachians
draft n1 B1 • chiefly Appalachians
draft n1 B2 • chiefly Appalachians
dram v1 • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
drindle v • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
drop off v phr 1 • esp sAppalachians
dulcimer n • formerly Appalachians, now widely recognized
Dutch lunch n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
easing powder n • sAppalachians
eating table n • chiefly sAppalachians
edzact v • sAppalachians, Ozarks
endurable adj • esp sAppalachians
-es suff1 1a • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
-es suff1 3a • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
ethyl n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP and Map Section)
everly adv • sAppalachians, Ozarks
everwhat pron • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
everwhen conj, adv • sAppalachians, Ozarks
everwhere conj, adv1 • esp sAppalachians
everwhich adj, pron • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
everwho pron • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
fad die exclam • sAppalachians
fall grape n • chiefly sAppalachians
farewell-summer n 1 • chiefly cAppalachians
feist v • sAppalachians
filth n • sAppalachians, esp WV
fire boss n • Appalachians, West
firedog n • scattered, but esp freq sAppalachians, S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
flake n2 • sAppalachians
flannel cake n • chiefly Appalachians (MAP and Map Section)
flicker n4 • sAppalachians
flux n • chiefly sAppalachians, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
foot n C3 • chiefly sAppalachians
foreign adj (pronc) • esp sAppalachians
four-o’clock n 5 • sAppalachians
freeseed n • esp Appalachians (MAP)
galak v • Appalachians
gant-lot n • chiefly Appalachians
gap n1 1 • widespread, but esp Appalachians (MAP)
gaum v1 1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
gaumy adj1 1 • scattered, but esp Appalachians (MAP)
gee-haw whimm(e)y-diddle n • sAppalachians, esp wNC
generation n • chiefly Appalachians
gin conj1 • chiefly Appalachians
give-out n • esp sAppalachians
go out to themselves v phr • Appalachians
gorge n1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Appalachians, Gt Lakes, SW (MAP)
grave rock n • chiefly Appalachians
green v 2 • sAppalachians
green onion n 1 • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP and Map Section)
grist n • esp Appalachians
groundhog n 6 • sAppalachians
groundhog n 7 • sAppalachians
guitar n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
gum n2 3b • chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
gum n2 3c • esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
gum n2 3d • esp Appalachians
gunny sack n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP and Map Section)
hain’t v • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
half-runner bean n • chiefly sAppalachians (MAP)
hand going adv phr • sAppalachians
handily adv • sAppalachians
hantle n • chiefly sAppalachians
happy pappy n • Appalachians
hardness n • chiefly Appalachians
hate n • chiefly Appalachians, Ohio Valley
hateful n • Ozarks, sAppalachians
heap n 2 • esp nAppalachians, CT (MAP)
hear v A2c • Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
hearth rock n • chiefly Appalachians
hearts-a-bustin’-with-love n • chiefly sAppalachians
hell n 1 • esp sAppalachians
hell’s banjer intj • sAppalachians
hillside plow n • chiefly Appalachians, sOH (MAP)
hog rifle n 1 • sAppalachians
hole v1 1 • esp sAppalachians
hollow n1, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
hollow n1 B1a • esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
hollow n1 B4 • sAppalachians
horn n 8b • sAppalachians
horsethrowed past ppl, ppl adj • sAppalachians, Ozarks
house n B1a • sAppalachians, esp KY, TN
house pattern n • sAppalachians
hovel n 1a • esp NEng, sAppalachians
how conj • sAppalachians
hudder n • esp Appalachians (MAP)
hull-gull n • S Midl, esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
hurricane n A2b • chiefly Appalachians, Mid and S Atl
husband-high adj • esp Appalachians, Ozarks
hush v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
in reason adv phr • sAppalachians
ivy n 4 • chiefly Appalachians, sNEng
jag n2 1c • chiefly Midl, esp sAppalachians
jape v • esp sAppalachians
jay v2 • Appalachians
jay grab n • Appalachians
jay hole n • Appalachians
judgmatically adv • sAppalachians
kick v B1 • chiefly sAppalachians, S Atl (MAP)
kick v B2 • scattered, but chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
kindly adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
knob n 1 • widespread, but more freq N Cent, Appalachians (MAP)
knowing n 1 • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
ladle n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
lamp oil n 1 • scattered, but esp Appalachians (MAP)
lap v2 • esp sAppalachians, TX
lashhorn n • Appalachians
lasty adj • chiefly Appalachians, S Midl
laurel n 2 • chiefly Atlantic, Appalachians
laurel n 3 • chiefly sAppalachians, esp NC
lead n 3 • sAppalachians
least adj • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
leather breeches n pl 1 • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
lettuce saxifrage n • chiefly Appalachians
lie out v phr 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians, GA, SC (MAP)
light v2 2 • scattered, but esp S Atl, sAppalachians (MAP)
linguister n • chiefly sAppalachians
list n 2 • chiefly sAppalachians
liver-grown adj • chiefly sAppalachians, PA
loafer v • chiefly sAppalachians (MAP)
main adv • chiefly sAppalachians
man-power v • esp sAppalachians
mason wasp n • chiefly Mid Atl, sAppalachians (MAP)
master adv • chiefly ME, sAppalachians
mattock n • widespread, but more freq Appalachians (MAP)
meadow n (pronc) • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks, occas NEng
Melungeon n • sAppalachians, esp eTN
milk gap n • chiefly sAppalachians
molasses making n • sAppalachians
moldwarp n • esp sAppalachians
mort n • chiefly sAppalachians
mortal adv • esp sAppalachians, NEng
mother, may I n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
mountain balsam n 2 • sAppalachians
mountain boomer n 5 • chiefly sAppalachians
mountaineer n • scattered, but chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
mountain ivy n • chiefly sAppalachians, esp VA
mountain lettuce n • chiefly Appalachians
mow hole n • esp Appalachians, PA, NJ (MAP)
mowing blade n • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians (MAP)
much adj 2 • chiefly sAppalachians
name v • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
nigger baby n 3 • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
nigger pine n 1 • chiefly C and Mid Atl, sAppalachians
October bean n • chiefly sAppalachians, IN (MAP)
of prep Bb • esp Appalachians, Lower Missip Valley, SW (MAP)
offside horse n • scattered, but esp nAppalachians (MAP)
old woman is picking her geese, the phr • esp Appalachians
one more adj phr • sAppalachians
open peach n • chiefly sAppalachians, Mid Atl (MAP)
oxeye daisy n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, sAppalachians
pack v 1 • chiefly West, Missip Valley, sAppalachians (MAP)
pack v 2c • sAppalachians
packsaddle worm n • esp sAppalachians (MAP)
panther n A1 (pronc) • scattered, but more freq Appalachians, Inland Sth (MAP)
pea hulling n • sAppalachians
penitentiary v • sAppalachians
pharaoh n • chiefly sAppalachians
pheasant n 1a • chiefly Midl, esp PA, sAppalachians
pig n1 B15 • esp sAppalachians
Plott hound n • sAppalachians
point-blank adv, adj A3 (pronc) • chiefly sAppalachians, esp eKY
point-blank adv B • S Midl, esp sAppalachians
point-blank adv,adj A2 (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
point-blank adv,adj A4 • chiefly sAppalachians, esp eKY
poke n1 1a • chiefly Midl, esp Appalachians (MAP)
poking stick n • sAppalachians
pone n 3a • chiefly sAppalachians
popskull n • chiefly sAppalachians
pot-tail n • sAppalachians
pounding mill n b • chiefly sAppalachians
powder n B • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Appalachians (MAP)
pretty n C1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
pretty girls’ station n • esp sAppalachians
proffer v • esp sAppalachians
proof vial n • esp sAppalachians
public work n • chiefly sAppalachians
quack grass n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, Appalachians (MAP)
quillwort n 2 • esp Appalachians
rainbird n 1c • chiefly Midl, esp Appalachians (MAP)
rawhide v 6 • sAppalachians
redd v 3c • esp Appalachians
red-neck n 5 • Appalachians
ribey adj • sAppalachians, esp WV
ridy-horse n 1 • chiefly sAppalachians
ridy-horse n 2 • chiefly Sth, sAppalachians
ridy-horse n 3 • esp Sth, sAppalachians
rifle v, n2 • sAppalachians
rifle gun n • now chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
rimption n • chiefly Appalachians
ripshin n • Appalachians
rock cliff n • chiefly sAppalachians
rock house n 1 • Appalachians, Ozarks
rooster n 1 • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
roughness n 1 • Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
ruling day n • sAppalachians
run v B7 • sAppalachians
running go n • sAppalachians
salad pea n • chiefly sAppalachians
sang v1 • esp sAppalachians
sang hoe n • esp sAppalachians
sang-sign n • sAppalachians
sanko v • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
saucer v C • esp sAppalachians
sawmill gravy n • chiefly sAppalachians
scandalous adv B • esp sAppalachians
scenery n B1 • esp sAppalachians
*schottische n • widespread exc Appalachians, Mid and S Atl (MAP)
scout v • sAppalachians
scribe n • esp Appalachians, Ozarks
serenade n • chiefly Appalachians, Atlantic exc sNEng (MAP)
set-along adj • chiefly Appalachians
setback n 2 • chiefly SE, Mid Atl, Appalachians, CT (MAP)
several adj, n, pron C • esp Appalachians, Ozarks
severe adj • chiefly sAppalachians
shagbark hickory n • chiefly NEng, N Cent, sAppalachians (MAP)
shammock v • chiefly sAppalachians
sheep mint n • esp sAppalachians
short dog n • esp sAppalachians
shuck bean n • chiefly sAppalachians
shut-in n • sAppalachians, Ozarks
si-godlin adj, adv • esp Appalachians
si-gogglin adj, adv • esp sAppalachians
singlings n • chiefly sAppalachians
sixty n • esp sAppalachians
skull orchard n • chiefly Appalachians, SE (MAP)
sled ride v phr • esp wPA, eIN, sAppalachians (MAP)
sleight n • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
slow John n • sAppalachians
smolick v • Appalachians
snake n 1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians (MAP)
snub v2 • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
snurl n • S Midl, esp sAppalachians
Snyder's pup n • sAppalachians
sods n pl • Appalachians
soft peach n • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
song-ballad n • sAppalachians, Ozarks (MAP)
sonker n • esp sAppalachians
sourwood n 1 • chiefly sAppalachians
spend v B2 • sAppalachians, Ozarks
spicewood n 1 • now chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
spignet n • scattered, but esp sAppalachians
splunge v, n • Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
sprig n 2 • esp sAppalachians
springhouse n • formerly widespread, now chiefly Midl, Sth, esp Appalachians (MAP)
spud v 1 • chiefly sAppalachians
stack cake n • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
staggerweed n 1 • chiefly sAppalachians, esp wVA
star root n 1 • esp sAppalachians
start v 3 • chiefly sAppalachians
stay-place n • chiefly sAppalachians
steady bee n • esp sAppalachians
stick bait n • sAppalachians
stickweed n • esp sAppalachians
still beer n • chiefly sAppalachians
stinking willie n 2 • esp sAppalachians
stir-off n • chiefly sAppalachians, esp eKY
stog v • sAppalachians
stool n 1 • sAppalachians
store v • esp C Atl, sAppalachians
stout adj 3 • west of Appalachians (MAP)
streaked meat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians (MAP)
stretch n, v (pronc) • esp sAppalachians |stritʃ|
striped snake n 2 • esp sAppalachians
strong v C1 • sAppalachians
stub up v phr • sAppalachians
study v1 3 • esp sAppalachians
studyment n 1 • sAppalachians
stump water n 1b • chiefly Inland Sth, sAppalachians (MAP)
such pron B1 • sAppalachians
sugan n 3 • chiefly sAppalachians
sugar orchard n • chiefly nNEng, sAppalachians (MAP)
sugar water n • chiefly sAppalachians, IN, OH, PA
sugar whiskey n • chiefly sAppalachians
sulter v • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
sun-ball n • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
surround v • chiefly sAppalachians
swarp v • chiefly sAppalachians
swarp n • sAppalachians
swear v C1 • chiefly sAppalachians
swingletree n • chiefly C and S Atl, Appalachians (MAP)
swoo exclam • scattered, but esp PaGer area, sAppalachians
sword n • chiefly sAppalachians swoard; also swode
take v B5 • chiefly Appalachians, esp KY
tale-idle n • esp sAppalachians
Tally n • esp sAppalachians
tangle-gut n 2 • esp sAppalachians
tap hand n • chiefly sAppalachians
ted v • chiefly NEast, N Cent, cAppalachians (MAP)
tedder n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, cAppalachians (MAP)
they-all pron • sAppalachians, Ozarks
they-uns pron • esp sAppalachians
through n 2 • sAppalachians
throw the hatchet v phr • esp sAppalachians
thump barrel n • chiefly sAppalachians
thunder dog n • sAppalachians
tide n • chiefly sAppalachians
time n C3 • sAppalachians
time about adv phr • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
to prep B15 • Gulf States, sAppalachians
tohind prep, adv • esp sAppalachians
tooth jumper n • sAppalachians, Ozarks
top n 1 • sAppalachians
traffic v • esp sAppalachians
tread v 2 • chiefly Ozarks, sAppalachians
tub mill n • esp sAppalachians
turkey mustard n • sAppalachians
turkey-tail v • sAppalachians
tush n A1 (pronc) • chiefly SE, sAppalachians (MAP)
tutor v • esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
twice out of sight adj phr • sAppalachians
twistification n • sAppalachians, GA, AL
twitchet n 1 • chiefly Mid Atl, sAppalachians
unfitten adj • esp sAppalachians
untelling ppl adj 1 • chiefly sAppalachians
up in prep phr • chiefly sAppalachians
upscuddle n • chiefly sAppalachians
wait on the table v phr • sAppalachians
weed n • now chiefly sAppalachians
where pron B • sAppalachians
whimmy-diddle n • chiefly sAppalachians
whistle pig n 1 • chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
white ash n 2 • esp sAppalachians
white-eye v 1 • chiefly sAppalachians, esp eKY
white-eyed adj 1 • chiefly sAppalachians
wild-hog v phr • sAppalachians
wingle v • esp sAppalachians
wire n (pronc) • esp sAppalachians, Delmarva |wɔr|
withouten prep, conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
woman n A2 (pronc) • esp sAppalachians, C Atl
wood hick n • Appalachians
wood pretty n • esp sAppalachians
woolly head n 2 • esp sAppalachians
work-brittle adj 2 • chiefly sAppalachians
worm n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
worm fence n • scattered, but chiefly C Atl, Appalachians (MAP)
yellow patch n • sAppalachians
yon adj, pron, adv, n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
burgoo n • [Perh Arabic burghul cracked wheat]
cush n1 • [Of Afr orig, ult from Arabic..]
wolf grape n • [Calque of Arabic name for a species of Solanum..]
cunner n2 • [Perh by coalescence of canoe, ult from Arawak, with Gullah ˈ kunu, ult Afr..]
archaic; archaism (See also historic; obsolete; old-fashioned)
abear v • old-fash or arch
Abe Lincoln War n • arch or obs
about adv C • arch
abouten prep • arch
abscond v tr • arch
adays adv • arch
admire v A • arch or old-fash
adone intj • arch
alcaldia n • arch or old-fash
alchemy n • arch
almud n • arch
alow and aloft adv phr • arch
a many quasi-n • arch
ambush v • arch
amint n • arch
and conj B1 • arch or old-fash
andiron n • Arch spp anderens, and irons
anights adv • arch or obs
antifogmatic(k) n • arch
artetu n • obs or arch
author n B • arch
back-out n • old-fash or arch
backside n 1 • arch
ball off v phr • arch
batoon n • [batoon, arch var of baton]
be v B5c(1) • old-fash or arch
be v C2c • old-fash or arch
beardy man n • arch
beaver n 2 • arch
bed rug n • arch
belated ppl adj • arch
belike v • arch
belly-shot adj • arch
bibble v • arch
bird’s-egging n • arch
boon n2 • Arch pronc for bone
brief adj1 • arch
brief adj1 2 • arch
broke of one's rest adj • arch
brute beast n • arch
burn v A2 • arch brent
burning fluid n • arch
caboose n1 1 • arch or obs
cad n • arch or old-fash
campoody n • arch
cape merchant n • arch
capsheaf n 2 • arch
Carolina potato n • arch
caulker n • arch
center shot n 1 • arch
cess n • arch
chestnutty adj • arch
chew one’s tobacco v phr 1 • arch
child n B1 • arch
chime n • arch
chirk adj • arch
chokecherry n • Arch spp chockcherry, choackcherry
chokedog n • Arch sp choakdog
chop n1 2 • arch
Christmas box n • arch or obs
Christyde n • arch or obs
circumstance n B1 • arch or old-fash
claggy adj • arch
clash n • arch
clevel n • arch or obs
clever adj 2 • arch
cleverly adv 1 • arch or obs
clew n2 • arch or old-fash
climb v 2c • clomben (arch)
cling v • arch or obs clang, clinged
cluff v • arch
coast, on the adv phr • arch
cod n1 2 • arch
come v B5 • [Survival of arch subjunc constr..]
commissionate v • arch
concern v • Pronc-spp concarn, consarn,..(reflecting archaic or old-fash varr)
conch n 2 • arch
confectionary n 1 • arch
copsil n • arch
cordwinder n • arch
corking-pin n • arch
corrupted ppl adj 1 • arch
cost v B • arch
count v B • arch
crazy adj 1 • arch
critter n B5 • arch
cut-down n 1 • arch
cutty pipe n • arch
daggly adj • arch
dare v A2 • [..archaic past durst..archaic 2nd sg darst..]
desireful adj • arch
dig v1 B2 • arch
digger n 1 • arch
dip toast n • arch
dirt n 1 • arch
do v C1b • arch
do v C3 • This archaic construction survives in mod stdE with the forms had,..
dobber n1 1 • arch
doctor stuff n • arch
dormant window n • arch
dosh n • arch
double sleigh n • Arch spp double slay, ~ sley
drink v B1 • arch
drinky adj • arch
driveway n 1 • arch
driveway n 2 • arch
dun v • arch
dunfish n • arch
east, about adj, adv phr • arch
ebony n 1 • arch
end on adv phr • arch
errand n B • arch
eyeable adj • arch
fainty adj 3 • arch
faith you exclam • arch
familious adj • esp freq among Black speakers; arch
fat n1 1 • arch
feature n • arch
fip n • arch
firefang v • arch
flea v • [Arch and Engl dial varr of flay]
flower-de-luce n • arch
fonda n • arch
forthputting ppl adj • arch
forthputting vbl n • arch
frowy adj1 1 • arch
full chisel adv phr • arch
fuzzled ppl adj • arch
gant adj • [Arch and dial Engl pronc-spp for gaunt..]
gashly adj • arch
gleed n • arch
graip n • arch
grandma’s darning needle n • arch
great n B1 • arch
gunter n • arch
gurgle v 2 • arch
gush n B1 • arch
hang up v phr 2 • arch
hardpan n 2 • arch
hardtack n 2 • arch
hard times n 1 • arch
he pron 6 • arch
help v A2c • arch
hen-hussy n 1 • arch
here adv B1 • arch
hereaway adv • arch
hike v 5 • arch
hinder adj • arch
hinny n • arch
hoddy-doddy n • arch
hog age n • prob arch
hold v A2b • arch
hold v A3b • arch holden
home n, exclam, v, adv • arch sp hom
Hoosier cake n • arch
Hope n • arch
hosen n pl • arch
housell adj • arch
housen n1 2 • arch
howsoever adv • arch
humble adj, v • arch sp ombel
hundred n, adj A4 (pronc) • arch sp hunard
hunkersliding vbl n • arch
husk n B4c • arch
Indian wheat n 1 • arch
into prep B2 • arch
junk bottle n • arch
kahili n • Arch spp kahile, kahiri
kringle n • [Prob primarily < Dan kringle (also.. arch kringel)]
ladies’ twist n • arch
ladrone n • arch
lawks intj • arch
lax n • arch
least conj • [Arch and Scots dial var of lest]
longsome adj • [..perh infl by arch or Brit dial longsome long, tedious]
look v B2 • arch
mislist v • arch
morning, in the adv phr • arch
nation adj • arch
nation adv • arch
nature n B3 • arch
nature n B4 • arch
netop n • arch
nigger n1 • arch spp nager, ne(a)ger, neeger, negar, negur, niegor, niger
nocake n • arch
oldermost adj • arch or obs
parsnip n • Arch sp parsnep
politicianer n • arch
pot n 5 • arch
puccoon n • for arch spp see quots
pumpknot n • [Etym uncert; cf arch pumple pimple and knot n1 2a]
purse n1 • arch |pʌs|
rattleran(d) n • arch
relievo n • [..Ult from arch, chiefly Scots dial relieve to release, rescue]
rise v B2 • arch
Sabbath-day n • arch
shaw n • arch
shitepoke n • [shite arch var of shit + poke bag;..]
sing n • among Black speakers; arch
slowful adj • some currency in 19th cent literary contexts..as a conscious archaism
sog n • arch
some adj • arch
sorry adj • arch spp sorrow, surrow
squail v • arch
squander v • [Arch or dial in Brit Engl; cf ..EDD]
squat v • arch
stancheous adj • [Abbrs for arch Scots dial substantious]
starve v 1 • arch
swankey n 2 • arch
tamale n1 • Arch spp tamaule, tamolly, tomale (MAP)
tarry v • arch
tarve v • arch
tarve n • arch
teeter v • [Varr of arch and Brit dial titter to move unsteadily, totter..]
teeter-totter n • [Varr of arch and Brit dial titter-totter..]
topping adj • arch
torshent n • arch
town ho exclam • arch
trampoose v • arch
truck n1 3 • arch
Washington eagle n • arch
what time conj phr • [Cf arch what time at the time when, when(ever)]
wizzen n • arch
yellow robin n • arch
ajo n • AZ, CA
angry acacia n • AZ, CA, NV
center fire adj • West, chiefly WA to AZ
checkered-bark juniper n • AZ, NM, TX
covena n • AZ
desert saltbush n • AZ
gopher snake n 1 • chiefly West, esp CA, AZ (MAP)
greasewood n 2f • esp AZ
hassayampa n • AZ
Hosteen n • NM, AZ
niggerhead n 3a • esp AZ
salmon n B2a(3) • esp AZ, UT
sotol n • TX, NM, AZ
Verde trout n • AZ
yant n • SW, esp AZ
zanja n • sCA, AZ
zanjero n • sCA, AZ
appaloosa n2 • chiefly Gulf States, AR, OK
Arkansawyer n • chiefly AR and adjacent states
ault n • esp AR
betsy bug n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp AR, KY
blackland n • chiefly TX, OK, AR, LA (MAP)
black wax n • chiefly AR, sOK and esp nTX
bois d’arc n • chiefly TX, LA, OK, AR, TN, KY (MAP)
bread-dough biscuit n • chiefly Nth, AR, MS (MAP)
care v B2 • chiefly FL, MS, AR, OK, NM (MAP)
carpet, on the adj phr • Sth, S Midl, esp NC, TX, AR (MAP)
Catahoula hog dog n • chiefly AR, LA, TX
gallery n • chiefly Gulf States, AR, TX (MAP)
Georgia stock n • chiefly Gulf States, AR, OK (MAP)
graveyard working n • esp TX, AR
hog jaw n • chiefly TN, KY, AR
hold v C2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States, AR (MAP)
hoodlum wagon n 2 • esp TX, OK, AR
jimplecute n 2 • esp AR, MS, MO, TX
Methodist pallet n • esp AR, TX
outer road n • MO, AR
perch n1 B3 • esp TX, LA, AR, OK
rent house n • scattered, but esp TX, AR (MAP)
rubboard n 2 • esp Gulf States, TX, AR
rusty lizard n • AL, AR, GA, LA, TX
scavenger n 1 • AR
si-fog v • esp AR
Siwash n 2 • esp NW, AR
sluice n • chiefly West, esp CA, AR
speck-back (tick) n • AL, AR, LA, TX
stick bean n • esp Inland Sth, AR (MAP)
straddle board n 2 • chiefly AR, MO
suggin n2 • AR
tear the bone out v phr • esp AR (MAP)
yonder adv B2 • esp Gulf States, AR, GA
assimilated; assimilation
all-fired adv • Also (by assim of final [d]) all-fire
beef from bull’s foot, not to know v phr • [Prob alter of B from (a) bull’s foot, not to know by assim of f]
burn v A2 • occas assim to burn
child n A2 (pronc) • assim
corfish n • [Prob assim of corft, corved ppl adj, preserved in salt, + fish..]
cotted cheese n • [Assim of cottage cheese]
cramberry n • [By assim from cranberry]
dare v A3 • [..darse, das(s) have evid lost the final -t by assim to the following to.]
dow stick n • [Prob assim from dowse stick]
first form thing n • [Perh from first form ..(with assim of the m in form to n before th)]
foal v A3 • rarely foal (prob by assim of final cons cluster)
gank-gutted adj • [By assim from gant-gutted]
glass n • [The change of gl > dl by assimilation is common in Engl..dial..]
gunboat n 1 • also, by assim, gumboat
help v A • Cf Pronc Intro 3.II.27 with ref to assimilation of /l/
hundred n, adj A4 • [By metath and assim]
hundred n, adj A5 • [By metath, assim and devoicing of final consonant]
jerk v2 • ppl adj jerked, by assim jerk, preserved in this way
joe bacon n • [Prob assim form of jowl]
lampblack n • Pronc-sp, by assim, lam black
oblige v (pronc) • assim |(ə)ˈbli| (for obliged)
pave road n • [..perh assim pronc of paved road]
Porgy n2 • [By syncope and assim from Portuguese..]
raft n • [Prob after assim of final [t], the pl form was remodeled..]
sassafras n • [..non-std forms show..assimilation to saxifrage.]
shaft n 1 (pronc) • by assim, |šæf|
sheep sour n • [..Sheep shower is prob by assim..]
sook exclam (pronc) • in..sook cow,..usu assim to |ˈs^U̩ka^U..| (MAP)
streaked and striked adj phr • [By assim from streaked and striped]
that out adv phr • [Prob that pronc-sp for ’thout (at without) + doubt with assim of d..]
Atlantic (See also Central Atlantic; Middle Atlantic; North Atlantic; South Atlantic)
afterwash n • Atl
again prep, adv, conj (pronc) • freq in Atl States, less freq elsewhere
amen pew n • chiefly Sth and Atl States
American wire fence n • chiefly Atl States
angel shark n • Atlantic coast
back v 6 • Atlantic, esp coastal NEng
back water v phr • chiefly Nth, Atlantic
baitfish n • chiefly Atl, esp C Atl, N Atl
batfish n 2 • Atl coast
bight n 1 • chiefly Atl States
*bluegill n • widespread, but least freq in Atl and Gulf States
blue Peter n 2 • Atlantic
boot n1 1b • widespread, but esp Atl States, Missip Valley; scattered West
break away v phr • esp Atl States
*breaking plow n • widespread, exc Atlantic and West
bud n2 1c • esp Atlantic
buddy n 1c • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Atlantic
bugle n 1 • chiefly Atlantic, upper Missip Valley
butterfish n 1 • chiefly Atlantic
cat’s-paw n 7 • chiefly Atl, esp N Atl
cinch n1 2 • scattered, but esp NEast, Atlantic
climb v 2b • chiefly Atl States, esp nNY, wNEng (MAP)
commode n 4b • scattered, but esp Atl, Nth
co-nan(nie) v phr • chiefly east of the Missip R, esp Atlantic
conger eel n 2 • Atl coast
congo eel n 1 • Atl coast
corvina n a • Atl coast
corvina n c • Atl and Gulf coasts
country adj • chiefly Sth, Atlantic (MAP)
*coverlet n 1 • widespread, but least freq in West and Atlantic (MAP)
crank adj • Atlantic
creek n1 B1 • Atlantic, esp Mid and N Atl
crossbar n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp Atlantic
dairy n 1 • chiefly Atlantic (MAP)
door n B3 • esp Atlantic
drain n1 C4 • Atlantic
dungarees n pl • esp Atlantic (MAP)
eel v • chiefly Atl States
eelpot n 1 • Atlantic
eelworm n • chiefly Atl
English herring n • Atlantic
*feeder n 7 • widely scattered, but less freq Atlantic
fish hawk n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Atlantic, NW (MAP)
fix v B7 • scattered, but chiefly Atlantic, Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
flatfish n 2 • Atl coast, esp NEng
flaw n • Atl coast, esp Mid Atl
flawy adj • Atl coast
fluke n1 • Atlantic coast
freshet n 2 • chiefly Atlantic, Nth (MAP)
frypan n • chiefly Atlantic, Inland Sth, West (MAP)
gauze shirt n • chiefly Atlantic
grassplot n • chiefly Atlantic (MAP)
greenhead n 3 • widespread, but esp Atlantic
grubby n 2 • Atlantic, esp N Atl
handiron n1 • chiefly Atlantic
hard-shell clam n 1 • Atlantic
*hey exclam 2 • scattered, but less freq Nth, Atlantic, West (MAP)
*hind end n 1 • scattered, but less freq Atlantic (MAP)
hominy n B1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Atlantic, esp S Atl (MAP)
horse n B7 • chiefly Atlantic, N Cent
horse n, v (pronc) • chiefly Atlantic
house n, v (pronc) • chiefly Atlantic, esp NEng, Mid and S Atl
humor n • esp Atl
hundred n, adj A1 • chiefly Atlantic, Sth, S Midl
*hydrant n 1a • scattered, but less freq Nth, Atlantic (MAP)
kindling wood n • scattered, but more freq Atl (MAP)
laurel n 2 • chiefly Atlantic, Appalachians
library n (pronc) • esp Atlantic
main n1 • chiefly Atlantic
make up v phr 2 • chiefly Atlantic (MAP)
mantelpiece n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Atlantic (MAP)
marry v (pronc) • chiefly Atlantic, Sth
marsh hay n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Atlantic (MAP)
*milk house n • widespread, but less freq Sth, Atlantic (MAP)
mountain laurel n 1 • chiefly Atlantic
mud hen n 1a • esp Atlantic
*muley adj, n2 A1 (pronc) • widespread exc Atlantic coast (MAP)
*muley adj, n2 A2 (pronc) • scattered, but less freq Atlantic coast, Gulf States (MAP)
*muley adj B1 • widespread, but less freq Atlantic coast (MAP)
northeaster n • chiefly Atlantic; also Gt Lakes (MAP)
northwester n • chiefly Atlantic, Gulf States, Gt Lakes (MAP)
oxeye n 1a • chiefly Atl coast
pale fence n • chiefly Atlantic, esp PA (MAP)
pheasant duck n • chiefly Atlantic, esp N Atl
pig in a bag n • chiefly Atlantic (MAP)
pop n2 1 • scattered, but esp Atlantic, Gulf States (MAP)
pound n2 2 • Atlantic coast
pound n2 3 • chiefly Atlantic coast
pulled candy n • chiefly Atlantic, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pussley n 1a • scattered, but esp freq NEast, NCent, Atlantic (MAP)
raw bar n • chiefly Atlantic, esp Mid Atl
red drum n • chiefly Atl
roach n1 1a • chiefly Atlantic
row n 4 • chiefly Nth, Atlantic, Gulf States (MAP)
salt-meadow grass n a • Atlantic and Gulf coasts
scholar n • scattered, but esp Atlantic, N Cent (MAP)
see v B2a • scattered, but chiefly Atl, esp NEast
seesaw n 1 • chiefly Atlantic, Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP and Map Section)
serenade n • chiefly Appalachians, Atlantic exc sNEng (MAP)
setting room n • chiefly Atlantic, esp NEast
shad n 1 • chiefly Atl
shine n 4 • scattered, but esp Atlantic, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*shivaree n B1 • widespread, but less freq Atlantic, Gulf States exc FL (MAP and Map Section)
shool v • chiefly Atl, esp NEng
silversides n 1 • chiefly Atlantic
sneaky Pete n 1 • chiefly Atlantic (MAP)
south-southerly n • Atlantic, esp Mid Atl
*straight up, not to know v phr • scattered, but rare Atlantic (MAP)
straw ride n • esp Atlantic
striped bass n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Atlantic, Lower Missip Valley, CA (MAP)
swamp mosquito n • chiefly Atlantic
take v B1b • scattered, but esp Atlantic (MAP)
thisaway adv • scattered, but more freq Atlantic, Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
thoroughfare n • Atlantic
tractor-trailer n • scattered, but more freq Atlantic (MAP and Map Section)
*trade-last n • widespread, but less freq Atlantic (MAP)
traffic circle n • chiefly Atlantic, Gulf States, SW(MAP)
transformation n • chiefly Atlantic, N Cent (MAP)
water witch n 1 • chiefly Atlantic, esp Mid Atl
*water witch n 3 • widespread, but less freq Atlantic
weir n (pronc) • chiefly Atlantic |wɛr, ˈwɛə(r), ˈwæə(r)|
whistler n 3 • scattered, but esp Atlantic (MAP)
*wiener n • widespread, but less freq Atlantic, West (MAP)
*witching stick n • widespread, but less freq Atlantic, Gt Lakes (MAP)
*woven wire n • widespread, but less freq Atlantic coast, Gulf States, SW, Pacific (MAP)
a name="Australian">Australian; Australian National Dictionary
bloomer n • [Orig Austr slang: abbr for blooming error]
gallows n 1c • [Austr Engl; AND 1847➝]
gum tree n 3 • [AND 1789➝]
Hughie n • [Cf OEDS Hughie “Austral. and N.Z. slang..”]
killick n • Cf..AND
mark v1 2 • [Cf AND 1883 ➝..] (MAP)
mud-fat adj • [..cf also AND (at mud 2)]
red gum n 2 • [AND 1788 ➝]
saltbush n • [AND saltbush 1846 ➝]
scarf n2 • Cf AND, DNZE
scrub n 1 • [..chiefly Austr, NZ]
sollaker n • [Also in Austr slang (AND sollicker 1898 ➝)..]
soul-case n • Cf ..AND
suckhole n 3 • Cf AND (MAP)
tacker n • [swEngl dial; now common in Austr Engl]
tin dog n • [Cf AND tin dog (at dog n.1 2.d) 1924 ➝..]
unfinancial adj 1 • [Cf OED2 financial a. 2 ``Of a member in a society: That pays (his subscription)''; 1892;..common in Australia and New Zealand.]
unfinancial adj 2 • Cf AND, DNZE (at financial)
whirly wind n • Cf..AND
B
back-formation; back-form(ed)
acquaintun ppl adj • [Perh back-formation from acquaintance or acquainting]
ad ax n • [ad back-formation from adz taken as pl + ax]
adz n (pronc) • by back-formation, |æd|
aild v tr • [Back-formation from ailded]
airify v • [Prob back-formation from airified, but cf -ify]
all-fire n • [Back-formation from all-fired adj or adv]
alterated ppl adj • [..perh *alterate (back-formation from alteration) + -ed]
antigod(d)le v • [Var of antigogle or back-formation < antigodlin]
antigogle v • [Prob back-formation < antigoglin]
apee n • [Back-formation from Fr épice, understood as pl..]
appendic n • [Sg back-formation from appendix taken as pl]
appleknock v • [Back-formation < appleknocker]
applicate v • [Back-formation from application, perh infl by supplicate]
arnick n • [Prob back-formation from onyx as if it were pl]
basting big adj phr • [..back-form from baster + big]
bay v • [Perh back-form of bait v 3 understood as past tense]
beef n A1 • rarely, by back-formation from pl, beeve
bock n4 • [..perh back-formation of box a blow, buffet]
book-keep v • [Back-formation from bookkeeper]
botherate v • [Back-formation from botheration n]
bullace n 1 • by back-formation, bully
charter v • [Prob back-form from chartered]
cheese n A • hence back-formed sg chee
Chinee n2 • [Back-formation from Chinese..]
clodhop n • [Back-formation from clodhopper]
clumse n • [Prob back-form < clumsy..]
cohabitate v • [Back-formation from cohabitation]
combinate v • [Back-formation from combination]
confident v • [Perh back-formation from confidence v..]
conjunct v • [Prob back-formation from conjunction]
connip v • [Back-formation of conniption..]
consolate v • [Prob a back-formation from consolation]
consumpted ppl adj • [*consumpt v, back-formation from consumption]
contage v • [Back-formation from contagious or contagion]
convene v • [Prob back-formation from convenient]
corn v 2 • [Back-formation from corned]
corp n • [Back-formation from corpse, understood as pl]
cose v • [Back-formation from cosy]
crow n2 • [Back-formation from croze, taken as pl]
cuckold v • |ˈkʌkəl| (by back-formation, |ˈkʌkəld| being taken as pret)
dare v A2 • [These forms..represent..back-formation from the negative da(r)snt..]
dare v A3 • [Back-formation from A2 above..]
deparch v • [Back-formation from departure]
dinge n1 • [Back-formation from dingy adj]
dinge up v phr • [Back-formation from dingy soiled, discolored]
distant n • [Prob back-formation from distance, analyzed as pl distants]
diz v • [Prob back-formation from dizzy]
dog rob v phr • [Back-formation from dog robber]
double-head v 1 • [Back-formation from doubleheader 1]
dowd n • [..perh a recent back-formation from dowdy..]
dressmake v • [Back-formation from dressmaker]
drib n • [Prob back-formation from dribble, driblet..]
embarras n • *embarra sg (by back-formation)
farsee v • [Perh back-formation from far-sight; prob infl by foresee]
farth adj, adv • [Back-formations from farther, farthest, further, furthest]
fertili n • [Back-formation from fertilize n, understood as pl]
flinder v1 • [..perh US use is an independent back-formation from flinders 1]
flock n • [Back-formation from phlox understood as pl]
flommuck n • [Back-formation from flummox n, taken as pl]
folk n B1a • [Back-formation from pl folks]
frivol v • [Back-formation from frivolous]
frow v • [Perh back-formation from frowy adj1]
galak v • [Back-formation from galax, understood as pl]
gald v • [Back-formation from galded, pleonastic past pple of gall..]
gamle v • [Prob back-formation from gamlin stick..]
ginger adj • [Back-formation from gingerly adv..]
glab v • [Perh back-formation from glabber infl by gab..]
hifalute v • [Back-form from highfalutin]
ho n • [Back-formation from hose understood as pl..]
hot log v • [Prob back-formation from hot logging]
housekeep v • [Back-formation from housekeeping or housekeeper]
husk n B7a • [Prob back-formation from husky adj robust, powerful..]
-ie suff2 • [Prob back-formation from -ies 1]
instant n • [..perh back-formation from instance understood as instants]
interpretate v • [Back-formation from interpretation]
jerk v2 • [Back-formation from jerky n2, or directly from AmSpan charquear < charqui]
jink n3 • [Perh back-formation from jinx]
jink v 2 • [..perh back-formation from jinx to bring bad luck upon]
jinked ppl adj • [..perh back-formation from jinx to bring bad luck upon]
lamentate v • [Back-formation from lamentation..]
lant n • [Prob back-formation from lance, interpreted as lants..]
license n 1 (pronc) • by back-formation, sg |ˈlaɪs%Un|, pronc-spp licen, lysun
link n • [Back-formation from lynx understood as pl]
maltee n, adj • [Back-formation from Maltese]
mayonnaise n (pronc) • proncs |ˈmeəne, ˈmaɪneɪ| are prob back-formations from |ˈmeənez| understood as pl
middlebuster n 1 • by back-formation, v middlebust (MAP)
mirate v • [Back-formation from miration]
mize v • [Back-formation from miser]
norate v • [Prob back-formation from noration..]
pea n2 • [Prob back-formation from..peise understood as pl]
peeler n2 2 • [..back-formation..]
perspirate v • [Back-formation from perspiration..]
pinhook v • [Prob back-formation from pinhooker]
polonay n • [Back-formation from polonaise..]
Portuguese n, adj • back-formation based on understanding the final [-z] as a plural marker
possum hunt v phr • [Back-formation from vbl n phr possum hunting..]
roe v • [Perh by back-formation from roed full of roe (OED2 1611 ➝)]
sandbakkels n • Also sandbakkelse, sandbakkel (back-formation from sandbakkels, understood as pl)
scaredy adj • [Perh by back-formation from scaredy-cat..]
schnitz n1 • by back-formation, sg snit a slice. (MAP)
self-sown adj phr • by back-formation, v self-sow; n self-seeder. (MAP)
shaft n 1 (pronc) • by back-formation from pl shavs..|šæv|
sharecrop v • [Back-formation from sharecropper]
sheaf n • by back-formation sheave(MAP)
souse v1 B8 • [Appar back-form from soused drunk]
snort v • [Perh back-formation < snorting pen, ~ post 1]
specie n • [Back-formation from species..]
spike pitcher n • by back-formation, v phr spike pitch, vbl n spike pitching
squawed adj • rarely, by back-formation, v squaw to make crooked
staunch n • [Prob back-formation from sta(u)ncheons..]
stringhalt n A • [..stringhalter..back-formation from stringhaltered (at stringhalted)]
stump-broke adj • by back-formation, verbs stump-break, stump-train
sull v • [Back-formation < sullen understood as sullin(g)] (MAP)
sulter v • [..perh back-formation from sultry]
surl v • [Back-formation from surly]
tale-tell v • [Back-formation from tale-teller, tale-telling]
tamale n1 • [Back-formation from MexSpan tamales, pl of tamal..] (MAP)
transportate v • [Back-formation from transportation..]
trough n A5 (pronc) • [Prob back-formation from [trɔz] as reduced form of [trɔvz] or [trɔðz]..]
tush adj • [Prob by back-formation from tush hog]
unthoughted adj • rarely, by back-formation, adj thoughted thoughtful
windjammer n • by back-formation, v windjam
you-un pron • [Prob by back-formation from you-uns pron1 1]
Bahamian; Dictionary of Bahamian English
conch n • [Bahamian Engl conch a native Bahamian (DBE 1804➝)..]
coonah n • [..cf..DBE Junkanoo]
cut-eye n, v • [..Cf..Bahamian..cut eye..see DBE]
dash away v phr • Cf DBE
day clean n • Cf..DBE
dicty adj • Cf DBE
dirt-eater n 1 • Cf DJE, DBE dirt-eating
doctor shop n • Cf DJE, DBE
duppy n • Cf DJE, DBE
foo-foo n1 • Cf DJE, DBE
fool n1 4 • Cf DBE
for prep B2 • [..cf DJE fi3, DBE for.]
fowl-crow n • Cf DBE
high blood n • [Cf DBE]
humbug n 4 • [..DBE humbug..]
humbug v 2 • [Cf DBE humbug..]
hungry adj, n A • [Cf DBE]
hungry n B • [Cf DJE, DBE]
icening n • [..cf..DBE, DJE]
jawbone n 1 • Cf DJE 1837 ➝, DBE
jawbone breaker n 1 • [..cf DBE]
joog v • [Prob of Afr origin (cf DJE juk, DBE jook)..]
longest, for the (last) adv phr • [..see also DBE]
long eye n • [Cf DBE long-eye “covetous”..]
me adj a • [Cf DBE, DJE]
mojo n • Cf..DBE
nosy around v phr • [Cf DBE nosey around (at nosey v. “to pry”)]
nyam v • [..cf DBE, DJE]
one indef art D • Cf DBE, DJE
one-one adv, adj, n • Cf DBE, DJE
onetime adv • Cf DJE, DBE
poor joe n2 • Cf DBE
say conj • [From any of several W Afr languages;..cf DBE say, DJE se]
stay v 2 • cf also DBE stay 4
stay v 3 • Cf DBE stay 3
steady adv B1 • [Cf..DBE study adv. “regularly”]
titty n1 • [..for possible Afr lang analogues cf DBE]
ugly adj, adv, n • Cf DBE (at ogly), DJE
una pron • [W Afr; cf Igbo unu you (pl); cf also DJE unu, DBE ona]
what side adv phr • Cf DBE, DJE (at what side), DCEU (at wisside)
Baltimore See Maryland, Baltimore
cooter n • [Afr, akin to Bambara, Malinké kuta turtle; also Central Afr nkudu;..]
cunner n2 • [Perh by coalescence of canoe, ult from Arawak, with Gullah ˈ kunu, ult Afr..]
cala n1 • [..Cf also Common Bantu *kádá to fry, roast]
duppy n • [Bube (a Bantu language of West Afr) dupe ghost..]
cho cho n • [Basque “child, young man”]
rolle bolle n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley; in Dutch and Belgian settlement areas
Belgian French See French, Belgian
Bible; Biblical
Aaron’s rod n • [See Numbers 17:8]
Abraham’s tree n • [Perh an allusion to Gen 21:33]
adder n 3a • [Ref to Psalms 58:4..]
ark n 5 • Gen 6:14-16
Aunt Hagar’s children n pl • [Hagar, wife of Abraham and mother of Ishmael: Gen 21:9]
Beltashazur’s off-ox n • [Cf Daniel 4:18f..]
Beulah land n • [See Isaiah 62:4]
Bible bug n • [Cf Exod 10:12-19]
biblical measure n • [Cf Deut 25:15, Micah 6:10]
bray v • Cf Proverbs 27:22 “bray a fool in a mortar with a pestle”
burning bush n • [Cf Exodus 3:2-3]
call one’s name v phr • [Prob Biblical; cf Gen 3:20]
coat o’ Joseph n • [In ref to Joseph’s coat of many colors, Gen 37:3]
consider-lily n • [Perh influenced by Matthew 6:28, Luke 12:27..]
creature n B3 • [Orig in allusion to I Timothy 4:4..]
crucifixion thorn n 1 • [From the crown of thorns..(Mark 15:17)]
ebenezer n • [Cf 1 Samuel 7:12]
Eve n • [Eve, in the Bible, the first woman]
eye-servant n • [..cf Ephesians 6:5–6]
fair shake n • [Perh in ref to..a shaken measure of grain (cf Luke 6:38)]
fall asleep v phr • [Cf Acts 13:36, 2 Peter 3:4]
feast in the wilderness n • [Perh in ref to Matthew 15:33..]
fig leaf n • [Genesis 3:7]
footstool n 1 • [Isaiah 66:1]
foot washing n • John 13:14
good measure n • [Cf Luke 6:38]
gospel measure n • [In allusion to Luke 6:38]
Ham’s grandson n • [..cf Genesis 9:18-25]
hip and thigh adj phr • [..cf Judges 15:8]
I-am n • [Cf Exodus 3:14 “I AM hath sent me unto you.”]
idle bread n • [Cf Proverbs 31:27 “She..eateth not the bread of idleness”]
Jacob and Rachel n • [In allusion to the deception of Jacob in Genesis 29:16–25]
Jacob’s cattle bean n • [From its spotted appearance, in allusion to Genesis 30:39]
Jacob’s coat n • [Prob in allusion to Genesis 37:3]
Jacob’s ladder n 1 • [In allusion to Genesis 28:12..]
Jehoshaphat n • [The Biblical name used as a euphem for Jesus]
Jehu n • [Cf 2 Kings 9:2, 20]
Jemima n • [The Biblical name used as a euphem for Jesus]
Jerusalem n • [The Biblical name used as a euphem for Jesus]
Jerush(e)y intj • [Pronc-spp for the Biblical name Jerusha used as euphems for Jesus..]
jesse n • [Cf Isaiah 11:1]
Jesus bug n • [In allusion to Matthew 14:25]
Jesus Christ bird n • [In allusion to Matthew 14:25]
jewels-of-Opar n • [..cf 1 Kings 9:27-28]
Job’s turkey n 1 • [Job, the Old Testament patriarch..] (MAP)
Jonah n B1 • [..cf Jonah 1:17; 2:10] (MAP)
Jonah’s gourd n • [Cf Jonah 4:6–10]
Joseph’s coat n • [..cf Genesis 37:3]
Methodist measure n 1 • [Prob in ref to Luke 6:38]
ox n B2 • [Cf Luke 14:5..]
pharaoh n • [..cf Exodus 10:12–19]
posada n • in allusion to the Biblical story
ring-streaked and striped adj phr • [Prob alter of Genesis 30:35 “ring-straked and spotted”]
Sampson fox n • [In allusion to Judges 15:4..]
Samson n1 • [..cf Judges 13–16]
scripture cake n • cake made with ingredients mentioned in the Bible
strong-in-the-log shoe n • [..cf Ephesians 6:10]
Zaccheus tree n • [In ref to Biblical Zaccheus (Luke 19:1–10), who climbed a sycamore (Ficus sycomorus) to see Jesus]
Abraham Lincoln n • freq among Black speakers
ace n • among Black speakers
ace-boon-coon n • among Black speakers
ace-coon n • among Black speakers
Afro n • esp among young Black speakers (Map Section)
ain’t v1 3 • among Black speakers
ain’t v1 5 • among Black speakers
ain’t it interrog exclam2 • chiefly among Black speakers
airish adj 2 • chiefly among Blacks (MAP)
air out v phr • among Black speakers
Alabama n B • chiefly among Black speakers
all hid n • among Black speakers
alligator n1 B5 • orig among Black speakers and derog
another adj • Pronc-spp, esp in representation of Black speech
anxious adj B • among Black speakers
ashes n pl 2 • chiefly among Black speakers
Aunt Hagar’s children n pl • among Black speakers
Aunt Jane n • among Black speakers
baby n 1 • chiefly among Black speakers
bad adj B6 • chiefly among Black speakers
bad-ass(ed) adj, n • chiefly among Black speakers
bad child n • esp freq among Black speakers
bad eye n • chiefly among Black speakers
bad hair n • among Black speakers
bad mouth n • chiefly among Black speakers
badmouth v • esp among Black and young White speakers
bad nigger n • among Black speakers
bad rags n pl • among Black speakers
bait n 3 • esp among Black speakers
ball n2 • esp among Black speakers
ball v2 • chiefly among Black speakers
ball the jack v phr 2 • chiefly among Blacks
band n3 • among Black speakers
base v D2 • among Black speakers
battle-hammed adj • chiefly among Black speakers; relic
be v B1f • esp freq among Blacks; occas among Whites in the Sth
be v B1g • esp among Black speakers
be v B2a(1) • chiefly among Black speakers with little formal educ
be v B3a • esp freq among Blacks
be v B8b • esp freq among Blacks
beat adj • esp among young, urban, and Black speakers
beater n 2 • esp among Black speakers
beau dollar n • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP and Map Section)
before-day n • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
beg v (pronc) • esp among Black speakers
behind prep • among Black speakers
behind a dime adv phr • chiefly among Black speakers (MAP)
bex v • among Black speakers
bid whist n • chiefly among Blacks (MAP)
big daddy n • esp common among Black speakers (MAP)
big day n • among Black speakers
big-eye adj 1 • among Black speakers
big mamma n • esp among Black speakers (MAP)
billfolder n • esp among Black speakers
blood adv • esp among Black speakers
blood n 1 • among Black speakers
blood n 2 • chiefly among Black speakers
blow v1 B6 • chiefly among Black speakers
blow gage v phr • chiefly among Black speakers
blue n 1 • chiefly among Black speakers
bofe adj, pron • esp among Black speakers
bogart n2 • chiefly among Blacks
bogart v • chiefly among Blacks
boguish adj • among Black speakers
boody n • chiefly among Blacks
boojy adj • among Black speakers
bookity-book adv, n • esp among Black speakers
boot n2 5 • among Black speakers; sometimes derog
boss adj • now esp among Black speakers
boss-man n 1 • esp common among Black speakers (MAP)
bound v 1a • esp freq among Black speakers
brace n 1 • esp among Black speakers
brad n2 1 • among Black speakers
breath n (pronc) • chiefly among Black speakers
breathe v (pronc) • chiefly among Black speakers
bright adj 2 • now chiefly among Black speakers
broken vein n • esp common among Blacks
brother n A1 • chiefly among Black speakers
brother n A2 • orig among Southern Blacks
bubba n1 1 • esp common among Blacks (MAP)
buck-eyed adj2 • esp among Black speakers (Map Section)
buddy gee n • among Black speakers
bulldagger n • esp among Black speakers, freq derog
bum n3 • esp among Blacks
bump n 2 • esp among Blacks
burial society n • esp among Blacks
burn v B6 • among Black speakers; joc
bury league n • among Black speakers
bush n1 B2 • chiefly among Black speakers
buzzard lope n 1 • esp among Black speakers
call n1 1 • chiefly among Black speakers
call hogs v phr • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
camel walk n • freq among Black speakers
cap v 1d • esp among Black speakers
case n1 7 • chiefly among Blacks
cat n 1b • chiefly among Blacks
cat n 1c • orig among Black jazz musicians
cat n 1d • esp among Blacks
cat v 1 • chiefly among Blacks
catch-pain n • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
cat-eyed adj 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
catface n 2 • chiefly among Black speakers
cease v1 (pronc) • esp among Black speakers
cease v1 B • freq among Black speakers (MAP)
cease v2 • chiefly among Black speakers
Charlie n 2 • among Black speakers; derog
cheese-eater n • chiefly among Black speakers
chick n • esp among young speakers and among Black speakers; sometimes derog
chicken n B7 • esp among Black speakers
chicken-eater n 2 • esp among Black speakers; humorous
child n A1 (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers
child n A2 (pronc) • esp among Black speakers
chump change n • among Black speakers
church mother n • among Black speakers
clean adj 2 • among Black speakers
clearstone n • esp common among Black speakers (MAP)
climb v 1 • esp in representation of Black Speech
climb v 2d • esp among Black speakers
cloth n • used esp in representations of Black speech
coal n • among Black speakers
coal-scuttle blond n • among Black speakers; joc
coat, pull one’s v phr • among Black speakers
cock n1 2 • esp among Black speakers
cold adj2 • among Blacks
collar v 1 • among Blacks
collar v 2 • among Blacks
colly v • esp among Blacks
color-struck adj • among Blacks
congolene n • esp among Black speakers
conk n3 1 • esp among Black speakers
conk v2 • esp among Black speakers
conk-buster n • among Black speakers
cookie n1 5 • among Black speakers
cool adj 3 • earlier esp among Black speakers, now more widely used
cool n 1 • earlier esp among young, coll educ, and Black speakers, now more widely used
cool it v phr 1 • formerly esp among young, coll educ, and Black speakers; now more widespread
cop v • among Black speakers
cornrow n, v • esp among Blacks
corn song n • esp among Blacks
cotch n • among Blacks
country adj • esp among Black speakers (MAP)
crab-apple switch n • esp among Black speakers
cracker n 3 • among Black speakers; derog
crack one’s side(s) v phr • esp among Black speakers
crack up v phr • esp among young, urban, coll educ, and Black speakers
credit n, v (pronc) • esp among Black speakers
creep n2 • among Black speakers
creep v B5 • among Black speakers
creeper n 9 • among Black speakers
crib n1 2 • esp among Black speakers
crook n1 • esp among Black speakers
crumb crusher n • esp among Black speakers; joc
curioussome adj • esp among Black speakers
cut-eye adj, adv • among Black speakers
cut-eye n, v • among Black speakers
dap adj • among Black speakers
day-day intj, n • chiefly among Black speakers
dead adj (pronc) • esp among Black speakers
dead cat on the line n • esp common among Black speakers (MAP)
death n (pronc) • among Black speakers
death rain n • among Black speakers
declare before the Lord v phr • esp freq among Black speakers
devil n • representing Black speech
dew n (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers
dicty adj • chiefly among Black speakers
dicty n • among Black speakers
dig v2 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
dig v2 2 • chiefly among young and mid-aged speakers; esp freq among Black speakers; esp freq in urban comms
dirty hearts n pl • esp freq among Black speakers
disappoint v B • esp freq among Black speakers
dive v 1 • among Black speakers
dive v 2 • esp among Black speakers
do n1 3 • among Black speakers
do v B1 • chiefly among Black speakers
do v B3 • now esp among Black speakers
do v C1c • esp freq among Black speakers; old-fash
do v C2b • esp freq among Black (esp Gullah) speakers
do-rag n • among Black speakers
double-head(ed) adj • among Black speakers
double tenant n • esp freq among Black speakers
dout prep • chiefly among Black speakers
down adj D7 • among Black speakers
dozen n B1 • among Black speakers; esp urban
drag n 13a • esp freq among Blacks and among young and mid-aged speakers
drag n 14 • esp freq among Black speakers and among young and mid-aged speakers
drive n 8 • esp among Black speakers
dry adj 1 • esp among Black speakers
dry drought n • esp freq among Black speakers
dude n • esp freq among Black speakers
during prep • chiefly among Black speakers
eagle rock n, v • esp freq among Black speakers
earth n • chiefly among Black speakers
east n2 (pronc) • chiefly among Black speakers (MAP)
eastman n • among Black speakers; old-fash
easy rider n • orig among Black speakers
eat cheese v phr • among Black speakers
either conj E2 • among Black speakers
element n 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
Emancipation (Proclamation) Day n • chiefly among Black speakers
entitle n • esp freq among Black speakers; old-fash
-est superl suff 4 • esp freq among Black speakers
ever adv (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers
every adj • esp among Black speakers
evil adj B1 • chiefly among Black speakers
excusing prep • esp among Black speakers
exwice n, v • among Black speakers
eyeball v 1 • orig esp freq among Black speakers
face n 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
fact n, v A1 • Note: Among Black and some White speakers, this may be of independent formation rather than Scots origin.
faggot n • Faggot is more freq among Blacks, fag among Whites
fall out v phr 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
fall out v phr 2 • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
familious adj • esp freq among Black speakers; arch
fatmouth v • among Black speakers
fay n • chiefly among Black speakers
fessor n • esp freq among Black speakers
filibuster v • esp freq among Black speakers
fire hearth n • esp freq among Black speakers
five-up n • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
fix n 3 • among Black speakers
fix v B5 • among Black speakers
flunky n 2 • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
foot n C5e • among Black speakers
football n 1 • among Black speakers
fore prep 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
forget it phr 2 • among Black speakers
fox n 1 • esp among Black speakers
frail eel n • among Black speakers
freak n 3 • esp freq among Black speakers
freeze v A2 • esp among Black speakers
’fro n • among Black speakers
frog bread n • among Black speakers
from prep • esp freq among Black speakers
front v • among Black speakers
full v 2 • chiefly among Black speakers
funky adj 1b • esp among Black speakers
funky chicken n • esp among Black speakers
gall shirt n • chiefly among Black speakers; somewhat old-fash
game n • chiefly among Black speakers
game v 2 • chiefly among Black speakers
Georgia skin (game) n • esp among Black speakers
get v B1a • chiefly among Black speakers
get down v phr 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
get down v phr 3 • among Black speakers
get-go n • esp freq among Black speakers
get over v phr • among Black speakers
girl n B • Used as a term of address between Black women
give v A1a • among Black speakers; old-fash
give v A1b • among Black speakers; old-fash
give v A2c • among Black speakers; old-fash
go v A4a • esp freq among Black speakers
go v B • esp freq among Black speakers
go-long n • among Black speakers
goofer n • chiefly among Black speakers
goofer v • chiefly among Black speakers
gospel bird n • esp among Black speakers; joc
grand n • esp among Black speakers
grandma n A5 • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
gray n 1 • among Black speakers
grease v B3 • among Black speakers
hack n4 • chiefly among Black speakers
hag n 1 • esp among Black speakers
hagride v • esp among Black speakers
hammer n B • among Black speakers
hand n B4 • among Black speakers
handkerchief head n • among Black speakers
hang v A2 • esp among Black speakers
happy adj 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
hard liver n • esp freq among Black speakers
hat up v phr • chiefly among Black speakers
haunt n B • esp freq among Black speakers
haunty adj • among Black speakers
have v1 A1a • freq among Black speakers, hab(s)
hawk n 1 • chiefly among Black speakers
he pron 2 • among Blacks, esp Gullah speakers
he pron 3 • as a simple object..restricted to Black speech
head handkerchief n • esp freq among Black speakers
head knock n • among Black speakers
hear v A2d • esp freq among Black speakers
hearth n A3 • esp freq among Black speakers
heaven n • esp among Black speakers
heaven n (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers
hebby adj • among Black speakers
heifer n 1b • esp freq among Black speakers
hell n 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
herb n B2 • among Black speakers
here adv, adj, exclam, pron A3 (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers
heself pron • among Black speakers
hickey n2 b • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP and Map Section)
him pron B4 • esp freq among Black speakers
him pron B5 • esp freq among Black speakers
hincty adj 1 • chiefly among Black speakers
hincty n • chiefly among Black speakers
hind n • esp freq among Black speakers
hip-slip n • esp freq among Black speakers
hogpen n 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
hold v A1b • esp freq among Black speakers
home boy n 1 • now esp freq among Black and other minority speakers
home boy n 2 • orig among Black speakers, now more widespread
honky n 1 • chiefly among Black speakers; usu derog
hoodoo n 1 • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
hook n 5 • esp freq among Black speakers
hoosier n B1b • among Black speakers; derog
horse n B7 • esp freq among Black speakers
house party n • esp freq among Black speakers
house-rent party n • chiefly among Black speakers; urban
humbug v 2 • among Black speakers
hungry n B • among Black speakers
hush v B2 • freq among Black speakers
ice potato n • esp freq among Black speakers
igg v • chiefly among Black speakers
instead adv • esp freq among Black speakers
jack n1 15 • among Black speakers
jack up v phr 3 • esp freq among Black speakers
James Brown n • among Black speakers
jaw n • among Black speakers
jeff n 1 • chiefly among Black speakers
jeff v • among Black speakers
jelly n 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
jelly n 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
jelly roll n 2 • among Black speakers
jickhead n • esp freq among Black speakers
jimswinger n 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
jitterbug n 1 • chiefly among Black speakers
jive adj • chiefly among Black speakers
jive n • chiefly among Black speakers
jive v1 • chiefly among Black speakers
joan v • among Black speakers
Joe Louis n • esp freq among Black speakers
jomo n • esp freq among Black speakers
jook n 2 • orig among Black speakers (MAP)
jook v3 • esp freq among Black speakers
jump salty v phr • esp freq among Black speakers
jump-up song n • chiefly among Black speakers
just adv 3 (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers
keen adj 1 • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
keep v A2 • esp freq among Black speakers
keep v A3 • esp freq among Black speakers
kernel n 2a • esp freq among Black speakers
kitchen n2 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
kittledee n • esp freq among Black speakers
knee baby n • now esp freq among Black speakers
later exclam • esp freq among Black speakers
lavatory n • esp freq among Black speakers
leave v A1 • esp freq among Black speakers
leave v A2 • esp freq among Black speakers
leave v A3 • esp freq among Black speakers
let v A2a • esp freq among Black speakers
let v B1 • esp freq among Black speakers
like v1 B • esp freq among Black speakers
little more and(, a) adv phr • among Black speakers
little Sally Walker n • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
live v B2 • esp freq among Black speakers
lonesome adj C • esp freq among Black speakers
long adj B3b • esp freq among Black speakers
long v A • esp freq among Black speakers
longest, for the (last) adv phr • esp freq among Black speakers
Lord n1 B1 • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
love n C • esp freq among Black speakers
love v B2 • esp freq among Black speakers
love bone n • among Black speakers
main man n • chiefly among Black speakers
main squeeze n 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
make v1 D21 • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
mamma n1 5 • esp freq among Black speakers
mammy n1 1b • among Black speakers
mammy n1 5 • among Black speakers
man n A • chiefly Sth, chiefly among Black speakers pronc-spp mon, mun
man n B2 • esp freq among Black speakers
man n C2 • esp freq among Black speakers
man n C3 • esp freq among male Black speakers
man n C5b • among Black speakers
mange n • among Black speakers
mannish adj • esp freq among Black speakers
Mary Jane n 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
master n • chiefly Sth, among Black speakers, obs, mars(e), mass(a)
master n • chiefly S Atl coast, among Black speakers, obs, maus(sa), mossa
master n Bl • Formerly used by Blacks in the South as a respectful title
measure n, v (pronc) • among Black speakers
meddle v 1 • chiefly among Black speakers
member n • among Black speakers
mercy seat n • esp freq among Black speakers
mess over v phr • chiefly among Black speakers
middleday n • esp freq among Black speakers
mines pron • esp freq among Black speakers
miration n • esp freq among Black speakers
misery n • esp freq among Black speakers
Miss Ann(e) n • chiefly among Black speakers
Mister Charlie n • among Black speakers
mistress n • esp freq among Black speakers
mistress n B1 • Formerly used by Black speakers in the South
moan n 2 • among Black speakers
moan v • among Black speakers
mojo n • orig chiefly among Black speakers
monkey-chaser n • esp freq among Black speakers
mother dear n • chiefly among Black speakers (MAP)
mother wit n • esp freq among Black speakers
mouth n, v (pronc) • chiefly among Black speakers
Mr. It n • chiefly among Black speakers
must vbl aux 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
must be adv phr • among Black speakers
nap n1 1 • among Black speakers
nappy adj • esp freq among Black speakers
nation sack n • among Black speakers
natural n D • chiefly among Black speakers
nature n B1 • chiefly among Black speakers
neither adj, adv, pron, conj (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers |ˈnidə|
never adv • chiefly among Black speakers
nigger n1 B1b • Used in a depreciatory sense by Black speakers
nigger n1 B1d • Used in a neutral or favorable sense by Black speakers
nigger n1 B2b • esp freq among Black speakers
night doctor n • chiefly among Black speakers
none pron Bb • now esp freq among Black speakers
nose open, get one’s v phr • among Black speakers
nothing n (pronc) • chiefly among Black speakers
nuse n, v • among Black speakers
nusen v past • among Black speakers
nyoung adj • among Black speakers
ofay n • among Black speakers
off v E • orig among Black speakers
one adv C1 • among Black (esp Gullah) speakers
oreo n • esp freq among Black speakers
outside child n • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
outside man n 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
paddy n1 4 • chiefly among Black speakers
palement n • among Black speakers
pale road n • among Black speakers
palma Christi n • esp among Black speakers
panel n • chiefly among Black speakers
partridge n A4 • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
pass v 1a • esp freq among Black speakers
pat v 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
peacebreaker n • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
peck n3 • chiefly among Black speakers
peckerwood n 2 • term of abuse for a White person, esp by Black speakers
peola n • among Black speakers
people n A • esp freq among Black speakers
peruse v • freq among Black speakers
piccolo n • chiefly among Black speakers
pink n2 3b • among Black speakers
pitty-pat n • among Black speakers
plat-eye n • among Black speakers
play adj • among Black speakers
play n 1b • among Black speakers
play-toy n • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
pleasure n, v (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers |ˈplɛə(r)|
pluck n 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
poach v A2 (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
poontang n 1 • now esp freq among Black speakers
praying ground n • chiefly among Black speakers
press v • among Black speakers
pressed adj • among Black speakers
process n • among Black speakers
process v • among Black speakers
prone into v phr • esp freq among Black speakers
quarrel v B • esp freq among Black speakers
race man n • usu used by Black speakers
rank v 3 • esp freq among Black speakers
rather adv B2b • esp freq among Black speakers
re- pref • esp freq among Black speakers
read v1 • esp freq among Black speakers
ready adj 2 • chiefly among Black speakers
red n B4 • among Black speakers
reel n • chiefly among Black speakers
remembrance n • esp freq among Black speakers
rent party n • chiefly among Black speakers
rise v A1c • esp freq among Black speakers
rise v A2d • esp freq among Black speakers
root n1 B1 • chiefly among Black speakers
root v C • among Black speakers
root doctor n 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
root man n • among Black speakers
root work n • esp freq among Black speakers
rosin chewer n • esp freq among Black speakers
run down v phr • esp freq among Black speakers
rural n • chiefly among Black speakers
rusty dusty n • among Black speakers
sagaciate v • esp freq among Black speakers
salty adj 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
Sam n2 • now chiefly among Black speakers
same like conj phr, prep phr, adj phr • esp freq among Black speakers
Sanctified (Church) n • chiefly among Black speakers
satisfy v • esp freq among Black speakers
say v A2 • now esp in representations of Black speech
say v B2a • esp freq among Black speakers
say what interrog exclam • orig esp freq among Black speakers, but now more widely known
scrap iron n • esp freq among Black speakers
scream v • esp freq among Black speakers
scronch n • among Black speakers
scronch v 2 • among Black speakers
seek v • esp freq among Black speakers
send v 2 • esp freq among Black speakers, sahnt, saunt, sont
set n2 3 • among Black speakers
set horses v phr • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
set the floor v phr • among Black speakers
shame adj • chiefly among Black speakers
shivering owl n 1 • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
short-patient adj phr • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
shout n 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
shout v 2 • chiefly among Black speakers
shout song n • esp freq among Black speaker
shuck v1 5b(1) • esp freq among Black speakers
sides adv, prep • esp freq among Black speakers
siditty adj • among Black speakers
signify v 1 • among Black speakers
sing n • among Black speakers
sinner n • esp freq among Black speakers
skiffle n • among Black speakers
skin n 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
skin n 2 • chiefly among Black speakers
skinny n 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
slave n • among Black speakers
slickster n • chiefly among Black speakers
slide n 2 • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
slowful adj • esp freq among Black speakers
smart adj 2 • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
smash n 3 • esp freq among Black speakers
smooth adj, v, adv (pronc) • chiefly among Black speakers
snake hip(s) n • orig esp freq among Black speakers
snickle v • esp freq among Black speakers
soda cracker n • esp freq among Black speakers
sometimey adj • esp freq among Black speakers
soon adj 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
so till conj • esp freq among Black speakers
soul-case n 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
sound v • esp freq among Black speakers
soup v • esp freq among Black speakers
south n, adj, adv • esp among Black speakers |sa^Uf|
specify v • esp freq among Black speakers
splib n • chiefly among Black speakers
spoil v C2 • esp freq among Black speakers
spread v A • esp freq among Black speakers, spreaded
'spute v • among Black speakers
square n1 B3 • chiefly among Black speakers
staggle v • esp freq among Black speakers
stallion n 1 • among Black speakers
stay v 1 • chiefly among Black speakers
stay v 2 • among Black speakers
steady adv B1 • among Black speakers
sticking ppl adj • among Black speakers
stocking cap n • among Black speakers
stone adj • among Black speakers
street cleaner n • among Black speakers
street, in the adj phr • among Black speakers (MAP)
Striver's Row n • among Black speakers
stroy v, ppl adj • chiefly among Black speakers
struction n • among Black speakers
strut n 3 • esp freq among Black speakers
study v1 4 • chiefly among Black speakers
stumpknocker n 3 • esp freq among Black speakers
style v • among Black speakers
suck one's teeth v phr • vocal “gesture”..in Black cultures in Africa, the Caribbean, and the US
suption n1 • esp freq among Black speakers
sweetback n • among Black speakers
swish broom n • esp freq among Black speakers and among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
switch v 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
swizzled ppl adj2 • esp freq among Black speakers
take v A1a • esp freq among Black speakers
take v A2f • esp freq among Black speakers
take low v phr • esp freq among Black speakers
ta-ta exclam • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
tea for the fever, not to take v phr • esp among Black speakers
tell v B1a • esp freq among Black speakers
tennis n • esp freq among Black speakers
tetter n1 • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
thank v1, n • esp freq among Black speakers, tank, t'engk
thank v1 B • esp freq among Black speakers
that pron, conj, adv, art A2 (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers
them pron, adj (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers |dɛm|
then adv A1 • esp freq among Black speakers
there adv, adj, pron A2 • esp freq among Black speakers, da(r), dah
there adv, adj, pron A3 (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers
these pron, adj • esp among Black speakers |diz|
they pron1 (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers |de, di|
they adj • esp freq among Black speakers
theyselves pron • esp freq among Black speakers
thief n, v (pronc) • chiefly among Black speakers |tif|
thief v B • esp freq among Black speakers
thirty n, adj, pron (pronc) • esp among Black speakers |ˈtɜti|
this pron, adj • esp freq among Black speakers, di(s)s, dish
those pron, adj (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers |doz|
though prep1, adv (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers |do|
three-card monte n 1 • chiefly among Black speakers
through adv, prep 2 (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers
throw v A2 • esp freq among Black speakers
throw v A3 • esp freq among Black speakers
throw v B1b • esp freq among Black speakers
throw v C3 • among Black speakers
throw a brick and hide one's hand(s) v phr • among Black speakers
tight adj • orig esp freq among Black speakers, young speakers, and male speakers; now more widespread
till prep, conj A2 • esp freq among Black speakers
tip v • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
title n • among Black speakers
toad-frog stool n • esp freq among Black speakers
together adj B • orig among Black speakers, now more widely used
tom n1 2 • among Black speakers
tone v1 • esp freq among Black speakers
tonk n1 1 • chiefly among Black speakers
tooth n (pronc) • chiefly among Black speakers |tuf, tut|; rarely |t^Uɵ, tʌɵ|
tooth n B1 • chiefly among Black speakers
tooth n B2 • chiefly among Black speakers:
torn up adj phr 2 • chiefly among Black speakers
trick bag n • orig esp among Black speakers, now more widespread
trifling adj 3 • esp freq among Black speakers
truck v 1 • orig chiefly among Black speakers
trunk n 3 • among Black speakers
truth n • esp among Black speakers
tumblesault n, v • esp freq among Black speakers, tumblesauce (MAP)
two-head(ed) adj • among Black speakers
ugly n D1a • chiefly among Black speakers
Uncle Tom n 1 • esp freq among Black speakers
unfinancial adj 1 • formerly widespread, now esp freq among Black speakers
upside prep 1a • esp freq among Black speakers
uptight adj • chiefly among Black speakers
urinate n • among Black speakers
us pron B1 • among Black speakers
us adj • among Black speakers
usn pron1 • esp among Black speakers
us's adj • esp among Black speakers
vacation n • esp freq among Black speakers
van van oil n • esp freq among Black speakers
vine n • among Black speakers
waistline party n • among Black speakers
want v1 B1 • esp freq among Black speakers
want v1 B2 • esp freq among Black speakers
waste v 3 • esp freq among Black speakers (MAP)
waste up v phr • chiefly among Black speakers
we-all pron 2 • esp freq among Black speakers
we-all's adj, pron2 • esp freq among Black speakers
whatsomever pron • esp freq among Black speakers
whist n 1 • now chiefly among Black speakers
whist n 2 • chiefly among Black speakers
white on rice n • orig among Black speakers; now more widely known
whitey n 1 • chiefly among Black speakers; usu derog
who pron B • esp freq among Black speakers
witchcraft v • esp among Black speakers
with prep, adv A3 (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers
with prep, adv A4 (pronc) • esp among Black speakers
without prep, adv, conj A2 • esp freq among Black speakers
without prep, adv, conj A3 • esp freq among Black speakers
woman n B2 • esp freq among Black speakers
woof v • chiefly among Black speakers
woof ticket n • esp among Black speakers
worriation n • esp freq among Black speakers
wrinkles n pl • esp freq among Black speakers
yellowhammer n 4 • esp freq among Black speakers
yes adv 1 (pronc) • esp freq among Black speakers
yet adv, conj B3 • chiefly among Black speakers
yonder adv, adj, n A6 • esp freq among Black speakers
you adj, pron2 • among Black speakers, esp Gullah speakers
you-all adj B • among Black speakers
your mamma exclam • esp freq among Black speakers
blend; blended (See also coalescence)
a lots adv, adj • [Blend of a lot + lots much]
a many a adj phr • [Blend of a many adj phr + many a ..]
absotoot(e)ly adv • [Blend of absolutely + toot ..]
aggerpervoke v, • [Blend of metath forms of aggravate + provoke]
aggervex v • [Blend of aggravate + vex]
aggrafret v • [Blend of aggravate + fret]
aggravoke v • [Blend of aggravate + provoke..]
aglory adj • [Blend of aglore + glory]
all get-outdoors n • [Blend of all get-out + all outdoors 2]
alterated ppl adj • [Blend of altered + castrated..]
altone n • [Blend of alto + baritone]
ambacker juice n • [Blend of ambeer + ’backer..]
andog n • [Prob blend of andiron + firedog..]
angeliquor n • [Blend of angelica + liquor]
animule n • [Blend of animal + mule]
anti-by-godlin adv • [Blend of antigodlin adv + by god]
anti-whampus adj • [Blend of antigodlin + catawampus adj]
antymire n • [Euphem blend of ant + pismire 1]
Arkansawyan adj • [Blend of Arkansawyer and Arkansan]
arthuratics n • [Blend of arthuritis + rheumatics]
ass-end-backwards adv phr • [Blend of ass-end-to and ass-backward(s)]
Astorbilt n • [Blend of Astor + Vanderbilt..]
astorperious adj • [Blend of Astor.. + imperious]
balooey n • [Blend of baloney + hooey]
bapsouse v, • [Blend of baptize + souse..]
barley bright n • [Blend of barley break..and marlow bright..]
becount n • [Perh blend of because + account]
bedsink n • [Prob blend of bedroom and sinkroom..]
beezer n • [Perh blend of beak and sneezer]
blabberskite n • [Blend of blabber + blatherskite..]
bleenie n • [Perh blend of baloney + weenie sausage]
blinky-blue n • [Perh blend of blinky + blue john n]
blinky-john n • [Blend of blinky + blue john n]
bluff n2 • [Prob blend of bluster or blast and puff]
blugeons n • [Prob blend of blue + flugens n]
bodacious adj, adv • [Prob blend of bold + audacious..]
bohind n • [Prob blend of bohunkus + behind]
boocoodles n • [Blend of boocoo (see beaucoup) + oodles..]
brand-fire-new adj phr • [Blend of brand-new + fire-new]
brand-splinter-new adj phr • [Blend of brand-new + splinter-new]
breezeport n • [Perh blend of breezeway and carport]
buggery boo n • [Blend of booger n1 + bugaboo]
bulldocia n • [Perh a blend of bull..bulldoze, and braggadocio]
bullgine n • [Blend of bull + (en)gine]
bulvine n • [Blend of bull + bovine]
bumbershoot n • [Perh blend of bumberella + -shoot, perh infl by chute]
bumbersol n • [Blend of bumbershoot + parasol]
bummox n • [Perh blend of bum + lummox..]
cademy n • [catty n1 1 perh blended with academy..]
cafugelty n • [Prob alter of Scots carfuffle, carfuchle.., perh blended with Scots curfuggle..]
cantering adv • [Blend of catering + canting..]
capush n • [Perh blend of caboodle + push n 1]
cassabanana n • [Perh blend of casaba (melon) + banana]
chaparajos n pl • [Prob blend of chaparreras + aparejo]
chaunchy adj, adv • [Perh blend of chinchy and raunchy]
cheapwad n • [Perh blend of cheapskate + tightwad]
chest robe n • [Blend of chest of drawers + wardrobe]
chew fire v phr • [Blend of chew nails + breathe fire]
chifforobe n • [Blend of chiffonier + wardrobe]
chirper adj • [?Blend of chirp adj + chipper]
chizzly adj • [Perh blend of chilly + drizzly]
chug n3 • [Perh blend of chew..+ plug, perh infl by chunk]
clout n2 • [Perh blend of clod n + lout..]
cockeye piddle exclam • [Prob blend of cockeye and padiddle]
coffin stick n • [Prob a blend of coffin nail 1 + cancer stick]
cogilate v • [Prob blend of cogitate + calculate]
collash v • [Blend of collide + clash]
combinder n • [Perh blend of combine n + binder]
come-easy, go-easy, come-Sunday-God’ll-send-Monday adj phr • [Blend of come day, go day (,God send Sunday) + come easy, go easy]
comprehende v • [Appar a blend of comprehend + Span comprender]
compulshency n • [Prob blend of compulsion + pushency or urgency]
confuddled ppl adj • [Prob blend of confused + befuddled]
connyswaggle v • [Perh blend of Engl dial connyfogle ..+ hornswoggle]
copperhead n2 • [Perh blend of copper n 1 + Indian head]
coppermouth n • [Prob a blend of copperhead and cottonmouth]
coverhauls n • [Blend of coveralls + overhauls]
coydog n • [Blend of coyote + dog]
crank n • [?Perh a blend of crick and cramp..]
crankpot n • [Perh blend of crank + crackpot]
crash v • [Prob blend of crush and smash]
Cratch n2 • [Alter of scratch, itself a blend of scrat and cratch ..]
cross-section n • [Blend of crossroads + intersection]
cuspitoon n • [Blend of cuspidor + spittoon]
cuss-fired adj • [Prob blend of cussed + hell-fired]
dew-hoof n • [Blend of dewclaw + hoof..]
dog iron n 1 • [Perh blend of andiron + dog n1 B3]
dornful adv • [Perh blend of doleful + mournful..]
down in the weather adj phr • [Prob blend of down in the dumps ..+ under the weather]
downburst n • [Prob blend of downpour + cloudburst]
downfall n 1 • [Perh blend of downpour + rainfall]
dubious adj A4 • [Blend of duberous..(see A3 above) + -some..]
dumfoozled adj • [Perh blend of dumbfounded + bumfoozle]
dwaddle v, • [Perh blends of dawdle or diddle v 5 + twiddle]
ear needle n • [Prob blend of ear sewer 1 + darning needle 1]
easy-go-lucky adj • [Blend of easygoing + happy-go-lucky]
effeminine adj • [Blend of effeminate + feminine]
ends, at adj phr • [Perh blend of at odds + at opposite ends]
endurable adj • [Blend of endure + durable]
enjoyous adj • [Blend of enjoyable + joyous]
explification n • [Blend of explication + -ification]
expose v • [Prob blend of expect + suppose]
fatty arbuckle n • [From Roscoe “Fatty” Arbuckle..; arbuncle is prob a blend of arbuckle + carbuncle]
fatty dodger n • [Blend of fatty-bread + corn dodger]
feather, knocked for a adj phr • [Perh blend of knocked for a loop + knocked over with a feather]
feather tail n • [Perh blend of feather cloud + mare’s tail 1]
fiddledeedee around v phr • [Blend of fiddledeedee + fiddle around]
fidgie-gibbets n pl • [Perh blend of fidgets + flibbertigibbet]
Filipinyock n • [Perh blend of Filipino + Hunyock]
finch v • [Perh blend of filch + pinch]
finickity adj • [Perh blend of finicky + persnickity]
fire mantel n • [Perh blend of fireboard 1 + mantel]
firepiece n • [Perh blend of fire + mantelpiece 1]
fishburg n • [Blend of fish + hamburg 1]
flambastic adj • [Prob blend of flamboyant + bombastic]
flambustious adj • [Perh blend of flamboyant + bustious..]
flapcake n • [Blend of flapjack + pancake]
flea in one’s bonnet n • [Blend of flea in one’s ear + bee in one’s bonnet]
fliery adj • [Perh blend of fiery + fly..]
flinch v2 • [Perh blend of filch + pinch]
flipper n2 • [Perh blend of flip n2 + flapper]
flippity adj • [Prob blend of flip or flippant + uppity]
fluzzy-headed adj • [Perh blend of fluffy + fuzzy..]
flysquatter n • [Perh blend of squasher + swatter]
for all of me adv phr • [Perh blend of obs for me as far as I am concerned + for all I care]
fourbles n pl • [..perh understood as blend of four + marbles]
frandom, by adv phr • [Perh blend of by feel + at random]
freality n • [Perh blend of free + liberality]
freshlets n pl • [Perh blend of fresh n 4 + haslet]
frizzle v • [Blend of fry + sizzle]
frog’s breadth n • [Prob blend of hair’s breadth + frog hair 2a]
furthenough adv • [Prob blend of further + enough]
galley-endways adv • [Prob blend of galley-west + endways]
galleywampus adj • [Prob blend of galley-west + wampus]
galliwopper n • [Perh blend of gallinipper 1a + golly-whopper]
gawkward adj • [Blend of gawky + awkward]
gellyon n • [Prob blend of gelding + stallion]
goboon n • [Blend of gob n1 1b + spittoon]
gommick around v phr • [Perh blend of gammick + gaum v1]
gooch v • [Perh blend of geech + goose v 2]
goodles n pl • [Prob blend of gobs + oodles]
google n • [Perh blend of goggle n + goozle n 1]
gormuck v • [Perh blend of gaum v1 1 + muck]
gormus adj • [Perh blend of gormy (at gaumy adj1) + enormous]
grassoline n • [Blend of grass + gasoline]
gritchel n • [Blend of grip + satchel]
hand pocket n • [Perh blend of handbag 1 + pocketbook]
handbook n • [Prob blend of handbag and pocketbook]
handsault n • [Blend of handspring + somersault]
haul loose v phr • [Perh blend of haul off + let loose]
haylage n • [Blend of hay + silage]
hempine n • [Prob blend of hemlock + pine]
high clover, be in v phr • [Blend of high cotton + in (the) clover..]
hipskeltered adj • [Perh blend of hipshot + helter-skelter]
hit the jack v phr • [Perh blend of hit the ball 3 + ball the jack 1]
hold v C2b • [Prob a blend of hold a candle to and be a match for..]
hold v C2c • [Prob a blend of hold a candle to and be a patch on]
holomuu n • [Blend of holoku + muumuu]
homekeeper n • [Blend of homemaker + housekeeper]
hoodoodle v • [Perh blend of hoodoo v 2 + doodle to cheat]
hookaroon n • [Blend of hook + pickaroon]
hooky, cut v phr • [Blend of cut school + play hooky]
hope to my die, I exclam • [Prob blend of I hope to die + I hope I may die]
hossname n • [Perh blend of hoss (see horse B3) a person + named]
howbeever adv • [Prob blend of how be it + however..]
hunyak n • [Perh blend of Hun or Hunk Hungarian + Polack]
hurang n • [Perh blend of hue and harangue]
hybolic adj • [..perh blend of hyper- ..+ symbolic]
impity adj • [Perh blend of impudent + uppity]
intestinals n pl • [Prob blend of intestines + internals]
jackalope n • [Blend of jackrabbit 1 + antelope]
jahoo n2 • [Perh blend of Jehu 1 + yahoo]
jamfest n • [Perh blend of gabfest and jam session..]
jeez-wax intj • [Prob blend of jeez and beeswax]
jitneur n • [Prob blend of jitney + chauffeur]
judicule n • [Perh blend of judy (cf judy bag + reticule]
juvember n • [Blend of June + November]
keepsies n pl • [Blend of keeps + -ies 2]
kitty-wampus adv, adj • [Prob blend of kitty-corner adv, adj + wampus]
lara-hoopin adj • [Perh blend of larruping adj 1 + whooping]
log god n • [Perh blend of logcock + lord god]
lot n 3 • [Blend of a lot (of) + lots (of)]
Mainiac n • [Blend of Maine + maniac]
mater bump n • [Perh blend of matter n1 B1 + nature bump]
medinary adj • [Prob blend of medium + ordinary]
mescrew n • [Perh blend of mesquite + screw bean]
mogey v • [Perh blend of mog + mosey]
mosquito doctor n • [Prob blend of mosquito hawk 2a + snake doctor]
narely adv • [Perh blend of not or nary adv + barely]
nimwit n • [Blend of nitwit + dimwit]
nip and go adv phr • [Prob blend of nip and tuck + touch and go]
nobbin n • [Prob blend of nob + noggin]
norate v • [..perh blend of narrate + orate]
oatlage n • [Blend of oats + silage]
odds and endments n pl • [Prob blend of odds and ends + oddments]
or less conj • [Prob blend of or else + unless]
oxheart n • [Blend of oxeye 1a + blackheart 1]
pank v • [Perh blend of pack + spank..]
Podock n • [Prob blend of Podunk 1 + boondock n 1]
prezactly adv • [Blend of precisely and exactly]
pushency n • [Prob blend of push + urgency or emergency]
pussy’s tobacco n • [Blend of pussytoes + ladies’-tobacco]
queerous n • [Prob blend of queer + curious; cf SND querious]
rainberella n • [Joc blend of rain + umbrella]
recomember v • [Blend of recollect + remember]
regard n B • [Prob blend of in regard to + as regards]
reharsh v • [Prob blend of rehearse + rehash]
rehaul v • [Prob blend of repair + overhaul]
remuda n • [..the form remontha in quot 1887 is appar a blend with MexSpan remonta..]
revengeance n • [..here prob reformed as blend of revenge + vengeance]
rip-tail snorter n • [Blend of ring-tail + ripsnorter]
roust v • [Perh blend of rouse + rout..]
run down at the heels adj phr • [Blend of run down + down at the heel(s)]
rusticrat n • [Prob blend of rusticator + aristocrat]
scadoodles n pl • [Blend of scad(s) + oodles]
Scowegian n • [Blend of Scandinavian + Norwegian]
scunnion n • [Appar blend of scallion + onion]
sheboodle n • [Blend of shebang + caboodle]
shurn v • [Perh blend of shun + spurn..]
skew, out of adj phr • [Appar blend of askew + out of kilter and similar phrr]
skinny v • [Blend of shinny v + skin v B3] (MAP)
skittle n1 • [Perh by metath, but perh blend of skillet + kittle]
slantindicular adj, adv • [Blend of slant or slanch (at slaunch) + perpendicular]
slaphazard adj • [Blend of slapdash adj + haphazard]
slimpsy adj • [Prob blend of slim + flimsy..]
slunch v • [Blend of slump (or slouch) + hunch]
snab v • [Perh blend of nab and snag, but cf snabble]
snirt n • [Blend of snow + dirt]
snow v2 • [Prob blend of snum v + swow]
solemncholy adj • [Blend of solemn + melancholy]
splake n • [Blend of speckled + lake]
sprew v • [Perh blend of spray + spew]
squadrol n • [Blend of squad car + patrol]
squeasy adj • [Prob blend of squeamish + queasy; OED2 ➝ 1655]
star-eye(d) grass n • [Appar a blend of star grass 3 + blue-eyed grass 1]
stromp v • [Perh blend of stomp + tramp/tromp]
stunt n • [..perh here a blend of runt + stunted]
sumbleset n • [Blend of somerset + tumble]
summercater n • [Prob blend of summer + rusticator]
sunberella n • [Joc blend of sun + umbrella]
surrogated adj • [Perh blend of serrated + corrugated or malaprop for corrugated]
tarnation n, exclam • [..blend of tarnal + damnation or darnation]
teetering horse n • [Prob blend of teetering board (at teeter v) + ridy-horse 2)..]
Texican n • [Appar Texican Texan (DA 1864 ➝), reinterpreted as blend of Texan + Mexican]
thrin n • [Prob blend of three + twin]
timage n • [Prob blend of timothy + silage]
timber cock n • [Prob blend of timberdoodle + woodcock]
toadmaroon n • [Perh blend of toadstool + musheroon (at mushroom A)]
tumblesault n, v • [Blend of tumble + somersault] (MAP)
tumbleset n, v • [Blend of tumble + somerset] (MAP)
tusk n1 A5 • [Appar blend of tusk n1 + tush n]
umbersol n • [Prob blend of umbrella + parasol]
uppitish adj • [Prob blend of uppity + uppish]
weaver v • [Prob blend of weave + waver]
whindig n • [Perh blend of whingding + shindig]
whirlicue n • [Blend of whirl + curlicue]
work v 2a • [Blend of 1 above with be alive with in same sense]
vog n • [Blend of volcanic + fog or smog]
Block Island See Rhode Island, Block Island
Boston See Massachusetts, Boston
Brazilian Portuguese See Portuguese, Brazilian
British See England
Brooklyn See New York, Brooklyn
Bube See Bantu
Buffalo See New York, Buffalo
C
Cajun French See French, Cajun
abalone v • CA
Adam-and-Eve n 3 • CA
adobe n 4 • SW, esp CA
ajo n • AZ, CA
aliso n 1 • CA
alkali weed n 3 • CA
all-ee all-ee auction free exclam • sCA, HI
all-ee all-ee oxen (all in) free exclam • chiefly West and Gt Lakes, esp CA (MAP)
amole n 1a • CA
Angeleno n • formerly sCA, now more widespread
angel’s-trumpet n 1 • Sth, CA and HI
angry acacia n • AZ, CA, NV
August flower n • CA
batfish n 3 • CA
bayo n 1 • chiefly CA
beavertail grass n • CA
Bigfoot n • chiefly CA
billy owl n • esp CA
black frost n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, C and S Atl, CA (MAP)
blind pig n 1 • chiefly w Inland Nth, CA (MAP and Map Section)
blueblossom n • Pacific, esp CA
blue gum n2 1 • CA
blue myrtle n 1 • chiefly CA
boss dice n • esp CA
buckbrush n 3b • CA
buddhahead n • chiefly HI, also CA
burn v B3 • scattered, but esp NEng, CA
burr clover n • esp CA
burroweed n 2 • CA
calf’s head n • chiefly nCA
campoody n • esp CA
canchalagua n • CA
candy pulling n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast, CA (MAP)
canyon maple n • CA
cascaron n • chiefly CA
chamisal n • CA
chamise n 1 • chiefly CA
chamise brush n • CA
chamise lily n • CA
Charlie’s dead phr • esp CA
checkerbloom n • chiefly CA
chesterfield n 1 • esp CA
chilicothe n • CA
chilipepper n • CA
chinquapin n B3 • chiefly CA, OR
chispa n • CA
chowder n 1 • orig and chiefly NEng, now also Nth, CA, C Atl (MAP)
chubasco n • CA, TX
cioppino n • chiefly CA
Clamper n • chiefly nCA
coarse gold n • chiefly CA
cobra plant n • nCA, swOR
compie n • Pacific, esp CA
con n1 • scattered, but esp NY, CA (MAP)
cooler n 2 • esp CA
corn lily n 3a • West, esp CA
cornmeal bread n • chiefly Nth, CA (MAP)
corral snake n • CA
cougar n • chiefly NW, CA, UT (MAP)
cow county n • CA, NV
cow poison n • chiefly CA
coyote v 1 • esp CA
crevice v • esp CA
desert turtle n • SW, esp sCA
dime, off the adj phr • chiefly CA
dingy adj • chiefly CA, NW
ditch v 1 • esp c,sCA (MAP)
dobe n 5 • West, esp CA
doghole n 2 • nCA, sOR coasts
earthquake weather n • CA
Easter lily n 1 • chiefly CA
E Clampus Vitus n • CA
embarcadero n • chiefly CA
enchilada n • orig SW, CA, but now widely recognized (MAP)
encino n • esp CA
English walnut n • chiefly N and C Atl, CA
escobita n • chiefly CA
estero n • CA
evening-snow n 1 • CA
evergreen oak n b • CA
fag n • scattered, but esp NY, PA, CA
fairy lantern n 1 • CA
fairy lantern n 2 • CA, Pacific NW
fester v • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP and Map Section)
fiesta n • chiefly SW, esp CA, TX
fiesta flower n • CA
filione n • CA
fix v B7 • scattered, but chiefly Atlantic, Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
flattop n 2 • esp CA
fly-fish n • CA
fly-flower n • CA
footsteps-of-spring n • esp CA
free gold n • chiefly CA
French frog n • CA, NV
fuss v C5 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
gallito n 1 • CA
garrupa n • CA
globe lily n • esp CA
go-ahead n 1 • chiefly CA, HI
golden fleece n • esp CA
gold fields n 1 • esp CA
goldwire n • CA
gopher plant n 1 • esp CA
gopher snake n 1 • chiefly West, esp CA, AZ (MAP)
grape stake n • West, esp CA
grassnut n 2 • chiefly CA
grease ant n • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, CA (MAP)
greasewood n 2c • CA
greasewood n 2d • CA
green corn n 2 • scattered, but esp eNEng, Gt Lakes, sCA (MAP)
gulch n 1 • scattered, but esp CA (MAP)
gum plant n 3 • CA
gum tree n 3 • CA
gumweed n 2 • esp CA
halibut n B2 • sCA
Hangtown fry n • CA, WA
header n 1 • chiefly West, esp CA (MAP)
hen and chickens n 1a(2) • chiefly CA
hickory pine n 1 • esp CA
high fog n • chiefly wCA
hog dollar n • chiefly nCA
hoity-toity adj • esp Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
horse mackerel n 3 • CA
hunter n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, CA (MAP)
ice plant n 1 • orig CA, now more widespread
Indian thistle n 2 • CA, Pacific NW
Italian squash n • scattered, but esp CA, SW
jackass brandy n • scattered, but esp CA
jacksnipe n 5 • CA
jacksnipe n 6 • CA
jelly doughnut n • widespread, but esp freq NEast, S Atl, CA (MAP)
jewfish n 1d • CA
johnny-nip n • esp CA
johnny-tuck n • chiefly CA
Johnny verde n • CA
jota n • esp CA, sID, eOR
kelpfish n b • CA
kingfish n 3 • CA
kisses n 2 • CA
Klamath weed n • chiefly CA
laguna n • chiefly TX, CA
laurel n 5 • esp OR, CA
lily bell n 1 • CA
linnet n 4 • West, esp CA
littleneck n 3 • CA
little sugar pine n • CA
live-forever n 4 • chiefly CA
lizard tail n 2 • CA
madrone n • chiefly CA
mahala n • chiefly CA
mahogany n 2c • CA
mariposa lily n • esp CA
marsh sparrow n 2 • CA
maul oak n • esp CA
meadow foam n • chiefly CA
meadowsweet n 3 • CA
medialuna n • CA
mesa oak n • CA
Mexican goose n 1b • esp CA
milquetoast n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
miner’s consumption n • chiefly West, esp CA, NV, CO (MAP)
mission bells n • West, esp CA
mock orange n 2b • chiefly CA
monkey bite n 1 • chiefly CA, also C and S Atl (MAP)
Monterey halibut n • c,sCA coast
moronel n • CA
mosquito bill n • esp CA
mountain balm n 2 • chiefly CA
mountain cat n 3 • CA
mountain jay n 1 • West, esp CA
mountain laurel n 3 • chiefly CA
mountain live oak n • CA
mountain oak n b • West, esp CA
mountain pride n • chiefly CA
mule fat n • CA
mush oak n • CA
musk clover n • esp CA
nigger heaven n 1 • chiefly Nth, Plains States, Rocky Mts, CA (MAP)
niggertoe n 3 • esp CA
Okie n • chiefly Pacific, esp CA (MAP)
one-foot-off-the-gutter n • CA
oven n 2 • chiefly NEast, OH, MI, CA (MAP)
pachuco n • SW, esp sCA, TX
Pacific deer n • CA
panguingue n • AK, NW, CA
parada n • CA, OR, NV
parking n 2a • chiefly NW, Plains States, IA; also N Cent, sCA (MAP)
pea n1 3 • CA
pedro n (pronc) • chiefly Inland Nth (exc Upper MW, NW), CA (MAP)
pelican flower n 2 • CA
pennyroyal n B3 • esp CA
pepper tree n • CA
pepperwood n 1 • CA
periwinkle n2 2 • chiefly Pacific NW, CA
pigeonberry n 7 • CA
Piker n1 • chiefly Pacific Coast, esp CA
pin clover n • esp CA
pine violet n • esp CA
pink bean n • esp CA
pitcher sage n • CA
pitch pine n c(3) • CA
pitch pine n c(5) • CA
pocket n 4 • West, esp CA, NV
pogy n 5 • ceCA, cwNV
poison-oaker n • esp CA
polenta n • formerly esp CA, but now more widely recognized (MAP)
pompano n 2 • chiefly CA
pom-pom-pullaway n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Plains States, Rocky Mts, sCA (MAP)
popcorn flower n • esp CA
pope’s nose n 1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, CA, TX (MAP)
porky n2 • chiefly Nth, nCA (MAP)
Portuguese n, adj • esp sNEng, CA, HI Portagee, Porte(r)gee, Portug(u)ee, Portyg(h)ee (MAP)
potato bug n 4 • CA
potrero n 1 • chiefly CA
prickly phlox n • esp CA
prince’s pine n 1 • esp CA, NW
pro-hi n 1 • scattered, but esp CA
pug n • chiefly NEng, wGt Lakes, CA (MAP)
puncture vine n • West, esp CA (MAP)
punt n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
rancheria grass n • esp CA
rattlesnake weed n 1h • esp CA
red-bellied hawk n • CA
red gum n 2 • CA
red racer n • esp CA
red sage n 1 • chiefly CA
redwood n 2 • orig CA, now widespread
refried beans n pl • orig chiefly sCA, but now widely recognized (MAP)
riffle n1 • chiefly West, esp CA
riffle, make the v phr • orig chiefly West, esp CA; later more widespread
ring-tailed cat n • esp CA, TX
ripgut n 2 • esp CA
roble n • esp CA
rock bass n 2 • CA
rock cod n 3 • esp CA
rock rattlesnake n c • CA
rodeo n (pronc) • esp CA, SW |ˌroˈde-o|
romero n • CA
rooster head n 2 • esp CA
rubber boa n • West, esp CA
sailor’s caps n • CA
salsa n • orig CA, SW, but now widely recognized
sand bass n 1 • CA
sandburr n 2b • esp CA
Santa Ana n • chiefly sCA (MAP)
sea bass n 2 • chiefly CA
sea spinach n • CA
*see v B3a • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
shovel-nosed shark n 2 • CA
skew- pref a • chiefly Nth, CA (MAP)
skew- pref c • esp Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
skibby n • chiefly CA, Pacific NW
skipjack n 1k • esp CA, HI
slash n2 • chiefly Nth, nCA
slim Solomon n • esp CA
slippery elm n 2 • CA
sluice n • chiefly West, esp CA, AR
smelt n 2a • CA
snail n • esp CA (MAP)
snipe v 2 • chiefly AK, CA
soap plant n 1 • esp CA
soap plant n 4 • CA
soaproot n 1 • esp CA
Southland n • sCA
*sowbelly n • widespread, but less freq N and Mid Atl, PA, c,sCA (MAP)
spikeweed n • esp CA
splatter-ass n • CA, NV, OR
squato n • CA
squirrel hawk n 1 • esp CA
star tulip n • esp CA
steam beer n • orig chiefly CA, now widely known
stinkbug n b(3) • esp CA
stobber n 2 • CA
striped bass n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Atlantic, Lower Missip Valley, CA (MAP)
sundowner n 2 • sCA
tamale n1 • orig chiefly SW, CA, but now widely recognized (MAP)
tamale pie n • orig chiefly SW, esp CA; now more widely recognized (MAP)
tamarack n 2 • esp CA
thimbleberry n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, NW, nCA (MAP)
three-step n • chiefly Gt Lakes, NW, CA (MAP)
tiger lily n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, nCA (MAP)
timber rattlesnake n 2 • chiefly CA
to prep B1c • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP and Map Section)
tomcod n 2b(2) • CA
*trace n2 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, Cent, Rocky Mts, nCA (MAP)
tree poppy n 2 • CA
tree yucca n • chiefly CA
tule n 1 • chiefly Pacific (esp CA), SW
tule n 2 • chiefly Pacific, esp CA (MAP)
tule fog n • chiefly CA
tule mint n • CA
tule potato n • CA
tule rooter n 1 • CA
tuna n1 • West, esp TX, CA
turkey mullein n • chiefly CA
Turkish rugging n • CA
valley fever n • SW, esp CA
valley jay n • CA
vino n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, esp CA (MAP)
white perch n 6 • CA
wild alfalfa n 1 • CA
wild anise n 1 • CA
wild lettuce n 4 • CA
wild lilac n 1 • CA
wild onion n 2a • CA
windmill pink n • esp CA
wishbone bush n • esp CA
witch v • chiefly N Cent, Cent, nCA (MAP)
witches' teeth n • CA
wokas n • chiefly sOR, nCA
wriggler n 1 • esp Inland Nth, PA, CA (MAP)
yellow broom n 2 • esp CA
yellowtail rockfish n • chiefly CA
you betcha adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA, TX; now esp Upper MW, NW (MAP)
zanja n • sCA, AZ
zanjero n • sCA, AZ
calque; also loan translation
all both pron • [Perh an African calque..]
all two adj, pron, conj • [..prob calques..]
alphabet n • [Calque from Japanese or Korean..]
already adv B1 • [Calque: through PaGer from Ger schon already, yet, so far]
already adv B2 • [Calque: ult from Ger schon as transmitted independently by PaGer schun and Yidd shoyn]
angels on horseback n pl • [Loan-transl of Fr anges à cheval..]
battle n2 • [Calque from Fr bataille battle, a card game]
be v B2a(3) • [Loan transl from Ger Ich bin]
burn v B7 • [Cantonese calque]
cook v 1 • [Prob calque from Ger kochen, Sw koka, Nor koke,..]
cook cheese n • [Calque from Ger Kochkäse]
crack one’s teeth v phr • [Afr calque..]
crack seed n • [Chinese calque]
cut-eye n, v • [..prob loan transl of an Afr idiom..]
dress around v phr • [Calque..]
dress out v phr • [Calque..]
eat oneself (done) v phr • [Calque from PaGer..]
eye n2 • [Calque from Haw maka mesh..]
fire v C1b • [Calque from Haw ahi n “fire,” v “to burn”]
first breakfast n • [Perh calque < Ger erstes Frühstück..]
give v B1 • calque of Ger geben to give
groundhog n 1 • [Perh calque from Du aertoercken arch var of aardvarken..”earth pig”] (MAP)
hand cheese n • [Calque of handkäse]
house blessing n • [Calque of Ger Haussegen wall text]
jalousie n • [..the form jealousy..is either a calque or folk-etym]
keep v B4 • [Calque of PaGer uf(f)halde]
land rain n • [Calque of Ger Landregen (PaGer landrejje, landregge) a steady rain]
little n C2 • [Calque of Ger von klein auf (or an), PaGer vun glee uff]
live-forever n 3 • [Calque of the generic Sempervivum..]
liver sausage n • [Calque of Ger leberwurst] (MAP)
liverwurst n • [Partial calque of Ger Leberwurst] (MAP)
lock open v phr • [Calque of PaGer uffschliesse, Ger aufschliessen]
longsome adj • [Prob calque of Ger langsam slow..]
look v B6 • [Calque of PaGer..]
lost bread n • [Calque of Fr pain perdu]
make v1 C18 • [Calque of Fr faire]
make v1 D24 • [Calque of PaGer wacker mache]
make v1 D27 • [Calque of PaGer..]
make v1 D32 • [Calques of Ger zumachen, as in “Mach die Tür zu!”]
make down v phr 3 • [Calque of PaGer..]
make out v phr 3 • [Calque of Ger ausmachen..]
make out v phr 6 • [Calque of Ger ausmachen]
me pron 5 • [Calque of Fr constr]
on prep B12a • [Prob calque of Ger auf, an]
on prep B12b • [Usu calque of Ger an;..perh calque of Haw ma on, at]
once adv B • [Prob calque of Ger einmal, but cf EDD]
owl’s claws n • [Calque of the Navaho name..]
paint adj • [Calque from AmSpan pinto spotted..] (MAP)
pan-rabbit n • [Calque from panhas]
pass v 3 • [Calque of Fr passer]
Pele’s hair n • [Calque of Haw lauoho o Pele..]
Pele’s tear n • [Calque of Haw waimaka o Pele..]
peppernut n • [Calque of pfeffernuss..]
potato sausage n • [Calque of Sw potatiskorv]
rainworm n 1 • [..prob calque of Ger Regenwurm]
reach v1 B3 • [Prob calque of PaGer reeche, Ger reichen..]
refried beans n pl • [Calque of MexSpan frijoles refritos] (MAP)
sacred bark n • [Calque of AmSpan cascara sagrada]
save v B2 • [Calque of LaFr sauver..]
second Christmas (Day) n • [Calque of Ger zweiter Weihnachtstag, PaGer zwette Grischdâk, or Du tweede Kerstdag]
sheep buck n • [Calque of Ger Schafbock]
sheepshead n 5 • [Calque of schafskopf] (MAP)
shoespoon n • [Calque of Ger Schuhlöffel]
shunning n • [Calque of Ger Meidung]
snake guarder n • [Calque of PaGer schlangehieter]
snake heeder n • [Partial calque of PaGer schlangehieter, literally ``snake guarder'']
sow and pigs n • [..a calque of Ger Sauball for the same game] (MAP)
stable n 1 • [..primarily a calque of Ger Schweinestall < Stall..]
stand v 2 • [Prob calque of var foreign idioms..]
stand v 3 • [Calque of an idiom found in most Germanic languages other than English]
stand up v phr • [Calque of Ger aufstehen..]
still adv 2 • [Calque of..PaGer..advs..based on obs still continually, invariably..]
stink cheese n • [Calque (and partial calque) of PaGer schtinkkaes..]
straw widow n • [Prob calque of Ger Strohwitwe]
swan potato n • [Calque of the name in Ojibway..]
sweetwood n 2 • [Calque of Ger Süßholz (PaGer siesshols)]
thick milk n • [Prob calque of PaGer dickemilich or Ger Dickmilch..] (MAP)
three-foot n • [Calque of PaGer Dreifuss]
tie loose v phr • [Calque of Ger losbinden (PaGer losbinne)]
till prep B4 • [Mostly calque of (Pa)Ger bis (prep, conj) till, by (the time that)..]
till conj C2 • [Calque of (Pa)Ger bis..]
to prep B5 • [Calque from Ger zu..]
toe n1 1 • [Prob calque of Ger Zeh toe, clove (of garlic)]
trembling earth n • [Calque of Seminole okefinokee]
under through prep phr • [Calque of PaGer or Du; see quots]
water out v phr 2 • [Prob calque of Norw utvanne]
water smeller n • [Calques of Ger Wasserschmecker, Wasserriecher]
what for (a) adj phr • [In some areas obviously a calque of Ger was für (ein)..]
wildcat grass n • [Appar calque of LaFr paille (à) chat-tigre]
wildfire n • [..here a calque of PaGer wildfeier (Ger Wildfeuer)]
wolfbean n • [Calque of Ger Wolf(s)bohne..]
wolf grape n • [Calque of Arabic name for a species of Solanum..]
wonder v1 1 • [..in the majority of quots they are clearly calques of PaGer idioms..]
year v2 • [Calque of PaGer sich jaehre to have one's birthday anniversary]
yet adv, conj B4 • [Prob calque of Ger (and PaGer) doch]
Canadian; Dictionary of Canadianisms
appola n • [Cf DCan appalat in similar sense, from French apala titbit..]
babiche n • [..DCan 1806➝]
baboune n 2 • (Cf DCan)
back forty, the n • Cf DCan
baked-apple berry n • [..DCan 1775➝]
banker n 2 • [DCan 1777➝]
bateau n B • (Cf DCan..)
berlot n • Cf DCan
bluenose n 1 • Cf DCan
bluff n1 b • [..cf DCan]
booshway n • Cf DCan booshway
booya n • [..see DCan bouillon]
broom ball n • [Cf DCan 1933➝]
brulé n 1 • Cf DCan
Canada bird n • [DCan 1866➝]
Canada corn n • [DCan 1819➝]
Canada jay n • [DCan 1772➝]
Canada lynx n • [DCan 1820➝]
Canadian dogwood n • [DCan 1947➝]
Canadian thistle n 1 • [DCan 1822➝]
Canuck n • See also DCan (MAP)
carcajou n 1 • [DCan 1703➝]
cheater n 2 • See also DCan
chinook n B1 • [DCan 1833➝]
choo intj • Cf DCan choo a call to sled dogs
chuck n4 • [..DCan 1860➝]
coho salmon n • [..DCan 1808➝]
deacon seat n 2 • Cf DCan
dew worm n • [Prob from CanEngl (DCan 1889➝)..] (MAP)
dogan n • [..DCan dogan 1854➝]
dog driver n 1 • [DCan 1857➝]
dog musher n • Cf DCan
end town n • [Cf DCan end of steel a. 2, end-of-steel town]
Ephraim n • Cf DCan
fobs n pl • [..cf Can fobble (DN 1.388)]
fog mull n • Cf DCan
frost boil n 1 • Cf..DCan
galette n • [Fr “(sea) biscuit”; DCan 1843➝]
gee pole n • Cf DCan
golden eagle n • [DCan 1784➝]
gore n1 • Cf DCan
ground cedar n 2 • [DCan 1832➝..]
ground chuck n • [..DCan “Obs.”]
ground juniper n • [DCan 1793➝]
habitant n • [..DCan 1789➝]
ice-out n • Cf DCan
ice worm n • Cf DCan
inconnu n • [..DCan 1806 ➝]
Indian breadroot n • [..DCan 1852 ➝]
Indian devil n 2 • [DCan 1853 ➝]
jackpot n 1 • [DCan 1887 ➝..]
kokanee (salmon) n • Cf DCan
land otter n • [DCan 1828 ➝]
lowbush cranberry n • [DCan 1833 ➝]
lucivee n • [..cf DCan loup-cervier 1744 ➝; lucivee 1774 ➝]
lush n • Cf DCan
mal de raquette n • [..DCan 1821]
Manitoba maple n • Cf DCan
maple bush n • Cf DCan
maple camp n • Cf DCan
maple molasses n • Cf DCan
maria n • [DCan 1909 ➝]
marsh hare n • [DCan 1930]
marsh hawk n 1 • [DCan 1772 ➝]
marsh rat n 2 • [DCan c1902]
meadow hen n 2 • [DCan 1896]
memaloose adj, n • Cf DCan (at mamaloos)
methy n • [..DCan 1743 ➝]
metis n • Cf DCan
moccasin telegraph n • Cf..DCan
mooseberry n • [DCan 1789 ➝]
moosemise n 1 • [DCan 1861 ➝]
moose shank n • Cf DCan
moss heather n • Cf DCan
mountain cat n 1 • [DCan c1665 ➝ for the lynx]
mouse bush n • [Cf..DCan mouse ear..]
muck n1 2 • [DCan 1897 (in placer mining)]
mush v2 • Cf DCan
muskeg n • [CanEngl < Algonquian (Ojibway mashkig, Cree mashkek)]
muskellunge n • [..DCan (at maskinonge) 1761 ➝]
neck v 2 • Cf DCan
nitchie n • Cf DCan
paring bee n • Cf DCan
pathmaster n • [DCan 1799 ➝]
pea soup n 2 • [DCan peasoup a French Canadian..]
pigeonberry n 2 • [DCan 1822 ➝..]
pine marten n • [DCan 1772 ➝]
pin-tailed grouse n • [DCan pintail grouse 1819 ➝]
plank road n • [DCan 1839 ➝]
rampike n • Cf DCan
rat n 1 • [DCan 1584 ➝] (MAP)
redberry n k • [DCan 1933, 1953]
red pine n 1a • [DCan 1767 ➝]
red salmon n • [DCan 1859 ➝]
red willow n • [DCan 1743 ➝]
Red River maple n • [DCan 1887 ➝ for Acer negundo]
rock elm n 1 • [DCan 1830 ➝]
salt banking vbl n • Cf..DCan salt-banker, DNE salt trip
saltchuck n • Cf..DCan
saskatoon n • [Of Algonquian orig;..DCan 1810 ➝]
silver thaw n • [DCan 1770 ➝]
skidway n b • Cf DCan skidway 1a, b
skookum adj • Cf DCan
skookum n • Cf DCan
skookum chuck n • Cf ..DCan
skookum house n • Cf DCan
sleigh n 2 • Cf ..DCan (MAP)
sloven n • [Of eCanadian origin < Ir sleamhnán sledge]
snake room n • Cf DCan
spike pitcher n • [..cf DCan]
spruce partridge n • [DCan 1771 ➝]
squaw hitch n 1 • [DCan 1887 ➝]
stinking willie n 1 • [A Scots name..used also in eCanada..]
stubble jumper n • Cf..DCan
stump logging n • [Cf DCan stumper quot 1908 ‘‘Many trees..would drop right into water from the stumps when felled’’]
stump ranch n • [DCan stump ranch 1919, stump rancher 1963]
sugary n • [DCan 1832 ➝; transl of CanFr sucrerie]
Swede n 3 • [..cf DCan]
teaberry n 1 • [DCan 1796] (MAP)
tillicum n • Cf DCan
timber wolf n 1 • [DCan 1860 ➝]
tin dog n • [..also DCan tin dog 1953]
togue n • [Cf DCan]
traineau n • Cf DCan
tuladi n • [DCan 1846 ➝..]
tullibee n • [DCan 1789 ➝]
tumpline n • Cf DCan
tuque n • [CanFr tuque < Fr toque;..DCan 1882 ➝]
twinberry n 2 • [DCan 1823 ➝]
velvet duck n • [DCan 1823 for Melanitta fusca..]
wanigan n • Cf DCan
wavey n • Cf..DCan
whiskey jack n • [..cf DCan] (MAP)
whistling duck n 1 • Cf DCan
willow grouse n 1 • [DCan 1823 ➝]
willow grouse n 4 • [DCan 1907 ➝]
Winnipeg goldeye n • [DCan 1954 ➝]
wire birch n • [DCan 1917 ➝]
Canadian French See French, Canadian
burn v B7 • [Cantonese calque]
pake n, adj • [Prob < Cantonese dial..]
sai-min n • [Prob Cantonese..]
Cape Cod See Massachusetts, Cape Cod
Carib; Island Carib
caouane n • [AmFr caouane ..Cf AmSpan caguama < Carib..]
coco plum n • [coco, from Span icaco, ult from Island Carib hikáku..]
latanier n • [Fr latanier, ult of Carib origin]
chigger n • [Alter of Cariban chigoe]
periagua n • [Varr of Span , ult of Cariban origin]
pirogue n • [Fr < Span piragua, of Cariban origin] (MAP)
Caribbean; Dictionary of Caribbean English Usage
apple banana n • [..name prob adopted with the fruit from the Caribbean..]
broadus n • [..=Caribbean creole braata..]
cut-eye n, v • [Caribbean Creole..]
poppy show n • [..widespread in Caribbean and W Afr creoles..]
soul-case n • Cf DCEU..
stay v 3 • Cf..DCEU stay 3, 4
suck one's teeth v phr • vocal “gesture”..in Black cultures in Africa, the Caribbean, and the US
suck-teeth n • [Cf DJE, DCEU]
thrash hut n • [Cf..DCEU trash n1 2...]
tow v • Cf.. DCEU
ugly n D1a • [This proverb appears to be widespread in the Caribbean: cf DCEU, DJE (1803 ➝).]
what make (so) adv phr • Cf..DCEU wha[t]1 2.8
what side adv phr • Cf DBE, DJE (at what side), DCEU (at wisside)
wonder-of-the-world root n • [..in parts of the Caribbean the..name is applied to..Kalanchoe pinnata.]
yaupon n • [yopún dimin of Catawba yop tree]
muley adj, n2 • [..ult of Celtic origin...]
mull adj, n1 • [..ult of Celtic origin]
-a • chiefly wNEng south through NC (exc NYC and Philadelphia areas), Cent and SW
belly-buster n, adv 2 • chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent (MAP and Map Section)
black man n 2 • chiefly N Cent, Cent (MAP)
blister bug n • chiefly TX, Cent (MAP)
bull nettle n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Cent, TX, LA (MAP)
burg n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Cent (MAP)
burr n1 3 • chiefly Cent, Missip-Ohio Valleys, TX (MAP)
burr oak n • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, Cent (MAP)
cat and mouse n 1 • chiefly Upper MW, WI, Cent (MAP)
chat n3 • Cent
civvy cat n • chiefly SW, Cent
democrat bug n • Upper Missip Valley, Cent
doodlebug n 6b • chiefly Gulf States, Cent, N Midl (MAP)
*dray n 2 • widespread, but less freq S Midl, Cent
dry-land turtle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, SW (MAP and Map Section)
everlasting yeast n • chiefly Cent, TX (MAP)
extension club n • chiefly Cent, N Cent
farm-to-market road n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Cent (MAP)
fishworm n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, Cent (MAP)
fool v 1b • scattered, but chiefly S Midl, Gulf States, Cent (MAP)
fraid hole n • chiefly Cent
French harp n 1 • chiefly W Midl, TX, Cent (MAP)
fresno n 2 • chiefly West, Cent
hard-shell turtle n • chiefly N Cent, Cent, Gulf States (MAP)
hedge n • chiefly N Cent, Cent (MAP)
hog wire n • scattered, but esp S Atl, Gulf States, Cent (MAP)
holiness adj • chiefly Sth, Midl, Cent (MAP)
kinfolk n pl • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
knot n1 3 • chiefly Sth, Midl, Cent (MAP)
literary n • chiefly Cent
lumber wagon n • chiefly Nth, Cent (MAP)
monkey stove n • chiefly Cent
*nanny n1 • scattered exc nNEng, Upper MW, Cent (MAP)
parasol n B1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
peony n1 2 (pronc) • chiefly Cent, Mid Atl, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
pill n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NCent, Cent, West (MAP)
pine snake n 1 • chiefly Mid and S Atl, Cent
pitch n2 1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY, Delmarva, Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
pitchfork n 3c • chiefly N Cent, Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
pound party n 1 • chiefly Midl, Cent
*quits exclam • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl, SW, Cent (MAP)
scissortail n 1 • esp TX, Cent (MAP)
scoop shovel n 1 • esp Cent, Upper MW
scour v • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, Cent
silk-stocking n attrib • scattered, but esp Gulf States, TX, Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
smartweed n • widespread, but chiefly Midl, N Cent, Cent (MAP)
snap v 2a • esp Upper MW, Cent
*snowing down South, it's phr • widespread, but less freq Sth, Cent (MAP)
socks, throw up one's v phr • scattered, but esp Cent, TX (MAP)
soddy n 1 • chiefly Cent, esp KS, NE
sooey exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
straight wind n • esp Cent (MAP)
striped wasp n • esp Cent (MAP)
sun perch n • chiefly S Midl, Lower Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
sweat bee n 1 • chiefly Midl, Gt Lakes, Cent (MAP)
*trace n2 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, Cent, Rocky Mts, nCA (MAP)
trailer truck n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp NEast; also TX, Cent (MAP and Map Section)
trotline n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, W Midl, Cent, TX, SC (MAP)
tush n C1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent, TX; scattered NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
velvet-tail n 1 • esp Cent; also AL
wear v B3b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, Cent (MAP)
whaley n 1 • chiefly Cent, S Midl
who laid the chunk phr • chiefly TX, Cent
wild alfalfa n 2 • chiefly Cent, Upper MW
witch v • chiefly N Cent, Cent, nCA (MAP)
work v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent (MAP)
Central African See African, Central
alewife n • chiefly C Atl, N Atl, Gt Lakes
amongst you pron • chiefly C Atl
Anthony-over n, exclam • chiefly C Atl, N Midl
antymire n • chiefly N Atl, C Atl, sAppalachians
baitfish n • chiefly Atl, esp C Atl, N Atl
barefooted adj 1 • chiefly Mid and C Atl, Ohio Valley (MAP)
barrack n • chiefly NY, C Atl
bateau n B2 • chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
be v B2a(3) • chiefly C Atl
belly-whopper n, v, adv 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NY, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
black drum n • chiefly C and S Atl
black duck n 1 • chiefly NEast, Mid and C Atl (MAP)
blackfish n 1 • chiefly N and C Atl
blackfish n 2 • chiefly Mid and C Atl
black frost n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, C and S Atl, CA (MAP)
black will n • C Atl
bloodworm n 1 • chiefly C and Mid Atl (MAP)
breeze v • chiefly N Atl, C Atl
brethren n pl B • chiefly C Atl and Ohio River Valley
buck bathing pple, vbl n • C Atl coast
buffalo n B1 • chiefly C Atl, NC (MAP)
bugeye n2 • chiefly C Atl coast, esp Chesapeake Bay (MAP)
bunker n1 • N and C Atl
buzzard n • esp C Atl
cake turner n • chiefly C Atl, eN Midl (MAP)
can n 3c • chiefly NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
certain adv B1 • esp NEng, also C and S Atl
chicory n 1 • chiefly Nth, C Atl
chowder n 1 • orig and chiefly NEng, now also Nth, CA, C Atl (MAP)
co-ee v phr • chiefly C Atl, S Atl
count n • chiefly C Atl
coy v • C Atl
crack n 2 • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
crow duck n 2 • esp C Atl
cruller n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
diamondback terrapin n • chiefly C and S Atl
dog fly n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl, AL (MAP)
double bar n • esp C Atl
double singletree n • scattered, but esp C and S Atl (MAP)
*doughball n 2 • scattered, but less freq NEast, C and S Atl, Pacific (MAP)
drain n1 C1 • scattered, but esp Mid and C Atl (MAP)
dry wall n • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
dual highway n • scattered, but chiefly Mid and C Atl (MAP)
eel rack n • C and N Atl
English walnut n • chiefly N and C Atl, CA
escarole n • chiefly N and C Atl
fastland n • chiefly C Atl coast
*faucet n B1 • formerly chiefly Nth; now widespread, but less freq Mid and C Atl
field hawk n • chiefly SE, C Atl
fisherman n 1 • chiefly C Atl coast
five-and-ten n 1 • widespread, but more freq NEast, C Atl
fresh n 3 • C Atl
fyke n • orig chiefly NY, NEng; now chiefly C Atl coast
garvey n • chiefly C Atl coast, esp NJ
get up there v phr • scattered, but esp N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
G.I. haircut n • scattered, but more freq C and Mid Atl, SE (MAP)
grandma n A6 • chiefly C Atl (MAP)
grandpa n A5 • scattered, but chiefly C Atl, NY (MAP)
grass sack n • chiefly C Atl, Lower Missip Valley, Ohio Valley (MAP)
grassy adj • chiefly C Atl (MAP)
guano sack n • chiefly C and S Atl
guinea keet n 1 • esp C Atl
gust n • esp C Atl
hairy head n • chiefly C and S Atl
hamburg n 1 • chiefly NEast, C Atl, OH, MI (MAP)
hang v B2 • scattered, but esp C Atl, Ohio Valley (MAP)
haul v 1 • chiefly N and C Atl
hay barrack n • chiefly NEast, C Atl
heaves n pl • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
hedgehog n 2 • chiefly NEast, C Atl
hickory poplar n • chiefly C and Mid Atl
*highway n • widespread, but less freq N Cent, NEast, C Atl (MAP)
high yellow n • scattered, but chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
hogchoker n • esp C and Mid Atl
holey adj • esp S Midl, C Atl (MAP)
horse stable n • chiefly NEast, C Atl, eGt Lakes (MAP)
howsomever adv 1 • scattered, but chiefly S and C Atl, S Midl
huckster n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, C Atl, NEast exc nNEng (MAP)
hummock n 3 • C Atl
kernel n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl; also Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
kick v B3 • esp C Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
kiln n • esp C Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
kindling n • esp N and C Atl
king n 2 • esp N and C Atl (MAP)
*kitchen broom n • scattered, but less freq C and Mid Atl, SE (MAP)
land frog n • chiefly Midl, C Atl (MAP)
land turtle n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
lark n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly C and S Atl
levy n1 • chiefly C Atl
local preacher n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, C Atl (MAP)
log cart n • esp C and S Atl (MAP)
loggerhead n 3 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
log wagon • scattered, but esp Lower Missip Valley, Ohio Valley, C Atl (MAP)
long drawers n pl • scattered, but chiefly SE, C Atl, seNY (MAP)
long jeans n pl • scattered, but esp C Atl, NEast (MAP)
longshat pine n • C Atl
low beam n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, C Atl, West (MAP)
ma n A3 (pronc) • esp SC, C Atl (MAP)
marsh rabbit n 2 • chiefly C Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
meat platter n • chiefly N Cent, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
monkey bite n 1 • chiefly CA, also C and S Atl (MAP)
mouth organ n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Inland Nth, C Atl; also S Atl, SW (MAP and Map Section)
*mumblety-peg n 2 • widespread, but less freq NEast, C Atl (MAP)
musquash n • chiefly C and N Atl, esp NEng
necessary n • scattered, but chiefly NEng, Mid and C Atl
newground n 1a • chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
newsy adj • chiefly C Atl, esp PA
nigger pine n 1 • chiefly C and Mid Atl, sAppalachians
*out n F2a • scattered exc NEast, C Atl (MAP)
oyster-cracker n 2 • C Atl
parlor n B1 • scattered, but esp C Atl, N Cent, NW (MAP)
pattypan squash n • scattered, but esp C Atl (MAP)
pavement n • scattered, but chiefly C Atl, esp sePA; also Gulf States
peanut heaven n • chiefly OH, PA, C Atl (MAP)
penknife n • chiefly N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
*picture show n • widespread, but less freq NEast, C Atl, Pacific (MAP)
pine barren n • C and S Atl
pipe, take the v phr • esp NYC, C Atl (MAP)
piss-a-bed n 1 • chiefly C and N Atl exc NEng (MAP)
plant v 3 • esp N and C Atl coast
pluck n 1 • esp NEast, C Atl
*Podunk n 1 • scattered, but less freq C and S Atl, West (MAP)
pooey exclam • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Upper MW; also C Atl (MAP)
*potluck meal n • widespread, but less freq Sth, C Atl, NY (MAP and Map Section)
powder room n • scattered, but more freq C Atl, Midl (MAP)
punk n2 2 • formerly chiefly N and C Atl; now esp PA (MAP)
railbird n • chiefly N and C Atl
rams n • chiefly C Atl (MAP)
*rattlesnake n 1 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
reedbird n 1 • esp C Atl (MAP)
Robin Hood’s barn, go (all the way) around v phr • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, C Atl, WV (MAP)
rock n1 5 • chiefly Upper Missip and Ohio Valleys, C and S Atl (MAP)
rockfish n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl
rotten adj 1 • scattered, but esp C Atl, N Cent (MAP)
round potato n • esp C Atl
route n A1 (pronc) • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
route n B1 • chiefly NEast, WV, OH, IL, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
rum-dum n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, C Atl (MAP)
rummy n 1 • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
*running off (at the bowels) n • widespread exc NEast, C Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
saddle horse n • scattered, but esp C and Mid Atl (MAP)
sandburr n 1 • chiefly West, Upper MW, N Cent, C Atl
sandworm n • chiefly N and C Atl
sawmill, born in a adj phr • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
*scoot v 2 • widespread exc NEast, C Atl (MAP)
scrapple n • scattered, but chiefly Midl, esp PA, MD, C Atl (MAP)
sea foam n 1 • esp PA, Mid and C Atl, N Cent (MAP)
sheep burr n • scattered, but chiefly C and Mid Atl (MAP)
shell road n • chiefly C and S Atl, LA, seTX (MAP)
shoestring n 3 • chiefly NYC, C Atl (MAP)
shouting Methodist n • scattered, but esp C Atl, PA, OH, WV (MAP)
sickness n • scattered, but esp C and Mid Atl (MAP)
Charleston See South Carolina, Charleston
catoosa bass n • [Prob for Catoosa Co., Georgia, from the Cherokee language..]
conohany n • [Cherokee kanahena..]
conutchie n • [Cf Cherokee kanataluhi..]
cullowhee n • [Cherokee gûlâhí a plant..]
divide the blankets v phr • [In ref to a Cherokee wedding ceremony in which a couple carries two “united blankets” to their new cabin]
sochan n • [Cherokee sochani]
stacey salad n • [Folk-etym for Cherokee ustesgi + salad]
talala bird n • [Cherokee talala woodpecker]
back fin n • Chesapeake Bay area
biter n 1 • Chesapeake Bay
booby owl n • Chesapeake Bay
brogan n 3 • Chesapeake Bay
buck net n • Chesapeake Bay
bugeye n2 • chiefly C Atl coast, esp Chesapeake Bay (MAP)
crab scrape n • Chesapeake Bay
doubler n 4 • Chesapeake Bay
float n 6 • Chesapeake Bay
imperial crab n • Chesapeake Bay area
jimmy n 3 • Chesapeake Bay, VA and NC coasts
lemon-belly n • Chesapeake Bay
log canoe n • Chesapeake Bay
maiden n • Chesapeake Bay
maulhead n 1 • Chesapeake Bay
mudlark v • Chesapeake Bay
oyster toad n • Chesapeake Bay
prog v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Chesapeake Bay
progger n • esp Chesapeake Bay
ram n 2 • Chesapeake Bay
rock n1 3 • esp Chesapeake Bay
scrape n 3 • Chesapeake Bay
scrape v B2 • Chesapeake Bay
scraper n1 2b • Chesapeake Bay
sea nettle n • chiefly Chesapeake Bay
sea-ore n • esp Chesapeake Bay
silk crab n • Chesapeake Bay MD
skipjack n 3 • esp Chesapeake Bay
slab n 4 • chiefly Chesapeake Bay
snowball n 4 • Chesapeake Bay
sook n • chiefly Chesapeake Bay
sponge crab n • Chesapeake Bay
stinging nettle n 2 • chiefly Chesapeake Bay
sugar toad n • Chesapeake Bay
tippet n • Chesapeake Bay
tongs n pl • chiefly Chesapeake Bay
water celery n 1 • esp Chesapeake Bay
waterman n • Chesapeake Bay
whale crab n • chiefly Chesapeake Bay
whitebelly n 3 • Chesapeake Bay
wop n2 • Chesapeake Bay
Chicago See Illinois, Chicago
abasicky intj • Among children: naughty! Shame on you!
aunt n B3 • In Mormon polygamous families: the term of address used by children
ballow v • Among children: to lay claim to (something)
hockey n2, v • esp freq among children
it ain’t done it phr • esp freq among children
chink n3 • [Alter and abbr of Chinese ching-ching..]
crack seed n • [Chinese calque]
cumshaw n • [Chinese (Amoy) pidgin]
ginseng n • [Chinese jen2-shen1]
grub hyson n • [grub root + Chinese hyson a type of green tea]
wonder-of-the-world root n • [..a book name—once alleged to be a translation of the Chinese name—for ginseng]
cha-muck-a-muck n • [Cf Chinook jargon muck-a-muck food]
cheechako n • [Chinook jargon]
chinook n B1 • compounded from..Chinook
chuck n4 • [Chinook jargon..]
chum salmon n • [?Chinook jargon tsum, tzum spots, writing]
cuitan n • [Chinook Jargon]
cultus adj • [Chinook Jargon]
eulachon n • [Chinook Jargon ulâkân]
geoduck n • [Chinook Jargon]
high-muck-a-muck n 1 • [Chinook Jargon hiu plenty + muckamuck food]
hiyu adj • [Chinook Jargon hiu plenty]
hump puss n • [Chinook humm opoots stinking tail]
icta n • [Chinook Jargon..]
killapie adj, n • [Chinook Jargon]
klootchman n • [Chinook Jargon “woman, female”]
memaloose adj, n • [Chinook Jargon memaloost < Chinook memalust to die, dead]
mowitch n • [Chinook Jargon]
muck-a-muck n • [Chinook Jargon]
potlatch n • [Chinook Jargon..]
potlatch v • [Chinook Jargon..]
salal n • [Chinook Jargon]
saltchuck n • [salt + Chinook Jargon chuck n4]
shallon n • [Of Chinook origin..]
Siwash n • [Chinook Jargon < CanFr sauvage an American Indian]
skeezicks n • [Cf 1863 Gibbs Chinook Jargon 23..]
skookum adj • [Chinook Jargon]
skookum chuck n • [Chinook Jargon < skookum adj + chuck n4]
soopolallie n • [Chinook Jargon]
tillicum n • [Chinook Jargon tilikum people < Chinook tilxam]
tolo n • [Cf..Chinook Jargon tolo to earn, win]
tyee n • [Chinook Jargon tyee a chief]
wapato n • [Chinook Jargon wappatoo..]
appaloosa n2 • [Prob from Choctaw apolusa ‘to be daubed,’ referring to the mottled appearance of the fish]
bashaw n • [..perh related to Choctaw basha “marked, a mark” in reference to the mottled skin..]
bayou n • [LaFr from Choctaw bayuk creek, river]
bobbasheely n • [Alter of Choctaw itibapishili my brother]
bogue n • [From Choctaw bog, bok creek, stream]
catawba n • [Choctaw katapa separated..]
chickee n1 • [Prob from Creek; perh akin to Choctaw chuka house]
sacalait n • [LaFr, by folk-etym..from Choctaw sakli..]
skully n1 • [Choctaw iskli a dime, a ninepence, a bit < escalin]
kamleika n • [Perh Chukchi kemlilyun]
Cincinnati See Ohio, Cincinnati
jib-jab v • [Perh clipped form of jibber-jabber..]
jim town n • [Perh clipped form of jimcrack shoddy, flimsy + town..]
jit n2 • [Clipped form of jitney n 1]
coalescence; coalescing (See also blend)
biddy n3 • [Prob coalescence of biddy n1 and beedie..]
bounce n • [Prob coalescence of Engl dial bonce a large marble, a marble game, and bounce v]
broadus n • [..perh by coalescence of brotta..(EDD) with AmSpan barata..]
bugger n1 • coalescence in form and sense of ME bougre heretic and bugge
crook n1 • [Prob alter of crick ..coalescing with Engl dial crook..]
cunner n2 • [Perh by coalescence of canoe, ult from Arawak, with Gullah ˈ kunu, ult Afr..]
cut one’s eyes v phr • [Prob coalescence of..cut to cleave, slash.. and cut-eye n, v]
abeam adj • coastal NEng
adrift adj • chiefly coastal NEng
afoul of prep • chiefly coastal NEng
all both pron • chiefly coastal SC
astern the lighter adj phr • coastal NEng, esp Nantucket
avast v • chiefly coastal NEng
back v 6 • Atlantic, esp coastal NEng
barvel n • NEng, esp coastal ME
bird n A1 (pronc) • esp coastal Sth, NYC, eNEng,
brass ankle n • chiefly coastal SC
buckra n • chiefly coastal SC and GA
bung up and bilge free adj phr • coastal NEng
cooter n (pronc) • coastal SC and GA,
deepwater adj • esp coastal ME
duff n 1 • chiefly coastal NEng
following ppl adj • chiefly coastal
grease n (pronc) • esp coastal SC, GA, FL
jigger n1 1 • coastal NEng
joe flogger n • coastal MS, ME
keel up v phr • esp coastal NEng
nubble n • esp coastal ME
one adv C1 • chiefly coastal SC
pony penning n • coastal VA, NC
quintal n • coastal NEng
rote n • coastal NEng
rut n • coastal NEng
salt grass n a(1) • chiefly coastal regions
she-crab soup n • coastal SC
sliver n, v B1 • coastal NEng
summer complaint n 2 • coastal ME, Cape Cod MA
tide walker n • coastal ME
blossom rock n • chiefly West, esp CO
buck fence n • now esp CO, WY
camp robber n • chiefly NW, CO (MAP)
cap n1 6 • chiefly West, esp CO
coney n1 1 • chiefly CO
dagwood n • scattered, but esp MN, IA, CO (MAP)
doney n1 • chiefly CO
go-dig n • CO
greaser n B1 • scattered, but esp SW, CO (MAP)
hole n 2 • NW, CO
mesa n 1 • chiefly West, esp SW, CO (MAP)
Mexican town n • chiefly TX, CO
miner’s consumption n • chiefly West, esp CA, NV, CO (MAP)
penco n • NM, sCO
Penitente n • NM, sCO
salt side n • esp CO
willow fly n 2 • West, esp CO (MAP)
Concise Ulster Dictionary See Ulster
alewife n (pronc) • esp in CT
angledog n • chiefly NEng, esp CT and swMA, and settlement areas
bag n B1 • chiefly NY, CT
bog meadow n • chiefly NEng, esp CT
box oyster n • CT, NY coast
business wagon n • CT
chickwit n • chiefly CT
cracky benders n • CT, RI
glawackus n • CT
heap n 2 • esp nAppalachians, CT (MAP)
lobber v • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp Upstate NY, CT, MI (MAP and Map Section)
merrywing n • esp CT
parkway n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, CT, NJ (MAP)
pigsticker n 1 • esp wCT, wMA
poison alder n • CT
pole barn n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Gt Lakes, Upstate NY, CT, Mid Atl (MAP)
pot cheese n • chiefly NY, NJ, nPA, CT (MAP)
pumpkinseed n 2 • CT
ripper n 2 • esp wMA, CT
round clam n • esp CT
setback n 2 • chiefly SE, Mid Atl, Appalachians, CT (MAP)
sproutland n • chiefly NEng, esp CT, MA
stump lot n • chiefly CT, MA, Upstate NY
tomato pie n • esp CT, NJ, NY, PA
tomcod n 2a1 • CT
topgallant n • chiefly wCT
tree border n • WI, CT
whinnering owl n • esp NY, NJ, CT
contemptuous (See also disparagement)
fofarraw n 1 • exclam to express contemptuous disagreement
contraction; contracted
abanded pple • [Contr of abandoned..]
abiselfa n • [Contr of a–by–itself–a..]
ain’t v1 • [Contr of am not, are not..]
ainna interrog exclam • [Contr of ain’t it..]
airn pron • [Contr of ary + one]
all’s pron • [Contr of all + as pron (+ that)]
cussadang exclam • [Appar a contr of cuss and dang]
d’ant v • [By contr]
dare v A4a • [Contractions of dare not, durst not, dared not..]
-en suff3 • [Pronc-spp for contr of on prep B1 of]
evern conj • [Prob contr of ever + and conj B1]
hain’t v • [Contr of has not, have not..]
he pron • the contracted form ’e for he
tain't v2 • [Contr of it + ain't v1]
twan't v • [Contr of it was not]
Cornish; Cornwall
accoutrements n pl • [EDD 1880, from wCornwall..]
attle n • [Cornish]
fitcher v • [OED 1865; appar a Cornish mining term]
flookan n • [Cornish dial]
gossan n • [Corn dial..]
logy adj 1 • [Cf EDD louggy, loogy “Tired, ‘fagged’; slow” (Corn dial)..] (MAP)
pridy adj • [Corn dial; cf EDD pridy adj. 1, 2]
scrod n • [Perh orig ppl adj < Corn dial scraw, scroe; cf EDD scraw v.2..]
water haul n • [Cf EDD watery-haul (at watery adj. 1.(1))..(Cornwall)] (MAP)
muskeg n • [CanEngl < Algonquian (Ojibway mashkig, Cree mashkek)]
pembina n • [CanFr pimbina < Cree nipiminân..]
pipsissewa n • [Cree..]
catalpa n • [Creek kutúhlpa winged head, in ref to the shape and marking of the flower]
chickee n1 • [Prob from Creek; perh akin to Choctaw chuka house]
creole; creolized
already adv B3 • in creolized speech
be v B7b • the constr is creole (Gullah)
bimeby adv • [..widespread in pidgin and creole English of 17th cent and after]
broadus n • [..= Caribbean creole braata.. prob from Port barata..]
cut-eye n, v • [Caribbean Creole..]
day clean n • [..cf Fr Creole ju netye literally jour nettoyé day cleaned]
fam-fam n • [Creole redup form of Fr faim hunger]
for prep B2 • esp freq in Gullah, but also HI creole
gallop v • (cf Jamaican creole interpretation of develop as devel up..)
gris-gris n • [Fr creole, ult of Afr orig]
gumbo zab n • [Appar Creole Fr pronc-sp for gombo des herbes]
man n C2 • [..also characteristic of West Indian Creoles..]
pickaninny n • [W Afr and W Indian Creoles, of Span or Port origin; OED2 1657 ➝]
poppy show n • [..widespread in Caribbean and W Afr creoles..]
so till conj • [Creole Engl; cf DCEU so adv 7.10]
tell v C2b • HI creole
them pron B3 • esp Gullah, HI creole
too adv • chiefly Gullah; also HI Creole
wanga n • [Haitian Creole, ult of Afr orig]
zydeco n • [Appar < LaFr zaricot green beans..from the appearance of this word..in Creole folk songs]
Cuban Spanish See Spanish, Cuban
dyngus n • [Pol, Czech]
golumpki n pl • [..cf also Ukrainian and Czech hołub..]
houska (twist) n • [Czech houska bun, roll]
kolacky n • [Czech kolač < kolo wheel, circle] (MAP)
D
appleskiver n • [Dan æbleskive(r) < æble apple + skive disk, slice; dial]
ish intj • [Norw isj, Dan, Sw isch]
kringle n • [Prob primarily < Dan kringle..]
krumkake n • [..Dan krumkage]
lutefisk n • [Norw lutefisk; Sw lutfisk; Dan ludfisk] (MAP)
mauger adj • [..Dan, Du, Ger, Norw, Sw mager..]
pank v • [..cf Norw, Dan banke..]
preacher’s lice n • [Cf Dan præstelus, Sw prästlus..]
skillpot n • [..(Dan skildpadde, Norw skilpadde, Sw sköldpadda)] (MAP)
skrook n • [Dan skrukhøne brooding hen]
smear n 1 • [Prob infl by the cognates in other Germanic langs:..Dan smør..butter]
snoose n1 • [Dan, Sw, Norw snus] (MAP)
sylte n • [Dan, Norw sylte, Sw sylta]
till prep B4 • [..also Sw till (prep) till, by (and perh also Dan, Norw til till, by)]
yah adv • [Cf Ger, Du, Norw, Sw, Dan ja] (MAP)
DC, Washington See Washington, DC
decreasing (See also infrequent)
boy n 1 • decreasing currency
curl n, v • decreasing currency
baby coach n • chiefly ePA, sNJ, DE, MD (MAP)
Dayton wagon n • esp MD, DE
dearborn n • formerly widespread, now chiefly sePA, nMD, DE
garlicky adj • chiefly DE, MD, NJ, VA (MAP and Map Section)
hit it v phr 1 • scattered, but esp PA, MD, DE
mom-mom n • PA, NJ, DE, MD (MAP)
Moor n • chiefly cDE, sNJ
mung you (all) pron • DE, MD
papershell n 1 • esp MD, DE
pop-pop n • chiefly PA, NJ, DE, MD (MAP)
sheep fly n • esp MD, DE (MAP)
slapper n • esp DE, PA
slider n 1 • esp DE, MD; also Missip Valley
snuff rubber n • esp DE, MD, PA, WV (MAP)
speckle-back turtle n • esp NJ, DE
tacker n • chiefly DE, MD, NJ, ePA
viewing n • chiefly PA, NJ, MD, DE; also UT (MAP)
pac n • [Perh < Delaware pacu, paku shoe..]
seapoose n • [..cf Delaware sepus small brook]
shoepack n • [Folk-etym < Delaware trade jargon seppock, sippack shoes]
aftermath n • chiefly NEng, Delmarva
baseborn adj • chiefly Delmarva, wNC
battery n 1 • chiefly Delmarva
bramble scythe n • Delmarva
bullnose n • Delmarva
corn stack n • Delmarva
cow pound n • esp Delmarva
cowsucker n 2 • esp KY, Delmarva
crab cake n • chiefly Delmarva
cubbie v • chiefly Delmarva
dredge n1, v (pronc) • chiefly N and Mid Atl, Delmarva
fire n, v (pronc) • esp Delmarva, sNJ
gut n 1 • esp Delmarva
hand horse n • Delmarva
hardhead n 2d • chiefly Delmarva
haul seine n • Delmarva
house n, v (pronc) • Delmarva, esp VA
lodging n • chiefly eNC, Delmarva
maninose n • chiefly Delmarva, NC
neither adj B • Delmarva
nick n1 • Delmarva (MAP)
peeler crab n • chiefly Delmarva
pin-toed adj • esp Delmarva
pipjenny n • esp Delmarva, S Atl (MAP)
pitch n2 1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY, Delmarva, Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
post-and-rail fence n • chiefly NJ, Delmarva, WV, KY, OH, scattered NEng (MAP)
pound n2 1 • esp Delmarva (MAP)
pungey n • Delmarva
*rattler n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, Delmarva (MAP)
shat n • Delmarva
soft-shell crab n • chiefly Delmarva, N Atl (MAP)
Spanish oak n b(1) • esp Delmarva
spunk knot n • esp Delmarva
strike v B2 • esp Delmarva
tailor n • esp Delmarva
tump n1 • sDelmarva
wire n (pronc) • esp sAppalachians, Delmarva |wɔr|
depreciatory (See also disparagement)
nigger n1 B1a • Used in a depreciatory sense by White speakers
nigger n1 B1b • Used in a depreciatory sense by Black speakers
derisive (See also disparagement)
alter kocker n • often derisive but also used familiarly
baa-baa n • sometimes derisive
boogie n 3 • derisive
cabbage n B4 • Used in..derisive nicknames for German settlement areas
Cajun n1 2 • Transf and applied generally as a derisive epithet
corn doctor n • often derisive
edumacation n • somewhat derisive
get-up n 2 • usu derisive
gulch n 3 • used in derisive nicknames for places
-ma- infix • in “nonsense” words, often with jocular, ironic, or derisive force
derogation; derogator(il)y (See also disparagement)
Abie n • usu derog
ack n • derog
adobe-maker n • derog
alligator n1 B5 • orig among Black speakers and derog
alligator bait n 2 • derog
ape n 1 • derog
appleknocker n • often derog
Arkie n 1 • often derog
Arkie n 2 • derog
asphalt arab n • humorous or derog
astern the lighter adj phr • derog
Aunt Jane n 1 • derog
Aunt Thomasina n 1 • derog
banana peddler n • derog
bayao n 2 • joc, but sometimes taken as derog
bazoo n 1 • joc or derog
bead-puller n • derog
beaner n 2 • derog
beat n 2 • derog
bible-back n 3 • often derog
Bible banger n • often derog
biddy n2 3 • derog
bill n1 2 • derog
biscuit beggar n • derog
blab n 1 • joc, sometimes derog
blabberskite n • joc, sometimes derog
black Protestant n • usu derog
blanket-buck n • derog
blister n 1 • derog
blue-bellied adj • often derog
bluebelly n 1 • often derog
blue gum n1 1 • freq derog
blue-gummed adj • derog
bluenose n 1 • sometimes derog
bluestocking n 1 • sometimes derog
bobby n1 • sometimes derog
bock n3 • derog
boghopper n • derog
bogtrotter n 3 • joc, sometimes derog
bohunk n 1 • often derog
boodle n 1 • sometimes derog
boot n2 5 • among Black speakers; sometimes derog
bootchkey n • derog
bow-and-arrow n • derog
box-ankled adj • freq derog
box, off one’s adj phr • joc, sometimes derog
bozo n • somewhat derog
brass ankle n • freq derog
brown n 6 • derog
brush ape n 1 • derog
buck n1 2e • often considered derog
buck n1 2d • usu considered derog
buck n1 2c • usu considered derog
bucket man n • derog
buckra n 2a • usu considered derog
buckwheat note n • usu derog
bug n2 • often derog
bug-eater n • derog
bugger n1 B1 • sometimes derog
bulldagger n • esp among Black speakers, freq derog
burrhead n1 1 • derog
cack n1 • [..cf other derog terms applied affectionately to children..]
camel jockey n • derog
Canuck n • often considered derog
carp n1 • derog
carrot eater n • derog
cat-licker n • often derog
cat’s ass n 3 • derog
cattle n pl • derog
cedar savage n 2 • derog
charcoal n • old-fash, derog
Charlie n 1 • sometimes derog
Charlie n 2 • among Black speakers; derog
chick n • esp among young speakers and among Black speakers; sometimes derog
chicken necker n • derog
chili n • derog
chili eater n • derog
chink n3 1 • usu considered derog
chin-whisker adj • usu derog
chocolate drop n 1 • derog
cholo n • usu derog
Christer n 1 • derog ?old-fash
Christ killer n • derog
churn-twister n • derog
claphat adj • derog
clay-eater n • usu derog
coconut head n • derog
codger n 1 • often derog, sometimes affectionate
coffeepot n • derog
conch n 1 • sometimes derog
coon n1 1 • sometimes derog
coonass n • orig derog; now sometimes neutral or accepted
corncracker n 1 • sometimes derog
cotbetty n • obsolescent, derog
couillon n 2 • derog
country n B2 • attrib in var usu derog combs
cracker n 3 • among Black speakers; derog
cracker-ass n 1 • derog
critter n B1 • sometimes derog
Croatan n • usu derog
crock n3 2 • sometimes derog
cross-back n • usu derog
dinge n1 • derog
dink n1 2 • as a derog term
dinwiddie n • Used as a derog term
dirt-eater n 1 • usu derog
dizzy adj 1 • usu derog
dog n1 B8 • derog
dogan n • somewhat derog
dogpelter n • derog
dog stud n • old-fash, derog
drab n1 • derog
drag n 13b • derog
duffer n • with a wide range of connotations from derog to affectionate
Dutchified adj • often derog
Dutchman n 1 • sometimes derog
Dutchy adj 1 • derog
eel n 2 • usu derog
eelpot n 2 • derog
egg-sucker n 1 • derog
egg-sucking ppl adj • derog
faggot n • informal, freq derog
Far-down n • formerly often derog, less so now
farmer n 1 • somewhat more freq among younger speakers and coll educ speakers; derog (MAP)
feist n 1 • freq derog (MAP)
feist n 2 • derog
Filipinyock n • derog
fine adj 2 • usu derog
fish-eater n • derog or joc (MAP)
Fish Town n • derog
flannelmouth n 2 • derog
flat n1 1e • Used as a..derog nickname for a town or district
flatfoot n 2 • Used as a derog nickname
flatland n 1 • sometimes used by mountain dwellers as derog term
fleabag n 1 • joc or derog
floozy n1 • now usu derog
Florida Indian n • derog
fodder forker n • derog
foolhead n • derog
frijole-eater n • derog
frog n B2 • sometimes derog (MAP)
frogeater n • usu derog
fruit tramp n • sometimes derog
gad n2 • derog
galoot n • usu derog, occas affectionate
gazabo n • usu derog
gazook n • derog
geechee n • sometimes derog
Georgia major n • joc or derog
gink n • usu derog
grandmother n 2 • derog
greaseball n 1 • derog; usu considered offensive
greaser n B1 • derog; usu considered offensive (MAP)
grunt n 3 • derog
Guinea n1 3 • derog (MAP)
haolified adj • derog
harp n 3 • often derog
hausfrau n • occas derog
Hawaiian time n • joc or derog
haybag n • derog
hayburner n 5 • often joc or derog
head n C1 • usu derog
hebe n • derog (MAP)
high sheriff n • used as a joc or derog nickname
hike n • usu derog
Hoboken n 1 • joc or derog
hog feed n • often joc or derog
hombre n • occas derog
home boy n 1 • affectionate or derog
honky n 1 • chiefly among Black speakers; usu derog
hooknose n 1 • derog
hoosier n B1a • often derog
hoosier n B1b • among Black speakers; derog
hound dog n 2 • usu derog or joc
hunyak n • derog
hunyak n 2 • somewhat old-fash; often derog
hymie n • [..derog term..]
Ikey n 1 • usu derog
Indian time n • usu derog
ink n B • sometimes derog
Irish n1 B2c • often considered derog
Isaac n • derog
issue n B1 • usu considered derog
it n 1 • derog
it pron D • usu derog or in ref to a child
Itie n • derog
jack Mormon n 1 • derog
jack Mormon n 2 • often derog
jackpine savage n • joc or derog
jake n1 1 • derog
jarhead n 2 • Used as a derog epithet
jasper n2 1 • often derog
jazzbo n • derog
jeff n 1 • derog
jelly bean n 1 • derog
jelly bean n 2 • sometimes derog
jerkwater adj 1 • joc or derog (MAP)
jobbernowl n • Used as a vague term of derogation
jook n 2 • often derog (MAP)
jungle bunny n • derog
kanaka n • often derog
Kentuck n 2a • often derog
kike n • derog (MAP)
kinky-head n • derog
klootchman n • often derog
kraut n 2 • derog (MAP)
kyoodle n • derog or joc
lamb licker n • derog
linthead n • derog
loco n1 3 • derog
longhead n 3 • used as a derog epithet
lousy adj 2b • Used broadly as a derog intensive
macaroni-smacker n • derog
mackerel-snapper n • usu derog (MAP)
mammy-dodging adj • used as a derog intensifier
meat hound n • Used as a derog or joc epithet for a dog
Mexican adj B1 • derog
Mexican adj B4 • joc or derog
Miss Ann(e) n • often derog
Mister Charlie n • often derog
mocky n1 • usu derog
moke n • usu derog
monkey n1 B8 • derog
Mormon buckskin n • joc or derog
mountain grill n • derog
mountain nigger n • derog
mud cat n 3 • joc or derog
muskrat n 3 • Used as a derogatory term for a person
nappy adj • sometimes derog
narrowback n • derog
nation n2 2 • Used as a vaguely derog epithet
nester n • usu derog
nigger n1 B2b • derog
nigra n • sometimes derog
nitchie n • occas derog
ofay n • derog
Okie n • often derog (MAP)
one-gallus(ed) adj • usu derog
pachuco n • derog
paisano n 1b • derog
pake n, adj • sometimes derog
pea n1 6 • derog
peanut n 5 • derog
peckerwood n 2 • derog
pelado n • usu derog
penny-dog n 1 • sometimes derog
peon n 1 • derog
pepper belly n • often derog (MAP)
piney n1 1 • occas derog
piss-a-bed n 7 • derog (MAP)
poi dog n • used as a derog term
Polack n • often derog (MAP)
Polander n • sometimes derog (MAP)
polecat n 2b • derog
poor White n 2a • derog (MAP)
poot n 2 • a derog..term for a person
Portuguese adj C • Used with derog force in var joc combs
pot n 8 • old pot: Used as a derog term for a person
pot n 9 • Used as the second element in var derog terms for a person
pumpkin roller n • derog
rag n1 8 • [Perh from the earlier use of rag(s) as derogatory terms for paper money..]
raghead n • esp used as a derog term for a person from India or the Middle East
ranny n 2 • sometimes derog
rawhide n 2 • sometimes derog
red-mouthed adj • Used as a derog epithet for a politician or lawyer
red-neck n 2 • derog term for a White person perceived (MAP)
river rat n 1 • usu derog
rum n1 1 • Used as a generic, often derog, term for liquor (MAP)
sack n 3 • derog
Sambo n1 • often derog or joc
sand hill n 2a • Esp of a person or animal..—sometimes derog
sandhiller n 1 • derog
sandlapper n 1 • derog
sawbones n 1 • joc or derog
Scowegian n • joc or derog
scrag n1 • used as a general term of derogation for a person
sculpin n 3 • Used as a derog term for a person or animal
scut n2 • derog or joc
scutter n1 1 • derog or joc
scutter n1 2 • derog or joc
sheeny n1 1 • derog (MAP)
sheep dip n • joc or derog
sheepherder n 1 • usu derog
shine n 4 • usu derog (MAP)
shirttail adj 2 • often derog
shit-eater n • derog
shoat n • Used as a derog term for a person
shonicker n • derog
siditty adj • derog
Siwash n 1 • often derog
Siwash n 2 • derog
Siwash n 4 • joc or derog
skibby n • derog
skinny malink n • also used as a derog term for a person
Slab Town n • Used as a derog nickname for a town or district
slant-eye n • derog
slop n2 • derog
snowball n 5 • usu derog
soap stick n 2 • Used as a derog term for a man
soda cracker n • derog
spear-chucker n • derog
spik n • derog
squaw man n • usu derog
squint-eye n 2 • usu derog
stick n 2 • usu derog (MAP)
taco n 2 • derog
tar baby n 1 • derog
Texican n • often derog, for a migrant worker from Texas or elsewhere in the Southwest
tick n1 4 • derog, or rarely affectionate, term for a person
Tonto n 2 • derog nickname for an American Indian man
toot n1 1 • used derogatorily or affectionately of a person
towelhead n • derog term for a person from India or the Middle East
town dude n • joc or derog name for a city person (MAP)
trundle-bed trash n 2 • derog
tuckahoe n 3 • often derog
two-boater n • derog
Uncle Tom n 1 • derog
wagon burner n • derog
wallio n • often derog
wasp nest n 1 • freq derog
whickerbill n 1 • also used as a vaguely derog (rarely affectionate) term
whistle britches n • also used..broadly as a teasing or derog nickname
whitey n 1 • chiefly among Black speakers; usu derog
woodpecker n B2 • Used as a derog term for one who fells trees.
woolly head n 1 • freq derog
wop n1 1 • usu derog (MAP)
yard ape n 2 • Used as a derog term
yellowhammer n 5 • derog
Yid n • freq derog (MAP)
zigaboo n • Used as a derog term for a Black (or other dark-skinned) person
antelope jackrabbit n • Desert SW
burro fat n • Desert SW
bushnut n • Desert SW
cane cholla n • chiefly Desert SW
crucifixion thorn n • chiefly Desert SW
datil n • Desert SW
ghostflower n 3 • Desert SW
hediondilla n • Desert SW
Indian rice n 2 • chiefly Desert SW
indigo bush n 2 • Desert SW
inmortal n • Desert SW
Mormon tea n 1 • chiefly Desert SW
mutual n • chiefly Rocky Mts, Desert SW
palmilla n • Desert SW
palo amarillo n • Desert SW
palo blanco n 2 • Desert SW
peach thorn n • Desert SW
perky Sue n • chiefly Desert SW
smoke tree n 2 • Desert SW
Dictionary of Bahamian English See Bahamian
Dictionary of Canadianisms See Canadian
Dictionary of Caribbean English Usage See Caribbean
Dictionary of Jamaican English See Jamaican
Dictionary of Newfoundland English See Newfoundland
Dictionary of New Zealand English See New Zealand
Dictionary of Prince Edward Island English See Prince Edward Island
Dictionary of Smoky Mountain English See Smoky Mountains
Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue; Dictionary of the Scottish Language See Scotland
alamo n • Also dimins alamillo, alamito
armitas n pl • [armas + -ita dimin suff]
arroyo n • dimin arroyito, arroyullo (MAP)
barabara n • dimin barrabkie
Belsnickel n • [Ger Pelz fur + Nickel dimin of Nicholas]
bidar n • [Russ baidara, dimin baidarka]
biddy n2 • [Dimin of Bridget..]
biddykin n • [biddy n1 + -kin dimin suff]
bisnaga n • dimin bisnagita
blickey n1 • [From Du blikje dimin of blik tin, a pail]
bolita n • [AmSpan bolita dimin of bola ball]
brogan n • [Dimin form of Gael brōg shoe]
bube n • Also dimins bubbelly, bubelicks
bubeleh n • [Yiddish; dimins and varr of bubbe]
bube lice n • [PaGer bube, buwe, dimins bubli, buwli boy]
bug n1 1 • also dim buggy (MAP)
calabacilla n • [MexSpan dimins of calabaza]
cebolleta n • [Dimin of Span cebolla onion, bulb]
cerro n • Also dimins cerrillo, cerrilo
chitling n • [Prob chit n1 + -ling, dimin]
cienaga n • dimin forms cienagita, cienaguilla, -o, cieneguita
commie n • [Prob abbr for common marble + -ie, -(e)y dimin suff] (MAP)
cookee n • [cook + -ee, -ey, -ie dimin suffs]
cootie n2 • [coot + -ie dimin suff]
coyotillo n • [MexSpan coyot(e) + -illo, dimin]
doughnette n • [Dimin of doughnut]
dovekie n • [Scots dimin of dove]
dudeen n • [IrGael dūidīn, dimin of dūd pipe]
dudie n • [Dimin of dude n]
elbedritsch n • dimin elbedritschel
escobita n • [Span dimin of escoba broom]
fooskie n • [Du voos spongy, wooly, compressible + -ke dimin suff]
frijolillo n • [AmSpan; dimin of Span frijol bean]
garagette n • [garage + -ette dimin suff]
garbancillo n • [MexSpan; dimin of garbanzo]
gitlet n • [Prob Scots, nEngl dial get brat, bastard; dimins gettling, gytling, etc]
golumpki n pl • [Cf Pol gołbki pl of golabek, dimin of gołb pigeon..]
gorby n • [Prob Scots gorbie, dimin of gorb a greedy person or animal]
gullie n • [Prob gull + dimin -ie]
hapuu n 2 • usu dim hapuupuu
hediondilla n • [Span hediondo literally “stinker”; MexSpan dimin hediondillo, -a..]
hockie n • [hock the lower part of the leg of a quadruped + -ie dimin suff]
holey n • [holey prob dimin of hole n 4 (and folk-etym or punning sp holy)]
huckie n • [Dimin of huck haunch..]
huisachillo n • [Dim of huisache]
-ie suff 3 • [By ext from std use as dimin suff..]
Ike n • [Dimin of Isaac]
Itie n • [Dimin of Italian]
jacal n • dimin jacalito
kinlin n • [Prob..lin, pronc-sp for -ling, used as dimin or familiarizing suff]
kish exclam • [Prob Du koetje, dimin of koe cow]
kneffli n • [Ger Knöpfle..,dimin of Knopf knob, dumpling..]
krapfen n • [sGer dial Krapfen, dimin Kräpfel]
krebbel n • [Ger dial Kräppel, dimin of Krapfen] (MAP)
lark n2 • Also dimins larkie, larky
loma n • Also dimin lomita
manzanilla n • [Span dimin of manzana apple]
manzanita n • [Span dimin of manzana apple]
minnow n A3 • These forms may be intended as dimins
nappy n1 • [Scots dial dimin of nap bowl, basin] (MAP)
natchie n • [Pronc-sp for dimin of natural D..]
nibby n1 • [Prob dimin of nib n1]
ocotillo n • [MexSpan ocotillo.., dimins of ocote]
piloncillo n • [MexSpan; dimin of pilon..]
pinkie n1 • [Du pink and its dimin pinkje..]
pinkster n 2 • [Du..dimin pinksterbloemetje..]
piroshki n • [Russ pirozhki.., dimin of pirog..]
pitayita n • [Dimin of pitaya]
pozo n • dimin pozuelo
rolliche n • [Du rolletje, dimin of rol roll (in many spec senses..)]
roncadina n • [Span dimin of roncador]
rutchie n • [Appar dimin of PaGer rutsch sliding place]
scrapple n • [Dimin of scrap..] (MAP)
senita n • [..dimin of sina..]
-sie suff • Used to form diminutives or hypocoristic nouns
sookie exclam • [Dimin of sook exclam;..] (MAP)
tasajillo n • [MexSpan tasajillo, dimin of tasajo]
teensy adj • [Prob teeny infl by dimin suff -sy..]
tinesy adj • [Prob tiny infl by dimin suff -sy; cf teensy]
tomatillo n • [Span dimin of tomate tomato]
triggie n • [Perh dimin of trig n..]
wudget n • [Dimin of wudge n..]
yaupon n • [yopún dimin of Catawba yop tree]
disparagement; disparaging(ly) (See also contemptuous; depreciatory; derisive; derogation)
biddy n2 1 • freq used disparagingly
bimbo n • sometimes used disparagingly
bucko n 3 • used as a term of address, often disparagingly
burg n • sometimes humorous or disparaging
clod n 2 • used as a disparaging epithet
cotton picker n 3 • generalized as a disparaging epithet
critter n B3 • disparaging
deadhead n 2 • used as a generalized term of disparagement
drab n1 2 • Used as a disparaging epithet
heifer n 1a • usu disparaging or joc
hootenanny n 3 • used as a disparaging epithet
jag-off n • Used as a general term of disparagement
little old adj phr • Used to express disparagement, familiarity, or affection
lollygag n C3 • Used as a term of disparagement
pea-picking adj • Used as a term of disparagement
perkerhead n 2 • A disparaging term for a person
fustrate v • [Var, by dissim, of frustrate]
shivaree n • [By dissim from Fr charivari..]
District of Columbia, Washington See Washington, DC
pawpaw n1 • [Varr or doublets of papaya..] (MAP)
arsle v • [Du aarzelen to move backward, hesitate..]
astamagootis n • [Du als het maar goed is!..]
avast v • [..prob orig Du hou’ vast, houd vast “hold fast”]
bake-oven n • [Du bakoven..]
bakkes adj, exclam • in Dutch communities
balkenbry n • swMI and other Dutch settlement areas
banket n • in Dutch communities
bazoo n • [Perh Du bazuin trumpet]
benaut adj • in Dutch communities
binnacle n • [Du binnen within, inner + kil watercourse, channel]
binnewater n • [Du binnen within, inner + water]
blickey n1 • [From Du blikje dimin of blik tin, a pail]
block n 1 • [..from Du blok]
boerenjongens n • in Dutch settlement areas
boodle n • [From Du boedel estate, property]
boss adj • [By ext of boss master, principal..<Du baas master]
bry n • chiefly in Dutch settlement areas
caboose n1 • [Du kabuis, kombuis cook’s galley]
canal n B • [Du kanaal channel..]
clothes room n • [Perh from Du kleedkamer]
clove n • [Du kloof, klove]
cobb n2 • [..cf Du kobbe, kob, E Fris kobb(e)]
cookie n1 2 • [Prob Du koekje small sweetened cake]
cooster v • [Perh Du koesteren to cherish..]
corporal n2 • [Appar from Du korporaal]
crang n • [Alter of Du kreng carcass of a whale; a skeleton]
crawl n2 • [Alter of colonial Du kraal]
cripple n1 • [Abbr for cripplebush from Amer colonial Du Kreuplebush..< Du kruepelbos..]
cruller n • [Du krulle a kind of curled cake]
dingus n1 • [Du dinges thingamajig, what’s his name < ding thing]
dobber n1 • [..cf Du dobber<dobberen to bob up and down]
dominie n • chiefly in Du settlement areas, esp NY
doop pot n • [Cf Du doop dipping, and dopen to dip]
dope n • [Du doop sauce]
dummkopf n • [Ger Dummkopf, Du domkop]
erwten soup n • [Du erwtensoep]
feest adj • chiefly in Du settlement areas, esp NY, N Cent
fetticus n • [Du vettig kost fatty or greasy food]
file n2 • [Prob from Du feil, var of dweil floor cloth, mop]
flickie n • [Perh rel to Du flikken to patch]
fooskie n • in Du communities
fyke n • [Du fuik a bow-net]
groundhog n 1 • [Perh calque from Du aertoercken arch var of aardvarken literally “earth pig”] (MAP)
half n B1a • [Cf Du half een,..literally “half one,” i.e., 12:30]
hay barrack n • [Folk-etym for Du hooiberg haystack]
headcheese n 1 • [Cf Du hoofdkaas]
hockidish n • [Perh Du hagedis lizard]
hooker n2 • [Du hoekboot, hoeker < hoek fishhook]
hoople n • [Du hoepel]
hunk n2 • [Du honk home, goal, base]
hutspot n • [Du]
kermis(s) n • [Du kermis, BelgianFr kermesse, Ger Kirmes a fair]
kill n1 • esp NY, in Du settlement areas
kinick n • [Prob < Du knikker..]
kip n • chiefly NJ, NY esp in Dutch settlement areas
kish exclam • [Prob Du koetje, dimin of koe cow]
kliekies n pl • [Du kliekjes leftovers]
klop door n • [..Du klapdeur..]
larrup v 1 • [..perh ult < Du larpen to whip]
letter n 3 • Dutch settlement areas, esp NJ, IA
lief adj • [Du]
long finger n 2 • [Cf Ger lange Finger machen (or haben), Du lange vingers hebben..]
louk n • [Du luik trapdoor..]
lugger n1 • [..prob infl by Du logger..]
mauger adj • [..Dan, Du, Ger, Norw, Sw mager..]
mettwurst n • [Ger mettwurst, Du metworst..]
mossbunker n • [Du marsbanker..]
oliebollen n pl • Du settlement areas
olykoek n • [Du oliekoek oil cake]
opa n • [Ger, Du]
outset n • [Du uitzet trousseau]
pannicake n • [..cf Du pannekoek..]
pass blummies n • [Du Paas- Easter- + bloem flower]
philopena n • [..cf Fr, Du philippine..]
pinkie n1 • [Du pink and its dimin pinkje..]
pinkie n3 • [..directly from Du..or through Scots..]
pink in v phr • [Engl dial; ult < Du pinken..]
pinkster n • [Du Pinkster Pentecost]
pinkster n 2 • [Du pinksterbloem..from its time of flowering]
poss flower n • [Du paas- Easter-]
pot cheese n • [Du pot kaas] (MAP)
pot eten n • [Du, Ger; literally “pot meal”]
rolle bolle n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley; in Dutch and Belgian settlement areas
rolliche n • [Du rolletje, dimin of rol roll (in many spec senses..)]
sap bush n • [Du sap bosch, literally “sap grove”..]
second Christmas (Day) n • [Calque of..Du tweede Kerstdag]
skein n • [This sense of skein is from Du scheen..]
skillpot n • [Folk-etyms for Du schildpad..] (MAP)
sliding pond n • [pond..prob folk-etym var of Du baan path..]
slime eel n • [..cf..Du slijmaal..]
smear n 1 • [Prob infl by the cognates in other Germanic langs:..Du smeer grease..]
snert n • Du settlement areas
speck n2 • [Orig < Du spek; later reborrowed < PaGer, Ger speck]
spook n • [Du spook, Ger Spuk]
sto v • [Cf Du staa Stay! Stand!]
stoop n 1 • [Du stoep platform or steps in front of a house]
stout n • [Prob folk-etym for..Du dial. stuik..]
sugar bush n 1 • [bush n1 B1c < Du bos forest] (MAP)
timp n • [Du]
under through prep phr • PaGer, Du settlement areas
up-sitting n • [Cf Ger aufsitzen, Du opzitten]
vendue n • [Du vendu, earlier vendue]
vetbollen n pl • Upper MW, Gt Lakes in Du settlement areas
vly n • [Du dial vlaai, vlei low-lying piece of land]
wamus n • [Du wambuis, wammes, dial Ger and PaGer..(Ger..)] (MAP)
winkle-hawk n • [Du winkelhaak..] (MAP)
wrist n • [Prob < Du rist bunch (of berries, grapes), string (of onions)]
yah adv • [Cf Ger, Du, Norw, Sw, Dan ja] (MAP)
supawn n • [Amer Du sapaen boiled corn meal < Algonquian; cf Natick saupaun softened by water]
E
East; eastern United States
Allegheny vine n • eUS
apple (of) Peru n 1 • chiefly eUS
arrow arum n • eastern half US
arrowwood n a • chiefly eastern half US
asarabacca n • formerly eUS
ask v A1c (pronc) • chiefly East
asthma weed n • eUS
bee weed n 1 • eUS
black woodpecker n 1 • East
chaff bed n • chiefly East
chippy n2 3 • formerly East, Sth; now chiefly Inland Nth and West (MAP)
columbo n • chiefly East
cork elm n 1 • eUS
daisy fleabane n • chiefly eastern half US
dreadnought n 1 • chiefly East
redroot n a • chiefly eastern half US
redwood n 1 • eastern half US
golumpki n pl • esp freq among speakers of Eastern European background
holishkes n pl • among speakers of Jewish or Eastern European background
East Frisian See Frisian, East
east of Mississippi River See Mississippi River, east of
echoic; echoism (See also imitative; phonosymbolic)
belly-deep n • [Echoic]
biff adv • [Echoic]
biff v • [biff adv, echoism]
bim adv • [Echoic..]
bing v • [Echoic]
bip into v phr • [bip echoism for “to strike, hit”]
blinger n • [Perh echoic suggesting resonance of something struck..]
blip n, intj • [Echoic]
bock n4 • [Perh echoic..]
bonk n • [Prob echoic]
bookity-book adv, n • [Echoic]
boomalally n • [Echoic]
bullyrum n • [Echoic]
butterbump n • [Prob alter of bittern + echoic element..]
carau n • [Prob echoic]
cha-cha n • [Echoic]
chad-cherries n • [Echoic]
chanky-chank n • [Perh echoic]
chaw-chaw n • [Echoic]
chay-chay n • [Echoic]
chebec n • [Echoic]
chee-chee n • [Echoic]
chee-dee n • [Echoic]
cheek cheek widow n • [Echoic]
cherook n • [Echoic]
cheweeka n 1 • [Echoic]
chewink n • [Echoic]
chib-chab n • [Echoic]
chicaric n • [Echoic]
chickadee n1 • [Echoic]
chickaree n • [Echoic]
chick-the-willow n • [Echoic]
chilly-lou n • [Echoic]
chink n2 • [Echoic of the sound of coins..]
chippy n2 • [Echoic or phonosymbolic]
chirrup n, v • [Echoic]
chit bird n • [?Echoic]
chizzywink n • [..prob in part echoic..]
chookee n 1 • [Echoic]
chuck-will’s-widow n • [Echoic]
clape n • [Echoic]
cleek cleek n • [Echoic]
clook-clook n • [Prob echoic]
clumpety-clump adv • [Echoic]
clunk n 1 • [Prob echoic] (MAP)
clunker n 2 • [Echoic..]
coat bet n • [Echoic]
conk-onk n • [Echoic]
conquedle n • [Echoic]
coo-coo owl n • [Echoic]
cool-doo n • [Prob echoic..]
cowbird n 2 • [Echoic]
cow-cow n • [Echoic]
craw-craw v • [Echoic]
crunge v • [Echoic]
crut n3 • [Prob echoic..]
cuckatoo owl n • [Echoic]
cuckoo owl n • [Echoic]
cullah-cullah n • [Prob echoic]
Dick-married-a-widow n • [Echoic]
doodle n1 • [..with echoic..elements..]
drink pudding n • [Perh echoic]
earl v • [Echoic]
eephing vbl n • [Echoic]
feeble n • [Echoic]
fram v • [Etym unknown, but perh echoic (cf slam, bam, wham)]
fry-bacon frog n • [Echoic]
full-pot n • [Prob echoic]
fump v • [Echoic; perh var of thump]
geek n • [Echoic]
glup v • [Echoic; perh by metath for gulp]
good god n 1 • [Echoic]
go-wank n • [Echoic]
guggle v • [Echoic; cf gurgle v 1]
gurky adj • [Echoic..]
gurrump n • [Echoic]
harry wicket n • [Echoic]
hee-haw n • [Echoic]
higguhri-hee n • [Echoic]
hissy n • [..perh from echoic hiss]
hookumpake n • [Echoic]
hoo-owl n • [Echoic] (MAP)
how is she intj • [Echoic]
hum n1 • [Echoic]
jarfly n 1 • [Echoic..] (MAP)
Jerome n • [Echoic]
joe-lee n • [Echoic..]
joree n • [Echoic]
jo-wheet n • [Echoic]
jugarum n • [Echoic] (MAP)
june v • [Prob echoic]
katydid n B1 • [Echoic]
kicker n3 • [Echoic]
killdeer n 1 • [Echoic] (MAP)
killing-peter n • [Prob echoic]
killy hawk n • [Echoic]
kiskadee n • [Echoic..]
kotonk n • [Perh echoic..]
pait n • [Echoic]
papabotte n • [Prob echoic]
peabody bird n • [Echoic]
peedee n • [Echoic] (MAP)
peetweet n • [Echoic]
Peter bird n • [Echoic]
pewee n1 1 • [Echoic]
pewit n 1 • [Echoic]
pi-ank n • [Prob echoic]
pick-me-up n • [Prob echoic]
pill-willet n • [Echoic]
plum pudding n 1 • [Echoic]
plunket(t) n • [Echoic]
podunker n • [Echoic, but also infl by Podunk 1]
poorwill n 1 • [Echoic]
pope n2 • [Echoic..]
potrack n, v • [Echoic]
queek-queek n • [Echoic]
quillaree n • [Echoic]
quink n • [Echoic]
quonk-a-ree n • [Echoic]
ralph v, n • [Echoic]
ramshack n2 • [Echoic]
rickety-bang v phr • [Echoic]
rippity slash adv phr • [Echoic]
scouck n • [Echoic]
scout n • [Echoic]
scow n2 • [Echoic]
scraper n2 • [?Echoic]
shingle-nail bird n • [Echoic]
shoo-shoo n • [Prob echoic]
skeet n2 • [Echoic]
slippety-slop n • [Echoic]
sloop v2 • [Perh echoic or var of slurp, but cf also slup]
south-southerly n • [Echoic]
sow-your-wheat bird n • [Echoic]
squaw bird n • [Echoic]
swee-swee n • [Echoic]
swee-sweet n • [Echoic]
teacher bird n • [Echoic]
tearr n • [Echoic]
tee-o n • [Echoic]
three-deer n • [Echoic]
tilly hawk n • [Echoic] (MAP)
ting-a-ling n • [Echoic]
tituree n • [Prob echoic]
tizzerrizzin n • [Echoic]
tweet n • [Echoic]
tweezer-bird n • [Echoic]
twit n • [Prob echoic]
twixt-hell-and-the-white-oak n • [Echoic]
veery n • [Echoic]
wagin n • [Perh echoic]
wake-up n • [Echoic]
walloon n1 • [Echoic]
whafler n • [Echoic]
wheeler n2 • [Echoic]
wheep n • [Echoic]
yank n1 • [Echoic]
yarrup n • [Echoic]
zoozer n • [Prob echoic]
zoum-zoum n • [Echoic]
educated; education
a prep1 5 • chiefly among less educ and rural speakers; somewhat old-fash
a inert vowel • esp among old and less educ speakers
acrost adv, prep • esp among speakers with less than coll educ
again prep, adv, conj (pronc) • esp among older and less educ speakers
against prep, conj (pronc) • esp among less educ speakers
already adv (pronc) • esp among less educ speakers
always adv (pronc) • among less educ speakers
ambulance n (pronc) • esp among less educ speakers
America n (pronc) • esp among less educ speakers
anymore adv • in use by speakers of all educ levels (MAP)
argufy v • esp among speakers with little educ
ask v A1b (pronc) • esp among speakers with less than coll educ
ask v A2b (pronc) • esp among speakers with less than coll educ
ask v A2c (pronc) • esp among speakers with less than coll educ
aunt n A1 (pronc) • among better-educ speakers
awake v 1 • esp freq among better-educated speakers
awake v 2 • perh most freq among less educ speakers
bad adj A • chiefly among less educ speakers
be v B2a(1) • chiefly among Black speakers with little formal educ
be v B5b • esp among speakers with little formal educ
bear v 2 • esp among speakers with little formal educ
begin v A1 • esp among speakers with little formal educ
begin v A2 • esp among speakers with little formal educ
bite v A • esp among males and lesser educ speakers
blast n 3 • chiefly among younger, educ speakers; casual
blast n 4 • chiefly among younger, educ speakers; casual (MAP)
blow v1 A2 • esp among less educ male speakers (MAP)
boob n • esp among young and coll educ speakers
borrow v B1 • esp among young speakers and speakers with grade school educ (MAP)
break v A3 • esp among speakers with little formal educ
bronchial adj (pronc) • esp among male and old speakers and speakers with little formal educ
brownie n1 3 • esp among young and coll educ speakers (MAP)
brownie v • esp among young and coll educ speakers
buck ague n 1 • buck ager(s) is esp freq among speakers with little formal educ, buck ague among speakers with some coll educ (MAP)
burst v • esp among those with little formal educ, bursted
chimney n B2 • esp among coll educ speakers
china n (pronc) • chiefly among old speakers and speakers with little formal educ
climb v 2a • esp among speakers with little formal educ
cool n 1 • earlier esp among young, coll educ, and Black speakers, now more widely used
cool it v phr 1 • formerly esp among young, coll educ, and Black speakers; now more widespread
cork v2 4 • esp among old speakers and those with less than high school educ
corruption n 1 • esp among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
crack up v phr • esp among young, urban, coll educ, and Black speakers
curse, the n • esp common among women, young and mid-aged speakers, and coll educ speakers
do v B4 • esp among speakers with little formal educ
do v B5 • esp among speakers with little formal educ
down adj D1 • esp among speakers with coll educ (MAP)
drat v • esp among educ speakers and women; euphem
draw v B1 • chiefly among rural speakers, male speakers, and speakers with little formal educ, drawed (MAP)
draw v B2 • chiefly among rural speakers, male speakers, and speakers with little formal educ, drew (MAP)
draw v B2 • chiefly among rural speakers and speakers with little formal educ, drawed (MAP)
drink like a fish v phr • esp among young and mid-aged speakers and among well educ speakers
drown v 3 • esp among speakers with little formal educ, drownded
druthers n pl 1 • now esp among speakers with coll educ
east n2 • esp freq among speakers with gs educ or less (MAP)
eat v A2a (pronc) • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
eat v A3a (pronc) • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
eat v A3c (pronc) • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ
-ed suff 2 • more freq among rural speakers, males, and speakers with less than hs educ
-ed suff 5 • esp among rural Infs with less than hs educ
either adj, adv, pron, conj (pronc) • esp among well educ speakers
faggot n • used..chiefly by young speakers, most freq by well educ urban males
fall n 4 • chiefly among young, well-educ, urban women
farmer n 1 • somewhat more freq among younger speakers and coll educ speakers; derog (MAP)
faux pas n • chiefly among well educ speakers
fireboard n 1 • chiefly among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
floor n (pronc) • esp among speakers with little formal educ
give v A2b • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ
give v A3b • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
grow v 1 • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
grow v 2 • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
guardian n (pronc) • among speakers with little formal educ, old-fash
hearth n A1 (pronc) • somewhat old-fash; esp freq among speakers with little formal educ
heat v A1 • chiefly among speakers with little formal educ
hiccup n (pronc) • esp among old speakers and coll educ speakers
hiccup n (pronc) • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ
kiln n • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
know v B3 • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ
learn v B1 • esp freq among speakers with gs educ or less (MAP)
loam n (pronc) • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ |lum|
mongrel n (pronc) • esp freq among old Infs and those with little formal educ |ˈmʌŋgrəl| (MAP)
offen prep • chiefly among speakers with little formal educ
okra n (pronc) • esp freq among older speakers and among speakers with little formal educ |ˈokri, -ɪ, ˈokər|
poach v A1 (pronc) • esp freq among speakers with gs educ or less (MAP)
raise v B3b • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
ride v1 A3a • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ
rogue n 1 • esp freq among rural speakers and speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
run v A1a • esp freq among speakers with gs educ or less
see v B2c • esp freq among rural speakers and those with little formal educ
see v B3a • esp freq among rural speakers and those with little formal educ (MAP)
seven-up n 1 • chiefly among rural speakers and those with little formal educ
sit v1 2a • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ
sit v1 2b • chiefly rural; esp freq among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
sit v1 3a • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ
sit v1 3b • among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
spoil v B • now esp freq among rural speakers and among speakers with little formal educ
sugar diabetes n • esp freq among rural speakers and those with little formal educ
swim v A1a • esp freq among rural speakers and among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
swim v A1b • esp freq among rural speakers and among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
swim v A1c • esp freq among older rural speakers and among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
swim v A2a • esp freq among rural speakers and among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
swim v A2b • esp freq among rural speakers and among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
swish broom n • esp freq among Black speakers and among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
take v A2c • chiefly among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
thisaway adv • esp freq among rural speakers and those with little formal educ (MAP)
throw v B1a • esp freq among speakers with little formal educ
throw v B2c • chiefly among speakers with little formal educ
till prep B3 • somewhat more freq among those with little formal educ (MAP)
umbrella n A1c (pronc) • esp among speakers with little formal educ
umbrella n A2b (pronc) • esp among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
upchuck v • esp freq among mid-aged and younger speakers, among coll educ speakers, and among women
wagon wheel n 2 • esp among older speakers, rural speakers, and speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
washboard n 1 • esp freq among rural speakers, older speakers, and those with little formal educ (MAP)
wear v B3b • esp freq among rural speakers and those with little formal educ (MAP)
wheelbarrow n 2 (pronc) • esp freq among rural speakers and those with little formal educ (MAP)
whinny n, v 1 • esp among older, rural speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
widow n B2 • esp among rural speakers and among those with little formal educ (MAP)
year n1 B • esp among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
yellow n1 B • esp among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
buckra n • [Efik mbakára he who surrounds or governs, White man..]
cala n1 • [..Yoruba, Igbo, Efik ákárá an oily cake..]
Holy Iden n • [Perh from Efik Idem..]
ellipsis; elliptical(ly)
afterwhile adv • [Ellip for after a while]
a mind adj phr • [Engl dial, ellip from of a mind (to): see EDD mind sb. 1]
and thing conj phr • [and + thing ellip for such, or similar things..]
as far as prep • [Ellip for as far as (something) is concerned..]
begin v B • [Ellip for begin to compare (with)]
come to adv phr • [Ellip for come to find out..]
cry-eye exclam • [Ellip euphem for Christ..]
curled ppl adj • [Prob ellip for or folk-etym from curdled..]
dear intj • [Perh ellip for dear God or dear Lord..]
electric road n • [Ellip]
extra adj B • [Perh ellip for extra good]
fact n B • [Ellip for in fact, the fact is, or similar phrr]
flat n1 7 • [Ellip for the flat truth]
for prep B4a • [From elliptical uses of for “as (being)”..]
for prep B5 • [Engl dial; perh from for “as regards” with ellipsis of its object..]
get v B1a • [By ellipsis of has/have..]
hi’most adj • [By ellipsis from hindmost]
just as adv phr • [Prob ellip for just as _______ as can be or similar constr]
leave v B1 • sometimes with ellipsis of infin
lief adv • used in phrr..with ellipsis of the verb..as lief (or liefer)
like adj D2 • in ellip adj phr something like (it)
like v1 C2 • foll by adv of place, with ellip of infin
like vbl aux E2a • [..with ellip of was/were or had..]
likeso adv • Also in phr by likeso (ellip for by doing likeso)
lose v B • [Prob ellip for lose blood]
need v 3 • Foll by adv of place, with ellipsis of infin
one pron B • Ellip for one or the other
rather adv B1 • primarily..ellipsis rather than reinterpretation as a modal auxiliary (or full verb)
reckon v B1c • Used elliptically at the beginning of a sentence
what-all pron 1b • Used elliptically in phrr meaning ``and many more things of the same sort; and so forth, et cetera''
sug n • Used as a term of address, an endearment, or a nickname
sugar-booger n • also used..as a term of endearment
sugar pie n • Used as a term of endearment (MAP)
England; English; English Dialect Dictionary; also British
a-aint v • [..EDD 1823➝, from ceEngl]
aback adv 2 • [EDD aback 4, 1768]
abiselfa n • [Contr of a-by-itself-a..spelling once popular in the US and Engl..]
able adj 2 • [EDD able 2]
aboon prep, adv • [..EDD aboon. A Northern British form]
about house adj phr • [Cf EDD about 9]
acause conj • [Cf EDD, with exx chiefly from nEngl]
accoutrements n pl • [EDD 1880, from wCornwall..]
acorn tree n • [EDD 1881➝]
acquaint v intr • [..EDD 1818➝]
Adam-and-Eve n • [..see also EDD]
Adam’s ale n • [..EDD: “Dial. slang in gen. use.”]
Adam’s flannel n • [..EDD 1828➝]
addle v • [..cf EDD]
adone intj • [..cf EDD adone]
afear(e)d adj • [..EDD, “In..dial. use throughout Sc. Irel. and Eng.”..]
afterclap n 3 • [..see also EDD aftercleckin, -clep, -cleth under after 9..]
agnail n • [EDD agnail 1..]
aggravoke v • [..cf aggrivoking reported from Somerset Engl..]
ahind prep, adv • [Engl dial: see EDD for exx, chiefly from nEngl, Scotl]
ahoo adv • [Engl dial ahuh awry: cf EDD]
aikie(s) intj • [..perh from Engl dial [ˈek%Ul] ‘equal’ or hake ‘To hanker or gape after’ (EDD)..]
alewife n • [..perh an Engl dial fish name (cf EDD alley3..)..]
all-ee all-ee (all) in free exclam • for similar usage in Engl see 1959 (1967) Opie Lore Schoolchildren 143 (MAP)
all hid n • [..all hid was the name of this game as played in Elizabethan England (OED 1608)]
all (of) one’s lone adj phr • [EDD 1894➝..]
along of prep 1 • [..EDD 1846➝]
along of prep 2 • [EDD 1890➝]
alongst prep • [..Cf EDD]
a mind adj phr • [Engl dial, ellip from of a mind (to): see EDD mind sb. 1]
and conj B4 • [Perh orig an Irish or Scots locution: see EDD and conj 2..]
andog n • [..EDD chiefly from cwEngl, 1790➝]
aneath prep • [Scots and nEngl form of beneath: cf OED, EDD, SND]
angledog n • [..cf EDD angledog and varr recorded from Devonshire]
anigh prep • [..cf EDD]
antic n • [Cf EDD]
antigoglin adj, adv • [anti- against, counter + goggling ppl adj < goggle to shake, tremble (EDD, SND)]
Antony-over n, exclam • [Prob of Scots origin though earliest quot is US: cf EDD, SND] (MAP)
anymore adv • [EDD, OEDS, 1898➝ with earliest ex from nIreland..] (MAP)
apast prep • [..also in Engl dial--see EDD]
applejack n 4 • [Engl dial: see OED, EDD]
apurpose adv • [..cf EDD]
arsle v 1 • [EDD arsle 1]
arsle v 2 • [EDD arsle 2]
arter n • [Cf OED artery for early exx of this form in Engl]
ash-cat n 1 • [EDD 1808➝ in similar sense]
aside (of) prep • [..see also EDD, SND]
aslew adv • [..EDD 1873➝]
at prep 3 • [Engl dial: EDD at IV 3]
at prep 4 • [EDD at II 1, from nwEngl]
at all adv • [..EDD at IV (1)]
at oneself adj phr • [EDD at VI (11) 1768➝]
audacious(ly) adv B • [EDD 1875➝]
ax n • [..EDD ax sb.1]
ay-la intj • [EDD 1877]
ayond prep • [EDD ayont, “Sc. Irel. and all the n. counties to Yks.”]
baby-clout n • [..EDD babby-clouts]
baby-rags n pl • [Cf EDD..babby-rags small bits, EDD Suppl. bab-rags clothes for a doll]
bachelor man n • [EDD 1874]
back along adv phr • [..EDD back-along 1, 1880➝]
back and to adv phr • [EDD 1886]
backband n • [..see also EDD]
backdoor trot n • [..EDD..]
back-end-to adv phr • [EDD back-end-fore 1886➝]
backie-horse n • [Scots backie a hoist onto one’s back (SND, EDD)]
back-jaw v, n • [Cf SND, EDD]
backway n • [Engl dial in same sense; see EDD backway sb.1]
backways adv • [EDD backway wrongly, awkwardly]
bad adj B1 • [..EDD bad 2]
bad adj B3 • [See EDD bad 3]
badly adj • [EDD “Sc. and n. counties”]
badman’s oatmeal n • Cf..EDD devil’s oatmeal
bad off adj phr 3a • [EDD bad 8(3), 1863]
bad sick adj phr • [EDD 1679➝]
baga n • [..cf Engl dial bagaroot, baggie a type of Swedish turnip (EDD)] (MAP)
bagonet n • [..cf EDD]
bait can n • [..cf EDD bait-bag..]
baker n1 3 • [EDD 1859➝]
baldhead n 3 • [Cf EDD bald 5 in similar sense]
ballad n B • [EDD ballet 1]
ballow v • [EDD ballow v 1]
bannock n • [Scots and nEngl dial]
banter v • [Engl dial]
bar-geist n • [Cf Engl dial barghest ghost..]
barick n • [Prob Engl dial bargh a long low ridge or hill]
barley bright n • [..barley break, the older English name for the game..]
barm n1 • [OE beorma, preserved also in Engl dial]
barm n2 • [..see EDD sb.2]
barmy adj • [..cf EDD barmy]
barrier n • [nEngl dial]
barrow ditch n • [EDD 1752-c1900, “Obs.”..] (Map Section)
bate v1 • [Engl dial from abate]
battle v 1 • [..see also EDD]
be v B1g • [..EDD be I.1..]
be v C1a • Cf EDD
bear-garden n • [Orig, in England, a place for baiting bears..]
beatenest adj • [..cf Engl dial beatem victor]
bed rug n • [Engl dial]
bee n2 • [..perh alter of been, bean varr of Engl dial boon: EDD boon sb.2 2..] (MAP)
bellows v C • [Engl dial] (MAP)
belly timber n • [Engl dial]
belong v B • [Engl dial]
bendy leather n • [EDD bendy leather (at bend sb.1)..]
bespoke adj 1 • [Engl dial; EDD “Obsol.”]
betimes adv • [..cf EDD betimes adv.2, Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
betwattled adj • [Cf EDD betwattled “confused, distressed, bewildered, stupid” and std twaddle, twat]
bezzler n • [EDD “anything very large of its kind”]
big bug n • [Cf Engl dial bug conceited, pompous]
biggin n • [Brit dial bigging]
big house n 2 • Cf EDD house sb.1 7 “The kitchen or general living-room in a farm-house or cottage”
billy n1 3 • [Cf EDD billy sb.1, used in compounds in names of animals, birds, and insects]
billy whicker n • [Cf EDD billy sb.1, used in Scots and nEngl dial names of..birds..]
bimeby adv • [..see EDD, OEDS bimeby(e)..]
bindle n • [..Engl dial bindle is rare and differs in sense]
birk n • [Scots, nEngl dial]
biver, all of a adj phr • [all of a + biver alter of Scots and Engl dial bever a shiver, tremor]
blackberry summer n • Cf EDD
black man n 1 • Cf black adj and EDD
blanket leaf n • [EDD 1882➝]
blimey n • [Ext of Brit intj blimey prob infl by limey.. Englishman]
blink v 1 • [..see EDD]
blood adv • Cf Brit bloody
blood alley n2 • [..EDD blood-alley “In gen. dial. use”]
blue devil n 2 • [Engl dial]
blueweed n 1 • [EDD 1750➝]
bobby n1 • [Transf from Brit bobby policeman]
bob calf n • [Engl dial bob a very young calf]
bob veal n • [Engl dial bob a young calf]
bodacious adj, adv • [..cf EDD boldacious]
bogart n1 • [Engl dial boggart hobgoblin, specter]
bogie n1 • [Brit bogie a low sturdy cart or truck]
bonce n • [Engl dial]
bone v • [Engl dial bone to annoy by constant solicitation; see EDD bone v.1]
boners v • [Prob Brit dial bunce n, a share, profit, and bunce intj, used to claim possession..]
booby hut n • [From booby hutch (in former Brit use) a small clumsy cart or carriage]
booger n1 2 • [Cf Engl dial bug, buggart a louse] (MAP)
bore for the simples v phr • [..Prob alter of Engl dial to have one cut for the simples; see EDD simple 7-8]
born days n • Cf EDD
boss n1 • [Engl dial buss, boss a young calf; see EDD buss sb.2]
boss n2 • [Engl dial; EDD boss sb.1 5 “A large round stone or iron ball, used in marble playing.”]
bounce n • [Prob coalescence of Engl dial bonce a large marble, a marble game, and bounce v]
bouncing Bet n • [Engl dial bouncing bess (EDD)]
bounder n • [EDD bounder sb.2 “A heavy blow”]
bow n1 • [EDD bow sb.1 12]
bowler n • [Engl dial bowl a marble, booler a large marble used for throwing]
boy’s-love n • [Engl dial: cf EDD..]
braggable adj • Cf..EDD braggable
brash n1 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
bravish adj • [Engl dial bravish considerable, pretty fair]
breaming adv • [Perh from Engl breme..]
brenth n • [Engl dial..]
brickle adj • [Engl dial; cf EDD, SND]
brimsy adj • [Engl dial breme, brim fierce + -sy familiarizing suff]
broadus n • [..perh by coalescence of brotta..(EDD) with AmSpan barata..]
brockle-faced adj • [Obs Engl dial..brock-faced white-faced, marked in the face with a streak like a badger]
broody n • [Engl dial; cf EDD broody 1, 2]
bruff adj • [EDD bruff adj.2 2 “Somewhat rough and blunt in manner.”]
bubbly-jock n • [Engl and Scots dial..]
buck n2 3 • [..cf EDD buck sb.11..]
buck n4 • [Perh from Engl dial buck the liquid in which cloth is boiled in bleaching]
buck n5 • [Engl dial buck the body of a cart or wagon]
buck n6 • [EDD buck sb.7 3, a hook or ring for attaching the trace to a plowbeam]
buck v3 • [Engl dial buck to wash]
buck and billy n • [EDD buck sb.3 3 the ‘driver’ used by players in the games of ‘buckstick,’ ‘spell and knur’..]
buck-kneed adj • [Cf EDD buck v.6, bucksheened “having the shin-bones bent or crooked”]
buckled up adj • [Cf nEngl and Scots dial buckle to marry]
bucky adj1 • [EDD bucky rank, sour]
budge n1 2 • [EDD budge sb.3 3 “Ir.”]
buffet n A1 • the initial stress and final |-t| remain characteristic of Brit pronc
buffle-brained adj • [Engl dial buffle fool..]
bufflehead n 1 • [Engl dial..]
bug n1 6 • [Engl dial]
bug n2 • [Cf Engl dial bug conceited..]
bugeye n2 • [Perh from Engl and Scots dial buckie shellfish..]
buggins n • [..cf Engl dial buggin hobgoblin]
bulchyn n • [..EDD “Obs.”]
bulger n1 2 • [EDD Suppl., nScotl a1905..]
bull-beggar n • [Engl dial bull-beggar a hobgoblin]
bull goose n • [EDD Suppl. bull-goose a gander]
bullnose pepper n • [EDD bull-nosed flattened] (MAP)
bull onion n • [Cf EDD Suppl. bull-neck an onion that does not form a bulb but grows somewhat like a leek]
bull-tucker n • [..tuck..to sound (EDD v.1) + -er]
bully n1 • [EDD bully, swEngl dial]
bulrusher n • [Engl dial]
bum n4 • [..cf EDD bum v.3 “To strike, knock” and sb.6 “A blow”]
bumbasto n • [..perh infl by Engl dial bumbaste to beat on the buttocks]
bummox n • [..cf EDD bummick a cow or ox]
bungums n • Cf knucks and see EDD for descr of the game as played in Yorkshire
bunty n • [Engl dial bunty]
burble n • [..EDD burbles “small tingling pimples..”]
bush v2 • [Cf EDD, SND booshie a call to cows]
busk v • [Engl dial; see EDD busk v.7]
bussen ppl adj • [..cf EDD bussen-bellied ruptured (at burst II 1)]
butter money n • [EDD]
buttle n • [Engl dial buttle to pour out drink]
buttony, buttony n • [Cf EDD buttony sb.]
butty n1 • [EDD butty sb.1 “A fellow-workman..an intimate friend” 1790➝]
by adv • [EDD by(e adv. 4 “Past, gone by, finished, over”..]
cacky v, n • [Scots, Engl dial cack, cacky to void (as) excrement]
caddy adj • [Engl dial caddy hale, hearty..]
caddy adj 2 • [Cf EDD caddle “Dainty, fastidious”]
cadgy adj • [Scots caigie wanton; cheerful, sportive;..see also EDD, SND]
cag out v phr • [Cf Engl dial cag crawl, move slowly (EDD cag v2)]
calico n B1a • [..cf..callack a young girl (EDD)]
calk down v phr • [Scots and Engl dial calk, cau(l)k..]
call v 9 • [EDD call v.1 III.4.(3)..]
called to straw adj • [..EDD bring to the straw..]
call hogs v phr • [..Engl hog pig]
call hogs v phr • this idiom is attested in both Scotland and England
callithumpian n • [..See EDD]
can v3 • [Cf Engl dial cand]
candle n A • [Cf Scots, nEngl dial can’le, cannle, etc]
cank v • [Cf EDD cank sb.2..]
cankerous adj • [Cf Scots, Engl dial cankered..]
can’t-help-it n 1 • [Cf EDD can v II.2, can’t-help-it “a violent disinclination for work, &c.”]
cap v 2 • [Engl dial]
cater v • [Engl dial]
cater- prefix • [Engl dial cater diagonally]
catercorner adj, adv • [Engl dial cater diagonally + corner]
cat-nipper n • [..perh from Engl dial nip..]
cause why conj • [Engl dial; cf EDD cause conj 2]
cawk v2 • [..cf EDD cawk v2..]
centipede n • [.. forms with final d or t are from Engl or directly from Fr centipède]
certain adv B3 • [Engl dial]
chance child n • [Engl dial]
chat n3 • [Cf EDD chat sb.1..]
chatwood n • [Engl dial chat a twig or small branch suitable for kindling]
chay v • [Ir; cf EDD chay, intj..]
check n1 2 • [Cf EDD check sb.2 3]
check v 2 • [Engl dial]
chee intj • [Cf EDD chee an exclamation of incredulity]
cheese v 1 • [Engl dial]
chibbole n • [Engl dial, alter of cibol]
chimney n • [Cf Scots and nEngl dial chymlay, chimblay..]
chip out v phr • [Engl dial]
chitterlings n pl 2 • [EDD chitterlings 3..]
chizzywink n • [..cf..EDD winkie tiny]
choaty adj • Cf EDD
chomp v • [Engl dial and US var of std Engl champ]
choo intj • [..Engl choo..see EDD..]
chook intj • [SW Engl dial chook..see..EDD choogey pig]
chop n1 1 • [Engl dial; cf EDD chop sb.2 4]
chuck n3 • [Scots and Engl dial: see EDD, SND]
chuffy adj1 • [Engl dial chuff, chuffy: see EDD chuff adj.1, adv.1, and sb.2]
chuffy adj2 • [Scots and nEngl dial chuff, chuffy: see EDD chuff adj.2]
chum n1 • [..cf obs Engl & Scots dial chum food (DSL, EDD)..]
clabberhead n • [Engl dial clabber mud]
claggy adj • [Engl dial and Scots claggy sticky, glutinous, muddy..]
clamp v2 • [Engl dial: cf EDD clamp v.4..]
clapperclawing vbl n • [Scots and Engl dial; EDD clapperclaw..]
clart v • [Scots and nEngl dial clart smear with dirt, befoul]
clash n • [Scots and nEngl dial; see EDD, SND]
clatchy adj • [Scots and Engl dial clatch mess; cf SND, EDD]
clatter n 1 • [Yorkshire dial; EDD clatter sb.1 2 “A blow..”]
clatter n 2 • [Scots and nEngl dial]
clatterbox n • [..EDD 1892]
clatter brain n attrib • [..cf EDD clatter-brains “a noisy do-nothing person”]
clatter goose n • [Engl dial]
clatty adj • [Scots, Ir, and nEngl dial; cf EDD, SND]
clatty adj 2 • [Cf EDD clatty 3, “Of weather: wet, rainy.”]
clayer n • [Cf EDD clay sb.1 4]
clevel n • [sEngl dial; see EDD]
clever adj 1 • [..cf EDD, SND]
clew n1 • [Scots, Ir, and nEngl dial; cf EDD]
clew v • [..occas in Scots and Engl dial..]
clew n2 • [..EDD clew sb.2]
clitch v • [..EDD clitch v.2]
clod n 3 • [..cf EDD clods miner’s shoes]
clod v 1 • [Also in Scots, Ir and Engl dial: see EDD, OEDS]
cloddered milk n • [EDD clodder a stiff curdle or mass]
clod fitter n • [..ult from Scots, nEngl dial fit foot]
clomper v • [c,nEngl dial; cf EDD]
clomper n 1 • [..cf EDD clomper sb.1 2..]
close adj, adv • [Cf EDD clost]
clout n2 • [..cf EDD clout sb.3 a clod of earth; a foolish or base person]
clubby adj • [Cf EDD clubby adj.1 “Thick-set, sturdy”]
cluck adj • [sEngl dial cluck..(EDD at cluck), nEngl and Scots clock-hen (EDD at clock v.2 sb.2)..]
clumber v • [Prob alter of Engl dial clumper..]
clump n • [EDD clump sb.1 2 “A heavy, inactive person”]
clumper n • [EDD clumper sb. pl. 4 “Thick, heavy shoes”]
clumse n • [..rel to Engl dial clumse speechless, loutish..]
clutch n1 1 • [Cf EDD clutch sb.2 2 “A quantity, number”]
coach-abower n • [Ir; see EDD]
cob n2 1 • [Cf EDD cob(b sb.1 15 “a game played with nuts” and 17 “a game at marbles”]
cob n2 2 • [Engl dial cob the seed of a fruit]
cob n2 5 • [EDD cob(b sb.1 II.5]
cobhouse n 1 • [Cf EDD cob-castle a flimsy building]
co-dack v phr • [..(cf EDD Dick sb.1)]
coddled ppl adj • [..see EDD coddle v.2 4]
coddy adj • [Prob from Engl dial cod a fool..]
codge n2 • [Cf EDD cadging-pouch..]
codger n • [Perh akin to Engl dial cadger an itinerant, an ill-tempered person; see EDD]
codger n 4 • [Cf EDD cadger sb.1 7]
codge up v phr • [Prob from Engl dial codge botch, mend clumsily, patch; see EDD]
cog n • [Scots and Engl dial cog..]
coggle v1 • [Scots and Engl dial..]
cohogle v • [Cf EDD connyfogle v.1..]
comb n B1 • [Scots and nEngl dial]
come in v phr 1 • [Engl dial; cf EDD come..]
conbobberation n • [con- + bobber as in Engl dial bobbery .. + -ation]
conkers n • [Engl dial; cf OEDS, EDD]
connyswaggle v • [Perh blend of Engl dial connyfogle to dupe, cheat + hornswoggle]
conqueror n • [Cf Engl dial conqueror a game played with shells or horse-chestnuts]
conscience n • [nEngl dial conscience estimation]
cooper up v phr • [Cf EDD cooper v.2..]
cooter v • [..See also EDD couther, cutter..]
coppy woods n • [coppy, Engl dial var of coppice..]
cord n 2 • [EDD cord sb. “pl. A contraction of the muscles of the neck”]
corky adj • [..EDD corky 3..]
corrupted ppl adj 2 • [EDD corrupted 1]
cove n2 • [Brit cove chap, bloke; prob from Romany kova thing, person]
cover n, v (pronc) • (Note: this pronc is also common in Engl dial; see SND, EDD kiver)
co-wench v phr • [co v + Engl dial wench cow] (MAP)
cowhanded adj • [cow alter of car left-handed, awkward;..see EDD car adj]
crab lantern n • [..cf EDD at crab sb.2 2]
cranky adj3 • [Engl dial cranky sprightly, merry, sportive]
cratch n1 • [Engl dial cratch a rack or crib for fodder]
crawm n • [..cf Scots, nEngl dial crame..]
creachy adj • [Var of Engl dial craichy infirm, ailing]
creel v • [Cf EDD creel v.2 2..]
creep n1 • [Engl, Scots dial creepie a low stool]
crim n • [Engl dial creem a shiver, chill]
crimmy adj • [Engl dial creemy chilly]
crink n • [..cf EDD crink sb.1..] (MAP)
crook n1 • [..Engl dial crook ‘pain or twinge’ (EDD)..]
croping adj • [Engl dial]
crow-biddy n • [..EDD..]
crud n B1 • [Scots and Engl dial]
cruddle v • [Scots and Engl dial]
cruddled milk n • [Scots and Engl dial]
cruddly adj • [EDD crudly]
crumplety horns n • [EDD crumpledy horn (at crumpled)]
crut n 1 • [Perh from Engl dial crut a dwarf..]
crute up v phr • [Perh EDD croot v..]
cudjo n • [Perh alter of Engl cudgel..]
cunny-fingered adj • [..cf EDD cunny-fingered at cunny sb.1]
cunny line n • [..cully-thumb (EDD Suppl., SND); cf EDD cunny-hole..]
curdle n2 • [EDD curdle sb.2..]
curled ppl adj • [..cf EDD curlings curds]
curly flower n • [..cf EDD curlyflower at curly adj. 1 (9)]
curnubble v • [..var of Engl dial knubble, nobble to strike..]
cush n2 • [Engl dial cush, cush-cow]
cush v • [Engl dial]
cussed gorm exclam • [..(see EDD gorm, garm)]
dabble v • [Engl dial]
daddock n • [Engl dial..]
daddy v 3 • [Cf Scots and nEngl dial father to indicate one’s paternity by resemblance]
daggly adj • [Engl dial..]
datter v • [Cf EDD dather v. 2 “To maze, bewilder”; ditter “To confuse, bewilder”]
dautie n • [..nEngl dial]
dead adj A • [Proncs of the type [ded] are found in some..Engl dial.]
dead adj B1 • [Engl dial]
dead n • [Cf EDD dead sb.2]
dead man’s pinch n • [EDD dead-man’s pinches (at dead-man)]
deadmen’s bones n • [Cf EDD dead-man’s bones (at dead-man) “Stellaria holostea”]
deaf adj B1c • [EDD (at deaf) 1746➝]
deaf ears n • [EDD 1851➝]
devil n • [Proncs of the type [dɪv^wl] are widespread in Engl dial; those of the type [dil]..in..nEngl dial.]
devil-in-the-bush n 1 • [Engl dial]
devil’s-claw n • [..EDD (at devil sb. 2)..]
devil’s darning needle n • [EDD (at devil sb. 1, 2)..]
devil’s horse n • [..cf EDD devil’s coach-horse, ~ racehorse (at devil sb. 1) a rove beetle..]
devil’s-snuffbox n 1 • [Engl dial] (MAP)
devil’s tether n • [EDD (at devil sb. 2)]
dib n1 1 • [Prob from EDD dib sb.3 2, 3 a sheep’s knucklebone or pebble used in the game of dibs]
dickey n2 2 • [..cf EDD dicky sb.2 3 “A short upper garment or over-jacket worn by working-men”]
Dick’s hatband n • Cf EDD
Dick’s hatband n 1 • [..EDD dick sb.1]
diddle n2 • [EDD diddle sb.6 “Ducklings...A call for young ducks”]
diddle v 4b • [EDD diddle v.3 5]
dike v • [Prob var of dight (cf..EDD dight v. 4) infl by deck;..not clear whether this reflects..Engl dial survival..] (MAP)
dildow n • [..cf EDD dilly sb.1 2 “A light wagon”]
dillberry n • [EDD dilberries 1879]
dindle n • [Cf EDD dindle sb. sow-thistle, hawkweed, dandelion]
ding v1 3 • [..EDD ding v. 13]
dinge n2 • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
dingle n1 • [Engl dial adopted as a literary word in the 17th cent]
dingle cart n • [Cf EDD dingle v.3 “To vibrate, resound, tremble”]
ding-toed adj, adv • [Cf EDD ding-dew (at ding v. 11. (1)) “a splay-footed person”]
dinky adj • [Scots, nEngl dial dink neat, nice, finely dressed]
dip n1 5 • [Engl dial] (MAP)
disbehave v • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
dish kettle n • [sEngl dial; see EDD]
dishybill(y) n • [..cf EDD dishabil, dishbill(e), deshabbily (at dishabille)]
dite n • [..nEngl dial, pronc-spp for doit; cf..EDD doit sb.1 2]
do v C4 • [Engl dial (cf EDD do v. II. 3)..]
dob n1 • [Cf..EDD dob sb.1 “A small piece of anything; a lump, ‘dollop’ ”]
dob n2 • [EDD dob-taw (at dob v.1 2..) “A large marble, a ‘lobber’ ”]
dobber n1 • [Prob EDD dobber sb. 3 “The float of the angler’s fishing line”..]
dobber n2 • [EDD dobber sb. 2 “A large, heavy taw or marble”]
dobbyhorse n • [EDD dobby-horse 2 “pl. The wooden horses or roundabouts at fairs.”..]
dob in the ring n • [..EDD dab at the hole “A game of marbles”]
dock n2 • [EDD dock sb.2 3..]
dogan n • [..EDD..]
dog daisy n 1 • [EDD 1887, 1891]
dog daisy n 2 • [EDD 1888➝]
doll n • [..EDD doll sb.3 “The hand, chiefly used of a child’s hand”]
doney n2 • [Prob var of Brit slang doña a woman, sweetheart..]
donicker n • [EDD dunnekin “A privy; an open cesspool”]
donsie adj • [Scots, nEngl dial donsie..]
doogie n • [CF EDD doogs the number of marbles one has risked in a game (“Obs.”)]
doopy adj • [Cf EDD doobie (at dobby sb.1) “A fool, simpleton, stupid fellow”]
doorstone n • [Scots, nEngl dial]
double-jointed adj 1 • [EDD double jointed “extra strong”]
doup-end n • [..nEngl dial doup bottom end (of an egg, candle, the human body, etc)]
dourie adj • [..EDD doury “dismal, gloomy” (at dour 2), and EDD durried “Confused, bewildered”]
douse n • [Scots, Engl dial]
down adv B2 • [Cf EDD down adv. 10 “Used as an intensitive;” possibly a minced form for damn]
down-along adv phr • [..EDD downalong “downwards, down the street or road, some little distance”]
down cellar adv phr • [Cf EDD down house downstairs] (MAP)
drabble v1 • [..EDD]
draft n1 B5 • [The std Brit name for this game..]
drag up v phr 1 • [EDD drag up (at drag v. II 5) “to bring up children badly”]
drake n2 3 • [Cf EDD drakes sb. pl.2 “The mark from which boys begin to ‘taw’ at marbles”]
drammel v • [Perh var of EDD drumble v.1 “To be sluggish and slow in movement;..to fumble”]
dream cake n • [..EDD dream-bit “a piece of wedding-cake to dream upon”]
dreeled-down adj • [Prob EDD drail (pronc [dril, dreəl]) “To drag or trail along”]
drib n • [..in Engl, Scots, Ir dial] (MAP)
dribble v • [Engl dial]
drift n 1 • [Scots and Engl dial drift a drove, herd, flock]
driggle n • [Prob Engl dial driggle to fall in drops, trickle]
drindle n • [Engl dial]
drindle v • [..cf Engl dial drindle to trickle, run slowly]
drint v2 • [EDD drent sb. “Also in form drint...A stain or mark left on badly-washed linen...”]
drip v B1 • [Engl dial] (MAP)
drippy adj • [Cf EDD dreepy “drooping, spiritless” (at dreep 4)..]
drisk n • [..cf EDD drisky drizzly, from Cornwall]
drive one’s ducks to a poor market v phr • [..cf EDD market sb. 2.(4), (5)..]
droll adj 1 • [Engl dial]
drop n C4 • [Engl dial]
drop v D1 • [EDD drop v. 15 “..to sow seed..”] (MAP)
drop v D4 • [Engl and Scots dial]
drop-eye n • [EDD drop-eye (at drop v. 12. (6))]
drop one’s wing v phr • [Cf EDD to wing down to court, pay attention to]
drought n A1 (pronc) • [Scots and nEngl dial]
drown the miller v phr • [Scots and Engl dial]
drumly adj, adv • [Scots and Engl dial]
dub v1 2 • [..EDD dub v.4]
dub v2 • [Cf EDD dub v.3 4 “to walk heavily, with short steps”]
dubbins n • [EDD dubbings (at dubs)]
dubious adj A • [All these types are found in Engl dial; cf EDD dubious, duberous, dubersome]
dubs n pl • [EDD dubs sb. pl. 1..]
dubs exclam • [EDD dubs sb. pl. 1..]
dubstand n • [EDD dubstand (at dubs) “a term used in the game of marbles”]
duck on a rock n • [Engl dial duck a stone used in games] (MAP)
dud n • [Engl and Scots dial]
duff n 1 • [Engl dial duff var of dough]
duff n 5 • [EDD duff sb.1 5]
duff v • [Cf EDD duff v.3 2 “To dive, plunge”]
duffing n • [EDD duff v.3 3, sb.4 4]
duke v • [Scots and nEngl dial var of duck to avoid, evade]
dukie n • [Prob var of EDD docky “A slight meal, taken by farm labourers in the middle of the morning”]
dull adj 1 • [Engl dial]
dull n, v2 • [Cf EDD dull sb. “Irel. A horse-hair noose or snare for catching trout”..]
dumb cake n • [Engl dial]
dummy n 1 • [..cf EDD dummy “A nickname for a tram, a colliery carriage”]
dunt adj • [Engl dial]
durgen n • [Cf EDD durgin..; EDD durgan sb.1 1..]
dusk dark n • [Cf EDD dusk o’dark] (MAP and Map Section)
dusty miller n • [Scots, nEngl dial for the common auricula Primula auricula]
Dutch morgan n • [EDD (at Dutch adj. 1. (9))]
eaceworm n • [..cf EDD easse]
easy adv 1 • [Cf EDD easy adv. 8]
eating poss n • [..cf..Engl dial pace-egg Easter egg]
eenamost adv • [Engl dial; e’en even + amost]
effet n • [sEngl dial; cf EDD (at evet)]
egg v1 • [..cf EDD hag(g) v.1 1.] (MAP)
egg v1 B • [Engl dial; cf EDD egg v. 2]
egg cheese n • [Engl dial; cf EDD (at egg sb. 1)]
emmet n • [Engl dial]
empt v • [Engl dial]
-en suff1 • [..EDD attests abouten 1853➝, withouten 1793➝..]
end on adv phr • [Cf EDD end sb.1 1. (13)]
Episcopalian n, adj • [Cf..EDD Episcolaupian..]
-es suff1 1a • [Engl dial; cf EDG §378]
-es suff1 1b • [Engl dial..]
-es suff1 2 • [Engl dial; cf EDG §§383, 384]
-es suff1 4b • [Engl dial; cf EDG §391]
even n • [Engl and Scots dial]
evendown adj • [Engl dial]
evening n B • [Engl dial] (MAP)
evenly adv • [nEngl dial, cf EDD]
everly adv • [Scots, nEngl dial]
eyes n • [EDD eye sb.1 10]
eyeseed n • [OED, EDD]
fact n, v A1 • [Scots dial, 1836➝; cf EDD, SND]
fag n • [..perh also assoc with Brit fag a public-school boy who acts as servant to an older boy]
faggot n • [Perh from Engl dial faggot a term of abuse for a woman or child, transf to an effeminate or unmasculine man]
fagot n1 • [Engl dial, from fag(g)ot a bundle of sticks]
fahdoodle n • [Var of 17th cent Brit fadoodle nonsense]
faintified adj • [EDD Suppl; cf -ified]
faith you exclam • [Cf EDD faith]
fan v A6 • [Cf EDD fan v. 8 “To stir as with a whisk”]
fancy n 2 • [EDD fancy sb. 2 “A lover, sweetheart”]
farren n • [Cf EDD farren a division of land, freq used for pasturage..]
farrow adj • [Scots, Engl dial farrow, of unknown derivation; see OED]
fash v • [Scots and Engl dial;..cf OED, SND, EDD..]
fat adj2 • [EDD fat adj.2 1828➝]
fat hen n • [..cf EDD fat-hen]
fault v B3 • [Cf EDD fault sb. 3 “Harm, injury, wrong”]
fazzled adj • [Cf EDD fazle out “to ravel out” (at fazle v., sb.)]
feared adj • [Engl dial]
feeting n 1 • [EDD feetens, feetings (at footing sb. 2 “A footprint”)]
feeze n, v • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial, from ME fesen to drive off, frighten]
feist n • [Abbrs for Engl fisting-hound, foisting-hound..]
fell-field n • [Scots, nEngl dial fell a rocky hillside; a stretch of high, open untilled land]
fernling adv • [Prob Scots fairlins, Engl dial fairlings completely, absolutely]
fessed up adj phr • [EDD fess adj..]
fetch n1 • [Engl dial; EDD fetch sb.1..]
fetch v B12 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
feustering vbl n • [Cf EDD fooster v. “to fuss or fumble about in a futile, purposeless way.”]
fever and lurk(s) n • [EDD fever-lurk “idleness, indolence, laziness” (at fever sb. 2)]
few, a adj phr • [Engl dial]
filliloo bird n • [Cf EDD fillyloo sb. “An uproar” and int. “An exclamation.”]
filth n • [..cf EDD filth sb.2 4 “Weeds”]
finagle v, n • [Cf EDD fainaigue v. 3 “To deceive by flattery; to obtain by improper means, to cheat.”]
find up v phr • [Engl dial; cf EDD find v. 3]
finely adj • [Cf EDD finely adv. 2 “Used predicatively as a quasi-adj.: very well in health, convalescent.”]
fire and tow n • [..cf EDD “of a hasty person: irascible” (at fire sb. 4)..]
fire bob n • [Cf EDD bob sb.1 9 “A small insect”]
first adv C2 • [Engl dial; cf EDD first adv. 4]
first along adv • [Engl dial; cf EDD first adv. 5]
first-footer n • [N Engl and Scots dial; cf EDD, SND]
first off adv phr 1 • [EDD first adv. 5. (3). (a)]
fissle around v phr • [Scots, Engl dial fissle, to fidget, bustle]
fitch v • [Prob var of filch, but perh rel to Scots, nEngl fitch to shift, remove]
fitten adj • [Engl dial; pronc varr of fitting]
fitty adj1 2 • [Engl dial; EDD fitty adj.1 6 “In good health, well”]
fitty adj2 • [Engl dial; EDD fitty adj.2]
fixen n • [..EDD “Fixen..Obs.”]
fixment n 1 • [EDD fixment sb. 1 “The furniture of a house.”]
fixment n 3 • [Cf EDD fixment sb. 2 “A dilemma.”]
fizz n1 1 • [Engl and Scots dial; cf EDD, SND]
flam v2 • [Cf EDD flam sb.3 “A heavy fall; a violent stroke.”]
flamigig n • [Cf EDD flam sb.1..; flammy v..; gig sb.6 2..]
flannel cake n • [..cf EDD flannel sb. 3 “A coarse oatcake”..] (MAP and Map Section)
flannen n • [Scots, Engl dial varr of flannel]
flapper n 1 • [Engl dial]
flare v B • [Engl dial]
flatter v2 • [Perh Scots and Engl dial flatter to float, flutter]
flax v 1a • [Appar in ref to the beating of flax; cf Engl dial flaxen to beat, thrash]
flea v • [Arch and Engl dial varr of flay]
fleak n2 • [EDD flick sb.2 (also fleck, fleek) “The inside fat of a pig, which is melted down for lard.”]
fleck v • [..cf EDD flick v.2 “Also in forms fleck..fleek”]
fleece v 1 • [EDD fleece v. 6 “To thrash, chastise, beat”]
fleech v • [Scots and nEngl dial]
fleshen up v phr • [EDD (at fleshen)]
flibbity adj • [Perh EDD flip adj. “Pliant, flexible”..]
flicket v • [Engl dial]
flight n • [Cf EDD flight sb.1 3 “A collection of beings or things; a quantity; a crop”]
fling n • [..EDD flink 4. (1)]
flink v2 • [swEngl dial flink, to fling, toss, sprinkle]
flip n1 4 • [EDD not to care a flip (at flip sb.1 2)]
flirch adj • [nEngl dial flurch a large quantity]
flirt n 2 • [Cf EDD flirt sb. 8 “A slight shower”]
flit v 1 • [Scots, nEngl dial; OED 1504➝]
flitchet n • [Perh var of Engl dial flicket a tatter, rag]
flittermouse n • [OED 1547➝; widespread in Scots and Engl dial]
float n 7 • [Cf EDD float v. 18 “To pare turf or stubble from land”]
floozy adj • [Perh from Engl dial floosy fluffy, soft < floose (flooze, etc)..]
flosh v • [Engl dial flosh to splash]
flour cake n • [Engl dial]
flow adj • [Perh EDD flow adj.1 “windy, boisterous, stormy,”..]
flow n2 • [Scots, nEngl dial “a bog, swamp”]
flowerpot n 1 • [Engl dial (Gloucester). Note: EDD flower-plot (at flower) is an error for flower-pot.]
flowsy adj • [Prob var of frowsy (perh infl by blowsy), but cf EDD flowsy (at flowse adj.) “a slattern”)]
fluke v2 • [Prob Engl dial fluke, to wheedle, cajole]
flummox v • [Engl dial and colloq; OED 1837➝]
flummuck v • [Cf EDD flummock v. 4 “To hurry and confuse”]
flumucky adj • [EDD flommucky, flummocky (at flummock) “slovenly..untidy”..]
fluzzy-headed adj • [..cf EDD fluz(z v. 3 “To crumple, ruffle”]
fog n1 • [Engl dial]
fogle n • [Perh Ger Vogel bird; but cf Engl dial fugle to whistle]
fogo n • [Engl dial; perh var of hogo n1, infl by fog]
follow-taw n • [(EDD) follow-tar, folly-~]
foot-and-a-half n • [EDD Suppl. foot-and-hawve]
foot-pie n • [..cf EDD foot sb. 6 “A closed tart or pie”]
for prep B2 • [This use is found in some Engl dial, but has prob been infl by one or more African languages..]
for prep B4a(3) • [EDD for prep. 1. (19) (b)]
for prep B4a(4)(a) • [EDD for prep. 1. (17)..]
for prep B5 • [Engl dial; perh from for “as regards” with ellipsis of its object..]
foredoor n • [Engl dial; OED 1581➝]
forked end n • [EDD (at fork sb. 4)]
for keeps adv phr • [Prob Scots dial, though the only citation in EDD (at keep sb.1 II. 17. (8)) is dated 1893]
fornent prep • [Scots, nEngl, and Ir dial]
for why adv • [Engl dial; OED ➝1700; EDD 1828-1896]
foul adj • [Engl dial]
fox v 3 • [EDD foxed ppl. adj. 3]
fox and geese n 2 • [Similar tag games..are called fox and geese in Engl dial] (MAP)
foxy adj 7 • [EDD foxy adj. 1..; cf EDD fox-day (at fox sb. 1. (2)), foxing-day (at fox v. 7)]
frail n • [Engl dial, var of flail by rhotacism]
franzy n • [Engl dial varr of frenzy]
frap v • [Engl dial]
frazzle v • [Engl dial]
freeze v A • [Cf similar forms in EDD]
French grass n • [Cf EDD]
French nettle n • [EDD (at French adj. 2. (10))]
French pink n • [Cf EDD]
French sparrow n • [Cf EDD (at French adj. 3. (11))]
French tag n • [Cf EDD (at French adj. 1. (6))]
French woodpecker n • [Cf EDD (at French adj. 3. (12))]
frill n • [Engl dial; cf EDD frill sb. 2..]
fritter n 1 • [Cf Engl dial frit a kind of pancake, and fritter a small pancake containing currants] (MAP)
frogsticker (knife) n • [Cf EDD Suppl. stick-frog] (MAP)
frousty adj 1 • [Engl dial; cf EDD frowsty adj. 1]
frousty adj 2 • [Cf EDD frowsty adj. 2 “Dull, heavy-looking; peevish, crusty”]
frowsicating ppl adj • [Cf Engl dial frowze to rumple]
frowy adj2 • [..cf Engl dial frow an untidy, messy woman]
fry n 4 • [Cf EDD fry sb.2 1]
fub v1 2 • [EDD fub v. 1]
full adj B2 • [Chiefly Scots dial; cf EDD]
full v 2 • [EDD 1641➝; DJE 1797➝]
full-handed adj • [Cf EDD full-handed (at full adj. 7 (3)) “In good circumstances”]
fur n2 • [Engl dial; by apoc from furrow]
fussock n • [Engl dial fussock a stupid person..]
gab n1 • [Scots, nEngl dial var of gob mouth] (MAP)
gabble racket n • [..Engl dial forms are folk-etyms of ME Gabrielle rache..]
Gabriel’s hounds n pl • [..see also EDD at Gabriel(’s hounds]
gaff n, v A • [..see also EDD (at gaft), DNE]
gaffer n1 • [..see also EDD]
gaily adj • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial; see EDD (at gaily) and SND (at geylies)]
gale n1 • [..cf..EDD gell sb.2 3..]
gale n2 • [sEngl dial (EDD gale sb.2 1)]
gall n2 1 • [EDD gall sb.2 6]
gall n2 2 • [EDD gall sb.2 7..]
galley-west adv, adj • [Varr of Engl dial collywest(on) contrarily, askew] (MAP)
gallie n • [Cf EDD galley-bird the green woodpecker]
gallon n B • [sEngl dial; EDD gallon sb.1 1]
gallop v B • [Engl dial]
gallus adj • [Engl dial; see EDD gallows adj. 10, 11]
gallus n • [..widespread in Brit folk use in var forms--see..EDD gallows sb. 6]
galore n • [..common in Engl dial (cf EDD galore sb. 2)]
gam n1 • [Perh abbr for obs Engl gammon lively talk, chatter]
gambrel n 1 • [..varr listed here are found also in Engl dials]
gambrel roof n • [From gambrel 1, either directly or through Engl dial gambrel hock..] (MAP)
gammet n, v • [EDD gammet sb. “Fun, frolic, sport; a game, joke, whim, trick”..]
gammick v • [Varr of Engl dial gammock; see OED, EDD]
gander v 1 • [Engl dial “to wander aimlessly”; cf OED, EDD]
gander v 2 • [Cf Engl dial gander-month, ~ moon the month of (or after) a wife’s confinement..]
gang v • [Scots, nEngl dial]
gang harve n • [EDD harve sb.1 a harrow]
gansey n • [Engl dial gansey (EDD)..]
gant adj • [Arch and dial Engl pronc-spp for gaunt (see..EDD at gant adj.)]
gant-gutted adj • [..cf Engl dial ganty-gutted (EDD at gant adj. 2)]
garden house n • [Also Engl dial..] (MAP)
garden spot n • [Also in Engl dial; see EDD (at garden sb. 2)]
gashly adj • [Arch and dial Engl form of ghastly;..EDD]
gaufre n • [Either directly from Fr gaufre waffle, or through Engl dial (cf..EDD gaufer)]
gaum n2 • [EDD gaum sb.3..]
gaum v1 • [EDD gaum v.3..]
gaum v2 • [EDD gaum v.4 “To stare idly or vacantly..gape..be stupid, awkward”]
gauming adj • [..cf EDD gauming (at gaum v.4)]
gaumy adj1 • [EDD gaumy (at gaum v.3)..]
gaumy adj2 • [..cf EDD gaumy (at gaum sb.3)]
gaup v • [Engl dial; OED 1682➝]
gauster v • [EDD gauster v. 1 “To bully..to be turbulent..to brag”]
gawk n • [EDD gawk sb.2]
gawk n 4 • [Brit dial gowk cuckoo; cf EDD gowk sb.1 3. (3)..]
gawk v • [EDD gawk v.2 “with about: to wander aimlessly about”]
gawky n • [EDD gawky sb. 3]
gearing n • [Engl dial]
generally always adv phr • [EDD 1875]
get v D3 • [Cf Brit usage He’s getting an old man = He’s becoming an old man]
giblets n pl • [Engl dial]
gift n • [Engl dial]
gig n1 • [EDD gig sb.6 2 “Fun, frolic; a taunt, jibe; a trick”]
gin conj1 • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
gin conj2 • [Scots, nEngl dial; aphet forms of again..]
gitlet n • [Prob Scots, nEngl dial get brat, bastard; dimins gettling, gytling, etc]
give v A • [All of these types of non-std forms occur also in Scots or Engl dial..]
givey adj 1 • [Cf EDD give v. II. 9 “..Hence Givey or Givy...Of the ground: damp, soft, full of moisture.”]
glab v • [..cf EDD glab sb. 1 “Foolish, idle talk”]
glabber v • [Scots, Engl dial; cf EDD glabber v. 1 “To chatter, jabber, gabble”]
glass n • [The change of gl > dl by assimilation is common in Engl..dial..]
glib-glab v • [..EDD glib v. “to talk rapidly and volubly”]
glom v1 • [EDD glaum v. 1 “To grasp, clutch at, snatch..”]
glut v • [..cf also EDD glut sb.3 4]
go v A • [Cf similar forms in EDD]
goat’s hair n • [Scots, nEngl dial]
gobbin v • [Cf..Engl dial gubbins fragments]
gobble v2 • [Prob EDD gobble v. 3 “To do anything in a hasty or superficial manner”..]
god rock n • [Cf EDD god-stone (at god sb. 1. (15))..]
go in v phr 1 • [Scots, Engl dial]
good man n • [EDD the Good man (at goodman sb. 7) “a child’s name for God”]
gool n2 • [Prob EDD gowl sb.2 1 (also sp gool)..]
gooney n • [EDD gawney (varr goney, gony, gooney) “A fool..a stupid awkward person”]
go out v phr 1 • [EDD go v. II. 3. (24) (b)..]
gormed adj, adv • [EDD gorm; perh rel to gaum v2]
gosling grass n • [EDD 1854➝]
grabble v 2 • [Engl dial; cf EDD grabble v. 1, grapple v. 2..]
grabble v 3 • [Engl dial; cf EDD grabble v. 3, grapple v. 3]
granther n • [..cf Engl dial grandfer]
gray plover n 5 • [EDD 1885]
grease v B2 • [Engl dial]
green gravel n • [Engl dial]
grindlestone n • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
grip n 1 • [Cf EDD grip sb.4 12 “A sharp pain, esp. in the bowels..”]
grudgin n • [..cf EDD grudgings sb. pl. “Obsol...1. Coarse wheaten meal”]
Guinea n3 • [..cf EDD guiny “An expletive”]
gulch v • [Engl, Scots dial; cf EDD]
gullick n • [..cf..EDD gullock “To swallow greedily”]
gully n 3 • [EDD gully sb.2 1 “a narrow brook or stream”]
gully n 5 • [Cf EDD gully sb.2 5]
gum n1, v1 • [The form goom is the expected reflex of OE góma..and survives in Engl dial.] (MAP)
gump n1 1 • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial]
gumption n • [Scots, Ir, Engl dial]
gumptious adj 1 • [Scots, Ir, Engl dial]
gunk n 1 • [Cf EDD, SND gunk a dunce or blockhead..]
gush n B4 • [Engl dial] (MAP)
gut n 3 • [Cf EDD gut sb.1 5 “A glutton”]
gutling adj • [Cf EDD gutling ppl. adj. (at guttle v. 1. (2). (b)) “greedy, gluttonous.”]
gutter n1 2 • [..EDD ➝1889]
gutty adj • [Scots, nEngl dial; cf SND gutty (at guttie adj. I. 2)..]
guy n • [Engl dial; cf EDD guy sb.2 “A disguised form of the word ‘God,’ used in petty oaths.”]
guzzle n 1 • [Engl, Scots dial]
guzzle n 2 • [..EDD guzzle sb.2 5 “Food, esp. drink; ale, small beer”]
guzzle n 3 • [Engl dial; cf EDD guzzle sb.1 1 “A drain, gutter, a narrow ditch.”]
gype n • [Scots, Ir dial; cf EDD gype v. and sb. 3]
hack n3 • [Cf EDD hack sb.2 19 “A wooden grating or fence set across a stream to catch fish.”]
hack v1 2 • [..EDD hake v. 4 “To tease, worry, importune” also hock v.2 “To jeer”]
hack v1 4 • [Cf EDD hake v. 1 “To wander about aimlessly and idly; to loiter or lounge.”]
hack v4 • [Cf EDD howk int. “An exclamation used to attract the attention of horses running loose in a field.”]
hacking and hammering vbl n • [EDD hack and hammer “To hum and haw; to hesitate or stammer in speech.” (at hack v.1 27)]
hackled ppl adj • [Engl dial; see EDD hackle v.2 2. (1) “Hackled..peevish, cross-grained, angry”..]
hackling adj • [Engl dial; see EDD]
haffers n pl • [Prob var of Engl or Scots dial halver/halfer a half]
hag v1 • [Engl dial; cf EDD hag(g) v.1 1]
haggle n • [Cf EDD hag sb.6 7 “A clearing or cutting down of timber; a cutting in a wood”]
haggly adj • [EDD haggly rough, unevenly cut (at haggle v. 1)]
hain’t v • [..Engl dial; cf EDD have v. I. 1. ii..]
hair n B1 • [..once common in Engl..]
haish exclam • [Cf Scots, Engl dial hait a call to urge animals on]
half v C • [..Scots and Engl dial; cf SND, EDD]
half acre exclam • [Cf EDD half adj. 6 (1)]
half-ham v • [Cf EDD half-hammer..also hammer v.1 9..]
half in two adv phr, adj phr • [..cf EDD half in two (at half 9. (4))]
half-strainer n • [Cf EDD half-strain “mongrel,” half-strained gentry “ ‘shabby-genteel’ persons”]
halvers n pl • [Cf EDD halver]
ham n2 • [Cf EDD haulm sb. 5 “The husk of corn or of peas, beans, &c.”]
ham-sam adv • [EDD ham-sam “in confusion or disorder”]
ham-scram n • [Cf EDD hamstram “Difficulty”]
hand running adv phr • [Cf EDD (at hand 1. (79))]
handy adv • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
hang v A1 • hing and heng are Scots, nEngl dial for hang in all senses except “to execute by hanging”
hanover n 2 • [..as a euphem for Hell cf EDD]
hantle n • [Scots and nEngl dial “a handful; a large quantity or number”..]
happen v B2 • [Cf EDD happen v1 2]
happenchance n, v • [Cf EDD (at happen v1 6. (1))..]
hardbound adj • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
hard by prep phr, adv phr • [Cf EDD hard by (at hard adv. 2 )]
hard-favored adj • [Engl dial; cf EDD at hard adj. 1. (17)]
hard pushed adj phr • [EDD hard-pushed (at hard adj. 1. (45)) “hard put to it”]
harken on v phr • [EDD (at hearken v. 8) “to encourage, urge on, incite”]
Harry Dick n 1 • [Cf Engl dial Old (or Lord) Harry the devil]
harve v • [Cf EDD harve v. “To harrow”..]
hassle v • [..cf EDD hassle “To hack at; to cut with a blunt knife and with a sawing motion.”]
hassock n • [..EDD hassock sb. “Also hassick..hussick..hussock”]
hat n B1 • [Cf EDD hat-sheaf or shav (at hat sb.1) “The covering sheaf of a corn-stook”]
havance n2 • [..EDD havance “Obs...Manners, behaviour.”]
hawbuck n • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
hawps n • [EDD hawps “A tall, awkward person”]
he pron 1 • [..cf EDD he II. 2]
he pron 3 • [Cf EDD he II. 4]
he pron 4 • [Cf EDD he II. 3]
he pron 5 • [Cf EDD he II. 4]
he pron 6 • [Cf EDD he II. 6]
head adj • [Cf EDD head II.18 “Chief..best, most excelling”..]
hear v A1b • [Cf EDD year, yer(r) (at hear v. I.1.(8),(9),(10)) and DJE yerry]
hear v A2b • [Cf EDD heern (at hear v. I.3.(11))]
hear v A2d • [Cf EDD yeard, yerd, yih’n and varr (at hear v. I. 2, 3)]
hear v B1 • [..Engl dial]
heart n1 B4 • [Engl dial; cf EDD heart 8]
heather v • [..cf EDD hither 2 “To the left.”]
heave v A1 • [Scots, Engl dial hive; cf SND, EDD (at heave)]
height n • [Forms with [-ɵ]..superseded in std use by Scots, nEngl dial forms with [-t]..]
height n B • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
hell n 1 • [..cf..EDD hell sb. 4 “Obsol. A dark place in the woods”]
hell-for-leather adv • [Engl dial; cf EDD (at hell sb. 1.(9))]
hellhole n • [Cf EDD hellhole “a dark nook supposed to be haunted” (at hell sb. 1. (10) (b))]
hellion n • [Prob var of Scots and Engl dial hallion, hallian, hallyon “idler, rascal” infl by hell; cf EDD, SND]
help v A1a • [Engl dial..cf EDD help I.1.(4),(5)..]
help v A2a • [Engl dial..cf EDD help I.2.(4),(6)]
help v A2b • [..cf EDD help I.2.(5)..]
help v A2c • [[..cf EDD help I.2.(9)..]
help v A3a • [Engl dial; cf EDD help I.3.(5),(8)]
help v A3b • [..cf EDD help I.3.(6),(9)]
help v A3c • [Engl dial; cf EDD help I.3.(7)]
help v B1 • [Cf EDD help II.1.(4)]
helpsome adj • [Engl dial; cf EDD helpsome “Ready and willing to help”..]
hen n1 B6 • [Engl dial; cf EDD (at hen sb.1 3.(4)..]
henflesh n • [Engl dial; cf EDD (at hen sb.1 1.(19))]
hen-headed adj • [Cf EDD hen-headed (at hen sb.1 1.(23))]
hen-hussy n • [Cf EDD hen-hussey (at hen sb.1 1.(28))]
hen pen n • [Engl dial; cf EDD hen-pen (at hen sb.1 1.(37))]
hen scratching n • [Cf EDD hen’s-toes “bad writing” (at hen sb.1 l.(51))]
herb n, v A • [Cf EDD herb sb. and v. 1]
herb v C • [Engl dial; cf EDD herb sb. and v. 7 “To gather herbs...”]
here adj, pron C • [..cf..EDD these II.2.,4, this II.7.(4)]
here adv, adj, exclam, pron A3 (pronc) • [Cf EDD yere (at here adv.)]
hereaway adv • [Engl, Scots dial]
here comes a duke n • [Cf EDD duke sb.1]
hern pron • [Engl dial..]
hey v • [Cf EDD hey “to cry ‘hey’ ” (at heigh int. and v. 4)]
hicket n • [..EDD hicket v. “To hiccup”]
hickledy-pickledy adv • [..see EDD]
hickwall n • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
hide n2 2 • [EDD hide sb.1 4 “Obs.”..]
hide-and-coop n • [Cf EDD hide v.2 II.1.(8)]
hide and hair adv phr • [..EDD hide and hair “the whole” (at hide sb.1 2)]
hide-and-whoop n • [Cf EDD hide v.2 II.1.(9)]
hidey-hole n • [..EDD hidy-hole (at hidy adj.)]
hie v • [Cf EDD hie int and v.1]
higgle v • [..EDD higgle v.1 “In dial. use in Sc. Irel. and Eng.”]
high geranium n • [Folk-etym var of hydrangea; cf EDD]
high-low-jack n • [..cf EDD]
hightantrabogus n • [..cf EDD tantarabobus “A name for the devil; a bogie”]
hight-l’arnt adj • [Cf EDD high-learned “scholarly, well-educated” (at high adj. 1.(26))..]
hike v 1a • [EDD hike v. 12 “To move suddenly or hastily; to go away”]
hike v 5 • [EDD hike v. 3 “To throw; to throw up”]
hike v 8 • [EDD hike v. 7 “To snatch away; to run off with anything, not necessarily with a felonious intention”]
hill n 3 • [EDD hill sb.1 5]
hillins n pl • [EDD hilling sb. (1) “bed-covering, a coverlet, bed-clothes” (at hill sb.2 1)]
him adj • [Cf EDD hims poss. pron.]
him pron • [Cf EDD im, em, um “Dial. forms” (at him pron. I)]
him pron B4 • [Cf EDD him II.4]
him pron B5 • [Cf EDD him pron. II.3]
hinder n • [EDD hinder sb.2 4]
hindside-before adv • [..EDD hin’side (at hind adj. 2.(10))] (MAP and Map Section)
hinge n • [Cf EDD hinge sb. 3 “pl. Fig. Joints”]
hip v2 • [Perh from Scots, nEngl dial hip to hop, skip]
hipped adj1 • [..EDD hipped ppl. adj.1 “Injured in the hip”]
hipped adj2 • [..EDD hipped ppl. adj.2 1]
hipple adj • [Cf Scots, Ir, nEngl dial hipple to limp]
hippo n2 • [EDD]
his adj A • [Cf EDD hees, he’s (at his pos. pron. I.(6),(7))..]
his adj B2 • [Cf EDD his poss. pron. II. 3 “her”]
hisn pron • [c,sEngl dial..]
hiss v 1 • [SND, EDD (at hish)]
hisself pron • [Engl dial;..EDD]
hit v 1 • [Engl dial;..EDD hit v. and sb.1 II.7,13]
hitch v 1 • [Cf EDD hitch v.1 1 “To move about..by a series of jerks; to make room”]
hitch v 2 • [Cf EDD hitch v.2 8 “With off or out: To unharness”]
hitch v 3 • [Cf EDD hitch v.2 11 “To agree”]
hither horse n • [..EDD hither adv. 2 “To the left”]
hit it v phr 1 • [..EDD hit “with it..to agree”]
ho v c • [EDD ho-back (at ho int. 1 (1))]
hobble n1 • [Engl dial..]
hobble n2, v • [Engl dial hobbil n, v; cf EDD]
hobble n3 • [..Engl dial hobble pigsty; see EDD hobble sb.3]
hobbled ppl adj1 • [Cf EDD hobble v.1 4..]
hobblefoot n • [..cf EDD sb. hobbing-foot (at hob v.1 20)..]
hobbling vbl n 1 • [Cf EDD hob v.3..]
hobnobble v • [..nEngl dial, cf EDD]
hoffler n • [Cf EDD huffler sb. 2]
hoggy exclam • [Cf EDD hog sb.1 4..]
hoggy adj 2 • [Perh from Engl dial hog an animal of less than a year]
hogo n1 • [Engl, IrEngl dial < Fr haut gôut..]
hogo n2 • [EDD ho-go sb.]
hog pig n • [EDD (at hog sb.1 (13))]
hog pudding n 2 • [Cf EDD hog’s pudding (at hog sb.1 (15))]
hoick v • [Cf EDD hoick v...]
hoist n D2 • [..cf EDD heights, heist]
hoist n D4 • [EDD hoist sb. 3]
hoist v C1a • [Cf EDD hist int., v. 2. a]
hold n A1 • [Engl dial..]
hold n B1 • [..EDD hold sb. 12..]
hold v B1c • [Cf EDD hold v. 17..]
holey n 1 • [Cf EDD holie]
holiday n • [..EDD holiday sb.4..]
holler v, n1 • [Cf EDD hollo v. “Also..hollow..holler”..]
holler v B1 • [Cf EDD hollo v. 1..]
hollow n1, adj • [EDD hollow sb., adj..]
holy dance n • [Cf EDD holy dance..]
home adv E • [..also EDD go home (at home sb.1 2. (7) (b)..]
home n, exclam, v, adv • [EDD home..]
homebringen n • [..cf EDD homebringing (at home sb.1 1)]
homely adj • [Cf EDD homely adj..]
homely adj B2 • [Cf EDD homely adj. 1..]
hone v • [EDD hone v.2 2..]
honeyfuggle v • [Perh var of Engl dial connyfogle v...cf also EDD gallyfuggle v...]
honey pot n 2 • [EDD honey pots (at honey sb. 1 (22) (c)..]
hooch v • [Cf EDD hootch v...]
hook n 3 • [Cf EDD to be off the hooks (at hook sb.1 2. (5))..]
hook v 3 • [Cf..also EDD hookv.2 l..]
hooker n1 3 • [EDD hooker sb.1 3]
hookey exclam • [..perh var of Scots, Engl dial kye cows]
hookie n • [Cf EDD hookie (at hokey int., sb.)..]
hooley n • [Cf..also EDD hoolybus sb..]
hoosh exclam • [EDD hoosh int. 1..]
hoot n1 1 • [Cf EDD hooter sb.2..]
Hope n • [Cf..EDD hope sb.2 1]
hopper-tailed adj • [Cf EDD hopper-arsed (at hopper sb.1 3. (1) (b))..]
hop the twig v phr • [..EDD to hop the twig (at hop v.2 2. (1))..]
horn n 4 • [..cf EDD horn sb. 10]
horn n 8a • [..cf EDD in a horn (at horn sb. 2. (6))..]
horny man n • [Cf EDD Hoorniman (at hornie sb. 1)]
horse n, v • [Cf EDD horse..]
horse n B10 • [Cf EDD horse sb. 14..]
horse beast n • [..cf EDD horse-beast (at horse sb. 1 (9))]
horse cobbler n • [EDD cobbler sb.1 3..]
horse hole n • [Cf EDD horse wash (at horse sb. 1. (121))..]
horse tree n 2 • [EDD (at horse sb. 8)..]
hosebird n • [EDD hosebird sb. 2..]
hosen n pl • [Engl dial..]
hot beans n • [EDD hot beans and butter (at hot adj. 2 (4))]
house n, v • [Cf EDD house..]
house n B1a • [EDD house sb.1 6..]
house n B1b • [Cf EDD house sb.1 7..]
housell adj • [..cf EDD housel adj. 3]
housen n1 1 • [Engl dial; house + -en suff2]
hove v2 • [EDD..]
hovel n 1a • [..EDD hovel sb.1 1]
hover n • [EDD hover sb. 13..]
how exclam • [Cf EDD how int. 3]
howbeever adv • [..cf EDD how it be..(at how adv. II. 1. (13))..also EDD howmiver (at howsomever)]
how-come-you-so adj 1 • [Cf EDD how came you so (at how adv. II. 1. (6))..]
howsoever adv • [Cf EDD howsoever adv..]
howsomever adv 1 • [EDD howsomever adv..]
hub n 1 • [Engl dial hob, hub..EDD hob, hobber (at hob sb.2 3)]
hubble n • [Var of EDD hobble sb.1 8]
hubbly adj • [Engl dial; cf EDD hobbly (at hobble sb.1 8)]
hubby adj • [Engl dial; cf EDD hobby and hubbed (at hob v.1 9)]
hucklemybutt n • [Cf EDD huckle-my-buff..]
hud n • [Engl dial; cf EDD hud sb. 1]
hudder n • [Cf EDD hooder sb. 1..] (MAP)
hudge v • [Var of EDD hodge v. 2..]
huffjuff n • [..cf EDD huff v.1 2..]
hug n 3 • [Cf EDD hug v. 4..]
hug-me-tight n 3 • [Cf EDD hug-me-close (at hug v. 1)..]
hull-gull n • [Cf EDD hull v.2 1..]
human n B1 • [Cf EDD]
humbug n 1 • [..EDD sb. humbug..]
humgumptious adj • [Cf EDD humgumption sb..]
humor n B1 • [EDD humour sb. 1..]
humor n B2 • [EDD humour sb. 2..]
hump v 2 • [Cf EDD hump v. 7..]
hunch v 1a • [EDD hunch v. 2..]
hunch v 1c • [EDD hunch v. 2..]
hundred n, adj A3 (pronc) • [..EDD hunder.]
hundred n B2a • [EDD hundred sb. II. 6]
hungry adj, n • [Cf EDD hungry..]
hunker n1 • [EDD hunkers sb. pl.]
hunty gray n • [Cf EDD hunty sb..]
hup v • [EDD hup(p) int. and v. 2..]
hupple v • [Cf EDD hipple v.1..]
hurrah n B1 • [Cf EDD hoo-roo sb. 1..]
hurrah n B2 • [Cf EDD hoo-roo sb. 2..]
hurry v 2 • [Cf EDD harry v.2]
hurryment n • [..cf EDD hurrysome adj. 1..]
hurt v • [Cf EDD hurt v. I..]
hurt v B • [Cf EDD hurt v. 2..]
hussy n1 B2 • [Cf EDD huss(e)y..]
hutch n1 • [..EDD hutch sb. 2..]
hyped up adj phr • [..cf EDD hike v. 4..]
hy spy n • [..EDD hy-spy..]
ice candle n • [EDD (at ice sb. 1 (2)) 1736 ➝]
idiot stick n 1b • [Cf EDD idjit sb., nidget sb.2]
iky adj • [..cf EDD ikey adj. “Proud”]
illegal adj • [EDD illegal sb. and adj. “A bastard...Illegitimate”]
impudent adj • [Cf EDD imperent “A corruption of the word ‘impudent’ ” and EDD impident]
in prep B3b • [..EDD in prep. 8, quots 1835, 1877]
in about adv phr • [Cf..EDD in-almost (at in adv. II.2.(2)) “almost”]
in and out adj phr, adv phr • [Cf EDD in and out (at in adv. II.3.(7)(6)) “now and again, intermittently”..]
inching vbl n a • [Cf EDD inchin’ (at inch v. 4)..]
increase of the moon n • [..EDD has 1887 ex at keep v. 3(5)]
infare n • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial; cf EDD, SND]
inkle n 1 • [EDD inkle sb.2 3 “A notion, hint, suspicion, ‘inkling.’ ”]
inkling n • [Engl, Scots dial; cf EDD inklin(g sb. 1]
inside adv 4 • [EDD inside adv. “in an inner room, in the next room”]
intend v • [..cf also EDD intend v. 1]
into prep B1 • [Scots and Engl dial; cf SND intae prep. 1; cf EDD into prep. 3]
into prep B2 • [Cf EDD into prep. 4]
in-ty adv • [..cf EDD in-ty(e) “not I,” used after a negative assertion]
in under prep phr • [Engl dial; prob var of earlier anunder]
invite n • [..EDD]
inwards n pl • [..The loss of w..appears to be widespread in Engl dial (EDD inwards sb. 4).]
Irish n1 B1 • [..Cf EDD Irish sb.2]
Irish daisy n • [EDD 1876]
iron bar n • [EDD (at iron sb. 1.(3)) 1886]
it pron A1 (pronc) • [Scots, nEngl dial]
it pron D • [EDD]
jabble v • [Prob Scots, Ir, nEngl dial jabble to agitate..a liquid; cf EDD jabble sb.1 6..]
jack n2 2a • [..or from Scots and Engl dial chack, var of check pattern of differently colored squares]
jack bite n • [Prob folk-etym for Scots, Ir, nEngl dial chack a snack + bite]
jack mosquito n • [Cf Nfld, Engl dial jacky longlegs crane fly]
jackrock n 3 • [Cf EDD jack sb. 30 “a portion of stone in the roof of a mine”..]
jackstone n • [Folk-etym for Engl chackestone (OED) at checkstone sb.1)]
jack up v phr 3 • [Cf EDD jack v.1 4 to beat]
jag v1 • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
jaggle v • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
jallus n2 • [Cf EDD gallus (at gallows sb. 4) “The devil, deuce, used as an exclamation or mild oath”..]
jamb n • [Cf..EDD jamb sb. 4 “A corner made by a projection”]
jamble n • [..but cf EDD jabble sb.1 6 “fig. turmoil, confusion”]
jamb-rock n • [Cf EDD jamb-stone (at jamb sb. 2.(3))..]
Jan van Gent n • [Cf EDD gant sb.3 “The gannet or solon-goose, Sula bassana.”]
jaybird n • [Prob from Engl dial jay-bird..(cf OED, EDD jay sb.)]
jaybird n 5 • [Cf EDD jay-legged “Small or feeble in the legs”]
jerk n1 B3 • [Cf EDD in two claps of a lamb’s tail (at lamb sb. 3. (1))]
jerp n • [Cf EDD jirt “A dram or small quantity of drink”]
jewlark v • [Cf gill, jill a girl, sweetheart, and EDD lark v. “To flirt”]
jib n1 1a • [EDD jib sb.2 1]
jibble v • [Cf EDD gibbles sb. pl...and jibbly..]
jib-job lot n • [..cf EDD jibs “Small, waste pieces of cloth”]
jib-rag n • [Cf EDD jibs “Small, waste pieces of cloth”]
jiffin(g) n • [..EDD “Obs.”]
jiggamy n • [EDD jiggamy..]
jigger n1 2 • [Cf EDD jigger sb.4..]
jigger n1 4 • [EDD jigger sb.1 1..]
jigger v2 • [Cf EDD jiggered exhausted, tired]
jimmy adj • [Engl dial]
jimpsecute n • [..cf EDD jimpsey (at jimp adj.) “neat, smart” + cute..]
jing n • [Scots, Engl dial]
jism n • [..cf EDD chissom sb. and v...]
job n1, v1 • [EDD job sb.1 4, v.1 9]
jobber n • [..cf Engl dial jobber small spade (EDD job v.2 2)]
jobbernowl n • [EDD jobbernowl sb. 2..]
jock n 1 • [EDD jock sb.1 4]
join v B2 • [EDD join v. II.2]
jollop n • [Cf EDD jollop sb. “A semi-fluid mess of anything..”]
joogle v • [Scots, Engl dial; EDD (at juggle v.2)..]
josh v • [Cf EDD joss v. 1..and 4..]
joskin n • [Engl dial]
jouk v1 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
jounce v • [Cf EDD jounce v. 2..]
journey-proud adj 1 • [EDD (at journey sb. 6)]
jow v • [Cf EDD jow v.3 “To talk loud”]
jukey adj • [Cf..EDD jouk v.3 “To bow, bend, make obeisance.”]
jump jacket n • [..but cf Engl dial jump a man’s loose jacket]
jump up v phr 1 • [Cf EDD jumped-up do (at jumped-up ppl. adj. 3)..]
jundy v • [Cf EDD jundy v. “Sc. Irel.” 1...2...]
junky adj • [Cf EDD junky (at junk sb.1 1) “thick”..]
just adv • cf EDD just adv.
kaput adj • [..cf EDD Suppl. go capooch (at capooch)..]
keech cake n • [Cf EDD keech sb.1..]
keep v B2 • [..cf SND, EDD]
keeping room n • [Cf EDD keeping-room (at keeping ppl. adj. 2.(4))..]
kettle tea n • [Cf EDD kettle-broth (at kettle sb.1 1.(4))]
kewster n • [Cf obs Engl coistrel, custrel a knight’s page..]
kibby n2 • [Cf EDD kib sb.1..]
kicky adj • [Cf EDD kickish (at kick v.1 6) “irritable”]
kilgubbin n • [Cf EDD gobbin sb.1.. and gubbin(g)s..]
killick n • [..killick is also reported from Dorset, England...]
kindly adv • [Cf EDD kindly adv. 9..]
king’s ex exclam, n • [Cf EDD king’s,..(at king sb. 10, 1...kings and crosses are common truce terms in ceEngl..] (MAP and Map Section)
kipe v • [..cf EDD kip v. 4..] (MAP)
kipper adj • [EDD kipper adj. 1..] (MAP)
kiss-me-quick n 1 • [Cf EDD..]
kitchen n2 • [Perh < Scots, Engl, Ir dial kinch..]
kitchen n2 1 • [Cf EDD kinch sb.1 1..]
knabbler n • [EDD nabbler (at nabble v.2)..]
knead v • [..Engl dial; cf EDD kned, ned (at knead v. I.2(3), 3(4), (8))]
knee baby n • [Cf..EDD knee-bairn]
knit v 1 • [EDD (at knit v. I.2)]
knit v 2 • [EDD (at knit v. I.3)]
know v B4b • [Cf EDD kneawn, knew (at know v. 3.(6), (7))]
knuck n1 2a • [Cf EDD knuck sb.1 2..and nags (at nag sb.5 3(2))..] (MAP)
knuck n1 2b • [Cf..EDD nag sb.5 10..]
knuckle n 3 • [Cf EDD knuckle sb. 4..]
knuckle v b • [EDD (at knuckle v. 8)]
knuckler n • [EDD knuckler (at knuckle sb. 7)]
knurl n • [Cf EDD knurly (at knurl sb. 2(2))..]
lab one’s mouth v phr • [Cf EDD lab v.3..]
lace v 2 • [Cf EDD lace v.2 “To go along at great speed”]
lad n • [Cf EDD lad-bairn, lad-lass (at lad sb.1 1)]
ladder n • [..EDD lather (at ladder sb. I.(6))]
laden n 1 • [..cf EDD lade v.1 2.(7),(9)]
ladies’ grass n • [EDD 1837 ➝]
lady’s-nightcap n • [EDD 1825 ➝]
lag v1 • [Appar Brit dial; cf..EDD lag sb.3, laggy adj. 2, sb. 4]
lag n1 1b • [Cf EDD lag sb.3 “A game of marbles”]
lag v1 1b • [Cf EDD lig up (at lag sb.3)]
laggy adj • [Engl dial; cf EDD laggy 1..]
lam v 2 • [Cf EDD lam v. 4 “To run quickly”]
lamb’s leg n • [Engl dial; cf EDD [lamb]’s-leg, lambs’-legs (at lamb 1.(13)) nasal excrement]
lamb’s tongue n 2 • [EDD 1886]
lamb’s tongue n 4 • [EDD 1879 ➝]
lame n • [Cf EDD lame sb.1 5 “A hurt, injury”..]
lamming adj • [Cf EDD lamming (2) (at lam 1) “huge, great, violent”..]
lamper eel n 1 • [Engl dial]
lamplighter n2 • [Cf EDD (at lamp sb.1 1.(2))..]
lander n1 • [EDD lander sb. “A heavy blow”]
land-horse n • [Engl, Scots dial; cf EDD (at land sb.1 1.(24))..]
lap n • [..cf EDD lap sb.3 2 “The lopped-off branches of trees”]
lap v2 • [..cf EDD lap v.4 “To lop off branches of trees”]
lap v3 • [EDD lap v.3 1 “To flog, beat.”..]
lap-love n • [EDD 1796]
lapsided adj • [..cf also EDD lapsided, SND lab-sided (at lab- adj.)]
lark n2 • [EDD lark sb.2 3 “A wild fellow, a ‘rattlepate.’ ”]
larricky adj • [Cf EDD larruping ppl. adj. (2) (at larrup v. 2) “ungainly, thin, tall”]
larrup v 2 • [Cf EDD larrup v. 2 “To walk in a heavy, shambling manner”]
larrup v 3 • [Cf EDD lerrup(s “A lazy, slovenly fellow; a slut...Hence lirripy, adj. slouching”]
larruping adj 1 • [..cf EDD larruping (2) (at larrup v. 1)] (MAP)
lashings n pl • [Engl dial; cf EDD lashin(g)s and lavins (at lashing 1)]
lasty adj • [nEngl, Scots dial; cf EDD lasty..]
lattermath n • [..EDD (at latter adj. (8))]
laugh n, v A (pronc) • Proncs of both the types [læf] and [lɑf] have been current in std Brit Engl since at least the 18th cent.
laugh v C1 • [Cf..EDD laugh v. II.1.(5)]
laugh v C2 • [Cf EDD laugh all over the face (at laugh v. II.1.(3))]
launch v1 • [Cf EDD lanch, lonch, etc. (at launch v. and sb.)..]
lavins n pl • [..cf EDD leavin(g sb., lashin(g sb. 1]
Lawrence n • [Cf EDD lawrence sb. 2 “idleness personified; laziness, indolence”]
lay in v phr 1 • [Scots, Engl dial]
lay one’s tongue to v phr • [Scots, Engl dial]
layover(s) to catch meddlers n • [..EDD lay-overs (varr include lare-overs, layers, layo(r)s, leeoze)..] (MAP)
lay up v phr 7 • [Cf EDD lay up ..and lig up (at lag sb.3)]
lazybed n • [..EDD lazy-bed (at lazy adj. 1.(4))]
lazy jack n • [Cf EDD lazy-back (at lazy 1.(I)(c)) a hangnail]
leader n 2 • [Cf EDD leader sb. 4 “An artery”]
leak n • [Cf EDD leak sb. 3]
leak v • [Scots, nEngl dial]
leary adj • [Cf EDD leary “half-witted” (at lear adj.1 1.(3))]
leather-winged bat n • [Cf EDD leather(-winged) bat (at leather sb. 1.(2), 1.(22))..] (MAP)
lend the loan of v phr • [EDD lend the loan of (at loan sb.1 1.(2))]
lennegy adj • [Prob var of EDD lennucky (at lennock adj.) “1. Limp...2. Pliant...3...long, slender.”]
lerrupy n • [Prob EDD lerrup sb. 3 “pl. Scraps of meat, liver, &c., sold by butchers. Cor[nwall]”]
lessen conj1 • [Cf EDD (at less conj.1 2)..]
lessen prep • [EDD less conj.1 and prep. 3]
let v B2 • [Cf EDD let v.1 II.2]
letter n 1 • [Scots, Engl dial]
library n B1 • [Engl dial]
lick-pot n • [..EDD (at lick v. 1.[8])]
lift n1 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
lift v 3 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
like v1 C1 • [EDD like v.2 4 “To take a liking to a place or situation”]
like vbl aux E2b • [Cf EDD (at like adj. 4.(7)(a), v.1 18)..]
liken vbl aux • [EDD liken v. 2]
limb of Satan n • [..cf EDD limb sb. 2, 8]
lion’s-mouth n 2 • [EDD 1878–86]
lippin v • [Scots, nEngl dial lippen]
listener n • [Cf EDD listener an ear]
little Jack n • [Cf EDD little Dick]
little Sally Walker n • [..EDD (at Sally sb.1 2.(6)) shows Sally Walker to be the dominant form in Scotl as well as nEngl.] (MAP)
little Sally Water(s) n • [EDD “Sally Water(s, Warty, or Walker, children’s singing games” (at sally sb.1 2.(6))] (MAP)
liver-pin n • [Cf EDD liver-pin “a pin jocularly supposed to secure the liver”]
loaden v • [..see also EDD, SND]
loady adj • [Cf EDD loady “top-heavy, loaded,”..]
loaf bread n • [Scots, Engl dial] (MAP)
loam n • [..see also EDD loomy (at loamy adj.1)]
lob n • [EDD lob sb.1 1 “A lump; a large amount; a wide extent or surface.”]
lobber v • [nEngl, Scots dial lopper, lapper..] (MAP and Map Section)
loblolly n 3 • [Cf EDD loblolly sb. 2 “A stout, well-developed child.”]
lobscouse n 1 • [..EDD]
lobster n A • [..cf SND, EDD lapster..]
lock-eye n • [Cf EDD lock v.1 5 “To shut...Lock up your eyes”]
lodge v • [..EDD]
loft adj • [Var of loath; cf EDD]
loggerhead n 1 • [..EDD]
logy adj 1 • [Cf EDD louggy, loogy..and loggy adj. 2..(Hampshire and Isle of Wight)] (MAP)
lolly n • [Cf EDD lolly sb.3 “Obs...Broth, soup, or other food boiled in a pot.”]
lompus adj • [Cf EDD lompus (at lumpus) heavily, headlong, in a lump; a heavy fall]
lone n • [Scots, Engl dial;..EDD lone sb.2 5; SND lane adj. 2]
lone woman n • [EDD lone woman (at lone adj. 3.(2))..]
loney v • [Cf EDD loney “A cry made to a child to encourage it in its first attempts to walk alone”..]
long adj B3a • [..see also EDD (at long adj. 5)..]
long v B1 • [..EDD long v.2]
long east and a short west n • [Cf EDD longer east, shorter west (at long adj. 3.(8))..]
long finger n 1 • [..EDD (at long adj. 1.(50))]
long-fingered adj • [EDD (at long adj. 1.(51)) 1842..] (MAP)
longful adj • [..see also EDD]
longheaded adj 1 • [..cf also EDD (at long adj. 1.(64))..]
long home n • [..EDD (at long adj. 1.(66))]
longman n • [..EDD (at long adj. 1.(105))]
longnose n 1 • [Cf EDD longneb..(at long adj. 1.(110),(111))]
long oat n • [See EDD to give a horse long corn (or oats)..(at long adj. 1.(113))]
long pasture n • [EDD (at long adj. 1.(117))..]
longsome adj • [..perh infl by arch or Brit dial longsome long, tedious]
long taw n • [EDD long tawl (at long adj. 1.(157))]
long tongue n 1 • [..cf also EDD (at long adj. 1.(164)(a),(165))]
long tongue n 2 • [EDD (at long adj. 1.(164)(b))]
lookers n pl 1 • [Cf EDD looker sb. 1 “An eye.”]
lop v2 • [Cf EDD lap v.3 1 “To flog, beat”]
lope v1 • [Scots, Engl dial var of Scots loup, lowp to leap]
loplolly adj • [Cf EDD lop-lolly (at loblolly sb. 1)..]
loppus n • [Cf EDD loppus a lazy fellow (at lop v2 1.(3))]
lose v A1 • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial loss, swEngl dial lost]
losset n • [Obs Ir, nEngl dial < Ir losad kneading-trough]
louk n • [..cf also EDD lout v.2 1 “To stoop”]
lounce out v phr • [..cf EDD lowance v...]
louse around v phr • [Cf Scots, nEngl dial lowse to stop working]
love-lies-bleeding n 2 • [EDD 1882]
love-me n 1 • [EDD 1876]
love-pain n • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
lozenger n • [Scots, Engl dial varr of lozenge]
luggish adj • [Cf EDD luggish “Dull, heavy, stupid”]
lummox n • [Engl dial] (MAP)
lumping adj • [EDD lumping ppl. adj. 1 “Large and clumsy; heavy”]
lumpus adv • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
lumpus n • [Cf EDD lumpus “A heavily-built, rough, clumsy person”]
lurgy n • [EDD lurgy, also lurgy-fever..”Idleness, laziness”]
lurky n • [EDD lerky “A noisy game, played with any old tin”]
lusty adj 1 • [Scots, Engl dial]
mackly adj • [..cf EDD mackled “spotted”]
make v1 A • [The proncs [mɑk, mɛk] are common in nEngl, Scots dial.]
make v1 D12 • [..cf SND spune, EDD spoon]
make of v phr • [Scots, nEngl dial]
make out v phr 3 • [..but cf also EDD make v.1 II.(15)(a)]
malahack v • [EDD malahack]
mammock n • [..EDD]
mammock v • [..EDD]
man n C2 • [..common in Scots and Engl dial..]
mang n • [..cf EDD mang.. mung sb. 3..]
manner n 3a • [EDD to leave some manners in the dish, manners-bit (at manner sb.1 1.(6), 2)] (MAP)
marching around the levee n • [..The commonest Brit version begins “Round and round the village,”..]
mardling n • [EDD (at mardle sb.2)]
marlberry n • [Perh marl Brit var of marble..]
marsh bird n • [EDD 1830 ➝]
marvel n1 • [Engl, Scots dial]
mast n1 • [..both mask and mass are attested in Engl dial]
master adj • [EDD master adj. 16]
master adv • [EDD master adv. 17]
may v B • [..EDD can v. II.1]
mayflower n1 6 • [EDD 1877 ➝]
May water n • [EDD May-dew, May-water (at May sb.1 1.(12), (36))..]
meal of victuals n • [EDD meal’s victuals (at meal sb.1 1.(4))]
measuring worm n • [..EDD measuring bug “A caterpillar”] (MAP)
meat n 3 • [Cf EDD meat sb. 4..]
meddle v 1 • [Scots, nEngl dial; cf EDD meddle v. 3, SND middle v. 1]
meg n 1 • [Cf EDD meg, meggy (at mag sb.2)..]
mellow v • [Prob EDD mell v.1 “To hammer..to beat severely”..]
mend v 2 • [Cf EDD mend v. 8 “To grow stout.”]
mess n 5 • [Cf EDD mess sb.2 4 “Ordure..”]
Methodist ax n • [Cf EDD methody-hammer..]
might n • [EDD might sb. 1]
milkmaids n • [In England applied to Cardamine pratensis as well as other plants; See OED, EDD]
milkmaid’s path n • [EDD (at milk sb. 1.(25)) “the milky way”]
mill n1 3 • [Cf EDD mill sb.1 5..]
ming-mang n • [Cf EDD ming-mang “disorder,” ming “mixture”]
minnow n A3 • [..EDD minnie sb.2]
minnow n A5 • [..EDD mennem, mennon..]
minnow-fole n • [Cf EDD fole (at foal sb.2)..]
misery n • [Engl dial]
mixy-maxy adj • [Scots, Engl dial; cf EDD, OED (at mixty-maxty)]
moky adj • [EDD moke sb.3 1..]
molly-hugging vbl n • [Prob by analogy with mollycoddle and similar constr in EDD..]
money n 1 • [EDD money sb. 5..]
money grass n • [EDD 1881]
money plant n 1 • [EDD 1848 ➝]
morphodite n • [..EDD morfreydite]
mostly adv • [Scots, Engl dial]
mother bunch n • [..cf EDD bunch sb.1 7..]
mother’s heart n • [EDD 1853 ➝..]
motte n • [..cf EDD moat sb.] (MAP)
mould n • [..EDD mole sb.2]
mourn v 1 • [Cf EDD mourn v. 1..]
much adj 2 • [EDD much adj. 2]
much v • [Engl dial]
much-what adv • [EDD much adv. 4.(7)]
muck n1 3 • [Cf EDD muck sb. 6]
muck n1 4 • [EDD muck sb. 7]
muckle v 2 • [EDD muckle v.1 3]
muckle v 3 • [Cf EDD muck v. 17 (with about)..]
muckle-dun adj • [Cf EDD muckle sb. 1..]
mud-fat adj • [Engl dial; cf EDD mud-fat (at mud sb.1 3)..]
mudge n • [Perh Scots, Engl dial mudge a movement, stir]
muffle-jawed adj 2 • [EDD muffle sb. 2..]
muggled up adj phr • [Cf EDD muggle v.1 1..]
muley adj, n2 • [EDD moiley..]
muley n2 C3a • [Cf EDD moiley sb. 2..]
mull adj, n1 • [..EDD moil sb.1 “A cow without horns”..]
mulligrub n 1 • [Transf from mulligrubs, appar infl by PaGer mollekopp, mullikopp tadpole and std Engl grub]
mummer n1 • [Engl dial]
mung you (all) pron • [..cf Suffolk dial you mong she (EDD at mongs)]
murgens n • [Cf..EDD mirge sb...]
mush n2 • [..cf nEngl dial muss [m^Us] the mouth]
mussel duck n • [EDD 1862 ➝]
must vbl aux 1 • [Cf EDD must v.3 “3. May...4. Shall.”]
muster v • [Cf EDD muster sb.1 4 “A litter.”]
mutton-tops n • [EDD 1848]
mux n1 • [Perh transf from swEngl dial mux, mucks mud, mire..]
mux v • [Engl dial..]
muxy adj • [Transf from swEngl dial muxy, mucksy muddy, miry..]
myself pron • [Cf EDD myself “Also in form meself Ir.”..]
nag v • [..Cf also EDD gnag v. 1]
nairn pron • [Engl dial narn, ne’ern, nern, contrs of ne’er (a) one (see EDD never a one)]
nary adj • [Engl, Ir dial forms of never a (EDD at never a, never a one)..]
near cut n • [nEngl, Scots dial; cf EDD]
neb n 3 • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
neb v • [..cf EDD neb sb., and v. 16..]
needcessity n • [Brit, esp Scots, folk-etym for necessity]
neighbor v • [Brit dial]
nervish adj • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial; cf EDD]
nesh adj • [Engl, Scots dial; cf EDD nesh adj]
nessy n • [..but cf EDD nessy a privy]
new-milch adj • [Cf EDD new-melched cow (at new 4.(7))..] (MAP)
newsy adj • [EDD newsy (at news sb. 2)..]
nicker n1, v • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial] (MAP and Map Section)
nicket n • [Cf EDD nippet “A small quantity”]
niff n • [EDD niff sb.1 1..]
niff-naff n • [Cf Scots, nEngl dial niff-naff a trifling or unimportant thing]
nigger n2 • [..cf EDD nigger sb.1]
nimshi n • [EDD nimshie “A flighty girl”]
ninny n1 • [EDD ninny v.2 to whinny, sb.2 a whinny]
noculate v • [..cf EDD, with one ex from sEngl]
noggin n 3 • [Cf EDD nog sb.1 1 “A small log, or rough block of wood”]
noggle n 1 • [Cf EDD noggle-head (at noggle v.) a blockhead]
noodle v1 • [..cf Scots, nEngl dial guddle..]
noration n • [..cf EDD oration..n-oration..]
notion n 1 • [nEngl, Scots dial..]
notionable adj • [Cf EDD notionable “Having a fancy or inclination to a thing”]
nubbie n • [EDD nobby sb.2 “Dev. Cor...A small cake or bun”]
null v2 • [Cf EDD nool v. 2 “To benumb, to allay or assuage pain.”]
numb adj • [EDD num(b adj. 1 “Clumsy; stupid; dull, heavy, insensible”; numb-head (at numb adj. 2.(5)); numby sb. “A dolt.”]
numpy n • [Cf EDD numps “A dolt, a fool”]
oats, peas(e), beans, and barley grow(s) n • [EDD oats and beans and barley (at oat sb. 1.(20))]
obfusticated adj • [..EDD 1888]
oceans n pl • [Engl dial] (MAP)
odd-come-short n • [Cf EDD odd-come-short-lies..odd-come-shorts..]
of prep C4 • [..may be from Scots, nIr dial; cf..EDD of prep. 14] (MAP)
offen prep • [Chiefly Scots, nEngl dial; see SND affin, EDD off prep. 2.(14)]
off-fall n1 • [Cf EDD off-fall (at off adv. 1.(6)).., off-falling (at off adv. 1.(8)(b))..]
old-man’s-beard n 4 • [EDD 1886 ➝]
old woman is picking her geese, the phr • [..EDD (at old adj. 1.154.d)]
on prep B2a • [Cf EDD on prep. II.2]
on prep B2b • [Cf EDD on prep. II.2]
on prep B2c • [Cf EDD on prep. II.3]
on prep B3a • [Cf EDD on prep. II.10, SND wait v. I.B.1.(3)(i)] (MAP and Map Section)
on prep B5 • [..EDD on prep. II.6 1806 ➝]
on prep B6 • [Cf EDD on prep. II.7]
once adv B • [..but cf EDD]
ooch v1 • [EDD hootch v. “[ūtʃ.] To crouch, sit huddled up.”]
oods n pl • [Cf EDD odds sb.5]
oonch v • [Cf EDD hunch v.1 “[unʃ.]..To push..”]
open adj B2 • [Cf EDD open adj. 4..]
orphan n • [..EDD orf’lin..]
ought v C1a • [Cf EDD ought v. II.1]
ought v C1b • [Cf EDD ought v. II.1]
ought v C2c • [Cf EDD ought v. II.1]
out adv B8 • [Scots, Engl dial; cf SND out adv. II.4, EDD out adv. 13]
out n F1 • [Engl dial]
out n F2a • [Engl dial] (MAP)
outen prep 1 • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
overplush n • [..EDD 1838 ➝]
pack v 2c • [Cf EDD..(at pack v. 11)..]
packwack n • [..varr recorded in EDD..]
pair of bars n • [pair; cf EDD]
parcel n, v • [Spp of the type passel..appear widely in Engl dial..]
parcel n, v • [..parshel, parshal are occas attested in Scots, nEngl dial.]
parliament house n • [Cf EDD parliament 5..]
parson’s nose n • [Engl dial] (MAP)
patch n 1 • [..cf EDD patch sb. 1]
pattern n • [Scots, Engl dial]
pawn n • [EDD pawn sb.(2)..]
peck n1 • [Engl dial var of pick..]
peedoodle n • [Cf EDD peedoddle “To dawdle”]
peel v2 • [Prob EDD pail v...]
peeler n2 • [Perh from EDD pail v...]
peewee n1 2 • [EDD pee-wee sb. 2]
peggy n1 • [Brit dial: EDD..; SND..] (MAP)
pelter v • [Engl dial;..cf EDD pelter v. 1]
penny-dog n • [Scots, nEngl..]
penny duck n • [EDD..]
pennywinkle n • [..Engl dial varr of periwinkle n2]
peony n1 1 (pronc) • [piony..and the syncopated pin(e)y are widespread in Brit dial..] (MAP)
peony n1 3 (pronc) • [By syncope of the std pronc; cf EDD]
pepperidge n • [Engl dial..the barberry or its fruit..]
perjinkety adj • [Brit dial; cf..EDD perjinkety]
pernickety adj • [..nEngl dial; cf EDD pernickety]
peruse v • [Scots, Engl dial]
pestle-tail n • [EDD pestle-tail ..]
piano plant n • [..cf EDD piano, pyanno (at peony)]
pickleweed n 1 • [..EDD pickle plant (at pickle sb.2 1)]
piece n 8 • [Scots, Ir, Engl dial] (MAP)
pig n1 B13 • [EDD pig sb.1..]
pig n2 • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
pigeon gull n • [EDD (at pigeon sb. (5))..]
piggle v • [Engl dial]
pike v3, n4 • [Prob EDD pike v.2 9..]
pilau n1 • [..Engl borrowings..through var intermediaries..] (MAP)
pin-basket n • [Engl dial]
pincushion tree n • [EDD 1896]
pindle v • [..cf EDD pindling..and pinder..]
piney rose n • [..and varr (EDD at peony)..]
pink v • [EDD pink v.4 4..]
pink in v phr • [Engl dial; ult < Du pinken..]
pipjenny n • [..Cf EDD pip sb.1 5..] (MAP)
pismire n 3 • [Cf EDD pissimire..]
piss-a-bed n 3 • [EDD 1897] (MAP)
pitchpole v • [Engl dial;..EDD pitchpoll v. 1..]
plane tree n 2 • [..for Acer pseudoplatanus in Scotl and nEngl]
pluff adj • [swEngl dial pluff(y) soft, spongy]
pluffer n • [nEngl..dial; cf EDD pluffer (at pluff v.)]
plump v • [Engl dial]
plunk v • [Engl dial]
plunker n 1 • [Engl dial]
pock-leg n • [Cf EDD pock v.2 2..]
pod n 3 • [..EDD pod sb.1 2]
pod n 4 • [Cf EDD pod sb.1 4 ..]
poig exclam • [Cf EDD poo-ik int...] (MAP)
poison adj C3 • [EDD]
poke n1 2 • [EDD poke sb.1 8 “The belly..”..]
poke n1 3 • [Cf EDD (at poke sb.1 1)..]
poke n2 2 • [EDD poke sb.5 18]
poke-hole n • [Cf EDD.. “A small or wretched building.”]
poked out ppl adj phr • [Cf EDD poke v.2 9..]
pole v 3 • [..prob of Engl dial origin; cf EDD pole v. 7]
politicianer n • [EDD]
polluted adj 1 • [Cf EDD..”Sc. Irel...pass. To be overrun, beset with.”]
pomace n 2 • [..Engl dial evidence..for the sg use...Cf EDD pomace]
pomper v • [..EDD pomper v. “To feed up. A dial. form of ‘pamper.’ ”]
pooch v • [Engl dial var of pouch v; cf EDD..]
pooching vbl n1 • [Var of poaching; cf EDD..]
poor do n 1 • [Cf EDD poor do (at do sb. 2)..]
poppy show n • [Scots, Engl dial; varr of poppet show..]
porridge n A • [..in Scots and Engl dial porridge is often construed as a collective plural]
poss v • [Scots, nEngl, Ir dial poss, pous]
pot n 5 • [Scots, nEngl dial...cf EDD pot sb.1 7..; SND pot n.1 4..]
pot n 6d • [EDD pot sb.1 6..]
potato drag n • [EDD drag sb. 9..]
pottle-bellied adj • [Engl dial; cf ..EDD]
potty n1 • [EDD potty sb.1..]
pounce v • [..Cf EDD pounce sb.1..punce v.1..]
pound n2 1 • [EDD pound sb.2 1..]
povertyweed n e • [EDD 1877 ➝]
prate v 2 • [EDD prate v. 2 ..]
pride n • [Cf EDD pride sb. 4 “The uterus of a sow”..]
pridy adj • [Corn dial; cf EDD pridy adj. 1, 2]
priminary n • [Scots, Engl dial var of OED2 praemunire sb. 3 “Obs...A difficulty..predicament.”]
prize v2 1 • [..replaced..occas in Brit dial..by pry.]
prog n1 2 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
prog v • [Scots, Engl dial; cf..EDD prog]
prottle n • [Cf EDD protlins “The refuse left after lard has been refined”]
proud adj 1a • [Engl dial] (MAP)
proudful adj • [Scots, Engl dial]
puckersnatch n • [EDD pucker-snatch a difficulty]
pudding time n • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
pudding time n • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
pudge v 1 • [..Engl dial; cf..EDD.. podge]
pudge v 3 • [Cf EDD podge v. 2 “To poke about”]
pudjicky adj • [..cf Engl dial patchy cross, testy]
puggle v • [..cf EDD pug v.3 1..and puggle v. 1..]
pull-haul v phr • [Cf EDD pully-hauly (at pully-haul) a struggle]
pully bone n • [EDD pull bone, pulling bone] (MAP)
pump n1 • [..cf..EDD tump..]
pumplefoot n • [Engl dial; cf EDD]
pumple stone n • [EDD pumple-stone..< pumple pimple..]
pushion-berry n • [..nEngl var of poison; cf..EDD]
put v • [..antecedents in Scots and Engl dial; pit is the common form in Scots and nEngl dial..]
pussy adj1 • [Engl dial var of pursy short-winded, fat]
put v B2 • [..the Scots, nEngl dial inflection of pit..]
put down v phr 1 • [Engl dial]
puthery adj • [Engl dial]
quawk v, n1 • [nEngl dial]
quick n2 • [..cf EDD quick adj.1 9 “Sharp, piercing”]
quickie adj • [Cf EDD quick adj.1 9 “Sharp, piercing”]
quiddle v1 1 • [EDD quiddle v.1 and sb.2..]
quiddle v2 • [Cf EDD whiddle v.”Sc...To move in a short, quick flight; to go lightly and rapidly”..]
quile v2 • [..cf EDD quail v.1 3 “To quiet down” and v.1 8..]
quiler n • [sEngl dial (EDD coilers..)]
quilt v 1 • [EDD quilt v.1..]
quizzit v • [EDD quiset “..shortened form of obs. Eng. v. ‘inquisite,’ to inquire into.”]
quoit n A2 (pronc) • [..still common in Brit Engl.]
rabbit n B3 • [EDD (at rabbit sb. 2)]
rabbit flower n • [EDD (at rabbit sb. 1.(1)) 1882]
rabbit-meat n • [EDD (at rabbit sb. 1.(7)) 1879]
rack n1 2 • [Engl dial by (the) rack of (the) eye]
rack of bones n • [Cf EDD ragabanes, rackle of bones..]
radish n (pronc) • [Varr of this type are old in Brit Engl..]
rag n1 1 • [..cf EDD take the rag off the edge (at rag sb.1 1.(6))]
rag n2 • [EDD rag sb.4 4 “A disturbance,..a dispute, quarrel”..]
rageous adv • [Cf EDD rageous adj. “Outrageous; angry, furious”]
raggly adj • [Cf EDD raggily (at raggil sb.) “shabby, untidy”]
rag-jag n • [Var of EDD rag-jack (at rag sb.1 3.(I)(a))]
rainified adj • [EDD “Inclined to rain, like rain”]
raise v B3a • [..this sense appears to be obs or dial in Brit Engl]
raise v B5 • [Chiefly Scots dial; cf EDD]
rake v1 B2 • [EDD rake v.1 3..]
rallack v • [nEngl dial var of rollick; cf EDD rallack v. 1]
ramack v • [EDD rammack v. 1 “To..rush about riotously,” 2 “To turn things topsy-turvy”]
rampike n • [Engl dial word of unknown origin and variable form..]
ramsack v • [Varr of ransack; cf EDD ramsack]
ramshackle v • [..EDD ramshackle v.2]
ramshackled ppl adj 1 • [Engl dial..]
rapid adj • [Cf EDD rapid “Violent; severe; esp used of pain.”]
rapper dandies n • [EDD 1853]
rare v 5a • [Cf EDD rear v.2 6..and 11..and rearing ppl. adj. 7..]
ratch v2 1 • [Scots, nEngl dial; EDD ratch v.2 2..]
ratch v2 2 • [Cf EDD ratch v.2 2 “To..ramble”]
rattlebags n • [EDD 1837]
rattleran(d) n • [..Cf Engl dial plate-rand (at OED2 plate sb. 12)]
rawny adj • [EDD rawny adj.1..rawny adj.2..]
reach v1 A • [Cf EDD reach v.1..]
reach v1 B2 • [Cf EDD reach v.1 6 “To strike, give (a blow)”]
reach v2 • corresponding pronc [rič] still occurs as an alternative to [rɛč] in std Brit Engl
ready v • [..cf..EDD ready v. 1]
reamy adj • [Cf EDD ream v.2 2 “to be elastic,” 3 “To tear, split open”]
reap hook n • [..cf also EDD reap v. II.1.(2)] (MAP)
rearovers to catch meddlers n pl • [..cf EDD rare overs for meddlers (at rare overs)]
redd v 1 • [..EDD redd v.3]
redd v 2 • [..EDD rid v.2 1..]
redd v 3 • [..EDD red(d v.1 1, 2, rid v.1 5, 6..]
redd v 4 • [..EDD read v.1 4..]
redding n • [..EDD ruddnin (at rud v.1 5)..]
redding comb n • [..nEngl dial; cf EDD at ready v. 3.(2), red(d v.1 2.(4), rid v.1 6.(2)]
rede n • [Scots dial; see EDD rede sb.2]
red lane n • [Brit dial; cf EDD red lane (at red adj. 1.(25)]
red-neck n 4 • [EDD (at red adj. 1.(31))] (MAP)
red robin n 2 • [EDD 1866 ➝]
red rover n 1 • [Brit dial..]
reduct v • [Engl dial..]
ree adj • [EDD ree adj.2 1 “of a horse: restive, frolicsome”]
ree-rye n • [Prob var of nIr dial ree-raw; cf EDD, SND reel rall]
refuse n, adj • [Engl dial; cf EDD refuge sb.2, adj]
remnant n • [..see EDD remlet (also remlit, rimlet, remlant, remlin(g))]
residenter n • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial]
resty adj • [Cf..EDD resty a. “Quiet, full of ease.”]
ribbit n1, v • [Pronc-spp for rivet; cf EDD rebbet]
rickets n • [Cf EDD rickets sb. pl. “Obs...A disease in sheep; the staggers.”]
ricklety adj • [..cf EDD rickley (at rickle sb.1) “..rickety, dilapidated”]
ride v1 A2a • [..appar still in std use in England in the 19th cent]
ride v1 B9 • [Var of..nEngl..(someone or something) to ride the water on (or with)..]
ridiculous adj • [Engl dial]
rim v1 • [Engl dial var of rime..cf..EDD rim v.2]
rimptious adj • [Cf EDD rumptious “Riotous; unruly”]
ringy adj • [..cf..EDD wrangy adj. “Wrong, cross”]
rinse v, n • [All of the var forms noted below are found in Brit dial; cf EDD..]
rip and rear v phr • [Cf EDD to rip and rear (at rip v.) “to work hard for”]
rip and tear v phr 1 • [EDD rip and tear (at rip v.) “to curse and swear, to behave uproariously”]
rizzle v • [Scots, nEngl dial; EDD rizzle v.1..]
road n1 B1 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
robin-run-ahead n • [Engl dial]
robin-run-the-hedge n • [Engl dial]
robin-run-the-hedge n 1 • [EDD 1831 ➝]
Robin Hood’s barn, go (all the way) around v phr • [Engl dial; cf EDD..(at Robin Hood)] (MAP)
rode n • [Appar swEngl (Devon) dial < ME rode rope..]
rollicky adj • [Engl dial]
romance v 1 • [Cf EDD romance v. 2..and 3...]
romance v 2 • [Cf EDD romance v. 5..]
romp v 2 • [Cf EDD ramp v.2 1 “to use violent language”]
room n B2 • [EDD to have room to talk (at room sb.1 2.(2))..]
room n B3 • [EDD room sb.1 3 “The best sitting room.”]
room n B4 • [Cf..EDD room sb.1 4 “A compartment for smoking fish..”]
rooster fight n 1 • [..cf EDD cock-fighters (at cock sb.1 2.(5))..]
rootle v • [Engl dial]
rounce n • [EDD roonses int...]
round adj • [Cf EDD round adj. 4 “Coarse, thick”..]
rubbage n • [Varr of rubbish, perh infl by garbage;..EDD]
ruck v2 • [Cf EDD ruck sb.6 4 “Noise, racket”]
rucket n • [EDD rucket sb.2 1 “A loud, confused noise”]
ruction n • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial, cf EDD..]
rue v • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial]
rullock n2 • [Cf EDD rallock..]
rumbled up adj phr • [Engl, Scots dial..]
run n 1a • [nEngl dial; cf EDD run sb. 26]
runagate n • [Engl dial..]
runnet n • [Engl dial var of rennet; cf EDD]
-s suff4 • [Engl dial; cf EDG §435]
salad n B2a • [Engl dial.; PaGer (Gaarde) salaat lettuce]
salvy adj • [Cf EDD salvy adj. 1 “Greasy, oily, soapy; of the complexion: pale, sickly”]
same like conj phr, prep phr, adj phr • [Engl dial]
same old six and seven, the phr • [..Cf ..Brit Engl the same old six and eightpence.]
sap n2 • [EDD sap sb.1 4 “Juice, gravy.”]
sassinger n • [Cf EDD sausinger]
sauce n B1 • [Engl dial]
save v B1 • [Cf EDD save v. 3]
say-so n • [LaFr say-so (de crème). This is generally regarded as from Engl say so, but the sense remains unexplained.]
scale v1 • [Scots, nEngl dial scale, skail to disperse, depart]
scamp v1 • [Prob Scots, Engl dial; cf SND scamp v...; EDD scamp v.1]
scamp v2 • [Prob Engl dial..]
scholard n • [Engl dial]
scoggin n • [..Cf also EDD scoggin “A vane, weathercock”]
scooch v • [Appar EDD scouch ..]
scoot n3 • [Cf EDD scoot sb.2 “A term of contempt..”]
scoot v 1 • [Scots, nEngl, nIr dial scoot, scout]
scoots n pl • [Cf EDD scoot sb.6 9 “Diarrhœa..”]
scope n • [Ir dial;..EDD scope sb.1 2]
scorch v1 • [EDD scorch v.1 1 “To shrivel up, caused by frost or cold”..]
scotch v1 2 • [Cf EDD scotch v.1 4..]
scotch v1 5 • [Cf EDD scaut v. 1..]
scotch v2 • [From arch scotch.. var specialized senses in Scots, Engl dial,..(EDD scotch v.1 1, scutch v.3 3..)]
scraggie n • [Cf EDD scrag sb.1, adj. 5 “Useless, inferior.”]
scrapple n • [..cf EDD scrappling “pl. Scraps..renderings of lard.”] (MAP)
screet owl n • [Cf EDD screet v. “To screech..”]
scrimption n • [Engl dial]
scrinch v 1 • [Cf EDD scrinch v.2 “To..to cringe.”..]
scrod n • [Perh orig ppl adj < Corn dial scraw, scroe; cf EDD scraw v.2..]
scrog n • [Engl dial. Cf DNE scrag ..]
scrog v • [Cf EDD scrogged ppl. adj.2..]
scrooch v • Cf EDD, SND
scrooch v • [..prob of Scots, nEngl dial origin]
scrop n • [..cf EDD scrap sb.1 [skrap]]
scrounge v • [Engl dial]
scruff n • [Engl dial var of scurf]
scrunt n • [Scots, nEngl dial]
sculch n • [Engl dial var of culch..]
scunner n • [Scots, nEngl dial]
scunner v • [Scots, nEngl dial]
scurryfunge v • [Engl dial or slang in var senses;..DNE scurrifunge 1...]
scutters n pl • [Cf EDD scutter sb. 13]
scythe n1 • [Cf EDD side sb.5, sive sb., sy sb. 1]
sea parrot n • [EDD at sea sb. 2.(27) 1822..]
seaweed fern n • [EDD at sea sb. 1.(14) 1865]
see v B2a • [The forms see, seed, and seen are well attested in Brit dial;.. see EDD ..]
see v B3b • [This form is widespread in Brit dial; see EDD.] (MAP)
seep n • [EDD seep sb. 5 “A small spring”; sipe sb. 7]
sele n • [Engl dial (give one) the sele of the day..]
senna n1 • [seeny, attested also in Engl dial..]
set v1 A2a • [Cf EDD set v. 2.(4)]
set v1 A3 • [Cf EDD set v. 3.(9)]
setting n1 • [Cf EDD setting sb. 3]
set up adj phr • [Engl dial; cf EDD set ppl. adj. 1.(13)]
set up v phr 6 • [EDD..sit v. 1.(9)(a)]
set up v phr 4 • [EDD at sit v. 1.(9)(a)]
several adj, n, pron B • [Scots, Ir; cf EDD, Concise Ulster Dict.]
several adj, n, pron C • [Engl dial]
shab v • [Engl dial; cf EDD shab v. 3]
shabby adj • [Scots, nEngl dial]
shack n2 2 • [Cf EDD to be on the shack (at shake sb. 12.(4))..]
shack v1 2 • [Cf EDD shake v. 7. “To idle away one’s time..”]
shack v1 • [Cf EDD shake (also shack) v. 5. “Of a horse: to go at a jog- trot.”]
shackle v • [Cf EDD shackle v.2 5.. and shachle v. (also shauchle, shackle, etc) 2..]
shacklety adj • [Engl dial; cf EDD shacklety]
shale ice n • [Engl dial shale flake, scale]
Shall-I-go-naked n • [Cf EDD shalligonaked sb. 2 “A thin, flimsy garment..”]
shammock v • [Engl dial]
shank it v phr • [Scots, nEngl dial]
sharp adj • [Cf EDD sharp adj. 1.4 “Of a dog: snappish..”]
sharpen v • [EDD sharpen ..]
shaw n • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial;..EDD shaw sb.1 1]
she pron 1 • [..cf EDD she II.1]
sheal n • [Cf EDD sheal sb.2 9 “A thin layer or skin, a scale”..]
shear n2 • [..cf EDD shear sb.2 11 “A ploughshare.”]
shelving n • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
sheth n • [..cf EDD sheath sb. 1]
shickle n • [Pronc varr of shuttle; cf Engl dial shittle..]
shift n 1 • [EDD shift n. 11..]
shinny on your own side exclam • [Cf EDD shin your side, shin you (at shin int.)..]
shives n pl • [Pronc-sp for chives..appears also in Engl dial.]
shoat n • [..cf EDD shoot sb. 6..]
shoemaker’s black team n • [Cf EDD shoemaker’s black galloway (at shoemaker 1)..]
shook n, v2 • [Var of shock;..attested in Engl dial (see..EDD shock sb.1)..]
shool v • [Cf EDD shool v.1 9..10..shooler (at shool v.1 9(1))]
shoo-round n • [Cf EDD shoo v.2, SND shue v. 1..]
short name n • [EDD short name (at short adj. 8.(21))..]
should v • [..EDD at shall v.1 4..]
show for v phr • [Engl dial]
shrimp n, v • [Spp of the type srimp are also found in Engl dial; cf EDG §338]
shrink v B2 • Shrunk was widely used in std Brit and Amer writing
shrink of the moon n • [Cf EDD shrink...”Of the moon: to wane.”]
shuck v2 • [EDD shuck v.1 1. “To shake”; 2. “To slip..”]
shucks, go v phr • [Perh var of EDD shag sb.3..]
shun v • [EDD shun v.1 4 “To cover, hide, screen, shelter.”]
shut adj • [..EDD (at shut v. 3.(2))...shot is attested as a form of shut in both Brit and US dial..]
shut v A • [Cf EDD]
shut-knife n • [Engl dial]
sic v • [Cf EDD sic int. “A call to pigs...A sheep-call”]
side v 4 • [Engl dial; cf EDD side v.1 8]
siden v • [EDD siden “To put in order; to clear away”]
sing small v phr • [Cf EDD sing small (at sing v. 1.(6))]
sipe n 1 • [EDD sipe sb. 6]
skag v • [EDD skog v. 3 “To tear obliquely..”]
skeet v 1 • [EDD skeet v. 4]
skeet v 2 • [EDD skeet v. 5]
skeet v 4 • [EDD skeet v. 1]
skeet v • [Cf EDD skeet v., SND v.1, v.2]
skeets n pl • [skeet v 4; Engl dial < ON skitr excrement]
skeller-eyed adj • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial; EDD skelly-eyed (at skelly adj. 7.(2))..]
skep n1 • [..the var skip is widespread in Engl dial..]
skew- pref d • [Cf EDD skew-wamp “Awry, crooked”..] (MAP)
skew- pref e • [EDD skew-whiff (also skee-wiff, skew-w(h)ift, among other varr)..]
skew- pref g • [Cf EDD skew-wabble “Unsteady, out of line”..]
skew- pref • [..For Engl dial antecedents see senses d, e, g..]
skift n1 • [Var of skiff; SND skift n.2 1889 ➝, but prob much older in Brit use..]
skimmelton n • [..Var forms recorded in the EDD include skimitin and skimmerton.] (MAP)
skinchy adj • [..cf EDD skingy “Stingy”]
skin ex exclam • [Cf EDD skinch int. 5 “A cry of truce used by boys at play”]
skip n2 • [Engl dial var of skep a large basket]
skite v • [Engl dial; EDD skite..]
skitters n • [Engl dial..] (MAP)
skittling adj • [Cf EDD skiddley “Small, diminutive”, skiddick sb. 1..]
skiver n • [Brit dial skiver skewer, splinter]
skluff v • [Cf EDD sklouff v. 1..]
skoodle v • [..EDD scroodle “To crouch, cower, stoop down”]
sky-gogglin adj, adv • [Cf EDD sky-wannocking..sky-wannock, sky-whiffy]
slack jaw n • [Scots, Engl dial..]
slack-twist n • [EDD (at slack adj.1 11.(15)) ``an inactive, lazy, shiftless person'']
slack-twisted adj • [EDD (at slack adj.1 11.(16))]
slank n • [Engl dial]
slank adj • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
slap adv • [Engl dial] (MAP)
slapping adj • [Engl dial]
slash n1 • [Prob..imit..cf..Scots, nEngl dial slashy muddy, miry]
slat v 1 • [Engl dial]
slat v 2 • [Engl (esp swEngl) dial]
slat n • [swEngl dial]
sleazy adj • [Cf EDD sleeze v., sb...]
sleep in v phr • [Scots dial; cf EDD sleep v. II.2] (MAP)
sleeping Mollie n • [Cf EDD sleeping Maggie..(at sleeping ppl. adj. (5))]
slide n 1 • [Engl dial] (MAP)
sliding pond n • [Engl sliding + pond prob folk-etym var of Du baan path..]
slighty adj • [..EDD slighty adj. 2]
slimpsy adj • [..cf EDD slimp ``Slim, slender''; slimsy ``Worthless,..lazy..”]
slip v 1 • [Cf EDD slipe v. 6 ``to steal; to seize, take away suddenly'']
slip n2 • [Cf EDD slipe sb. 29 ``A sledge..used for agricultural purposes.'']
slipe n • [Engl dial; prob var of slip]
slip-go-down n • [Cf EDD slip-down (at slip sb. 3.(7)) ``old milk slightly curdled''..]
slipper n 5 • [..cf EDD slip-calf (at slip v. 5)]
slippy adj • [EDD slippy adj. 1 ``..dial. and colloq. use in Sc. Irel. Eng. and Aus.''] (MAP)
slips exclam • [EDD (at slip sb. 14) ``pl...cry..allows the player to shoot again...'']
slithery adj • [Cf EDD slither v. 3 ``to do anything imperfectly or carelessly'']
sliver n, v A • Brit pronouncing dictionaries listed only [ˈslaɪvə(r)] until late in the 19th cent.
sliver n, v B2 • [EDD sliver sb.1, v.1 6 ``To..strip bark from a tree'']
slommack n • [Cf EDD slammock, slammocking, slammocky in same senses]
sloosh n1, v • [Engl, Scots dial..]
sloosh n2 • [Cf EDD slush sb. 5 ``An indefinite quantity of anything.'']
slop n1 • [..EDD slop sb.2 1 ``A loose outer garment.. worn by workmen'']
slope v • [Prob from Scots, nEngl, nIr dial slope to trick, cheat, evade..]
slosh n • [Cf EDD slosh sb. 1 ``Mud, mire..dirty water..a muddy wash.'']
slowcome n • [EDD slowcome ``Dev. Cor. Also in form slocum'']
slubber v • [EDD slubber v.1 5]
slump n 2 • [Cf EDD slump sb.3 ``A careless workwoman'']
slumpy adj 1 • [Engl dial]
slurrup n • [Cf EDD slurrup v. 2 ``To walk in a slovenly, halting fashion.'']
slurt v • [Cf EDD slirt v. ``To squirt water'']
slut n 1 • [Engl, nIr dial..]
sly v • [Scots, nEngl dial]
smudder v, n • [..presumably inherited from Brit dial (see EDD [at smother]..).]
smur n • [Brit dial smirr, smurr a drizzle]
smur v • [Cf..Brit dial smirr, smurr to drizzle]
smut ball n • [EDD at smut sb. 2.(1)..]
snake v 3 • [EDD snake v. ``To sneak...To snatch surreptitiously''..]
snake spit n • [Cf.. EDD (at snake sb.1 1.(4)) 1879]
snath n • [..Engl dial varr of snead; cf..EDD (at snead)..]
snead n • [Engl and..Scots dial..cf..EDD, SND..]
sneak v 2a • [..Cf..EDD snook, snowk, snuck.]
sneck n, v • [Scots, nEngl dial]
sneetered ppl adj • [Cf EDD snite sb. 3 (also sniter) ``A mean, treacherous person'']
snifter n • [From Brit dial snifter (in var senses) < snift to sniff]
snool n • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
snoose n2 • [Prob varr of Engl dial snooze noose, snare]
snoot, make a v phr • [..make a snout is found in 19th cent Engl..]
snub v2 • [Engl dial snob to sob; cf EDD snob v.1]
snuffbox n 1 • [Engl dial] (MAP)
snufter n • [..cf EDD snufter v. ``To sniff, snort'']
snug adj 2 • [Cf EDD snug adj. 5]
snurl n • [EDD snirl sb.2 5. ``A knot, tangle,'' 6. ``A gnarl or knot in wood'']
snurl v1 1 • [EDD snirl v.2 4]
snurl v1 3 • [EDD snirl v.2 1..]
snurl v2 • [EDD snirl v.1 2]
so exclam • [Cf EDD so int. 2]
soak n1 • [Engl dial] (MAP)
sodle v • [Cf EDD sowdle ``To creep'']
sog v • [Engl dial]
sog n • [swEngl dial]
sollaker n • [..cf EDD sollock ``Impetus, force'']
somehows adv • [Engl dial (though not in ..EDD)]
sonsy adj • [Scots, nEngl dial]
soo exclam b • [Cf EDD so int. 2]
sook exclam • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial as a call to calves..] (MAP)
sookie exclam • [..cf EDD sucky sb. 6 ``A call-word for a calf..''] (MAP)
soople adj, v • [Brit dial varr of supple]
sorry adj B2 • [Engl dial; cf EDD sorry adj. 3]
soul n B • [Engl dial..]
soul-case n • [Engl dial]
soup v • [Engl dial varr of sup to sip]
sour milk n • [nEngl, Scots, Ir dial; cf EDD sour adj. 1.(18)..]
sow n2 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
sowel n • [Engl dial; cf EDD sowl(e) sb.]
spalt adj • [Engl dial spalt..]
spandy adv • [Perh var of Engl dial spandal or spander; cf EDD..]
spanfired adv • [EDD spangfire new]
spean v • [Cf EDD spean sb.1 ``The teat of any female animal, esp. used of a cow.'']
spewer n • [EDD ``A kind of firework; a squib''] (MAP)
spine of one's back n • [Engl dial; cf EDD spine sb. 4.(6)]
spitting image n • [..cf EDD spitten picter 1859, spitten image nd..,..spit an' pictor 1869, spit an' image 1892..]
splut n • [Cf EDD splutter sb. 7 ``A hurry, bustle'']
splutter-headed adj • [Cf EDD splutter v. 3 ``To..talk quickly and incoherently'']
splutterment n • [EDD splutter sb. 8 ``A fuss, disturbance'' + -ment]
sprag n1 • [Cf EDD sprag sb.1 1 ``A spray; a branch or bough'']
sprawl n1 • [EDD sprawl (at sproil)]
sprawl n2 • [..cf EDD sprawl sb.2 ``A chip of a stone or brick'']
spreader n • [Cf EDD spreader ``The stick or stretcher used to keep apart the chain traces worn by cart-horses'']
spreckle n • [Brit dial]
spring v B2 • [EDD spring v. 1..]
spring-keeper n • [Appar of Engl dial origin..]
sprout v1 1 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
spud n 7 • [Cf EDD spud sb.1 6 ``Any person or thing very short or stumpy''..]
spud v 1 • [Cf EDD spuddle v.1 3 ``to be uselessly busy; to fuss about doing little or nothing'']
spudge n • [..cf..EDD spud sb.1 4 ``A worn-out tool'']
spug n • [Scots, Engl dial ``house sparrow''; cf EDD, SND]
spung n • [Cf EDD spong sb. 3 ``A low bog, a morass'']
squail v • [Engl dial]
squander v • [Arch or dial in Brit Engl; cf ..EDD]
square around v phr • [nIr dial; see EDD at square v. 10.(5)]
squib n • [EDD squib sb.3]
squinch n • [EDD 1837 ➝ ``A dial. form of `quince' '']
squinge n1 • [Cf EDD squinge-grub ``A small, shrivelled pippin'']
squinge n2 • [Cf EDD squinges sb. pl. 2 ``Shooting pains'']
squink v • [Pronc var of squint perh infl by wink; cf..EDD swink]
squirts n pl • [Engl dial] (MAP)
squitch v, n • [EDD squitch sb.2, v.1..]
stamp v • [Engl folkl; cf 1959 (1967) Opie–Opie Lore Schoolchildren 206–8]
stance n • [Cf EDD stance sb. 3 ``A stall..'']
stanchel n • [Scots and chiefly nEngl dial..] (MAP)
start v 3 • [Cf EDD start v. 2 ``To dispatch, send off'']
stave v 5 • [Engl and Scots dial]
staver n • [Perh Engl dial; cf EDD staver sb. 3, 6]
stay-bit n • [EDD at stay v. 2.(2)]
steady bee n • [Cf..EDD steady v. 7 ``To balance.'']
stegg n • [Engl dial;..cf EDD steg sb. 8, stag sb.3 2]
stepmother n • [Engl dial]
stick bait n • [..in Brit use from early 19th cent on]
still water n2 • [Cf EDD still-waters (at still sb.2 3) ``..home-made illicit spirits'']
stirrup oil n • [..cf..EDD stirrup sb. 1.(6)]
stirry v • [Cf Engl dial stirree, sturry (at EDD stir v.)]
stitch n 2 • [EDD stitch sb.1 6]
stived ppl adj • [EDD stive v.2 1..]
stiver v 1 • [Cf EDD stive v.3..]
stiver v 2 • [EDD stiver v. 4..]
stiver v 3 • [EDD stiver v. 5..]
stob n • [..nEngl, Scots, nIr dial]
stobby adj • [EDD stobby ``Rough, stubbly;..bristly, unshaven.'']
stodge v 1 • [EDD stodge v. 10 ``To mix..; to stir up'']
stone hedge n • [Cf EDD hedge sb. 4 ``A wall, gen. of granite..'']
stonie n • [Cf EDD stony sb. 1, stonedy sb. 1, stoner]
stool chair n • [Cf EDD stool chair (at stool sb.1 1.(2))..]
story v • [Engl dial]
stout n • [Prob folk-etym for Engl dial stowk..]
stouter n • [Var, perh by folk-etym, of swEngl dial strouter (EDD at strout v. 2)..]
stram v 1 • [Cf EDD stram v.1 2 ``To strike or thrust violently.'']
stram v 2 • [Cf EDD stram v.3 2 ``To walk in a rude, noisy manner.'']
stram n 2 • [Cf EDD stram sb.3 1 ``A big person; a `tripe' of a lad.'']
strand n1 • [Scots, nEngl dial strand a stream, channel]
strap oil n • [Cf EDD strap oil (at strap sb.1 1)]
street yarn n • [Cf EDD spin street yarn (at spin v. 7.(9))]
strengthy adj • [nEngl, Scots dial]
stretch n, v A • [Engl dial]
stretcher n 1 • [EDD stretcher sb. 1..]
striking paper n • [Cf EDD strike v. 13..]
stripper n 1 • [Brit dial, esp nIr]
strollop v • [Cf EDD strollop v. 4 ``To stride or walk about aggressively; to go about in an untidy..manner'']
strollop n • [Cf EDD strollop sb. 1]
strut n 1 • [Cf EDD all in a strut (at strout sb. 4)]
strut n 2 • [Cf EDD strout sb. 5]
studdle v • [EDD studdle v. 1 ``To stir up so as to make thick and muddy'']
studs n • [Cf Brit dial take (the) stunt (EDD stunt sb. 15), take the sturdy or sturdies (EDD sturdy adj. 9.(2))]
studying cap n • [EDD to put on one's studying-cap (at study v. 1(1)) to think deeply.]
stuff n • [Cf EDD stuff sb.1 6 ``Live stock, poultry, &c.'']
sturk n • [Scots, nEngl dial stirk, sturk a young bull; fig, a stupid or foolish person]
such adj, adv, pron • [Cf EDD for Scots, Ir, Engl dial forms]
sudden adj, adv, n • [Forms with final -t are widespread in Brit dial..]
suffling n, adj • [Cf EDD suffle v. ``Obs. Dev. To puff, blow; also to sob, sigh.'' Cf also suff.. (at EDD sough v.1 13)..]
supple-sawney n • [..cf EDD Sandy sb.2]
suz intj • [Scots, Engl dial sirs..prob correctly regarded as developed from the pl of sir..(but cf SND ser v.2)..]
swad n • [Cf EDD swad sb.10 ``A portion, measure, quantity; esp. used of liquids'']
swag n 1 • [Engl, Scots dial]
swaggle n, v • [..cf EDD swaggle v. 1 ``To swing; to sway to and fro..; to reel and stagger'']
swallop n • [Cf EDD swallup v. ``To swallow at a gulp without tasting.'']
swan v • [Reanalysis of Scots, nEngl dial I'se warn..(EDD warrant v. 1,..)]
swanky n • [Scots, nEngl dial]
swanny v • [..Scots dial..(EDD warrant v. 1)] (MAP)
swarp v • [Varr of swap in var senses now obs or found only in Engl, Scots dial..]
swarp v 1 • [EDD swap v.4 1 ``Obsol. To strike violently; to thrash soundly''..]
swarp n 1 • [EDD swap sb.5 9 ``A heavy blow; a sudden stroke; a slap.'']
swarp n 2 • [EDD swap sb.5 11 ``An implement used for reaping peas..''..]
sweet cicely n • [EDD 1815]
sweetheart n 2 • [Engl dial..]
sweetheart n 4 • [EDD 1876 ➝]
swell v 3a • [Cf EDD swell v. I.3]
sweltersome adj, adv • [Engl dial..]
swiddle v • [Cf EDD swittle v.1 2..; v.2 1..; v.3 1..]
swift n • [EDD swift sb.1 4 ``A newt; a small lizard'']
swinge v • [..Engl dial var of singe]
swish broom n • [Cf EDD swish sb. 7 ``A switch; a twig'' ..] (MAP)
switching ppl adj • [Cf EDD switching ppl. adj. 2 ``Great of its kind..'']
swither n • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
swithered ppl adj • [Cf EDD swither v.3 2 ``To dry up, wither.'']
swiveltree n • [Engl dial; folk-etym for swingletree]
swivet n • [EDD swivet ``Haste..''; cf also EDD swivetty ``Giddy, dizzy.'']
swizzled ppl adj2 • [EDD swizzle v. ``To shrivel.'']
swoon n, v • [Engl dial; cf ..EDD swound]
swop n • [Cf EDD swop (at sope sb. 1) ``A sup; a gulp''..]
sword n • [Prob from Scots, Engl dial..]
tacker n • [swEngl dial; now common in Austr Engl]
tackle n • [The forms with [e] and [i]..continue Brit dial forms (cf EDD tackle, teagle..]
take v B2 • [Engl dial take to do(ing) (EDD at doing sb. 4.(2)..]
take v B3 • [EDD take v. 4 ``in gen. colloq. use'']
take down v phr a • [Scots, nEngl dial; cf..EDD take v. II.1.(7).(b)]
tallywags n pl • [EDD tally-wag]
tankersome adj • [Var of cantankerous; EDD has one citation from Suffolk for this form.]
tantibogus n • [Var of swEngl dial tantarabobus (and varr)]
tap v1 • [EDD tap v.1 3]
tarnation n, exclam • [Engl dial (though attested earlier in US..]
tarnation adj, adv • [Engl dial (though attested earlier in N Amer)..]
tarve v • [..the only Brit evidence later than the 16th cent is a single 1824 Scots ex of the form tirvie.]
taste v B3 • [..cf EDD taste v. 3..]
ta-ta exclam • [..cf Brit ta thanks and ta-ta good-bye] (MAP)
taw n C2b(1) • [EDD taw sb. 5.(3), (4)]
tazzle v • [EDD ``v...to entangle...]
teenty adj • [Prob from Engl dial (EDD at teeny adj.1)..]
teeter v • [Varr of..Brit dial titter to move unsteadily, totter..]
teeter n 4 • [..First attested in US, but prob of Engl dial origin..] (MAP)
teeter-totter n • [Varr of arch and Brit dial titter-totter..cf EDD (at titter-totter)..]
teethache n • [SND 1840 ➝; EDD 1898 ➝]
tell v B2b • [nScots, nIr, and swEngl dial]
tell v B2c • [EDD cites a single Ir ex of towlt.]
tell v B2d • [Similar forms are common in c,sEngl dial..]
tell v C3 • [Engl dial]
tether-devil n 1 • [EDD 1826 ➝]
tetter n1 • [..EDD tetter sb. ``Also..titter'']
tew v • [nEngl dial; cf EDD tew v.1 10. ``To fuss over work; to bustle about'']
tew n1 • [nEngl dial; cf EDD tew sb. 13. ``A disturbed state'']
tewed adj • [nEngl dial; cf EDD tew v.1 5. ``To exhaust..; to trouble, harass, bother'']
thanky suit n • [Cf EDD thank you, sir (at thank v. 1.(7)) ``a second-hand article of clothing'']
the def art B1 • [Chiefly Scots dial; cf EDD the 12 ``Comb. with day, morn, night, &c.: this, `to-.' '']
theirn pron • [Engl dial]
thereaway(s) adv • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
therm n • [nEngl dial tharm an animal intestine prepared for stuffing]
these-uns pron • [..cf EDD these 4.(2)]
theyselves pron • [Also found occas in Engl dial, but the US exx prob represent phonetic varr of theirselves..]
thing n B • [Engl dial]
thole v • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
three-faces-under-a-hood n • [Brit dial]
thribble adj, adv, n, v • [..cf EDD thribble, SND threeple]
thribbles n pl, exclam • [EDD thribs ``Three..in playing marbles.'']
throddy adj • [Engl dial]
throng adj • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
through n 1 • [EDD through sb. 17 ``Obs. A slip or width of corn..a set of reapers..drive before them at once...1796'']
throughother adv, adj, n • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial throughother, throughither..]
throw off v phr 4 • [Cf EDD throw off v. II.1.(6).(c) ``to make fun''] (MAP)
tick tag n • [Scots, nEngl dial tick to touch lightly, esp in a children's game of tag]
tight adv 1 • [..Obs or Brit dial tite ``soon, readily, willingly'' has been suggested..; cf EDD tight adv. 17..]
till prep B1 • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial]
time about adv phr • [Scots, nEngl dial]
tip-tap-toe n • [EDD at tip sb.3 9.(7) ``the game of noughts and crosses'']
titman n • [EDD tit sb.1 2 ``A very small person or thing'']
titrivate v 2 • [Cf EDD titivate 2 ``To tidy, clean, put in order; to restore, renovate; to repair a building.'']
tit-tat-toe n 1 • [EDD tit-tat-toe sb. 1] (MAP)
tit-tat-toe n 2 • [EDD tit-tat-toe sb. 3]
tit-tat-too n • [EDD tit-tat-too (at tit-tat-toe)]
titty n1 • [Perh Scots, nEngl colloq or hypocoristic titty sister..]
to prep B4 • [Scots, nIr dial; cf SND tae prep. 6.(4).(i), EDD to prep. 4]
toadspit n • [EDD 1866 for Lemna minor]
toddick n • [EDD (at tad sb.1).. prob var of tod a measure of wool (usu 28 lbs)..]
tommyknocker n • [..cf..EDD tommyknocker a hammer used to break ore (1824 ➝)]
tongue grass n 2 • [EDD 1878–86]
torn down adj phr 1 • [Scots, Engl dial]
tottle v 2 • [Scots, nEngl dial;.. EDD tottle v. 2]
touchous adj 1 • [Ir, nEngl dial] (MAP)
trace v1 • [swEngl dial (EDD trace v.2 3 ``To plait'')]
trace n3 • [swEngl dial..EDD trace sb.2 2)]
trade v • [..EDD trade v. 9)]
traffic v • [EDD traffic(k sb. 8]
tree mouse n 2 • [EDD 1893]
trestle n A • [..see also EDD trustle.]
triddler n 2 • [Cf EDD triddling ``Trifling, talking nonsense'']
trollock n • [EDD trollock ``An old garment, esp. an old coat'']
trotline n 1 • [..from Engl dial trot in same sense..] (MAP)
trumpet flower n 3 • [EDD 1878–86 for Lonicera periclymenum]
trunk n 1 • [..EDD trunk sb.1 12 ``An arched drain under a road..'']
tunjack n • [Cf EDD tun 2..jack sb. 23..]
tunk n1 1 • [Engl dial]
tunk v • [Engl dial]
tunklehead n • [Varr of EDD dunklehead ``A stupid, silly person'']
turn v C4 • [EDD (at turn v. 3.(6))]
tutor v • [EDD tutor v 2. ``To manage, handle; to humor, coax'']
twice adv, adj • [Brit dial]
twirty adj • [EDD twirty ``Cross, easily put out; nervous, pert'']
twizzle n • [Engl dial]
two-double adj • [Engl dial; see EDD two num. adj. 10]
underminded ppl adj • [Cf EDD underminded ppl. adj. ``Underhand, mean, treacherous.'']
unthoughted adj • [EDD unthoughtedly]
upcast v • [nEngl, Scots, Ir dial]
upscuddle n • [Cf EDD scuttle v. 3 ``To take part in a street-feud'']
upstreeter n • [EDD (at up prep. 1.(80))]
us adj • [Engl dial; cf EDD us II.4]
used to v phr B • [..much more common in Brit than Amer Engl..]
used to v phr C1 • [Cf EDD use II.1.(8, 10)]
used to v phr C2a • [Cf EDD use II.1.(9)]
usen v • [Engl dial: cf EDD usen v., past usen(ed) (at use v. I.1.(4), (5)), past pple usen (at use v. I.2.(5))]
using vbl n attrib • [Cf EDD using-things ``Domestic articles, such as crockery, &c.'']
us's adj • [Engl dial; cf EDD us's]
usself pron • [Engl dial; cf EDD ussels]
valentine n • [Spp with o for a..also occur in 19th-cent Engl dial sources]
veil n • [Engl dial]
velvet dock n • [Engl dial]
venison n • [Proncs of the type [ˈvɛnzən] are old and..were until recently, std in Brit Engl]
wackie v, n • [Cf EDD whack v.1 6 ``To divide; to share'']
wadjit n • [Cf EDD wadjet (at wedget sb. 1) ``A small wad'']
wake v 2a • appar common in Brit use
Walker's hack n • [..cf EDD Walker's-bus (at walker sb.)]
walk out with v phr • [Cf EDD walk out (at walk v.1 (3)) ``of a lover: to take his lady out'']
wallink n • [Scots, nEngl, Ir dial wellink, wallink ..]
walloper n • [EDD walloper (at wallop sb.4) ..]
walloping adj, adv • [EDD walloping (at wallop v.3)..]
want v1 C1 • [..this constr..occurs in 18th- and 19th-cent Brit Engl..]
wapple-eyed adj • [Cf..EDD wapper-eyed]
warning n 3 • [Cf EDD warning sb. 5 ``the verbal invitation to attend a funeral.'']
wasp n 1c • [By metath; cf EDD wasp sb. I.1 and Intro ``Language Changes'' I.1]
waste v 1 • [Engl dial]
water bewitched n • [Engl dial..]
water dog n 2 • [Engl dial]
water frost n • [Cf EDD water-frost (at water sb. 1.(48))..and watery-rime (at watery adj. 1.(7))..]
water gap n 1 • [Brit dial. Cf EDD water-gate (at water sb. 1.(52) (c))..; water-gap is not documented in..EDD..]
water haul n • [Cf EDD watery-haul (at watery adj. 1.(1))..] (MAP)
wattle n1 • [Scots, nEngl, nIr dial]
we pron • [Cf EDD we pers. pron. II.1..]
we adj • [Cf EDD we pers. pron. II.2]
weather gall n • [nEngl, Scots, nIr dial]
weather light n • [Cf..EDD weather gleam (at weather 7.(23)) ``clear sky near a dark horizon'']
weddinger n • [Brit dial]
weedily n, intj • [Cf EDD widdle sb.2 ``A very young duck'']
weeky-day n • [..cf EDD week sb. 2.(1)]
ween v • [Cf EDD ween v.1 ``To whine, whimper, cry fretfully''..]
weeny adj • [Var of waney < ween, Engl dial var of wane (EDD wane sb.1)]
weewaw adj, v • [Engl dial; cf EDD wee-wow]
whang n1 • [Brit, esp Scots, nIr, dial var of thong]
what and all pron • [Brit dial]
what for adv phr 1 • [nEngl, Scots dial]
what for (a) adj phr • [..idiom in Scots and Engl (Kentish) dial (SND what pron. V.6; EDD for prep. 1.(32)).]
whay exclam • [..cf EDD way int. 1 ``A call to a horse to stop.''] (MAP)
wheedle n • [Cf EDD widdle sb.2 ``A very young duck.'']
whelt n, v • [Var of welt; EDD ``Also written whelt Cum. e.Lan. War.'']
where-all adv • [..widespread Brit colloq in phrr like ``and I don't know where-all.''..]
which from tother pron phr • [Cf EDD which was tother (at which pron. 2.(2)) ``one from another'']
whiff n1 • [Engl dial; cf EDD whiff sb. 2]
whiffer n • [Cf EDD whiffler (at whiffle v.2 4.(2)) ``an inconstant person; a turncoat’’]
whiffle-minded adj • [Engl dial]
whiffletree n • [..cf EDD whiffles ``The whipple-tree of a plough''] (MAP)
whiggered adj • [Cf EDD whiggered whey ``Obs...A beverage made by infusing herbs in fermented whey.'']
whim-wham for a goose('s) bridle n • [Scots, nIr dial; cf EDD whim-wham 9.(3)]
whindle v • [Engl dial]
whinge v • [Scots, nEngl dial]
whinny n, v 1 • [Brit dial] (MAP)
whipstitch n 1 • [Engl dial (EDD at whip v. 1.(14) (c))]
whip-tongue n • [A Brit folk-name for this plant]
white bottle n • [Brit folk-name]
white liver n • [Cf EDD white liver(ed) (at white adj. 1.54.(b) and 55.(a))..]
white mouth n 1 • [Engl dial]
whopper-jaw n • [EDD wapper-jaws...a crooked jaw]
why for adv • [Orig swEngl, Scots dial..]
wicked adv • [Cf EDD wicked adj.1, adv. 5 ``Obs. Very, exceedingly..'']
wicky n • [Perh transf from Engl dial wick(e)y (<wicken < quicken tree)..]
widdie n • [Cf EDD widdy (at wid int)..]
widdie intj • [Cf EDD wheetie 1..; widdy (at wid int)..]
widgeon n 2d • [EDD 1893]
widowman n • [Engl, Scots, nIr dial] (MAP)
widow woman n 1 • [Engl, Scots, nIr dial]
wind v • [Engl dial..] (MAP)
wing-wong for a duck's bridle n • [Cf EDD whim-wham 9]
winker n 1 • [Orig nEngl, Scots dial; cf EDD winker sb. 1]
witches' stirrup n • [EDD (at witch sb.1 (37))]
witching stick n • [Cf EDD witch-wand (at witch sb.1 1.(40))...]
witch light n • [EDD (at witch sb.1 (26)) ``a will-o'-the-wisp'']
witch-ride v • [Cf EDD witch-ridden (at witch sb.1 (34)) ``having the nightmare'']
witchwood n • [nEngl dial (for Sorbus aucuparia)]
with prep, adv A3 (pronc) • esp among second-generation Engl speakers
withouten prep, conj • [Brit dial withouten, a doublet of without..]
withouten prep A • [nEngl dial]
wizzen n • [Chiefly nEngl, Scots, nIr varr of weasand; cf EDD weasand..]
wob v • [EDD wab sb. 2 ``A lump'']
wonder v1 1 • [..others appear to reflect Brit dial survivals of ME idioms..]
wonder v1 3 • [EDD wonder v. 6.(3)]
wooden hill n • [In Brit use at least since late 18th cent..]
wool v 3 • [Cf EDD wool v. 5 ..]
woolly n1 5 • [EDD woolly sb. 3 ``A hairy caterpillar'']
woolly bear n 1 • [EDD (at woolly adj. 1.(1))]
woolly mullein n • [In Brit use from the 18th cent..]
work v 1 • [Engl dial..]
work-brittle adj 1 • [..EDD work-bracco adj. 1. The origin of the second element is unknown.]
work-brittle adj 2 • [..cf EDD work-bracco adj. 2]
world, in the adv phr 1 • [Cf EDD of the world (at world sb. 2.(7)–(9))]
worrit v 1 • [Engl dial]
worrit v 2 • [Engl dial]
worrit n • [Engl dial..]
wrathy adj • [..Cf..EDD wrathy]
wrestle v, n A1 • [..widespread in Brit dial]
wrestle v, n A2 • [Brit dial]
wrinkle n • [Brit dial var of winkle]
wudge n • [Appar var of Brit dial (now colloq) wodge]
wudget n • [..cf EDD wedget (also wadget, woudgeat, etc) ``A small wad...'']
yaffle n • [Brit dial yaffle green woodpecker]
yagger v • [Cf EDD yaggle v. 1 ``To wrangle; to quarrel''..]
yarm v1 • [Cf EDD yarm v. 4 ``To scold..to find fault, grumble.'']
yarny n • [Cf EDD yarny ``Disposed to the telling of long tales.'']
yerk v, n • [..EDD yark v.1]
yoller n2 • [Prob < EDD yoller ``To bellow, bawl...To bark noisily''..]
yollop n, v • [EDD yollop, yollup (at yellop)]
yonder adv, adj, n A3 (pronc) • [EDD ``yunder Sh[etland] I[slands]'']
yonder adv, adj, n A6 • [EDD ``yon'er Sc.; yonner Sc.; youner n. Lan.'']
yonside adv A • [..EDD (at yon adj. 2)]
yonside prep B • [..EDD (at yon adj. 2)]
york v • [Scots, nEngl dial; cf EDD york (at yawk v. 1)]
yourn pron • [Engl dial]
youse pron • [Ir dial; EDD yees, yous]
castrate v (pronc) • occas epenthetic |ˈkæstəˌreɪt, ˈkæstɚeɪt|
exodust v • [..epenthetic t..]
erroneous; error
alligator n2 • [By error for delegate..]
blue pig n • [Prob erron for blind pig]
calomel root n • [?Erron for calamus]
cedar braker n • Also cedar breaker (erron or by folk-etym)
civet cat n 3 • [?Erron]
corning n • [?Erron for horning]
dragon n B4 • [Perh erron for draggin’ < dragging shoe]
-eroo suff • [Perh from buckaroo, erron analyzed as buck n + -aroo..]
hen’s tooth n 2 • [Error for or ironic var of clean as a hound’s tooth]
Indiana dye n • [Perh erron for Indian dye]
Indian posy n 2 • also, perh erron, Indian nosy
laxed ppl adj • [..perh erron for prolapsed or aphet form of relaxed]
pine keg n • [..perh erron for key..]
popple n1 • with modifier..occas used erron for linden (MAP)
rattleweed n a • also, perh erron, rattlewood
rubbers n pl • [..an erron alteration of earlier rubs..]
running pine n • Also, perh erron, running vine
euphemism; euphemistic(ally); also minced form; minced oath; minced phrase
ace-over-apex adv phr • euphem
afflicted ppl adj • [..here used as euphem for var disorders]
African n1, adj C2 • Used euphemistically in allusion to nigger in the woodpile 1a
all-fire n • old-fash, euphem
all-fired adj • [Euphem for hell-fired]
all-fired adv • [Euphem for hell-fired]
alter v • somewhat old-fash, sometimes euphem
Andy n • euphem
animal n B1 • euphem, esp among rural and male speakers; somewhat old-fash
animal fertilizer n • euphem
answer the last call v phr • euphem
antymire n • [Euphem blend of ant + pismire]
ash can n 4 • euphem
aunt n B5 • euphem, esp among female speakers
aunt n B6 • euphem
Aunt Jane’s room n • joc, euphem
A-wiper n • euphem
back of the lap n • joc or euphem
bad man n 2 • euphem (MAP)
bad place n • euphem (MAP)
bagodbajees exclam • euphem
ballyhack n • euphem
basement n 2 • euphem
basket n 4 • euphem
bass-ackward(s) adv, adj • esp among men; joc or euphem
beast n B2 • euphem
bedide intj • [Euphem for be damned or bedad by God]
bees swarm phr • euphem
biffy n • euphem (MAP)
big jump, the n • euphem
billy-be-damned n • Also euphem sp Billy Bedam
billy hell n • Also euphem pronc-sp Billy Hal
birch n • euphem, joc
biscuit n B5 • euphem (MAP)
biscuit-eater n • [Euphem for bitch]
bit-player n • euphem
black-dogged ppl adj • euphem
blazes n, intj • euphem (MAP)
blood n 4 • euphem
bloody monthlies n • euphem
blowed ppl adj 1 • euphem
bohunkus n 1 • joc, euphem
boo-dock n • joc euphem
bound v 2 • euphem
break one’s leg v phr • euphem
brute n • euphem
buck n1 2g • euphem (MAP)
build the fence v phr • old-fash, euphem
Bull Durham exclam • euphem
bullshipper n • [Euphem for bullshitter]
bungy n • euphem
bushwa n2, exclam • [Prob euphem for bullshit..]
buttricks n • [Euphem for buttocks]
calendar fear n • euphem
catfish n 1 • [Prob euphem for cat shit]
cat-harn n • [Minced form, ult from God-damn]
cat’s foot intj • [Prob orig euphem for Christ’s foot]
cattle bay n • [Prob euphem for bull bay]
chamber n B4 • euphem, somewhat old-fash
change v1 • euphem (MAP)
changes n pl • euphem
chase a rabbit v phr • euphem
check out v phr 1 • euphem
checks, cash in one’s v phr • euphem
cheese and crackers intj • euphem
cheesecakes n pl • euphem
chicken crow n • [Euphem for cockcrow dawn]
chihuahua intj • euphem
Christmas intj • [Euphem..]
clip v • euphem
college n B3 • euphem
colored baby n • euphem
come over v phr 2 • euphem
condemn v • euphem
consarn v • somewhat old-fash, euphem
consarned ppl adj, adv • euphem
consound v • euphem
contrive v 3 • euphem
contwisted ppl adj • euphem, obs
cookie n1 3 • joc, euphem (MAP)
country cousin n • euphem
cousin n 3 • euphem
cover the waterfront v phr 1 • euphem
cow n B3 • euphem
cow n B5 • euphem
cowbrute n • sometimes used euphem for a bull
cow critter n • sometimes used euphem for a bull
cow’s husband n • euphem or joc
cow topper n • euphem
crackers intj • [Euphem for Christ]
cracky intj • [Prob euphem for Christ..]
cramp n • [Euphem for Christ]
creation intj • [Prob euphem for Christ]
creekers intj • [Euphem for Christ..]
cricket intj • [Euphem for Christ]
crickey intj • [Euphem for Christ]
crimast intj • [Euphem for Christ]
criminy intj • [Prob euphem for Christ..] (MAP)
crimps intj • [Prob euphem for Christ]
crimus intj • [Prob euphem for Christ]
cripe intj • [Euphem for Christ]
critter n B2b • euphem
cross v 5 • euphem
crow intj • [Euphem for Christ]
crower n • euphem
cry-eye exclam • [Ellip euphem for Christ..]
curtsy mug n • euphem
custom exclam • euphem
cute adj 2 • euphem
cut one’s foot v phr • euphem
d. adj • euphem
d. n • euphem
daddy n 5 • euphem
darnation n, adj, adv, intj • [darn euphem for damn]
deuce, the n • euphem
devil and Tom Walker, the n • euphem the dickens and Tom Walker
ding v2 • euphem
dingdong n 4 • euphem
dingleberry n 2 • euphem
dingnation n • euphem, old-fash
dingus n1 2 • euphem
dinners n pl • euphem, joc
do v D4 • in var euphem phrr referring to defecation or urination
doctor v 4 • euphem
dod n • [Euphem for God]
dog n1 B7 • [Euphem for God]
dog v 6 • [Euphem] (MAP)
dog-bodied adv phr • euphem
dog my cats intj • euphem
doldern intj • euphem
donkey dust n • [Euphem..]
doodle n1 1 • [Prob euphem for cock n2..] (MAP)
doodl(e)y squat n • euphem
double-dog dare v phr • The formulaic phrr build..on..euphemistic..intensifiers.
down n3 • euphem
down adv B2 • [..possibly a minced form for damn]
down below adv phr 2 • euphem; esp freq among younger speakers
downstairs n • euphem
drat v • esp among educ speakers and women; euphem
dress v 4 • euphem
dressing n 5 • euphem (MAP)
drop off v phr 1 • euphem
drop one’s oar v phr • euphem
drop out v phr 1 • euphem
duke n1 2 • euphem
dumb v, adj, intj • [Euphems for damn, damned]
dumfoozled adj 2 • euphem
durn v, intj • Used as a euphem for damn
dust n1 4 • euphem
earl v • used in var euphem phrr
ell n2 • euphem
end man n 2 • euphem
entertaining the general vbl n • euphem
escusada n • euphem
excuse house n • euphem
fade v 2 • joc, euphem
fall asleep v phr • euphem
fall off the roof v phr • joc, euphem
family way, in a adj phr • euphem
fashionable tour n • euphem
father n B2 • euphem
father n B3 • euphem
feel good v phr • joc, euphem
female complaint n • euphem
Ferdinand n • joc or euphem
fetched ppl adj, adv • euphem
fetch-taked adj • euphem
fiddler’s feist n • [Euphem for fiddler’s bitch]
filly n 1 • euphem
filly n 2 • joc, euphem
find v B2 • euphem (MAP)
find rest v phr • euphem
flag n2 2 • euphem
flag-gone adj • euphem
fling n • euphem
flint n 3 • euphem
flourish v • euphem
flower n B1 • euphem
foot intj • euphem
for crying in the beer intj • [Euphem for for Christ’s sake or similar oaths..]
forevermore intj • [Euphem for oaths beginning with for or fore prep 2]
forget it phr 2 • Used as euphem for damn it (all)
fragrant adj • joc, euphem
frances n • euphem
freaking ppl adj • euphem
full moon n • euphem
furnace n 1 • euphem
fury n • Used as a euphem for hell, the devil, etc
gadder n2 • [Var of gad euphem for God]
galloping dandruff n • joc or euphem
game chicken n • [Euphem]
garden seed n • [Euphem for God sakes or similar phr]
geekus crow intj • [Euphem for Jesus Christ]
gentleman n B2 • euphem (MAP)
ginger n 3 • [Prob euphem for Jesus]
glory n1 B1 • freq in euphem phrr referring to death
glory n1 B2 • [..euphem for heaven(s) or God]
goat meat n • euphem
Godfrey n, intj • [Euphem for God]
gold dust n • euphem
gonnies n • [Euphem varr of God..]
gorry n, intj • [Euphem for God; cf golly]
gorry mighty intj • [Euphems for God almighty..]
gorsh n, intj • [Varr of gosh (euphem for God)..]
gosh all hemlock intj • [Euphems for gosh almighty < God almighty]
goshed adv • euphem
got intj • [Euphem for God]
grabs, by intj • [Euphems for by (or good) God]
grandpa n B5 • euphem
grass n 5a • euphem
great guns exclam • euphem (MAP)
Guinea n3 • [Euphem for God..]
gum v3 • usu in euphem phrr dad-gum (it)
gummy intj • [Cf gum euphem for God]
half-moon n 1 • joc, euphem
hallelujah n B1 • euphem
handle n, v1 C1 • euphem
hanover n 2 • [..as a euphem for Hell cf EDD]
haystack n 6 • euphem
he n 1 • freq euphem
head of the herd n • euphem
Hector n 2 • [Perh euphem for hell]
heifer dust n 2 • [Euphem for bullshit]
helch n • [Euphem for hell]
Helen n • [Euphems for hell]
hell all Friday intj • [Perh euphem for God Almighty]
hello intj • [Euphems for hell, hail Mary]
help n B • [Euphem for hell]
hen n2 • [Euphem for hell]
henfire n • [Euphem for hellfire..]
Henry n 2 • [Euphem for hell, with pun on O. Henry (William Sydney Porter)]
hickory n B9 • euphem
hindsights n pl 1 • [..prob also euphem for hindside n]
hog n B1b • often euphem
Horace n • euphem
hum n2 • euphem
hump n 3 • euphem
i prep • [By reduction of by in exclam phrr by God, by Jesus and varr (often with minced forms)..]
i prep • Used in var exclam phrr, usu with a euphem for God or Jesus
ill adj 2 • euphem
jabees intj • [Euphem for Jesus..]
Jacks, by intj • [Euphems for by Jesus]
jaw’s harp n • [Prob euphem or folk-etym for Jew’s harp]
jaybird intj • [Euphem for Jesus]
jeekers intj • [Prob euphem for Jesus (Christ)]
Jeems intj • [Euphems for Jesus..]
jeepers intj • [Euphems for Jesus (Christ)]
jeez intj • [Euphems for Jesus] (MAP)
jeezum crow intj • [Euphems for Jesus Christ]
jeezy-peezy intj • [Redup euphem for Jesus (Christ)]
Jehoshaphat n • [The Biblical name used as a euphem for Jesus]
Jemima n • [The Biblical name used as a euphem for Jesus]
jerps, by intj • [Prob euphem for by Jesus]
Jerusalem n • [The Biblical name used as a euphem for Jesus]
Jerush(e)y intj • [Pronc-spp for the Biblical name Jerusha used as euphems for Jesus..]
jiggers n2 • [Euphem for Jesus]
jiminy n • [..perh also infl by Jesus, as in many other minced oaths]
jiminy n b • [Euphems for Jesus Christ]
jingo n • [Perh euphem for Jesus..]
John Brown v phr • used as a euphem for damn
jokey adj • freq used euphem of a feebleminded person
Jordan n B • [Euphem for Jesus]
Joses n • [Minced form of Jesus..]
juckers n • [Prob euphem for Jesus]
Judas n • [Minced form of Jesus] (MAP)
kick n 2 • euphem
kitty n 3 • euphem (MAP)
lady’s monthly journal n • joc, euphem
land n • [Orig euphem for Lord..]
landy n • [Euphem for Lordy; cf land]
lawsy n, intj • rarely in other formulaic phrr as a euphem for Lord
lay away v phr • euphem
lie down v phr 1 • [..appar euphem for go to bed..] (MAP)
litter n 1 • euphem (MAP)
little house n 1 • euphem
little sister n • euphem
little Willie n • euphem
Lord n1 B1 • also minced phrr Lawk ’a’ mercy, Lawsy mercy, Lordy mercy and varr
Lucy Bowles n • joc, euphem (MAP)
male adj • euphem (MAP)
mammy-dodging adj • euphem
man n C6 • euphem
marble orchard n • joc or euphem
mark v1 2 • used..euphemistically, to castrate (MAP)
Mary Jane n 2 • euphem
minnie n5 • euphem
mischief n B • freq used euphemistically in exclams
nation n2 • [Euphem abbr, prob for damnation]
Nell’s bells exclam • euphem
nighthawk n 6 • [Prob euphem for night glass or varr]
office n 2 • euphem
old man n 4 • euphem
ox n B1 • euphem
pa n B3 • euphem
papa n2 3 • euphem
pass v 1 • euphem
pee ant n • [Euphem] (MAP)
piss-hole in the snow n • euphem
plague-gone adj phr, adv phr • euphem
plant v 1 • joc or euphem
plant one’s corn before one builds the fence v phr • euphem
poke the puppy v phr • [Euphem for fuck the dog]
portly adj 1 • [..now largely replaced by the orig euphem sense “stout, corpulent”]
possible n • euphem
post office n • euphem
pot n 12 • euphem
puredee adj, adv • [Prob orig euphem for pure damn(ed)]
ramshackled ppl adj 2 • Used as a euphem for “damned.”
rooster n 1 • euphem
rumpityfetida n • [Euphem var of asafetida]
Sam Patch n • Used as a euphem for the devil or hell
sea biscuit n • euphem
sea cook n • euphem (MAP)
shit fire exclam • euphem shoot fire
sickness n • euphem (MAP)
sire n 1 • sometimes euphem (MAP)
sit down v phr • euphem (MAP)
skate n2 1 • [..perh a (euphem?) var of skite n.2 2..]
slop jar n 1 • [Euphem use of slop jar large vessel used to collect household wastewater..]
slut n 2 • euphem
something on a stick n • [Euphem for shit on a stick]
stable horse n • euphem
steer n1 • euphem
stock cow n • euphem (MAP)
sugar foot n 3 • euphem
sugar tit n • euphems sugar tee, ~ thumb, ~ treat, S.T.
Sunday cow n • euphem
surly n • euphem (MAP)
swan v • used euphemistically for ``I swear to God.''
swizzled ppl adj1 • euphem for damned—freq in phr I'll be swizzled
swoggled ppl adj • euphem for damned—freq in phr I'll be swoggled
tap n1 2 • [..from tap tool for cutting a female thread, as euphem substitute for nut]
tarnation n, exclam • Used alone or in var combs as a euphem for hell, damnation
tarnation adj, adv • Used as a euphem for damned, damnably
tee-tee v, n • euphem
Tennessee chicken n • Used as a..euphem term for some meat other than chicken, esp salt pork
thunderation n, exclam • Used as a euphem for hell, damnation
thunderation adv • Used as a euphem for damnably
timberdoodle n • [Perh humorous or euphem alteration of woodcock..]
time n C4 • euphem
timenation n, exclam • Used as a euphem for damnation
top n 4 • euphem
Tophet n • Used as a euphem for hell
torment n • Used as a euphem for hell (MAP)
torment v • Used as a euphem for damn
toro n 1b • Used as a euphem
trifle on v phr • [From euphem use of trifle with in ref to sexual misbehavior]
tunket n1 1 • Used as a euphem for hell
unwell adj • euphem
vessel n • euphem (MAP)
work v 3 • euphem (MAP)
dah n • [Prob Ewe da mother]
foo-foo n1 • [Of West-African origin, rel to Ewe fu1fu1..and Fon fufu..]
voodoo n • [LaFr voudou of wAfr origin; cf Ewe, Fon vodu spirit, demon]
a inert vowel • [Excrescent]
acrost adv, prep • [across + excrescent t..]
attackt n • [attack + excr -t]
attackt v • [attack + excr -t..]
axt n • [ax + excr t, perh infl by Ger Axt ax]
balunst v • Pronc-sp for balance + excr t
crost adv, prep • [Aphet form of across + excr t]
exoduster n 1 • [exodus..+ excr t + er..]
hall n2 • [haw + excr l]
orphan n • [..The appar excrescent l of orfling, etc, may represent a survival of orphelin (OED ➝1652, EDD orf’lin).]
scrooch v • [Prob orig < crooch (dial var of crouch) + excrescent s-..]
snufter n • [Prob snuffer n1 + excrescent t..]
a indef art • eye-dial er, ur
any pron, adj, adv • eye-dial enny, hence also ennyhow, ennywhar, etc.
be v Al • eye-dial ar’
be v A3 • Eye-dial iz
be v A4 • Eye-dial wuz, ’uz
be v A5 • eye-dial wur
Christmas gift exclam • Pronc-spp or eye-dial C(h)ris’mus gif’; Christmas giff (MAP)
climb v 1 • eye-dial clime
clothes n pl • eye-dial cloes, clo’es, close
college n • Eye-dial spp colli(d)ge
colonel n • eye-dial kurnal, kurnel
come v • Eye-dial sp cum
critical-looking adj • Eye-dial sp crittacul-lookin’
cur dog n • Eye-dial cur dawg (MAP)
deaf adj • eye-dial def(f)
disencourage v • Eye-dial sp disincurridge
do v Al • Eye-dial or pronc-spp dew, doo, du
do tell exclam • Eye-dial dew tell, du ~
exactly adv • eye-dial sp eggzactly
folk n B2 • eye-dial sp fowkses
heir v • Eye-dial sp air
Indian bouquet n • Eye-dial sp Indian bokay
June rise n • Eye-dial sp Joone rise
listen v • Eye-dial lisen, liss(e)n
money light n • Eye-dial sp munny lite
of prep • eye-dial sp uv
onto prep • eye-dial ontu
pretty adj, adv, n A1a • eye-dial sp pritty
say v B1a • eye-dial sp sez
say v B3 • eye-dial sp sez
suspicion v • Eye-dial sp suspishion
voluntary adj • Eye-dial sp vol'nterry
F
facetious; facetiously
ain’t v1 • Rare in writing unless used facetiously
alter kocker n • Also facetious alter coyote
animule n • facetious
awomen corner n • [By facetious analogy with amen corner]
ax-handle n 1 • often facetious
cannonball n • facetiously, a slow train or branch railroad
educate v Bc • In facetious and humorous combs
footback adv • [By facetious analogy with horseback..]
forgettery n • [By facetious analogy with memory]
goonus n • [Facetious Latinizations of gooney 1]
high fog n • also used facetiously
hillbilly n 2 • facetious
hog n B8 • In facetious place names
I-all pron • [Facetious extension of I by analogy with we-all, you-all]
lawyer n (pronc) • also (often facetiously) |ˈlaɪjə(r)|
polekitty n • [By facetious analogy with polecat 1]
Portagoose n • [..by facetious analogy with goose/geese]
quituate v • [By facetious analogy with graduate]
Robert of Lincoln n • [By facetious folk-etym from bob-o-lincoln (at bobolink A)]
salivate v 2 • [Orig in facetious allusion to the double sense of blue pill..a laxative, and blue pill a bullet]
sliver cat n • sound, facetiously explained as the cry of an imaginary animal
t.b. n • [Facetious reinterpretations of t.b. tuberculosis]
familiar; familiarity; familiarized; familiarizing; familiarly
aggie n • [agg- from agate + -ie familiarizing suff]
alter kocker n • often derisive but also used familiarly
Betsy bread n • [Betsy famil form of Elizabeth, used to suggest domesticity..]
betty n • [Betty famil form of Elizabeth, used to suggest domesticity]
boonie n1 • [Familiarized form of boondock n]
brimsy adj • [Engl dial breme, brim fierce + -sy familiarizing suff]
buck n1 2b • Used as a man’s nickname or familiar form of address
chalkie n • [chalk n1 + -ie familiarizing suff]
choggie n • [Abbr for chogset + -ie famil suff]
cussie owl n • [Prob cuss curse + -ie, famil suff]
kinlin n • [Prob..lin, pronc-sp for -ling, used as dimin or familiarizing suff]
little old adj phr • Used to express disparagement, familiarity, or affection
female See women
peppernut n • [Calque of pfeffernuss or its synonym in Finnish..]
pulka n • [Lapp pulkke, Finnish pulkka]
alligator lily n • SE, esp FL
bay n3 2 • S Atl, esp seGA, neFL
bayhead n • FL
blind mosquito n • FL
blue Peter n 1 • chiefly Sth, esp FL
bonnet walker n • esp FL, GA
bonnet worm n • esp FL
buff-backed heron n • FL
bull ant n • chiefly FL, GA
bum n3 • SC, FL
cabbage n B5 • FL
cabbage palm n • chiefly FL
cabbage palmetto house n • FL
care v B2 • chiefly FL, MS, AR, OK, NM (MAP)
catch dog n • esp FL, GA
chickee n1 • FL
chizzywink n • chiefly FL
coco plum n • chiefly sFL
conch n 1 • sFL
conch pea n • FL
Coon Bottom n • esp FL
coon oyster n • chiefly S Atl, esp FL
cove n1 1c • FL
crying bird n • esp FL
Cuban sandwich n • chiefly FL (Map Section)
custard apple n 1 • chiefly FL, Gulf coast
deer owl n • GA, FL
dominicker n 7 • FL
everglade kite n • FL
fatwood n • chiefly FL, GA
flinthead n 1 • esp FL, GA
Florida room n • chiefly FL
Florida sore n • FL
gank-gutted adj • FL
gannet n 2 • esp FL
garter snake n 2 • FL
Georgia thumper n • esp FL
gopher n1 1a • esp FL, GA (MAP)
grampus n 2 • esp FL
grape basket n • esp FL, GA
gray snapper n • esp FL
grease n (pronc) • esp coastal SC, GA, FL
guinea squat n • esp AL, FL, GA
gumbo limbo n • FL
hamlet n • FL
hard-backed cooter n • sGA, nFL
head n B9 • chiefly FL, GA
heart of palm n • esp FL
hornback n, v • FL, GA
hummock n 2 • chiefly S Atl, esp FL (MAP)
hyacinth n 3 • FL
Indian pullet n • chiefly FL, GA, SC
inkwood n 1 • FL
ironhead n 2 • FL, GA, esp Okefenokee GA
jook n 2 • orig FL, later chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
jook n 3 • esp FL, GA
jook v3 • chiefly S Atl, esp FL
killing-peter n • esp FL
K oil n • FL, sGA
ladyfish n • esp FL
long white n • esp FL
Madeira n • FL
mangrove snapper n • FL
manzana apple n • FL
million-dollar weed n • FL
Moses-in-the-bulrushes n 1 • chiefly FL
mourning dove n 2 • chiefly AL, FL
muck n1 1b • esp FL, GA
nakedwood n • FL
oil weed n 2 • FL
old maid n 2 • esp FL
orange borer n • chiefly FL
orange dog n 1 • esp FL
packenham n • FL
palmetto bug n • esp FL
Peter’s mudhole n • GA, nFL
pigeon pea n 1 • chiefly FL
pilau n1 • chiefly SC, GA, FL (MAP)
plume bird n • FL, GA
pollywog n 4 • chiefly Gulf States, esp FL
pond gannet n • esp FL, GA
pond guinea n 1 • FL
poor man’s patches n • FL
prairie n B1 • chiefly GA, FL
prairie chicken n 3 • FL, LA
push pole n • esp FL
run n 1b • esp seGA, FL
scaper n • esp FL, GA
scrub n 1 • chiefly FL
scrub palmetto n • chiefly FL
shell-cracker n • esp FL
shivaree n B1 • widespread, but less freq Atlantic, Gulf States exc FL (MAP and Map Section)
silk-top palmetto n • FL
skunk ape n • FL
sofkee n • FL, OK
steephead n • chiefly nwFL
stinking cedar n • chiefly FL
stink shad n • chiefly FL
strand n1 • FL, sGA
strand n2 • FL
stumpknocker n 1 • esp FL, GA
summer coot n • FL
swale n 2 • FL, AL
swamp ape n • chiefly Gulf States, esp FL
swamp apple n 3 • FL
swamp cabbage n 2 • chiefly FL
swamp red bay n • esp FL
switch grass n 2 • FL
tobacco dove n • esp FL, GA
torchwood n • esp FL
turkeyberry n 3 • FL
twinflower n 2 • esp FL
varnish leaf n • FL
water bandit (snake) n • FL
white bacon n • chiefly FL, GA (MAP)
white curlew n 1 • esp FL
white shirt n • FL, GA, SC
wild pine n • FL
yellow bream n • esp FL
Florida, Palm Beach
afromobile n • Palm Beach FL
folk-etymological; folk-etymology
acetonemia n • folk-etym acid anemia
add-iron n • [Var of andiron, perh infl by folk-etym]
admittance, give one the v phr • [Folk-etym]
African n2 • [Malaprop or folk-etym]
agnes n • [Prob from pl of agnate + folk-etym personification]
airy-way n • [Prob folk-etym..]
Alaskan trade n • [Folk-etym based on last-go-trade..]
alley-waiter n • [Folk-etym, perh infl by dumbwaiter]
alligator n3 • [Perh folk-etym from gaiter]
anadama bread n • [Etym unknown; for folk-etym, see quots]
Andy-iron n • [Folk-etym]
Annie up v phr • [Folk-etym varr of ante up]
anthrash n • [Pronc var of anthrax, perh with folk-etym]
antigodlin adj, adv • [Var of antigoglin, perh infl by folk-etym..]
anti-i-over n, exclam • folk-etym-sp aunty-i-over (MAP)
apee n • [..for folk-etym see quot 1830]
appaloosa n1 (pronc) • |ˌæpəˈlišn| and pronc-spp appalachian may be infl by folk-etym
apple critter n • [Folk-etym]
arbutus n • Pronc-spp and folk-etyms arbeauties (-y), our beauties, habutus
armory n • [Prob folk-etym, but cf OED ambry from Fr armarie, aumoire]
arsle v • [..recent assle is prob due to folk-etym]
arthuritis n • [Folk-etym]
asparagus n • Pronc-spp infl by folk-etym
audacious(ly) adj, adv (pronc) • occas folk-etym |a^Utˈdešəs|
Aunt Jericho n • [Folk-etym]
Aunt Lucy n • [Prob folk-etym alter of Ellisia]
ax-held n • [Folk-etym, prob infl by ax helve + held past tense of hold]
bamberry n • [Prob folk-etym alter of Fr bain-marie, double boiler]
bankrupture adj • [Folk-etym]
barberry n • [Folk-etym]
bar ditch n • [..for folk-etym, see quot..]
bardy grease n • [Pronc-sp or folk-etym for verdigris]
barrow ditch n • Also, by folk-etym, borrow ditch (Map Section)
barrow pit n • Also, by folk-etym, borrow pit
beau dollar n • [..Boer dollar appears to be folk-etym] (MAP and Map Section)
bedfast adj • Also, by folk-etym, bed-fastened, ~ fasting (MAP)
belly-butting n, adv • perh by folk-etym, belly-button
benjamin n • [By folk-etym from Middle Fr benjoin benzoin, in ref to its aromatic fragrance]
big I, little you n • [Perh folk-etym of big-eye adj..punningly with the letters i and u]
bird dock n • [Folk-etym]
birding vbl n • [Perh folk-etym for burden chorus, refrain]
black-mammy n • [Prob black + mammy folk-etym for mummy a brown bituminous pigment..]
blue-ball n • [Folk-etym from bubo]
boll-evil n • [Perh folk-etym]
boll weaver n • [Folk-etym for boll weevil]
bondfire n • [?Folk-etym]
bone-eater n • [Folk-etym for bonito]
book n2 • [By folk-etym from ME or Scots bouk belly..]
bowman’s root n • [Folk-etym from beaumont root]
brogue v • [Folk-etym of bogue v infl by brogue a heavy, coarse shoe]
bronze John n 1 • [..John, perh folk-etym personification of Fr jaune yellow]
brown kitties n • [Folk-etym]
bullet grape n • [By folk-etym from bullace 2]
bullox v • [Folk-etym for bollix]
bundle stiff n • [Folk-etym for bindle stiff]
burdog n • [Folk-etym]
burned hazel n • [Folk-etym]
burr vine n • [Folk-etym for vervine, alter of verbena]
caballada n • folk-etyms cavalry yard, calf yard
cambric tea n • folk-etym Cambridge tea
campbell-roof n • [Folk-etym for gambrel roof]
candy adj • [Folk-etym for candid]
candy sticker n • [Prob folk-etym for Canada + sticker..]
car n2 • [Folk-etym for corf]
carbuncle n • Also,..folk-etym forms carbuckle, carbustle, cowbuncle
cassabanana n • Also..folk-etym cash banana
cat-hammered adj • [Folk-etym for cat-hammed]
cat track n • [Folk-etym for cataract]
cedar braker n • Also cedar breaker (..by folk-etym)
centipede n • folk-etym sandy Pete
chair bark oak n • [Perh folk-etym for cherry bark oak]
chartered adj • [Prob alter, by folk-etym, of charred]
chester drawers n • [..perh folk-etym..for chest of drawers]
chew down v phr • [Alter, perh by folk-etym, of jew down]
chickenberry n • [Folk-etym var of checkerberry]
cholera morbus n • by folk-etym colored marbles
choupique n • pronc- and folk-etym spp shoe-peg, shoe-pick
cisor n • [..perh also folk-etym sizer..]
clawfish n • [Folk-etym for crawfish]
clear-eye n • [Folk-etym of 15th cent form clary]
col’-bucking vbl n • [Perh folk-etym alter of Fr culbute somersault]
cold slaw n • [Folk-etym]
collyrobin n • [Folk-etym]
collywobbles n • [Prob folk-etym for cholera morbus..]
comb n B7 • [Folk-etym]
comfort n 5 • [Folk-etym]
comfort n 6 • [?Folk-etym for comfit]
coolit leaf n • [?Folk-etym for coolwort 1]
coonass n • [Folk-etym of Fr conasse..] (MAP)
cooncan n • [Folk-etym of MexSpan con quién with whom]
coonjine n 3 • [Perh by folk-etym assoc with conjoin]
cordwinder n • [Folk-etym for cordwainer]
cork n2 • [Folk-etym for calk]
cork v2 • [Folk-etym for calk, caulk]
corn crow n • [Perh folk-etym or pronc-sp for carrion crow]
cowitch n • [Folk-etym for cowage]
crab v3 • [Perh folk-etym for crib]
crawley root n • [Perh folk-etym]
cricksand n • [Folk-etym for quicksand..]
crim n • Folk-etym sp cream
cripple n2 • [Perh alter of scrapple by folk-etym]
curious ointment n • [Folk-etym for aphet form of mercurous]
curled ppl adj • [Prob ellip for or folk-etym from curdled..]
curly flower n • [Folk-etym; cf EDD curlyflower at curly adj. 1 (9)]
Dallis grass n • folk-etym sp Dallas grass
damsel plum n • [Folk-etym for damson plum]
daniel-line n • [Folk-etym var of dandelion]
dear Dora n • [Folk-etym..]
death rain n • [Folk-etym..]
deer darrow n • [Folk-etym..]
delirium tremors n • [Folk-etyms]
dinner on the ground(s) n • [Prob orig grounds.., and ground by folk-etym] (MAP)
dog chimney n • [..prob folk-etym..of (wattle and daub) chimney..]
dog in the ring n • [Prob folk-etym for dob in the ring]
double carry n • [double + folk-etym for Kerria]
double tenant n • [Perh folk-etym for double tenement (at double house 2)]
doubletree n • [Appar by analogy with singletree, folk-etym for swingletree] (MAP and Map Section)
dough baby n • [Perh folk-etym of dobe n 5..]
doughboy n2 • [Folk-etym for adobe]
doughface n • Also, by folk-etym, door-face
dreadnought n • [dread v + nought nothing, and, by folk-etym, not]
dry-kill n • [Perh folk-etym for dry-ki]
dry out v phr • [Folk-etym for try out to render (fat)]
dumb-skull n • [Prob folk-etym for numskull]
dung adj • [Folk-etym for dun]
eaceworm n • folk-etym spp easterworm, eastworm
eagle-hawk n 2 • [Prob by folk-etym]
eggclair n • [Pronc-sp, prob infl by folk-etym, for eclair]
ell n1 • [Perh folk-etym..]
ellenyard n • [Also, by folk-etym, ell and yard]
embroidery n B • [Perh folk-etym]
endiron n • [Folk-etym for andiron]
entrailitis n • [Folk-etym for enteritis]
evans’-root n • [Folk-etym for avens, understood as proper name Evans]
eyesight n • [Perh malaprop or folk-etym for inset or insert]
fancy mouse n • [Folk-etym for fence mouse]
fattyman n • [Folk-etyms and pronc-spp for fattigmanns bakkels]
faux pas n • (often intentional) folk-etyms
felony n • [Prob folk-etym or malapropism for felon]
ferry wheel n • [Folk-etym for Ferris wheel]
fever deluxe n • [Perh folk-etym for fever and lurk(s)]
fiador n • folk-etym sp theodore
field gentry n • [Perh folk-etym for field centaury]
fieldspar n • [Folk-etym for feldspar]
fight net n • [Perh folk-etym for fyke net]
finnan haddie n • Also, by folk-etym, finny haddie
fire-brew adj • [Folk-etym for fibroid]
fist-to-cuff fight n • [Folk-etym from fisticuff]
flatform n • [Folk-etym for platform]
flimsy n • [Folk-etym for influenza]
floor-flusher n • [Folk-etym for four-flusher]
Florida lime n • [Folk-etym]
flounderer n2 • [Perh by folk-etym]
flow n1 2 • [Perh folk-etym for flaw]
fontis cat n • Also folk-etym funny sacks
foolish earth n • [Folk-etym for fuller’s earth]
foothold n • Also, by folk-etym, foothole
foot-lock n • [Folk-etym]
forerunner n 2 • also, by folk-etym, four runners
forward n • [Pronc-spp, sometimes by folk-etym, for forehead]
founder v • Also, by folk-etym, flounder
freemale n • [Perh folk-etym for female]
future v • [Folk-etym var of feature v 1]
gabble racket n • [..folk-etyms of ME Gabrielle rache..]
Gabriel barn n • [Perh folk-etym for gable barn or gambrel barn (at gambrel roof)]
gallinipper n • [..orig form has clearly been much altered by folk-etym and other processes..]
gambling stick n • [Varr, some perh by folk-etym, of gambrel 1]
gimlet stick n • [Prob by folk-etym]
gloam n • prob by folk-etym, gloom
goose hangs high, the phr • [..the var with honks is prob a folk-etym]
granny-nipper n 1 • [Prob by folk-etym]
granny pump n • [Prob by metath and folk-etym]
grass tetanus n • [Folk-etym for grass tetany]
grease n B2 • [Perh folk-etym for Croesus]
guardfish n • [Appar folk-etym for garfish]
gypsum weed n • [Appar folk-etym for jimson]
gypsyweed n 3 • [Appar folk-etym for jimson]
hair plow n • [Perh folk-etym of harra plow (< harrow plow)..]
Haiti n 2 • [Folk-etym for Hades]
halibut n • folk-etym haul-a-boat
hambeer n • [Var of ambeer 2, perh infl by folk-etym ham + beer]
handiron n1 • [Folk-etym for andiron..]
Hannah Cook n • [Perh folk-etym for hand or cook..]
hasenpfeffer n • by folk-etym, hoss and peffer, horse and pepper (MAP)
hay barrack n • [Folk-etym for Du hooiberg haystack]
hi cock the oriole n • [Folk-etym for high cockalorum..]
highbelia n • [Folk-etym..]
high-bred n, adj • [Folk-etym for hybrid]
high-gear n • [Folk-etym]
high geranium n • [Folk-etym var of hydrangea; cf EDD]
high-holer n • [Folk-etym varr of hickwall..]
high-muck-a-muck n 2 • [Prob by folk-etym..]
highstrikes n pl • [Varr of hysterics, perh by folk-etym..]
hiphazard adv • [Var of haphazard, perh by folk-etym]
hog-goblin n • [Perh folk-etym for hobgoblin]
holey n • [..folk-etym or punning sp holy..]
Holly Eve n • [Folk-etym]
honest n • [Var, perh by folk-etym, of earnest]
hook n 5 • [Perh folk-etym..]
hooligan n • [Folk-etyms for eulachon]
hoopid salmon n • folk-etym sp hooped salmon
humid n • [Perh folk-etym for humus]
hypo n 1 • folk-etym hip-hoed (MAP)
ice potato n • [Pronc-sp for Irish potato.., perh infl by folk-etym]
impetigo n (pronc) • also, by folk-etym, |ˌɪnfənˈtaɪgo, ˈɪnfənˌtaɪgo, ɛn-|
iron glass n • [Folk-etym for isinglass]
ivory n2 • [Folk-etym for ivy] (MAP)
jack n2 1 • [Folk-etym for Scots chack (SND at chuck n2)]
jack bite n • [Prob folk-etym for Scots, Ir, nEngl dial chack a snack + bite]
jackstone n • [Folk-etym for Engl chackestone (OED) at checkstone sb.1)]
jalousie n • [..the form jealousy..is either a calque or folk-etym]
jaw’s harp n • [Prob euphem or folk-etym for Jew’s harp]
Jerusalem artichoke n • [..ult folk-etym for Ital girasole]
jim work n • [Prob folk-etym for gin work..]
John Canoe n • [Folk-etym from W Afr source..]
jomo n • by folk-etym Joe Moore
journeycake n • [Prob folk-etym for johnnycake]
June bird n1 • [..uppercase J in June is prob by folk-etym]
kettlepot n • [Folk-etym; cf skillpot]
killpot n • [Folk-etym..]
king’s cure-all n 1 • also, by folk-etym, king coal-oil
kit n 2c • [..var kittle and biling is prob by folk-etym]
kittly-bender n • by folk-etym, kidney-bender
kitty-corner adv, adj • [Prob folk-etym..]
lackadaisical adj • also, perh by folk-etym, lackadaisy
ladies’-streamer n • [Folk-etym for Lagerstroemia]
laggerstreamer n • [Folk-etym for Lagerstroemia]
lagoonberry n • [Folk-etym for nagoonberry]
land-baist v • [Folk-etym for lambaste]
larder beetle n • [Folk-etym for the species name lardarius, literally “of bacon”]
lasso trade n • [Folk-etym for last-go-trade]
lattwaerrick n • by folk-etym, latticework jam
lava bowl n • [Folk-etym for lavabo]
lavatory n • Pronc-spp labatory and (perh infl by folk-etym) laboratory
leapfrog milk n • [Folk-etym for Liebfraumilch]
leather bush n 2 • [Prob folk-etym for latherbush]
leavesdrop v • [Folk-etym for eavesdrop]
leave trough n • [Prob folk-etym for eave trough (at eaves trough)]
libel n, v • folk-etym sp lie-bill
life elastic n • [Folk-etym]
live devil aspirin n • [Folk-etym]
liverwish n • [Folk-etym or pronc-sp for liverwurst]
liverworth n • [Folk-etyms]
loafer n • [Folk-etyms for Span lobo wolf]
lord god n 1 • [Prob folk-etym varr of logcock] (MAP)
lowbelia n • [Folk-etym..]
low-bred adj, n • [Folk-etym, by analogy with high-bred]
low-gear n • [Folk-etym, by analogy with high-gear]
-ma- infix • and, appar by folk-etym, -my-
mad ax n • [Folk-etym for mattocks]
maggot-fish n • [Appar folk-etym for margate fish]
mange grass n • [Perh folk-etym for Means grass]
mangrow n • [Prob folk-etym for mangle n1..]
marbleberry n • [Prob by folk-etym]
margaret grunt n • [Appar folk-etym for margate fish..]
marketfish n • [Folk-etym for margate fish]
markweed n • [Prob folk-etym for mercury]
mecate n • by folk-etym, McCart(h)y
median (strip) n 1c • [Perh by folk-etym] (MAP)
meet-up n • [Prob folk-etym for netop]
midnight wife n • [Perh by folk-etym from midwife]
miss stays v phr • Also, perh by folk-etym, misstay
moaners’ bench n • [Pronc-sp or folk-etym for mourners’ bench..]
molly n1 2 • [Var of or folk-etym for muley adj, n2]
more hair n • [Folk-etym for mohair..]
mow n1 • Also, by folk-etym, mound, mown
mow v • Also, by folk-etym, mound, mown (MAP)
mud lark n 2 • [Prob folk-etym for medlark]
mutton corn n • [Perh folk-etym form of Scots mauten..]
nametake n • [Perh folk-etym]
needcessity n • [Brit, esp Scots, folk-etym for necessity]
net-fly n • [Folk-etym for gnat-fly]
neutral n • [Folk-etym]
never-sweat n2 • [Folk-etym for avocet]
nigger n2 • [Folk-etyms for niggard(ly)..]
nux vomica n • by folk-etym, nox vomit, ox vomit
old-timer’s disease n • [Folk-etym for Alzheimer’s disease]
Ole Ole Olson all in free exclam • [Prob folk-etym for all-ee all-ee out(s) in free] (MAP)
original n • [Prob folk-etyms for ridgel..]
overhauls n pl • [Folk-etym for overalls]
overplush n • [Folk-etym for overplus n..]
oxeye n 1a • folk-etym sp oxide
oyster sale n • [Folk-etym for hoist the sail (at hoist the (green) sail)]
paisano n 2 • [..prob folk-etym for faisán..]
pan n1 • [Var, prob by folk-etym, of palm (pronounced [pæm])]
panel n • [Folk-etym for pan n1]
parboil v • by folk-etym, power boil
peach-orchard beau n • [Folk-etym..]
pegging awl n • [perh, if the peg- of pegmonk is of Algonquian origin, a folk-etym]
penny-ciders n • [Folk-etym for appendicitis]
permit n • [Folk-etym for AmSpan palometa]
pestle-tail n • prob by folk-etym pencil-tail
piano plant n • [By folk-etym from peony..]
pinacate bug n • prob by folk-etym pity cardy
pinkish adj • [Perh folk-etyms for peakish, peaky]
poach v A3 • [Perh by folk-etym]
point-blank adv, adj A5 • [Perh by folk-etym]
poke of moonshine n • [..a folk-etym from an unidentified Algonquian word..]
pond n1 • [Var, prob by folk-etym, of pound n2]
poodle-doo n • [Folk-etym var of poule d’eau]
poor Job n • [Prob folk-etym for poor joe n2]
poor joe n2 • [..poor Job.. prob represents a further folk-etym alteration]
pots and kettles n • [Prob folk-etym for potash kettle]
pot-tail n • [Appar by folk-etym or metanalysis from pot ale..]
power doctor n • [Perh folk-etym for powwow doctor (at powwow n 2)..]
prickler weed n • [By metath and perh folk- etym]
privy n 1 • [..prob by folk-etym from privet]
prostrate n • [Folk-etym for prostate]
pulley bat n • [Perh folk-etym for bullbat..]
queen’s delight n • by folk etym queen of the lights
quinine n • by folk-etym, Queen Ann
range shelter n • perh by folk-etym, rain shelter (MAP)
ranstead weed n • by folk-etym, rancid
ratsbane n 1 • by folk-etym, ratsvane, rat’s vein
ready v • [Folk-etym for redd..]
red bay n 4 • [Perh folk-etym for red betty]
red-handy adj • [Var, perh by folk-etym, of red-handed]
red-headed Louisa n • [By folk-etym from genus Lewisia]
red-heater n • [Folk-etyms for radiator]
rescue grass n 2 • [Perh folk-etym]
reservoir n • by folk-etym razorboiler, resebiler, rizzy-boiler
riffraff n, v • [Folk-etym for riprap]
ring n2 • [Prob folk-etym for rung]
roaches of the liver n • [Folk-etym for cirrhosis of the liver]
Robert of Lincoln n • [By facetious folk-etym from bob-o-lincoln (at bobolink A)]
rock sallet n • [By folk-etym from rocket]
roundwood n • [..round is prob a folk-etym spelling representing [ra^Un]..]
sabbath berry n • [Prob by folk-etym]
sacalait n • [LaFr, by folk-etym..from Choctaw sakli..]
sambo n3 • [Appar var, by folk-etym, of song bow]
sandhill crane n • by folk-etym, Sam Hill crane
sand tart n 1 • by folk-etym, saint heart
sandy mounder n • [Folk-etym for salamander 2]
santapee n • folk-etym sandy Pete
scandal n B • [By folk-etym from scoundrel (esp as pronounced [ˈska^Unəl])]
scapegallows n • Also, by folk-etym, scrapegallows
scooter n3 • [Prob folk-etym]
scorch v2 • [Perh folk-etym from aphet ’scort..]
Scotch bloom n • [Prob by folk-etym]
Scotch chenille n • [Folk-etym for cochineal]
scrapegoat n • [Folk-etym for scapegoat]
scythe n1 • by folk-etym, side
seapoose n • [Partial folk- etym of an Algonquian word; cf Delaware sepus..]
seed tick n 1 • folk-etym sea tick (MAP)
separate v • [Folk- etym for suppurate]
sheal n • perh by folk-etym, shield
sheep sour n • [..prob by folk-etym from sheep sorrel..]
sheeting n • [Folk-etym for sheathing]
shift-robe n • [Var, perh by folk-etym, of chifforobe]
shimmy v • [Prob by folk-etym < shinny v..]
shine bone n • [Perh folk-etym var of chine bone]
shivaree n • by folk-etym, chivalree, shivering
shoemaker berry n • [Folk-etyms for shoemake, var of sumac]
shoepack n • [Folk-etym < Delaware trade jargon seppock, sippack shoes]
shoo-ants oil n • [Folk-etym for insurance oil]
shut adj • [..The form shed is derived..by folk-etym infl from shed..]
shuttle n • [Folk-etym for scuttle]
singletree n • [Folk-etym for swingletree..] (MAP)
sit-alone baby n • [Perh folk-etym for set-along child (at set-along)]
skillpot n • [Folk-etyms for Du schildpad..] (MAP)
sliding pond n • [..pond prob folk-etym var of Du baan path..]
sliding pond n 2 • rarely, by folk-etym, slide upon: A playground slide
slip-go-down n • [..perh by folk-etym from slip n1]
smear in v phr • [Perh folk-etym for smur v..]
snack picker n • [Perh folk-etym for snag picker]
snickerdoodle n • [Varr, perh partly by folk-etym, of Ger (Swabian dial) Schneckennudel..]
snob v • [Prob by folk-etym from snub]
sockeye salmon n • [Folk-etym for Salish suk-kegh red fish]
solitary n • [Folk-etym for solitaire a card game played by one person]
souse meat n • perh by folk-etym, sauce meat, south meat, sows meat (MAP)
sparrowgrass n1 • [..folk-etyms for sparagus] (MAP)
spire grass n • [Perh folk-etym for asparagus, infl by the shape]
spitting image n • [..The current prevailing form, spitting image, is doubtless a folk-etym...]
splitting image n • [..varr, prob by folk-etym, of spit image, spitting image]
spoonhunt n • [Prob folk-etym for some AmInd term]
sprawl n2 • [Folk-etym for spall..]
spreading outer n • [Folk-etym for spreading adder]
stacey salad n • [Folk-etym for Cherokee ustesgi + salad]
star-naked adj • [Prob folk-etym for stark-naked]
start-naked adj phr • [The earlier form of which stark-naked is appar a folk-etym..]
steelpot n • [Folk-etym for skillpot]
stoker n • [Perh folk-etym for stogie]
stout n • [Prob folk-etym for Engl dial stowk or Du dial. stuik..]
stouter n • [Var, perh by folk-etym, of swEngl dial strouter..]
stringhalted adj • appar by folk-etym, springhaltered, stringhaltered
stringhalted adj B2 • [Appar reinterpretation based on folk-etym]
sumac n • perh by folk-etym, shoemaker, shumaker
swamp potato n • [Perh folk-etym for swan potato]
sweet religion n • [Folk-etym]
swish broom n • [..swiss- is prob by folk-etym for swish- or switch-.] (MAP)
swiveltree n • [Engl dial; folk-etym for swingletree]
tail n2 • [Prob folk-etym for stale 1]
tarpole wagon n • [..DSME suggests that tarpole is a folk-etym for tarpaulin.]
tenon n • [..other varr appear to be due to var..folk-etymological influences]
terrified fever n • [Folk-etym for typhoid fever]
thrust n • [Perh by folk-etym from thrush]
thwart n • [.. OED2 thought sb.2, thaught,..gradually replaced by thwart (presumably through folk-etym)..]
tinted adj • [Prob folk-etym for tainted]
toad sack n • [Folk-etym for tow sack or tote sack, perh infl by croker sack]
toe line n • [Folk-etym for taw line]
tomalley n • by folk-etym, tamale
tom fuller n • [Folk-etym for Choctaw tahfula hominy]
tommyhawk n • [Partial folk-etym for tomahawk..]
tommytoe n • [Joc or folk-etym var of tomato]
tortoise collar n • [Folk-etym for torticollis]
tote sack n • [Folk-etym for tow sack]
tow sack n • Folk-etym sp toe sack (MAP and Map Section)
toy n • [By folk-etym]
traveling pains n pl • [Perh folk-etym for travailing/traveling pains labor pains..]
trespass n, v • by folk-etym, trustpass
trigger v • [Prob by folk-etym from trig v2]
troutline n • [Folk-etym for trotline]
tumbler cart n • [Folk-etym for tumbrel..]
tunnel bed n • [Folk-etym for trundle (bed)]
turf v • [Appar var, by folk-etym, of tuft]
turret n (pronc) • [Var of terret, either continuing an older form..or by folk-etym]
unkept adj • [Prob folk-etym for unkempt]
unsight unseen adv phr, adj phr • perh by folk-etym on sight (and) unseen (MAP)
valentine n • by folk-etym, |ˈvælən̩taɪm|
vertical vein n • [By folk-etym]
very close vein n • [By folk-etym]
very coarse vein n • [By folk-etym]
water bandit (snake) n • [Prob folk-etym for banded water snake]
water motie n • [Partial folk-etym for MexSpan guatamote, batamote seepwillow]
wheelbarrel n • [Folk-etym for wheelbarrow]
which and way, every adv phr • [Varr, prob by folk-etym, of every whichaway (at whichaway(s))]
winkle-hawk n • prob by folk-etym (w)rinkle-hawk (MAP)
witching stick n • [..much folk-etym influence from witch one who practices sorcery...]
work-brittle adj 2 • [Appar folk-etym reinterpretation..]
wrangle v • [By folk-etym from wrango]
zinc n • [Folk-etym for sink..]
jaybird n • [..this folk-name is prob considerably older..]
whip-tongue n • [A Brit folk-name for this plant]
white bottle n • [Brit folk-name]
boo boo n1 • [Prob from an Afr word (cf Fon bũbũ insect)..]
foo-foo n1 • [Of West-African origin, rel to Ewe fu1fu1..and Fon fufu..]
voodoo n • [LaFr voudou of wAfr origin; cf Ewe, Fon vodu spirit, demon]
wickiup n • [In var AmInd langs, e.g., Sac, Fox, and Kickapoo, wikiyap..]
French (See also French, American; French, Belgian; French, Cajun; French, Canadian; French, Louisiana)
abri n • [Fr abri shelter]
à la Comanche adv phr • [Fr à la in the manner of + Comanche an Indian tribe]
alamagoozlum n • [..perh from Fr à la + -ma- infix + goozlum thick liquid]
alisier n • [Fr alisier whitebeam (Sorbus aria)]
allée n • [Fr allée path, passage]
alley n1 • [Fr allée journey, passage, going, track]
all two adj, pron, conj • [..Fr tous les deux..]
angels on horseback n pl • [Loan-transl of Fr anges à cheval..]
apee n • [Back-formation from Fr épice, understood as pl..]
appola n • [Cf DCan appalat in similar sense, from French apala titbit..]
arminette n • [Fr arme weapon]
armoire n • [Fr] (MAP)
armory n • [Prob folk-etym, but cf OED ambry from Fr armarie, aumoire]
arpent n • chiefly LA and other French settlement areas
ataunto adv, adj • [Ult Fr autant as much (as possible)]
baboune n • Fr settlement areas
ball n2 • [Fr bal dance]
bambache n • [Fr bamboche spree]
bamberry n • [Prob folk-etym alter of Fr bain-marie, double boiler]
banquette n • [Fr banquette foot-path]
bar n3 • Sth, esp sLA and other Fr settlement areas
bateau n, v • [Fr]
battery n 2 • [Fr batterie large kettle in which sugar is made]
battle n2 • [Calque from Fr bataille battle, a card game]
batture n • [Fr “waterside bank”]
beau v • [..Fr beau fine, beautiful]
beaucoup adj, n, adv • [Fr beaucoup much, a great deal] (MAP)
bec-a-lance n • [Fr bec à lancette lancetbill]
beignet n • [Fr]
benjamin n • [By folk-etym from Middle Fr benjoin benzoin, in ref to its aromatic fragrance]
bet-piyan n • [Fr bête puante stinking animal]
blanc-bec n • [Fr blanc white + bec beak, nose, mouth]
blue pop n • [Fr pape bleu]
bobo n • [Fr]
boche n • [Fr boche a German]
bois d’arc n • [Fr bois d’arc bow wood] (MAP)
bonhomme n • [Fr bonhomme good fellow]
booya n • [CanFr < Fr bouillon broth, soup..]
bosque n • [..perh also Fr bosquet in same sense]
boucherie n • [Fr]
bouchette n • [Fr bouchette a small mouth; here a small mouthful]
boudin n • [Fr]
boulette n • [Fr]
bourré n • [Fr bourrer to stuff]
braes n • [Fr braise charcoal]
branle n • [Fr branler to swing as a pendulum]
branle v • [branle a dance < Fr branler to shake, agitate]
brin n • [Prob Fr brin very small piece, hence of small mesh]
bronze John n 1 • [..John, perh folk-etym personification of Fr jaune yellow]
brulé n • [Fr]
buche n • [Fr bûche log]
buffalo wood n • [Prob transl of Fr bois de vache]
caba n • [Fr cabas basket]
cabine n • [Fr cabine cabin; cf cabinet (d’aisances) toilet]
caboche n • [Fr caboche head]
cache n • [Fr “hiding place”]
cahoot n1 • [..Fr cahute cabin, cohorte company..]
canal n • [..in LA, Fr canal]
case n2 • [..perh Fr caisse cash..]
casson n • [..cf Fr caisson..]
catooch n • [Fr cartouche cartridge]
cave n 1 • [Cf Fr cave cellar] (MAP)
centipede n • [..forms with final d or t are..from Fr centipède]
chaland n • [LaFr < Fr chaland, chalan..]
chassay v • [Fr chasser to chase; past pple chassé]
chenier n • [LaFr < Fr chêˌene oak]
chevalier de batture n • [Fr “knight of [the] embankment”]
chicken nest n • [Cf Fr nid de poule pothole, lit “chicken nest”]
chippy n2 3 • [Perh rel to Fr chipie a shrewish woman] (MAP)
choo intj • [Fr chou..]
chouette n • [Fr]
chourisse n • [?Fr rendering of Span chorizo]
chowder n • [Prob Fr chaudière pot..]
coast n 1a • [..cf Fr côte coast, shore]
coast n 3 • [Cf Fr côte hillside, slope]
cochon n • [Fr cochon swine, pig]
cochon de lait n • [Fr “sucking pig”]
coffee milk n • [Prob transl Fr café-au-lait coffee with milk]
col’-bucking vbl n • [Perh folk-etym alter of Fr colbute somersault]
collier n2 • [Prob Fr collier collar, in allusion to its ringed neck]
collogue v • [..perh from Fr colloque conference, consultation]
come ci v phr • [Engl come + Fr ci here]
compere n • [Fr compère comrade]
compree v • [Fr compris understood]
contra dance n • [Engl country dance altered in Fr to contredanse..]
coonass n • [Folk-etym of Fr conasse..] (MAP)
cordelle n, v • [Fr]
cotton marais n • [cotton + Fr marais swamp]
couillon n • [Fr]
coulee n • [Fr coulée a flow..]
coupe n • [Fr coupe a cut]
court bouillon n • [Fr court condensed + bouillon]
cracker-over-enny n • [Prob for Fr cracovienne a Polish dance]
crevalle n • [Prob Fr crevale a fish (Littré)]
crevey n • [Fr crevé a break, broken place]
cuite n • [Fr..]
curage n • [Fr “persicaria, water pepper”]
dame of honor n • [Transl of Fr dame d’honneur literally “lady of honor” a lady-in-waiting]
dasheen n • [Perh Fr de Chine (imported) from China]
daube n • [Fr]
day clean n • [..cf..Fr Creole ju netye literally jour nettoyé day cleaned]
dodo, go v phr • [Fr faire (un) dodo (in baby talk) to take a nap, go to sleep < dormir to sleep]
dormeur n • [Fr “sleeper, sluggard”]
dory n1 • [Fr doré gilded]
embarras n • [Fr “obstacle”]
escalin n • [Fr]
espantoon n • [..from Fr sponton, esponton..]
esplanade n • [Fr; in Texas, prob infl by Span explanada lawn]
étouffée n • [Fr étouffer to smother]
fâché adj • [Fr]
fam-fam n • [Creole redup form of Fr faim hunger]
Fat Tuesday n • [Transl of Fr mardi gras]
faux pas n • [Fr “false step”]
fesse n • [Fr]
filé n • [AmFr < Fr filer to twist, spin]
flamant n • [Fr “flaming”]
flamboyant-tree n • [Fr flamboyant flaming..]
flottant n • [Fr “floating”]
fofarraw n • [..Fr fanfaron blusterer; later forms perh infl by Fr frou-frou..]
foot intj • [..perh infl by Fr foutre..]
footy adj • [..Prob ult from Fr foutre copulate]
for prep C7 • [The LA examples may be infl by Fr use of pour to indicate the time of anticipated events..]
fouiller v • [Fr]
frappe n • [Sp-pronc for Fr frappé stirred, beaten up]
froufrou adj • [Fr “a rustle, swishing sound”]
galette n • [Fr “(sea) biscuit”; DCan 1843➝]
gallery n • [Fr galerie;..US distrib suggests reinforcement from LaFr] (MAP)
garde-soleil n 2 • [Fr garde guard against + soleil sun]
gaufre n • [Either directly from Fr gaufre waffle, or through Engl dial (cf..EDD gaufer)]
get down v phr 1 • [Prob reinforced in some areas by Fr descendre..]
glissant n • [Fr “sliding, slippery”]
goujon n • [Fr “gudgeon”]
gourde n • [LaFr < Fr (piastre) gourde < Span gordo fat]
grenouille n • [Fr]
grillade n • Fr settlement areas, esp LA
grisette n • [Fr < gris gray]
gris-gris n • [Fr creole, ult of Afr orig]
gros-bec n • [Fr “thick beak”]
gumbo zab n • [Appar Creole Fr pronc-sp for gombo des herbes]
habitant n • [Fr “inhabitant, settler”..]
hair n B1 • [..US use prob reflects infl of Ger, Fr..]
heron blanc n • [Fr “white heron”]
hivernant n • [Fr hivernant winter visitor]
hogo n1 • [Engl, IrEngl dial < Fr haut gôut..]
inconnu n • [Fr, literally “unknown”..]
islet n 2 • [Fr îlet little island, block of buildings]
jalousie n • [Fr jalousie jealousy, fig: a blind or shutter that ensures privacy..]
kazeetch kazotch adj phr • [Cf Fr comme ci comme ça]
keskydee n • [Var of Fr Qu’est-ce qu’il dit?..]
la grippe n • [Fr “the grippe”]
larb n • [Perh < Fr l’herbe]
latanier n • [Fr latanier, ult of Carib origin]
laury mundy n • [Varr of LaFr laurier (a)mande..< Fr laurier-amandier..]
levee n1 • [Fr levée]
long chair n • [..cf also OEDS long chair (at long a.1 18) a chaise longue < Fr, literally “long chair”]
lost bread n • [Calque of Fr pain perdu]
loup-garou n • [Fr]
lucivee n • [Pronc-spp for Fr loup-cervier..]
lush n • [CanFr loche < Fr loche loach]
mais conj • [Fr “but”]
make v1 C18 • [Calque of Fr faire]
manglier n • [Fr “mangrove”]
marais n • [Fr]
Mardi Gras n • [Fr, literally “fat Tuesday”]
maringouin n • [Fr < Tupi–Guarani marigoui mosquito]
me pron 5 • [Calque of Fr constr]
Melungeon n • [Perh based on Fr mélange mixture, crossing of races]
mémère n • Fr settlement areas, esp sLA
metis n • [Fr métis mongrel, half-breed..]
minnie n3 • [Fr minet kitten]
mirliton n • [LaFr mirliton, merliton < Fr mirliton kazoo, shako]
morel n1 • [..but in Louisiana perh an independent borrowing from Fr morille]
motte n • [Prob ult Fr motte..] (MAP)
mucket n2 • [Cf Fr moquette a decoy bird]
mush v2 • [Var of Fr imperative Marche..]
nigger n1 • [nigger < earlier neger < Fr nègre < Span, Port negro..]
outarde n • [LaFr < Fr outarde bustard]
paille-en-queue n • [..(in std Fr applied to the tropic bird)]
pain perdu n • [LaFr < Fr dial pain perdu lost bread]
parrain n • [Fr]
pass v 3 • [Calque of Fr passer]
pêche prêtre n • [Fr..literally “priest-fish”..]
pépère n • Fr settlement areas
philopena n • [..cf Fr, Du philippine..]
picayune n • [Fr picaillon old copper coin]
pieu n • [Fr pieu, pl pieux stake, post]
pigeonnier n • [Fr]
pig’s ear n 2 • [Cf Fr oreille de cochon..]
pilau n1 • [..The US forms..from Fr..] (MAP)
pique bois n • [LAFr < Fr pic “woodpecker”]
pirogue n • [Fr < Span piragua, of Cariban origin] (MAP)
piss-a-bed n 1 • [..cf Fr pissenlit..]
pissenlit n • [Fr..]
plongeur n • [Fr “diver, diving bird”]
ploye n • [Canadian (esp Acadian) Fr]
pock v • [LaFr..< Fr..Pâques ]
poddishaw n • [Pronc-sp for Fr patte-de-chat cat’s paw..]
polly-boo n2 • [..alter of Fr parlez vous..]
pomette bleue n • [Fr pommette bleue, literally “little blue apple”]
pomme blanche n • [Fr, literally “white apple”..]
pomme de prairie n • [Fr, literally “prairie apple”..]
pomme de terre n • [Fr, literally “ground apple”..]
poontang n • [Prob < Fr putain a prostitute]
pope’s cap n • [Cf Fr bonnet d’évêque..]
po-po n • [Fr pot (de chambre)]
porkepick n • [Fr porc-épic..]
portemonnaie n • [Fr portemonnaie, literally “carry money”]
pot chamber n • [Prob for Fr pot de chambre]
poule d’eau n • [Fr, literally “water hen”]
pump n1 • [..cf Fr pampe blade, leaf (of corn)..]
quinine n • [Orig Quechua, via Span quinina or Fr quinine]
rabais shop n • [Fr rabais discount, reduced price]
ramps n2 • [Var of rams < Ger Rams, Ramsch; cf rounce, prob < Fr rams in same sense]
roder v • [Fr roder]
rusty adj2 • [..var of resty < Fr resté ..]
sarcelle n • [Fr “teal”]
sashay v • [By metath from Fr chassé]
senellier n • [LaFr cenellier < Fr cenelle hawthorn berry]
senna n1 • [seeny..(> Fr séné)..]
shivaree n • [By dissim from Fr charivari..]
swan potato n • [..prob by way of Fr pomme de cygne;..]
tiff n • [Prob < Fr tuf [tʏf] travertine]
tignon n • [LaFr < Fr chignon]
tombouille n • [LaFr, Fr tambouille stew]
tonton n • [Fr]
tooth mouse n • [Fr la petite souris, literally ``the little mouse'']
toro n • [..perh in New England and Louisiana also Fr taureau, bull]
traineau n • [Fr traîneau]
tuque n • [CanFr tuque < Fr toque;..DCan 1882 ➝]
turner n1 • [Ger ``gymnast'' < turnen to do gymnastics < Fr tourner]
twilight n 1 • [Joc var of Fr pronc of toilet]
vamoose v • [vamos; for analogous exx of the shift from [o] to [u] in Fr.. loans, cf..pull-doo (at poule d'eau)]
vavite n • [CanFr and LaFr < Fr va vite goes fast]
veillée n • [LaFr < Fr veillée a vigil; a staying up late]
veiller v • [LaFr < Fr veiller to sit up, keep awake]
vent carême n • [Fr vent de carême]
vire-vire n • [LaFr < Fr virer to turn]
white liver n • [..cf Fr foie blanc, Ital fegato bianco, Ger weisse Leber..]
zel pointu n • [LaFr zaile (< Fr les ailes wings) + pointu sharp-pointed]
zel rond n • [LaFr zaile (< Fr les ailes wings) + rond round]
zydeco n • [Appar < LaFr zaricot green beans (by metanalysis of Fr les haricots), from..Creole folk songs]
caouane n • [AmFr caouane snapping turtle..]
filé n • [AmFr < Fr filer to twist, spin]
kermis(s) n • [Du kermis, BelgianFr kermesse, Ger Kirmes a fair]
pass v 2 • [In LA, infl by Cajun Fr..]
passez exclam • [Cajun Fr; 1984 Daigle Dict. Cajun Lang...]
trainasse n • [Cajun Fr traînasse]
babiche n • [CanFr..]
barbudi n • [CanFr barbote from Turkish barbut]
berlot n • [CanFr]
booshway n • [Alter of CanFr bourgeois..head voyageur]
booya n • [CanFr < Fr bouillon broth, soup..]
bushwa n2, exclam • [..perh also infl by CanFr bois de vache buffalo dung, or bois de cheval horse dung]
cahot n • [CanFr cahot]
Canuck n • [Perh from CanFr canaque..]
carcajou n • [CanFr]
chuke n1 • [Alter of CanFr tuque]
cisco n • [Abbr for CanFr ciscoette]
crappie n • [Prob CanFr crapais, crapet sunfish]
duck oats n • [Cf CanFr folle avoine wild oats, Zizania aquatica]
lush n • [CanFr loche < Fr loche loach]
mal de raquette n • [CanFr, literally “snowshoe sickness”..]
pembina n • [CanFr pimbina < Cree nipiminân..]
ploye n • [Canadian (esp Acadian) Fr]
Siwash n • [Chinook Jargon < CanFr sauvage an American Indian]
sugary n • [DCan 1832 ➝; transl of CanFr sucrerie]
traverse n • [Derivation from CanFr travois or travail..is unsatisfactory both phonetically and semantically..]
travoy n • [CanFr in ref to a vehicle..used esp by the Plains Indians;..var of travail..]
tuque n • [CanFr tuque < Fr toque;..DCan 1882 ➝]
vavite n • [CanFr and LaFr < Fr va vite goes fast]
wawaron n • [LaFr ouaouaron < CanFr]
bar n3 • [LaFr boire mosquito net, rel to Fr barre cross-bar]
bayou n • [LaFr from Choctaw bayuk creek, river]
boucan n • [LaFr..]
chaland n • [LaFr < Fr chaland, chalan..]
chenier n • [LaFr < Fr chêne oak]
chock n1 • [LaFr]
creole adj • [LaFr..]
dos gris n • [LaFr “gray back”]
esquif n • [LaFr]
gallery n • [Fr galerie;..US distrib suggests reinforcement from LaFr] (MAP)
garde-soleil n • [LaFr]
gaspergou n • [LaFr casseburgau..]
gogo n • [LaFr]
gourde n • [LaFr < Fr (piastre) gourde < Span gordo fat]
grande écaille n • [LaFr “big scale”]
grasset n • [LaFr “fatty”]
graton n • [LaFr..]
griffe n • [LaFr < AmSpan grifo the offspring of a White and a Black < Span grifo, of hair: kinky]
gumbo n • [LaFr, of African origin..]
jambalaya n • [LaFr]
joritte n • [Prob LaFr varr of joree n 1]
king eveque n • [..LaFr évêque]
laury mundy n • [Varr of LaFr laurier (a)mande..< Fr laurier-amandier..]
mangeur maringouin n • [LaFr “mosquito-eater”]
mangeur poulette n • [LaFr “chicken-eater”]
maque chou(x) n • [LaFr; perh of AmInd origin]
mirliton n • [LaFr mirliton, merliton < Fr mirliton kazoo, shako]
nenaine n • [LaFr]
nuncle n • [..the resps of the Louisiana DARE Infs may instead be from LaFr noncle.]
outarde n • [LaFr < Fr outarde bustard]
paille-en-queue n • [LaFr.. literally..straw-in-[its-]tail..]
paille fine n • [LaFr..literally..fine straw..]
pain perdu n • [LaFr < Fr dial pain perdu lost bread]
palette n • [LaFr]
pape n • [LaFr pape, literally “pope”..]
pied jaune n • [LaFr, literally “yellow-foot”]
pique bois n • [LAFr < Fr pic “woodpecker”]
pistolet n • [Appar LaFr..]
pock v • [LaFr pâquer < Fr..]
poplaree n • [LaFr pape fleuri, literally “flowered pope”..]
poule de marais n • [LaFr, literally “marsh hen”]
racacha n • [LaFr < AmSpan..< Quechua..]
sacalait n • [LaFr, by folk-etym..from Choctaw sakli..]
sac-a-plomb n • [LaFr..]
save v B2 • [Calque of LaFr sauver..]
say-so n • [LaFr say-so (de crème)...]
senellier n • [LaFr cenellier < Fr cenelle hawthorn berry]
shivaree n A • now esp freq among LaFr speakers
tasso n • [LaFr tasso..prob from Span tasajo dried salt meat]
tignon n • [LaFr < Fr chignon]
tombouille n • [LaFr, Fr tambouille stew]
vavite n • [CanFr and LaFr < Fr va vite goes fast]
veillée n • [LaFr < Fr veillée a vigil; a staying up late]
veiller v • [LaFr < Fr veiller to sit up, keep awake]
vire-vire n • [LaFr < Fr virer to turn]
voodoo n • [LaFr voudou of wAfr origin; cf Ewe, Fon vodu spirit, demon]
wawaron n • [LaFr ouaouaron < CanFr]
wildcat grass n • [Appar calque of LaFr paille (à) chat-tigre]
zel pointu n • [LaFr zaile (< Fr les ailes wings) + pointu sharp-pointed]
zel rond n • [LaFr zaile (< Fr les ailes wings) + rond round]
zydeco n • [Appar < LaFr zaricot green beans (by metanalysis of Fr les haricots), from..Creole folk songs]
bitcher v • [bitch .. + -er frequentative..]
boomble v • [Frequentative of boom]
daubler n • [Frequentative var of dauber]
doodle n1 • [..prob by convergence of several words, with echoic and frequentative elements..]
-er affix 2 • [Perh from frequentative -er..]
huggle-de-buck v • [Cf huck v + -le frequentative]
mellow v • [Prob EDD mell v.1..+ -er frequentative..]
mushle v • [mush + frequentative -le..]
noodle v1 • [..cf Scots, nEngl dial guddle, and similar frequentative forms canoodle, doodle, grabble]
pelter v • [..frequentative of pelt; cf EDD pelter v. 1]
pickety adj • [Prob frequentative of picky..]
pindle v • [Prob ult < pine + -le frequentative suffix..]
puggle v • [Frequentative of pug..]
rockle v • [Frequentative of rock]
scoffle v • [scoff + frequentative - le]
stromple v • [Prob stromp v + frequentative -le]
cobb n2 • [..cf Du kobbe, kob, E Fris kobb(e)]
mojo n • [..cf..Fula moco’o medicine man]
G
brogan n • [Dimin form of Gael brōg shoe]
colcannon n • [IrGael cāl ceannon white-headed cabbage]
cowhanded adj • [cow alter of car left-handed, awkward; from Gael and Ir cearr..]
donsie adj • [..prob from Scots Gael donas evil, harm,..with infl from obs daunch fastidious, squeamish, dunce,..]
dudeen n • [IrGael dūidīn, dimin of dūd pipe]
dull n, v2 • [Cf EDD dull sb. “Irel. A horse-hair noose or snare for catching trout” < IrGael dol, dul a loop, snare]
gob n2 • [..prob ult of Gael orig]
hog age n • [Cf Scots-Gael òg a young man]
killick n • [Appar of Gaelic origin..]
sheeny n1 • [..perh from Gael síonnaí fox-like, clever]
smather v • [Ir dial < IrGael smeadar to smear, daub]
striffen n • [Scots, nIr dial; prob < Scots Gael streafon, streabhon..]
sugan n • [Ir, Scots Engl suggan (< Ir, Scots Gael súgán)...]
acknowledge n • SC, GA coasts
acquaintun ppl adj • SC, GA coasts
all two adj, pron, conj • S Atl, esp SC, GA coasts
and thing conj phr • sSC, GA coast
answer n • seSC, nGA coast
aw adv • sSC, GA coast
bactize v • SC, GA coasts
basket name n • sSC, GA coast
bay n3 2 • S Atl, esp seGA, neFL
bonnet walker n • esp FL, GA
broadus n • SC, GA coast
Brunswick stew n • chiefly Sth, esp VA, NC, GA (MAP)
buckra n • chiefly coastal SC and GA
bull ant n • chiefly FL, GA
burk v, n • esp GA
catch dog n • esp FL, GA
conflutement n • ?chiefly GA
cooter n (pronc) • coastal SC and GA
crack one’s teeth v phr • SC, GA coasts
dead v 2 • SC, GA coasts
deer owl n • GA, FL
dingnation n • esp GA
dry drought n • chiefly GA, SC, Gulf States
ear n1 (pronc) • SC, GA
egg bread n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp GA (MAP)
enty interrog exclam • chiefly SC, GA coasts
fanner n 1 • chiefly GA, SC
fatwood n • chiefly FL, GA
flinthead n 1 • esp FL, GA
go-fetch-it n • esp GA
gopher n1 1a • esp FL, GA (MAP)
gopher grass n • esp GA
grand n • chiefly SC, GA
grape basket n • esp FL, GA
grease n (pronc) • esp coastal SC, GA, FL
guano n (pronc) • chiefly GA, SC
guinea squat n • esp AL, FL, GA
gun-barrel house n • esp GA
half-rubber n • GA, SC
hard-backed cooter n • sGA, nFL
hardhead n 6c • Okefenokee GA
head n B9 • chiefly FL, GA
hen and biddies n • GA
herman thrasher n • GA
hog crawl n • SC, GA
hopping John n 1 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC, GA (MAP)
hornback n, v • FL, GA
house n B2 • Okefenokee GA
hull n B2a(7) • chiefly S Atl, esp GA
hurrah bush n • S Atl, esp GA
Indian pullet n • chiefly FL, GA, SC
ironhead n 2 • FL, GA, esp Okefenokee GA
joggling board n • chiefly SC, GA
jook n 3 • esp FL, GA
ki intj • esp sSC, GA coast
K oil n • FL, sGA
Lane cake n • Sth, esp AL, GA
lie out v phr 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians, GA, SC (MAP)
little adj, n, v • sSC, GA coasts
liver mush n • NC, SC, GA, TN
locus preacher n • SC, GA
loggerhead n 10 • esp GA
Louisiana pink worm n • chiefly GA
magofer n • esp GA
make v1 D11 • esp GA, NC
mamma n1 2 • GA, SC
me adj a • sSC, GA coasts
mellow bug n • esp GA, AL
muck n1 1b • esp FL, GA
mull n2 • esp GA
nest onion n • chiefly Sth, esp GA
no-manners adj • sSC, GA coasts
null n, v1 • esp GA
out v C3 • chiefly eSC, eGA (MAP)
owl, poor as an adj phr • GA
packhouse n • esp GA, NC, eSC, VA (MAP)
palement n • GA, SC
pale road n • GA
pave n 2 • chiefly Gulf States, GA
pave road n • chiefly Gulf States, GA
peruse v • Sth, esp SC, GA
Peter’s mudhole n • GA, nFL
pilau n1 • chiefly SC, GA, FL (MAP)
pinto n2 • chiefly SC, GA
plume bird n • FL, GA
pond gannet n • esp FL, GA
pond scoggin n • esp GA
pond worm n • esp GA
pontop prep • SC, GA coasts
poor Job n • GA
poor joe n2 2 • chiefly GA, SC
potato n A4 (pronc) • esp SC, GA
prairie n B1 • chiefly GA, FL
praise house n • SC, GA
preacher n 3 • GA
pullet bone n • esp AL, GA
red n B4 • esp GA
ricebird n 4 • chiefly Gulf States, GA (MAP)
run n 1b • esp seGA, FL
runner n 8 • esp GA
rusty lizard n • AL, AR, GA, LA, TX
salt n 1 • esp SC, GA coasts
sandhiller n 1 • Sth, esp GA, SC
scaper n • esp FL, GA
Scuffletonian n • esp GA
scuppernong n • chiefly SE, esp SC, GA (MAP)
seeny n1 • GA
Seminole rattler n • seGA
shad fly n • chiefly NEast; also Missip Valley, GA (MAP)
she-she talk n • sSC, GA coasts
shout n 1 • Sth, esp sSC, GA coasts
shout v 2 • chiefly sSC, GA coasts
slipstone n • GA, SC
slop worm n • esp GA, AL
squirrel v 1 • esp GA
stag bass n • chiefly ceGA
strand n1 • FL, sGA
stretch worm n • GA, Gulf States
stumpknocker n 1 • esp FL, GA
stump liquor n • Sth, S Midl, esp GA
sun trout n 2 • esp GA
swamp worm n • GA
swonger adj • seSC, eGA
syrup candy n • chiefly Gulf States, GA, SC (MAP)
tabby n • SE, esp GA, SC
table tapper n • esp GA, SC, eNC
task n • GA, SC
they exclam • esp NC, GA
thrash n2 • esp GA
thrift n 2 • esp NC, GA
thunderwood n 1 • Sth, esp GA (MAP)
tickbird n 1 • chiefly AL, GA
toad n 7 • SC, GA coasts
toad-frog stool n • esp Gulf States, GA
tobacco dove n • esp FL, GA
trembling earth n • GA
turner n2 • chiefly Inland Sth, GA
twistification n • sAppalachians, GA, AL
urp v1 • scattered, but chiefly Missip Valley, GA, SW (MAP)
we pron • chiefly SC, GA coasts
we adj • SC, GA coasts
weather house n • SC, GA, AL
weeky-day n • chiefly SE, esp GA
where adv, conj, pron A3 (pronc) • sSC, GA coast
white bacon n • chiefly FL, GA (MAP)
white shirt n • FL, GA, SC
woodpecker-lark n • chiefly Mid Atl, GA
yard child n 1 • SC, GA
yellowbelly cooter n • chiefly SC, GA (MAP)
yonder adv B2 • esp Gulf States, AR, GA
zoon v 1 • esp GA
zoon v 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp GA
hardhead n 6c • Okefenokee GA
house n B2 • Okefenokee GA
ironhead n 2 • FL, GA, esp Okefenokee GA
neverwet n • esp Okefenokee GA
scuffle v • Okefenokee GA
German (See also German, Pennsylvania; German, Swiss)
aber nit adv phr • [Ger aber nicht]
ach (ja) adv, intj • Ger settlement areas
ach ja n • [Ger, lit “oh yes!”..]
ainna interrog exclam • chiefly German settlement areas
ain’t v2 • PaGer and other Ger settlement areas
all adj2 • [PaGer all from Ger alle all gone] (MAP)
all two adj, pron, conj • [..in Nth, examples from speakers of Ger background are prob calques of alle beide..]
already adv B1 • chiefly sePA and other Ger settlement areas
already adv B2 • chiefly in Jewish and Ger settlement areas
alter n • [Ger Alte old man]
alter kocker n • [Yidd, ult from Ger alter old + kocker excrement]
ausgespielt adj • [Past pple of Ger ausspielen to play out, play to the end]
axt n • [ax + excr t, perh infl by Ger Axt ax]
bakery n 2 • chiefly Ger settlement areas
bakont ppl adj • [Ger bekannt known]
bald adv • [Ger bald almost, nearly]
bar-geist n • [Cf..Ger Berggeist gnome]
bas ufft v phr • [Ger aufpassen..to pay attention, watch out]
batselboom n • [..Ger Purzelbaum]
bauchgot n • [PaGer, Ger bauchgurt]
be v B2a(3) • [..Ger Ich bin]
Bear Day n • borrowing from Ger folklore
beddle v • [Ger betteln, Bettler]
bee v • chiefly Ger settlement areas, esp PA
beef on weck n • [Abbr for Ger Kümmelweck caraway roll]
behinten n • [Ger Hintern buttocks..]
beisich adj • [Ger beissig biting, pungent]
Belsnickel n • Ger settlement areas
belsnickeling pres pple, vbl n • Ger settlement areas, esp PA
Berliner n • [Ger Berliner of Berlin + Pfannkuchen pancake]
Berliner kranzer n • Ger, Scan settlement areas
bespritzed adj • [Ger bespritzen to squirt at, spray]
bindle n • [..perh from Ger Bündel..]
blitz adj • chiefly in Ger settlement areas
blixen n • [..from Ger Blitz lightning, blitzen to lighten, flash]
blizzard n • [..prob related to Ger blitzen to flash;..perh also to blasen to blow]
bloom-sock n • [From Ger Plumpsack a twisted kerchief; a clumsy fellow]
blossom n 2 • chiefly Inland Nth, esp in Ger settlement areas
bock n3 • [Prob from Ger bock he-goat]
bock beer n • [Ger bockbier]
borrow v B1 • [Cf Ger borgen to borrow, lend] (MAP)
boy lice n • [Transl of Ger Bube boy..]
bratwurst n • Ger settlement areas, esp WI
brauche n, v • [Ger Brauch custom, habit, practice]
braunschweiger n • chiefly in Ger settlement areas
bree n • [..cf Ger brei pap, porridge..]
brennessel n • Ger settlement areas
brother n A5 • Ger settlement areas
brutz n • [Ger brüten to brood over]
bubby n1 • [..Cf Ger bübbi teat]
bube n • Ger settlement areas in PA, IL
bufflehead n 1 • [..cf Ger Büffelkopf]
butsel n • [From Ger Bürzel rump]
by prep 1 • [..Ger bei]
byo n1 • [Prob Ger dial..]
cat and mouse n 1 • [Ger Katz und Maus tic-tack-toe] (MAP)
cat in a bag n • [Ger die Katze im Sack kaufen “to buy the cat in the sack”]
Christkindle v • Ger settlement areas
cluck adj • [..Ger gluckhenne broody hen..]
cluck n • [..from Ger glucke, klucke (PaGer gluuk) broody hen..]
cluck v • [..from Ger glucken, klucken..]
coffee sister n • [Ger Kaffee Schwester a lover of coffee]
cook v 1 • chiefly Nth, esp in Ger and Scan settlement areas
cook cheese n • Ger settlement areas
coop n6 • [Prob alter of Ger kopf]
crab n 1 • [Cf Ger Flusskrebs] (MAP)
crammer n • [..prob infl by Ger Kramkammer cubbyhole]
crawm n • [..also cognate Ger kram rubbish]
cribben n pl • [Ger Grieben leavings of rendered fat]
danke schoen exclam • [Ger] (MAP)
dapp v • [PaGer dappe (Ger tappen)]
dare v B • [By identification with PaGer daerfe (Ger dürfen, 1st and 3rd sg darf)..]
deck sheaf n • [deck < Ger decken to cover]
deichsel n • Ger settlement areas
deuce, the n • [..prob ult from Ger Daus]
Deutscher n • Ger settlement areas
doppel n • [Cf Ger Tölpel]
doppich adj • [Cf Ger täppisch]
dreck n • urban, chiefly in Jewish and German settlement areas
dreidel n • [Yiddish dreidl < Ger drehen to turn]
drumlin n • [..cf drum percussion instrument and Ger trommeln to beat a drum, make a loud noise]
dummkopf n • [Ger Dummkopf, Du domkop]
dunkel dun adj • [Prob Ger dunkel dark, dim, murky]
Dunker n • [PaGer dunke, Ger dunken, tunken to dip]
egg picking vbl n • [Cf Ger Eierpicken]
elbedritsch n • [PaGer, from Ger Elbe(n)trisch..]
eppes pron, n, adj, adv • [Cogn with Ger etwas..]
esel n • [Ger Esel ass, donkey]
fall downstairs v phr • [Ger die Treppe herunterfallen have one’s hair cut..]
fastnacht n • [PaGer fasnacht < Ger Fastnacht fast night (Shrove Tuesday)]
feather n B1 • [Cf Ger Feder]
fence mouse n • esp in Ger settlement areas
ferdarva adj • [PaGer verdarwe spoiled < Ger verdorben past pple of verderben]
ferdutzt adj • [PaGer, Ger verdutzt past pple of verdutzen to bewilder, startle]
ferhex v • [Ger verhexen to bewitch]
ferhoodle v • [PaGer < Ger verhudeln to spoil by lack of care]
ferhoonse v • [PaGer < Ger verhunzen to spoil, botch, bungle]
ferreck v • [Ger verrecken]
ferricked adj • [Ger verrückt]
ferschimmelt adj • [PaGer < Ger verschimmelt moldy]
ferschnapp oneself v phr • [PaGer < Ger verschnappen to make a slip of the tongue]
fersteh v • Ger settlement areas
fest n • [Ger “festival, holiday”]
fettiglich n • [Prob Ger fettig fatty, greasy + redund lich -ly]
finger cap n • [Cf Ger Fingerhut]
first adv C1 • [Cf Ger erst]
first breakfast n • [Perh calque < Ger erstes Frühstück..]
flaus n • [Ger “fleece, tuft”]
flea n • [Cf Ger Flöhe tiddledy winks (literally “fleas”)]
flittervish n • [Cf Ger dial Flittermaus, Fledawisch a bat]
fogle n • [Perh Ger Vogel bird; but cf Engl dial fugle to whistle]
for prep C2 • [Transl of Ger ethical dative]
forby adj • [Ger vorbei past, gone]
frankfurt n • [Abbrs for frankfurter, frankforter < Ger Frankfurter of Frankfurt] (MAP)
frau n • [Ger] (MAP)
freindschaft n • [PaGer var of Ger Freundschaft friendship]
fress v • [Ger fressen to devour greedily (usu used of animals)]
fresser n • [Ger Fresser glutton; cf fress]
Fritz n • [Ger nickname for Friedrich]
futsch adj • [Ger futsch ruined, done for]
futz v • [..cf Ger furzen to fart..]
fuzzle n3 • [Ger Fussel fluff, fuzz, piece of lint..]
gashel n • [PaGer Geeschel, Gayschel < Ger Geissel]
geik n • [Ger Geige violin, fiddle]
gelle interrog exclam • [Ger dial gelle Isn’t that so?]
gesundheit intj • [Ger, literally “health”] (MAP)
get awake v phr • [Cf Ger wach werden to wake up, to become, get awake] (MAP)
give v B1 • calque of Ger geben to give
give v B1a • [Cf Ger es gibt]
give v B1b • [Cf Ger dial ade geben to say good-bye]
glick v • [Perh Ger glücken to prosper..]
go out v phr 1 • [..perh reinforced by Ger geht aus]
greissel v • [PaGer; cf Ger Es gruselt mir it gives me the creeps]
greisslich adj • [PaGer; cf Ger gruselig creepy, gruesome; grässlich horrible, frightful]
grindle n1 • [Transf from Ger Gründel a fish such as Gobius niger] (MAP)
ground n 2 • [..cf also Ger Grund ground, soil]
gum band n • [Ger Gummiband] (MAP)
gummy adj • [Cf Ger Gummi rubber]
hair n B1 • [..US use prob reflects infl of Ger, Fr..]
hair n B2 • chiefly German settlement areas, esp PaGer
half n B1a • prob formerly more widespread, now esp in Ger settlement areas
halt’s maul v phr • [Ger]
hambleman n • [Ger Hampelmann a puppet on a string; by ext, an awkward person]
hand cheese n • chiefly German settlement areas, esp WI
handkäse n • [Ger]
handle v2 • [Ger handeln to dicker or haggle]
hand shoe n • [Prob Ger Handschuh glove]
hanswurst n • [Ger “buffoon, clown,” lit “Jack Sausage,” the name of a stock comic character]
harsh n • [Ger Hirsch]
hausfrau n • [Ger]
have v1 C • German settlement areas
have v1 D3b • [Infl by Ger haben]
headcloth n • esp Sth; also Ger settlement areas
hen stable n • [Cf Ger Hühnerstall hen house]
heraus mit ’em exclam • [Ger heraus..mit away with.. +.. ihm, ihnen..understood as ’im him, or ’em them]
hex n 1 • [PaGer < Ger Hexe a witch]
hex v • [PaGer hexe, Ger hexen]
hexerei n • [Ger]
hickle v • [PaGer < Ger dial hikele]
hinster n • [..Ger hinderst hindmost]
homebringen n • [Ger Heimbringen..]
hoodle v • [PaGer < Ger hudeln]
hook-and-eye adj • Ger settlement areas
hooker n1 1 • Ger settlement areas
hoopsisaw intj, n • [Cf Ger hopsassa!..]
hoosh exclam • [..Ger husch..]
house blessing n • [Calque of Ger Haussegen wall text]
hund n • [Ger]
hutzel n • [Ger]
jellybread n • [By analogy with Ger Butterbrot bread and butter]
joe buckety geiss n • [Cf..Ger Geiss goat]
June bug n • [..cf Ger Maikäfer “May chafer” for cockchafer..]
kaput adj • [Ger kaputt..]
katzenjammer n • [Ger]
keekling n • [Cf Ger Küchlein..]
kermis(s) n • [Du kermis, BelgianFr kermesse, Ger Kirmes a fair]
Kilby n • [SwissGer..dial varr of Ger Kirchweih]
kimmelweck n • [Ger Kümmel caraway + Weck roll]
kinick n • [Prob <..Ger Knicker..]
kitsie n • [Cf Ger Kitz..]
klatch n • [Ger Klatsch gossip] (MAP)
klop door n • [Ger Klapptür ..]
klutz n • [Yiddish, cognate with Ger Klotz..]
knackwurst n • esp in Ger and Jewish settlement areas
knawel n • [..< Ger Knäuel, literally “knot, tangle”]
kneffli n • Ger settlement areas
knip n • [..< Ger knipsen, dial knippen to snip]
kotz v • Ger and PaGer settlement areas
kram n • [Ger kram rubbish, junk..]
kram v • [Ger kramen..]
krapfen n • Ger settlement areas
kraut n • [Ger Kraut]
krebbel n • [Ger dial Kräppel, dimin of Krapfen] (MAP)
krex v • esp in Ger, PaGer, and Jewish settlement areas
kringle n • [..cognate terms are found in all Scan languages and Ger..]
Kris(s) Kringle n • [Ger Christkindlein]
kuchen n • Ger settlement areas, esp N Cent, PA (MAP)
land rain n • [Calque of Ger Landregen (PaGer landrejje, landregge) a steady rain]
lattwaerrick n • [PaGer < Ger Latwerge electuary]
laugh n B2 • [Cf PaGer lache to laugh, whinny < Ger lachen to laugh]
leave v B1 • [..some quots are doubtless infl by Ger use]
leaven v • [leave, prob infl by Ger lassen to let, leave]
leave out v phr 2 • chiefly Ger settlement areas, esp PA
lebkuchen n • esp in Ger settlement areas
let v C • chiefly Ger settlement areas, esp sePA
little n C2 • Ger settlement areas, esp PA, WI
liver sausage n • [Calque of Ger leberwurst] (MAP)
liverwurst n • [Partial calque of Ger Leberwurst] (MAP)
loan v B • chiefly Ger settlement areas
lock open v phr • [Calque of PaGer uffschliesse, Ger aufschliessen]
long already adv phr • Ger settlement areas
long finger n 2 • [Cf Ger lange Finger machen (or haben), Du lange vingers hebben..]
long-fingered adj • [..Ger langfingerig thievish] (MAP)
longsome adj • [Prob calque of Ger langsam slow..]
look a little out v phr • [Infl by Ger pass ein bisschen auf..]
lorchel n • [Ger Lorchel]
Lute n2 • [Abbr for Lutheran, infl by Ger and Scan pronc]
macht nichts phr • [Ger]
make v1 D32 • Ger settlement areas
make on v phr 3 • esp in Ger settlement areas
make out v phr 3 • chiefly Ger settlement areas
make out v phr 6 • [Calque of Ger ausmachen]
mauger adj • [..Dan, Du, Ger, Norw, Sw mager..]
merkel n2 • [Prob < Ger morchel (PaGer marrichel)..]
mettwurst n • [Ger mettwurst, Du metworst..]
metzel soup n • [sGer Metzelsuppe sausage soup]
milk flatscher n • [Cf Ger Flatsche..; cf also swGer dial Flatsche..]
mill n1 3 • [..cf also Ger Mühle mill]
misht n • [PaGer mischt < Ger Mist dung, excrement]
mite v • [Ger meiden to shun, avoid]
moneys n pl • [..Cf also Ger Gelder n pl “funds, money”]
muddy n • [Cf Ger Mutti colloq var of Mutter mother]
mushle v • [..cf also Ger muscheln to shuffle (cards)]
mux n2 • [Ger Mucks a slight sound]
needle cushion n 1 • [Cf Ger Nadelkissen pincushion, literally “needle cushion”]
nit adv • [Ger dial nit, var of nichts nothing]
nix adv • [Ger nichts nothing]
nix adv 2 • [Ger nichts kommt heraus nothing will come of this]
noodle v2 • [Ger nudeln to force-feed geese]
nosh v • [Ger naschen to nibble on, Nascher a nibbler..]
not interrog exclam • [Ger nicht (wahr), PaGer net (wor)]
off-fall n2 • [Perh < Ger Abfall defection, apostasy]
oma n • esp in Ger settlement areas
on prep B12a • Ger settlement areas
on prep B12b • [Usu calque of Ger an..]
once adv B • chiefly German settlement areas
ootz v • [Cf Ger uzen to tease, chaff]
opa n • esp in Ger settlement areas
overden n • [PaGer owwerdenn < denn (Ger Tenne) threshing floor]
panhas n • [PaGer..from Ger dial panhaas] (MAP)
paradise apple n • [Cf Ger Paradiesapfel tomato]
peppernut n • esp in Ger settlement areas
pfannkuchen n • chiefly in Ger settlement areas
pfeffernuss n • chiefly in Ger settlement areas
philopena n • [..cf..Ger Vielliebchen, Phillipp(in)chen..]
pig’s ear n 2 • [Cf..Ger Schweinsohr in ref to pastries]
plotz v • [Ger platzen..to burst]
plunder n • [Ger dial Plunder household goods, junk]
Polack n • [..perh immediately from Ger Polack..R] (MAP)
pot eten n • [Du, Ger; literally “pot meal”]
puffer n2 • [Ger Kartoffel-puffer potato fritter]
pump n2 • [Ger auf Pump]
putch n • [..Ger Patsch a slap]
putz n • [Ger putz a decoration]
putz v • [..cf..Ger putzen to clean, decorate] (MAP)
rainworm n 1 • [..prob calque of Ger Regenwurm]
ramps n2 • [Var of rams < Ger Rams, Ramsch..]
reach v1 B3 • [Prob calque of PaGer reeche, Ger reichen..]
reezle n • [Ger Rüssel, PaGer riesel]
rumpelkammer n • [Ger “junk room”]
runza n • [..prob < Ger Ranzen a satchel]
rutch v • chiefly Ger settlement areas, esp PaGer area
-s suff5 • esp in Ger settlement areas
-s suff6 • [Relic of the Ger genitive ending used in certain expressions of time]
saddle horse n • [..Ger Sattelpferd] (MAP)
sand tart n 1 • [Ger Sandtorte, Sandkuchen]
sauerbraten n • [Ger] (MAP)
schaefchen n • [Ger Schäfchen lamb, little sheep]
schafskopf n • [Ger Schafskopf, literally “sheep’s head”] (MAP)
schimmel n • chiefly in Ger settlement areas
schlacht n • [Ger, literally “battle, slaughter”..]
schmoozle v • [Prob < Ger schmusen to cuddle]
schnabel n • [Ger Schnabel beak, bill; mouth]
schnecke n • esp in Ger settlement areas
schneider n • [Ger Schneider tailor..]
schnibble n • chiefly in Ger settlement areas
schnickelfritz n • [Perh < Ger dial Schnickel, Schniggel..+ the common name Fritz]
schnittlauch n • [Ger Schnittlauch]
schnitz n1 • [PaGer snitz .. < sGer dial Schnitz..] (MAP)
schnitzel n • [Ger Schnitzel a bit, a scrap]
schnitzel v • [Ger schnitzeln]
schwartemagen n • [Ger Schwartenmagen brawn..]
second Christmas (Day) n • [Calque of Ger zweiter Weihnachtstag..]
semmel n • esp in Ger settlement areas
sheep buck n • Ger settlement areas
shlook v, n • Ger settlement areas
shoenaher n • [Perh shoe or Ger Schuh + Ger Näher..]
shoespoon n • [Calque of Ger Schuhlöffel]
should v • [..some infl from the use of the cognate verbs in Ger and Scan langs to mean “is said to.”]
shunning n • [Calque of Ger Meidung]
siehst du interrog exclam • [Ger siehst du Do you see?] (MAP)
sixty-six n • esp in Ger settlement areas
skat n • chiefly in Ger settlement areas
slime eel n • [..cf Ger Schleimaal..]
slobberhannes n • [Ger Schlabberhannes messy person or animal]
smear n 1 • [Prob infl by the cognates in other Germanic langs: Ger Schmiere..grease..]
smear n 2 • [Ger schmieren to play a high card on one's partner's trick] (MAP)
smearcase n • [PaGer schmierkaes (Ger schmierkäse), literally ``spread-cheese''] (MAP)
snickerdoodle n • [Varr, perh partly by folk-etym, of Ger (Swabian dial) Schneckennudel..]
snit n • [Ger Schnitt a piece, slice; a small glass of beer]
snollygoster n • [..from an assumed Ger schnelle Geister,..unsupported by any positive evidence.]
snoot, make a v phr • [..may..reflect the equivalent Ger phr eine Schnauze (or Schnute) machen,..]
snouse v • [..Ger dial schnäuzen to stick one's nose into things]
sow and pigs n • [Cf..Ger Sauball for the same game] (MAP)
spanferkel n • in German settlement areas, esp WI
spatzie n • [Ger Spatz(en) sparrow(s)]
speck n2 • chiefly in Ger, esp PaGer, settlement areas
spook n • [Du spook, Ger Spuk]
spritz v • [PaGer spritze < Ger spritzen] (MAP)
stable n 1 • [..primarily a calque of Ger Schweinestall < Stall..]
stand up v phr • Ger settlement areas
sticking full adj phr • [Cf..also Ger stecken voll to be full of]
stick on v phr • [PaGer aaschtecke (Ger anstecken) to kindle]
straw widow n • [Prob calque of Ger Strohwitwe]
strong adj B • [Ger streng strict, severe]
strubbly adj, adv • [PaGer schtruwwlich; cf Ger strubb(e)lig tousled]
suelze n • chiefly Ger settlement areas, esp WI
sweetwood n 2 • [Calque of Ger Süßholz (PaGer siesshols)]
tailor v • [Cf Ger Schneider tailor; player who fails to make a certain score..]
thick milk n • [Prob calque of PaGer dickemilich or Ger Dickmilch,..] (MAP)
throughother adv, adj, n • [..also..from PaGer darrich(e)nanner, Ger durcheinander..]
tie loose v phr • [Calque of Ger losbinden (PaGer losbinne)]
till prep B4 • [Mostly calque of (Pa)Ger bis (prep, conj) till, by (the time that)..]
till conj C2 • [Calque of (Pa)Ger bis..]
to prep B14 • [Prob < Ger jemandem etwas zutrauen to trust someone with something]
to adv C1 • [..cf Ger zumachen to shut, close]
toe n1 1 • [Prob calque of Ger Zeh toe, clove (of garlic)]
toot n2 • [PaGer tutt, dutt, Ger Tüte]
trimble n • [PaGer drummbel (Ger Maultrommel)]
turner n1 • orig in German settlement areas, now widespread
turnverein n • [Ger, literally ``gymnastic society'']
up-sitting n • [Cf Ger aufsitzen, Du opzitten]
vesper n • [Ger dial vesper]
wamus n • [Du.., dial Ger and PaGer wammes (Ger Wams)] (MAP)
wash bear n • [Cf Ger Waschbär]
water smeller n • [Calques of Ger Wasserschmecker, Wasserriecher]
weensy adj • [..cf also Ger winzig tiny]
what for (a) adj phr • [In some areas obviously a calque of Ger was für (ein)..]
white liver n • [..cf Fr foie blanc, Ital fegato bianco, Ger weisse Leber..]
wildfire n • [..here a calque of PaGer wildfeier (Ger Wildfeuer)]
with adv C1 • [In imitation of the adverbial use of Ger mit..]
wolfbean n • [Calque of Ger Wolf(s)bohne..]
yah adv • [Cf Ger, Du, Norw, Sw, Dan ja] (MAP)
yass n • [Swiss, south Ger Jass]
yet adv, conj B4 • esp in Ger settlement areas
man n C1 • [..in US prob reinforced by the parallel use of the cognates in other Germanic languages..]
smear n 1 • [Prob infl by the cognates in other Germanic langs..]
stand v 3 • [Calque of an idiom found in most Germanic languages other than English]
thick milk n • [Prob calque of PaGer dickemilich or Ger Dickmilch, but cf similar compounds in other Germanic langs] (MAP)
want v1 C2 • [Scots, nIr dial, perh reinforced by parallel constrs in other Germanic langs]
with adv C1 • [In imitation of the adverbial use of Ger mit and its cognates in other Germanic languages..]
ain’t v2 • PaGer and other Ger settlement areas
all adj2 • [PaGer all from Ger alle all gone] (MAP)
already adv B1 • [Calque: through PaGer from Ger schon already, yet, so far]
already adv B2 • [Calque: ult from Ger schon as transmitted independently by PaGer schun and Yidd shoyn]
alter n • PaGer
awhile now adv phr • [PaGer alleweil just now]
bake-oven n • [..cf PaGer back offe, bock offe]
bas ufft v phr • [..PaGer uffbasse to pay attention..]
batselboom n • [PaGer bottzelbawm..]
bauch n • [PaGer]
bauchgot n • [PaGer, Ger bauchgurt]
beddle v • PaGer
beisich adj • PaGer
bloom-sock n • PaGer area
blotz v, n • PaGer area
blutz wagon n • PaGer area
boi n • PaGer
bube lice n • [PaGer bube, buwe, dimins bubli, buwli boy]
buckleback n, adv • [PaGer buckel upper back]
bushnipple n • [PaGer buschgnippel clodhopper]
butsel n • PaGer
butterbread n • chiefly PaGer area
cluck n • [Borrowed..from Ger glucke, klucke (PaGer gluuk)..]
crootsed up ppl adj • [Cf PaGer gruunselt wrinkled]
dapp v • [PaGer dappe (Ger tappen)]
dare v B • PaGer area
doppel n • PaGer area
doppich adj • chiefly PaGer area
dress around v phr • PaGer area
dress out v phr • PaGer area
dudelsack n • [PaGer dudelsack]
Dunker n • [PaGer dunke, Ger dunken, tunken to dip]
eat oneself (done) v phr • [Calque from PaGer..]
elbedritsch n • [PaGer, from Ger Elbe(n)trisch..] (MAP)
fastnacht n • [PaGer fasnacht < Ger Fastnacht fast night (Shrove Tuesday)]
fatcake n • chiefly PaGer area
ferdarva adj • PaGer area
ferdutzt adj • PaGer area
ferhex v • esp PaGer area
ferhoodle v • PaGer area
ferhoonse v • chiefly PaGer area
ferricked adj • PaGer area
ferschimmelt adj • [PaGer < Ger verschimmelt moldy]
ferschnapp oneself v phr • [PaGer < Ger verschnappen to make a slip of the tongue]
freindschaft n • PaGer area
fress v • PaGer area and areas of Yiddish infl
fresser n • PaGer area and areas of Yiddish infl
gabootzt adj • [PaGer gebutzt]
gagrish n • [PaGer gegrische, gegreisch yelling]
gashel n • [PaGer Geeschel, Gayschel < Ger Geissel]
geik n • PaGer area
get awake v phr • among PaGer speakers (MAP)
give v B1 • chiefly PaGer area
gounsh v, n • [Cf PaGer gaunsche to swing]
gowl n • [PaGer gaul horse]
greissel v • PaGer area
greisslich adj • PaGer area
ground cellar n • [Cf PaGer Grundkeller ground cellar]
grundniss n • [PaGer]
hair n B2 • chiefly German settlement areas, esp PaGer
hecker n • PaGer area
hex n 1 • esp PaGer area
hex v • [PaGer hexe, Ger hexen] (MAP)
hexerei n • PaGer area
hickle v • [PaGer < Ger dial hikele]
hivvely adj • [PaGer hiwwel, hivvel hill; hiwwlich, hivlich hilly]
hommie n • PaGer area
hommilie n • PaGer area
hoodle v • [PaGer < Ger hudeln..]
hoof exclam C • PaGer area
hootch n2 • PaGer area
huss exclam • [PaGer]
jellybread n • esp PaGer area
keekling n • [Cf..PaGer kichli little cake]
keep v B4 • [Calque of PaGer uf(f)halde]
kitch n • [PaGer kitsch]
knepp n pl • [PaGer gnepp dumplings..] (MAP)
kotz v • Ger and PaGer settlement areas
krex v • esp in Ger, PaGer, and Jewish settlement areas
Kris(s) Kringle n • chiefly PaGer area, but more widely recognized
kuchen n • [..PaGer kuche cake, cookie] (MAP)
land rain n • [Calque of Ger Landregen (PaGer landrejje, landregge) a steady rain]
lattwaerrick n • [PaGer < Ger Latwerge electuary]
laugh n B2 • [Cf PaGer lache to laugh, whinny < Ger lachen to laugh]
little n C2 • [Calque of Ger von klein auf (or an), PaGer vun glee uff]
loan v B • [Cf PaGer lehne, Ger leihen to lend, loan, borrow]
lock open v phr • esp PaGer area
long already adv phr • [PaGer schun lang, Ger schon lange]
look v B6 • [Calque of PaGer..]
make v1 C17 • chiefly PaGer area
make v1 D24 • [Calque of PaGer wacker mache]
make v1 D27 • [Calque of PaGer..]
make down v phr 3 • [Calque of PaGer..]
merkel n2 • [Prob < Ger morchel (PaGer marrichel)..]
milk pie n • PaGer area
misht n • [PaGer mischt < Ger Mist dung, excrement]
moshey n • [PaGer mooschi taffy]
mulligrub n 1 • PaGer area
mullikep n • [PaGer mollekopp, mullikopp]
noach n, v • [Prob < PaGer gnoche bone]
not interrog exclam • [Ger nicht (wahr), PaGer net (wor)]
off n F1 • chiefly PaGer area
ouch v • esp PaGer area
overden n • [PaGer owwerdenn < denn (Ger Tenne) threshing floor]
panhas n • [PaGer pannhas..from Ger dial..] (MAP)
pfeffernuss n • [Ger..; PaGer pefferniss..]
pieceway(s) n • [..in PA perh reinforced by PaGer schtick wegs..]
putz n • chiefly PaGer area
reach v1 B3 • esp PaGer area
reezle n • [Ger Rüssel, PaGer riesel]
rivel n • chiefly PaGer area
rutch v • [Ger rutschen, PaGer rutsche]
rutchie n • [Appar dimin of PaGer rutsch sliding place]
-s suff6 • PaGer area
saddle horse n • [..cf PaGer saddelgaul (rearmost) left hand horse in a team..] (MAP)
salad n B2a • [Engl dial.; PaGer (Gaarde) salaat lettuce]
sand tart n 1 • esp in PaGer settlement areas
say v C • PaGer area
schmutz v • chiefly PaGer area
schnitz n1 • [PaGer snitz ..< sGer dial Schnitz ..] (MAP)
schnitz v • [PaGer schnitze]
schussel n • [PaGer schussel a hasty, flighty person]
schussel v • PaGer area
scrooch v 5 • [Perh infl by PaGer rutsch]
second Christmas (Day) n • [Calque of..PaGer zwette Grischdâk]
shell n1 4 • PaGer area
shippy n • [PaGer shipli, prob infl by sheepy]
slippery dumpling n • PaGer settlement area
smearcase n • [PaGer schmierkaes..literally ``spread-cheese''] (MAP)
snake guarder n • [Calque of PaGer schlangehieter]
snake heeder n • [Partial calque of PaGer schlangehieter, literally ``snake guarder'']
sneaky adj • PaGer area
snoopy adj • [Prob PaGer schnuppich]
snoot, make a v phr • [..may..reflect the equivalent Ger phr eine Schnauze..machen, PaGer en schnut mache]
snouse v • [PaGer schnausse,..to stick one's nose into things]
sots n • [PaGer < MHG saz sediment]
speck n2 • chiefly in Ger, esp PaGer, settlement areas
spritz v • [PaGer spritze < Ger spritzen] (MAP)
stand up v phr • [Calque of..PaGer uffschteh..]
stenner n • [PaGer schtenner]
stick on v phr • PaGer area
still adv 2 • chiefly PaGer areas
stink cheese n • esp PaGer settlement areas
streissler n • PaGer area
strubbly adj, adv • chiefly PaGer area
swoo exclam • scattered, but esp PaGer area, sAppalachians
thick milk n • [Prob calque of PaGer dickemilich or Ger Dickmilch,..] (MAP)
three-foot n • [Calque of PaGer Dreifuss]
throughother adv, adj, n • [..also..from PaGer darrich(e)nanner, Ger durcheinander..]
tie loose v phr • [Calque of Ger losbinden (PaGer losbinne)]
till prep B4 • esp PaGer area
till conj C2 • PaGer area
to prep B5 • PaGer area
toot n2 1 • chiefly PaGer area (MAP)
toward prep B • PaGer area
try v 3 • PaGer area
under through prep phr • PaGer, Du settlement areas
wamus n • [Du.., dial Ger and PaGer wammes..)] (MAP)
want v1 D • [PaGer]
wildfire n • [..here a calque of PaGer wildfeier (Ger Wildfeuer)]
will v B2 • esp PaGer area
wonder v1 1 • esp PaGer area
wonder v1 2 • esp PaGer area
wonderful adv • orig widespread, now esp PaGer area
wunnerfitz n • [PaGer (g)wunnerfitz curiosity, curious person]
wutz(ie) n, exclam • chiefly in PaGer settlement areas (MAP)
year v2 • [Calque of PaGer sich jaehre to have one's birthday anniversary]
yet adv, conj B4 • [Prob calque of Ger (and PaGer) doch]
zitterli n • [PaGer zitterli]
hommilie n • [PaGer hamm(e)li; SwissGer ammeli]
hornet n • Swiss German settlement areas
Kilby n • [SwissGer..dial varr of Ger Kirchweih]
pinochle n • [Swiss Ger Binokel] (MAP)
putch n • [Swiss Ger dial putsch a blow..]
yass n • esp Swiss Ger settlement areas
agate-eye n • chiefly Nth, esp Gt Lakes
alewife n • chiefly C Atl, N Atl, Gt Lakes
all-ee all-ee oxen (all in) free exclam • chiefly West and Gt Lakes, esp CA (MAP)
anti-i-over n, exclam • chiefly wGt Lakes, Upper MW, West (MAP)
apple pickle n • chiefly wGt Lakes
Arctic owl n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
bean hole n • chiefly ME, Gt Lakes
Beelzebub n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes (MAP)
belly-slam n, v • chiefly eGt Lakes
belly-smacker n • chiefly eGt Lakes
berm n 4 • esp Gt Lakes
bismarck n • chiefly Upper MW, wGt Lakes
black ash n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
black frost n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, C and S Atl, CA (MAP)
blat n, v 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP and Map Section)
bloater n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes
blue pike n 1 • esp eGt Lakes
bob v • chiefly Gt Lakes and NEng
borrow v B1 • scattered, but esp wGt Lakes (MAP)
boulder n • esp wGt Lakes, West (MAP)
boulevard n 2 • chiefly wGt Lakes, Gulf States (MAP)
breakwall n • chiefly eGt Lakes
bromegrass n • Nth, esp Upper MW, Gt Lakes
buck euchre n • chiefly Gt Lakes
buckwheat cake n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Appalachians (MAP)
bum v2 • wGt Lakes
bumfoozle v • chiefly wGt Lakes
canaller n 2 • Gt Lakes
cisco n • chiefly Gt Lakes
coaster n3 • chiefly wGt Lakes
cook shanty n • chiefly Gt Lakes
crab n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp Gt Lakes (MAP)
crow duck n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
cyclone cellar n • chiefly wGt Lakes, West (MAP)
dew worm n • chiefly Gt Lakes (MAP)
dirty work at the crossroads n • esp Gt Lakes
dogfish n 2 • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Gt Lakes (MAP)
downfall n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
drive n 6 • Nth, esp NEng, Gt Lakes
eelpout n 2 • chiefly NEng, Gt Lakes
farmer match n • chiefly Upper MW, Gt Lakes, NY, WV (MAP)
fish fly n 2 • chiefly Gt Lakes
five hundred n 2 • esp West, Gt Lakes (MAP)
fix v B7 • scattered, but chiefly Atlantic, Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
four corners n pl 2 • esp Gt Lakes (MAP)
friedcake n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp Gt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
gab n1 • now esp Gt Lakes, Upper MW (MAP)
gaup v 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
gee horse n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Gt Lakes (MAP)
German potato salad n • chiefly Gt Lakes, N Cent, esp WI (MAP)
gizzard fish n 1 • Gt Lakes
gold coast n • scattered, but esp Gt Lakes (MAP)
gorge n1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Appalachians, Gt Lakes, SW (MAP)
goshawk n 1 • now chiefly Gt Lakes, PA (MAP)
grass frog n b • esp Gt Lakes
green corn n 2 • scattered, but esp eNEng, Gt Lakes, sCA (MAP)
hardhead n 7 • chiefly Gt Lakes (MAP and Map Section)
hardware disease n • scattered, but esp Gt Lakes
hepatica n • chiefly NEast, N Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
herring n1 2 • Gt Lakes
herring choker n 2 • esp wGt Lakes
honey rock melon n • esp Gt Lakes
horse stable n • chiefly NEast, C Atl, eGt Lakes (MAP)
Indian cigar n • chiefly Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
jack n1 3 • esp Gt Lakes
June grass n 1c • esp NEast, Gt Lakes
kick v B3 • esp C Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
kielbasa n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp in Polish settlement areas
kiyi n • Gt Lakes
klatch n • scattered, but chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Gt Lakes (MAP)
lake fly n • chiefly Gt Lakes
lake trout n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
lamper eel n 1 • chiefly NEng, Gt Lakes
lift n2 • Gt Lakes
lift v 4 • Gt Lakes
liver sausage n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
lobber v • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp Upstate NY, CT, MI (MAP and Map Section)
long-fingered adj • chiefly Gt Lakes, PA (MAP)
longjaw n • Gt Lakes
lumberjack n • Gt Lakes
Mackinaw trout n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Rocky Mts
maple camp n • esp NEast, Gt Lakes
maple cream n • esp NEast, Gt Lakes
maple wax n • esp NEast, Gt Lakes
marsh hay n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Atlantic (MAP)
marsh rabbit n 2 • chiefly C Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
massasauga n • chiefly Gt Lakes
milch cow n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
*milk cow n • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
mill n1 3 • esp Gt Lakes
moccasin flower n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
mow away v phr • chiefly NEng, NY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
muddler n • chiefly Gt Lakes
muley adj, n2 A3 (pronc) • chiefly Upstate NY, nPA, wGt Lakes (MAP)
muskellunge n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes, OH, PA, Upstate NY (MAP)
*nicker n1, v • widespread exc NEast, Gt Lakes; less freq S Atl (MAP and Map Section)
nigger hair n 3 • esp Gt Lakes
nigh horse n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
night pasture n • scattered, but esp eGt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
nip n2 • esp Gt Lakes
northeaster n • chiefly Atlantic; also Gt Lakes (MAP)
northern pike n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes (MAP)
northwester n • chiefly Atlantic, Gulf States, Gt Lakes (MAP)
Norway pine n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp MI, WI, MN (MAP)
oak opening n • chiefly wGt Lakes, esp WI, MI
owly adj • chiefly Upper MW, Gt Lakes (MAP)
partridge n B2 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
pasty n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Gt Lakes, esp MI (MAP)
pea bean n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
pea soup n 1 • chiefly NEast, nGt Lakes (MAP)
pickerel n 2a • chiefly Gt Lakes, AK
pickerel n 3 • chiefly Gt Lakes
pike n1 2 • chiefly Gt Lakes
pitchfork n 3b • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
pokelogan n • NEng, Gt Lakes, NW
pole barn n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Gt Lakes, Upstate NY, CT, Mid Atl (MAP)
pom-pom-pullaway n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Plains States, Rocky Mts, sCA (MAP)
poop v, n • widespread, but more freq NEng, NY, Gt Lakes, S Atl, West (MAP)
popple n1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, IN (MAP)
pothole n 2 • chiefly wGt Lakes, Upper MW, NW
pound net n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Mid Atl
preacher Jack n • scattered, but more freq NY, PA, wGt Lakes
pug n • chiefly NEng, wGt Lakes, CA (MAP)
putz v • esp wGt Lakes (MAP)
racer n 2a • Gt Lakes
ram v 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
rice hen n • chiefly Gt Lakes
*ridge roll n • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes, Pacific (MAP)
riding plow n • esp Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
*rock fence n • widespread exc NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
root house n • chiefly Nth, esp Gt Lakes, WA (MAP)
*running off (at the bowels) n • widespread exc NEast, C Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
salmon trout n 1b • Gt Lakes, NEast
salmon trout n 1c • orig West; now also Gt Lakes
salt-rising n • scattered, but more freq W Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
sand fly n 2 • Gt Lakes
scrap n • chiefly Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
*see v B3a • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
self-sown adj phr • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
sheepshead n 2 • chiefly Gt Lakes
shepherd’s pie n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp PA (MAP)
shiner n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, Gt Lakes, Gulf States (MAP)
shortjaw cisco n • Gt Lakes
shuck n1 2b • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
skew- pref c • esp Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
skidway n a • chiefly Gt Lakes, NY
skitching vbl n • esp NEast, Gt Lakes
slam n 1 • esp N Cent, Gt Lakes (MAP)
*slop bucket n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
snake room n • esp Gt Lakes
snit n • chiefly wGt Lakes, esp WI
spotted adder n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
spouting n • chiefly PA, OH, Gt Lakes (MAP)
spreader n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
sprinkler n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes, esp MI
stand v 3 • esp Gt Lakes
stook n 1 • chiefly NEng, nNY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
storm house n 1 • Nth, esp Upstate NY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
strawberry bass n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upstate NY
stump fence n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
sugar bush n 1 • chiefly wNEng, Upstate NY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
sugar snow n • esp NEast, Gt Lakes
supper club n • chiefly Gt Lakes, esp WI
swamp cedar n 3 • chiefly Gt Lakes
sweat bee n 1 • chiefly Midl, Gt Lakes, Cent (MAP)
Swede n 3 • esp wGt Lakes
swill v • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
swimmer's itch n • orig Gt Lakes; now more widespread
tag alder n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp Gt Lakes (MAP)
*taw n C1a • widespread exc NEast, Gt Lakes, Upper MW (MAP)
tenner n • chiefly wPA, Gt Lakes
tennie n • scattered, but chiefly wGt Lakes, IA, West exc NW (MAP)
terrace n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
thimbleberry n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, NW, nCA (MAP)
thorn apple n 2 • widespread, but esp Gt Lakes (MAP)
three-step n • chiefly Gt Lakes, NW, CA (MAP)
thunder pumper n 1 • scattered, but esp wGt Lakes, Upper MW
timberdoodle n • chiefly NY, wGt Lakes
*tit-tat-toe n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, Gt Lakes (MAP)
tote sled n • chiefly NEng, Gt Lakes
tote team n • Nth, esp NEng, Gt Lakes
tote wagon n • esp NEng, Gt Lakes
town road n • NEng, Upstate NY, wGt Lakes
transport n • chiefly Missip Valley, West, Gulf States, Gt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
tree lawn n • chiefly Gt Lakes, esp OH
tree tag n • esp Gt Lakes
trim v 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
trout-perch n 2 • esp Gt Lakes
tullibee n • Gt Lakes, esp MN
tush n C1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent, TX; scattered NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
twenty-four-hour bug n • esp Gt Lakes
vessel n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
vetbollen n pl • Upper MW, Gt Lakes in Du settlement areas
wanigan n 1 • chiefly ME, Gt Lakes; also AK
wanigan n 2 • chiefly ME, Gt Lakes
wanigan n 3 • chiefly ME, Gt Lakes
weather bundle n • esp Gt Lakes, N Midl (MAP)
whiffletree n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
whoop n C2 • scattered, but esp S Atl, Gulf States, Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Pacific (MAP)
wiggler n 2a • Gt Lakes
winter chippy n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
winter duck n 2 • esp Gt Lakes
*witching stick n • widespread, but less freq Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
woolly caterpillar n • esp NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
work party n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
work-up n • chiefly west of Missip R, Gt Lakes (MAP)
yellow pike n • chiefly Gt Lakes, esp wNY
yellow poplar n 2 • chiefly Gt Lakes
york v • esp Gt Lakes, PA
youse pron 1 • esp NEast, N Midl, Gt Lakes
hieronymous n • [Perh < Gk hieron osteon sacrum]
hoi polloi n • [Orig Gk “masses, rabble”..]
soothsayer n • [Transl of Gk mantis]
windflower n • [OED2 1551 ➝ as a transl of the Gk anemone]
Gulf States; Gulf
Adam’s housecat n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
aguardiente n • chiefly SW, Gulf States
air, (up) in the adj phr 3 • chiefly Gulf States
alligator snapper n • Gulf States and Missip Valley
*anti-over n, exclam • widespread, but least freq NEast, Gulf States
appaloosa n2 • chiefly Gulf States, AR, OK
baby-pepper n • chiefly Gulf States
backstick n • chiefly sAppalachians, Gulf States (MAP)
barnyard n 2 • ?Gulf States
bateau n B2 • chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
baygall n • Gulf States
bayou n B4 • Gulf States
bec-scie n • Gulf States, esp LA
bellows n, v C • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
bird-eye pepper n • S Atl, Gulf States
bitter pecan n • Gulf States
*bluegill n • widespread, but least freq in Atl and Gulf States
bobbasheely n • esp Gulf States
bobbasheely v • Gulf States
bogue n • chiefly Gulf States
bonnet n B1 • chiefly Gulf States
bots n pl 1 • chiefly S Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
boulevard n 2 • chiefly wGt Lakes, Gulf States (MAP)
buck ague n 1 • chiefly W Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
buck naked adj • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
bullbat n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, SW, scattered S Midl (MAP)
calf-rope, holler v phr • chiefly S Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
camp n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gulf States
camphor weed n 2 • esp Gulf States
camphor weed n 3 • S Atl and Gulf States
carpet grass n 1 • chiefly Gulf States
carrot n 1 • esp Gulf States
cat squirrel n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
cavalla n • S Atl and Gulf coasts
cavally n • S Atl and Gulf coasts
chalk n1 • chiefly Gulf States, scattered W Midl (MAP)
Chinaberry n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
China tree n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
chunk v 2 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
cigarfish n • chiefly Gulf States
clearseed n • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
coachwhip snake n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
coffeeweed n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
come v B4 • chiefly Gulf States
conquer John n • chiefly Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley
cooter n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, esp SC
cooter n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, esp SC (MAP)
corkwood n • chiefly Gulf States
corn bead (seed) n • Gulf States
corn dog n • esp Gulf States, SW
corvina n c • Atl and Gulf coasts
crib n1 1 • chiefly W Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
croker sack n • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
curd n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Gulf States, S Atl, NEast (MAP)
custard apple n 1 • chiefly FL, Gulf coast
delta potato n • Gulf States
doodlebug n 6b • chiefly Gulf States, Cent, N Midl (MAP)
drift fishing n 1 • chiefly Mid Atl, Gulf States
drowsy adj 1 • esp Gulf States, Ohio Valley (MAP)
dry drought n • chiefly GA, SC, Gulf States
earscrew n • chiefly Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
easy walker n • chiefly Gulf States, SC
English pea n • esp Gulf States (MAP)
evergreen oak n a • Gulf States
extra n C2 • chiefly Gulf States, Mid Atl (MAP)
field pine n 1 • chiefly SE, Gulf States
firedog n • scattered, but esp freq sAppalachians, S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
fire iron n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl, N Cent (MAP)
fix v B3 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
flies and skinners n • chiefly Gulf States, esp TX (MAP)
flounder v1 • Gulf States
fool v 1b • scattered, but chiefly S Midl, Gulf States, Cent (MAP)
French mockingbird n 2 • S Atl, Gulf States
fruit basket n b • chiefly Gulf States, Inland Sth (MAP)
gallery n • chiefly Gulf States, AR, TX (MAP)
gator n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
Georgia stock n • chiefly Gulf States, AR, OK (MAP)
*get v C2 • widespread, but less freq S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
gopher n1 2a • chiefly West, Missip Valley, Gulf States
granddaddy graybeard n 2 • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl
grande écaille n • chiefly Gulf States
grits n pl 1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
guinea wasp n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
gully n 3 • esp Gulf States
gully n 4 • scattered, but esp Gulf States
gumbo n 2 • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA, but becoming widely recognized elsewhere (MAP)
hack v4 • esp S Atl, Gulf States
hail-over n, exclam • S Atl, Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
hard-shell turtle n • chiefly N Cent, Cent, Gulf States (MAP)
highland terrapin n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl
high yellow n • scattered, but chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
hog’s head cheese n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast, esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
hog wire n • scattered, but esp S Atl, Gulf States, Cent (MAP)
hoist v C1i(1) • Gulf States, SC
hold v C2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States, AR (MAP)
hook, shoot a v phr • Gulf States
horse duck n 1 • esp Gulf States
hot stick n • esp SE, Gulf States
hot-water corn bread n • chiefly Gulf States, Inland Sth (MAP)
hydrant n 1b • esp SW, Gulf States (MAP)
Indian n B6 • esp Gulf States, TX (MAP)
Indian fire n 3 • Gulf States, esp LA
island n B2 • scattered, but esp Gulf States
jackdaw n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
jaded adj • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
jake leg n1 1 • chiefly S Midl, wGulf States (MAP)
jakeleg adj, n2 • Gulf States, TN
jambalaya n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA (MAP)
jewfish n 1a • S Atl, Gulf States
jewfish n 1b • S Atl, Gulf States
joe darter n 1 • esp Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
joe darter n 2 • esp Gulf States, S Midl
jook n 2 • orig FL, later chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
jump board n • esp Gulf States
June corn n • esp Gulf States
keg n, v A3 (pronc) • esp S Atl, Gulf States
kernel n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl; also Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
king mackerel n • S Atl, Gulf States
king’s ex exclam, n • chiefly west of Missip R, Gulf States, Ohio Valley (MAP and Map Section)
kiss-me-and-I’ll-tell-you n 1 • chiefly TX, Gulf States
know v C • esp Gulf States
lagging line n • chiefly West, Gulf States, W Midl, esp sIL (MAP)
lagniappe n • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA (MAP and Map Section)
lamper eel n 3 • esp Gulf States
lie out v phr 1b • esp Gulf States
ling n 3 • Gulf States
loggerhead n 5b • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
lord god n 1 • chiefly SE, esp Gulf States (MAP)
love bug n • Gulf States
low sick adj phr • Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States (MAP)
maguey n 1 • Gulf States, SW
maiden cane n • S Atl, Gulf States
make v1 C18b • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA
manner n 3a • chiefly S Midl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
Mardi Gras n 2 • scattered, but esp Gulf States, NYC
maw n1 1 • chiefly Gulf States, Mid and S Atl
Mexican adj B3 • esp TX, Gulf States
milk pen n • esp Gulf States, TX
mosquito fly n • esp Gulf States, S Atl
mother dear n • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
mouse cat n • esp Ohio Valley, Gulf States (MAP)
mud cat n 1a • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Gulf States
*muley adj, n2 A2 (pronc) • scattered, but less freq Atlantic coast, Gulf States (MAP)
mussel n 2 • chiefly Midl, Gulf States
nail bar n • scattered, but esp West, Gulf States (MAP)
newground n 1a • chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
nibbling n • esp Gulf States
nig n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
nigger n1 B11 • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
*niggerhead n 1 • widespread exc Gulf States (MAP)
nigger-shooter n • chiefly Gulf States, TX
northwester n • chiefly Atlantic, Gulf States, Gt Lakes (MAP)
nut grass n 1 • scattered, but chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
*Osage orange n • widespread exc S Atl, Inland Sth, Gulf States (MAP)
pave n 2 • chiefly Gulf States, GA
pavement n • scattered, but chiefly C Atl, esp sePA; also Gulf States
pave road n • chiefly Gulf States, GA
pea patch n • esp Gulf States
pigoo exclam • chiefly OH Valley, Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
pinder n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
piney-woods rooter n • S Atl, Gulf States
*piss ant n 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq NEast, Gulf States (MAP)
plantation n (pronc) • chiefly Gulf States |ˌplæntˈe(ɪ)šən|
pogy n 1 • chiefly nNEng, S Atl, Gulf States
pollywog n 4 • chiefly Gulf States, esp FL
pompano n 1 • S Atl, Gulf States
poor adj A1 (pronc) • esp Nth (exc neNEng), N Midl, Gulf States
poor boy n 1 • orig New Orleans LA; now widespread exc NEast, Mid Atl; esp freq Gulf States, TN, TX (MAP)
poor boy n 3 • esp Gulf States
poor boy v phr • scattered, but chiefly SW, Gulf States
pop n2 1 • scattered, but esp Atlantic, Gulf States (MAP)
potato pone n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
potlicker n1 2 • esp Gulf States (MAP)
quill melon n • esp Gulf Region
quinine water n • esp Gulf Region
rain lily n • chiefly Gulf States, esp TX
rat v 1 • esp Gulf States, Missip Valley (MAP)
rat snake n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
rattle n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
red bean n • scattered, but more freq Gulf States, West, Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
redbill snipe n • esp Gulf States
redfish n a • Gulf States (MAP)
red-neck n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States (MAP)
red snapper n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
remembrance n • S Atl, Gulf States
rice n (pronc) • esp S Atl, Gulf States |ras|
ricebird n 4 • chiefly Gulf States, GA (MAP)
rigor n • esp Gulf States, TX (MAP)
room n (pronc) • scattered, but esp NEng, Mid and S Atl, Gulf States |r^Um|
roost n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, SC, TX, W Midl, esp IN (MAP)
root the peg n • esp Gulf States, S Atl
rose-comb lightwood (knot) n • esp Gulf States
rosin heel n • Gulf States
row n 4 • chiefly Nth, Atlantic, Gulf States (MAP)
rubboard n 2 • esp Gulf States, TX, AR
running bean n • esp Gulf States
saddle board n • scattered, but esp NEng, Gulf States (MAP)
salamander n 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States
salt cedar n 1 • chiefly SW, Gulf States
salt-meadow grass n a • Atlantic and Gulf coasts
saltwater trout n • S Atl, Gulf States
sardine n 1a • esp Gulf States
saw grass n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
sawyer n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
scaffold n B3 • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA
scissorbill n 1 • S Atl, Gulf States
scratcher n 1 • esp Gulf States, TN
screwman n • Gulf States, esp LA
scrub n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, TX, Gulf States (MAP)
shed room n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
shiner n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, Gt Lakes, Gulf States (MAP)
shinny n2 • chiefly Gulf States
*shivaree n B1 • widespread, but less freq Atlantic, Gulf States exc FL (MAP and Map Section)
shivering owl n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
short adj 2 • esp Gulf States
side prep 2 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
silk-stocking n attrib • scattered, but esp Gulf States, TX, Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
skillet n 1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq Midl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
slick calm adj phr • chiefly Mid and S Atl, Gulf States
slide n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
slide n 2 • esp Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley(MAP)
smother v 1 • chiefly Gulf States (MAP)
snatch row n • esp Gulf States
spitting devil n • esp Gulf States
squinch adj 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
stage plank n • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA
storm bird n • Gulf States
storm pit n • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
straw n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
streaked-head turtle n • Gulf Region
stretch worm n • GA, Gulf States
stump n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
stumptail moccasin n • esp Gulf States
sungazer n • esp Gulf States
suption n1 • SE, Gulf States
swamp ape n • chiefly Gulf States, esp FL
swamp hog n • S Atl, Gulf States
swamp moss n 2 • Gulf States
swamp owl n 1 • chiefly Sth, esp Gulf States
swamp rat n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley
Sweet Lucy n 1 • chiefly WV, Ohio Valley, wGulf States (MAP)
syrup candy n • chiefly Gulf States, GA, SC (MAP)
tar kiln n b • chiefly S Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
tea weed n 2 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
throw down v phr • esp Gulf States, SW
tight line n • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys, Gulf States (MAP)
to prep B15 • Gulf States, sAppalachians
toad-frog stool n • esp Gulf States, GA
toad-strangler n • chiefly Gulf States, S Midl
*tobacco spitter n • scattered, but less freq N Atl, Gulf States, West (MAP)
toot v, n3 • chiefly N Cent, W Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
traffic circle n • chiefly Atlantic, Gulf States, SW (MAP)
transport n • chiefly Missip Valley, West, Gulf States, Gt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
tread-soft(ly) n • S Atl, Gulf States
trotline n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, W Midl, Cent, TX, SC (MAP)
tumblesault n, v • chiefly NEast, C Atl; also Gulf States (MAP)
tumbleset n, v • chiefly SE, Gulf States; also NEast (MAP)
turn n 1a • chiefly Mid and S Atl; also Gulf States (MAP)
turnplow n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, WV (MAP)
unlegal adj • esp Gulf States
*vegetable cellar n • scattered, but less freq S Atl, Gulf States, SW (MAP)
wage hand n • S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
white perch n 5 • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA (MAP)
white trout n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl
whoop n C2 • scattered, but esp S Atl, Gulf States, Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Pacific (MAP)
whoop exclam D • esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
wiggler n 3 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
wild peach n 1 • wGulf States, esp eTX
worrit v 1 • formerly scattered, now esp Gulf States, TX
*woven wire n • widespread, but less freq Atl coast, Gulf States, SW, Pacific (MAP)
yam potato n • chiefly Gulf States
yard child n 2 • esp S Atl, Gulf States
yard child n 3 • esp S Atl, Gulf States
yellow adj C • chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States
yellowbreast sunfish n • esp Mid and S Atl, Gulf States
yellow catfish n • chiefly Gulf States, S Midl
yonder adv B2 • esp Gulf States, AR, GA
acknowledge n • Gullah
acquaintun ppl adj • Gullah
all both pron • Gullah
and thing conj phr • Gullah
answer n • Gullah
aw adv • Gullah
bactize v • Gullah
basket name n • Gullah
be v A3 • Gullah
be v B3d • esp Gullah
be v B7b • the constr is creole (Gullah)
belong v A1 • esp in representations of Gullah speech
belong v A2 • in representations of Gullah speech
bleebe v • Gullah
blind God n • Gullah
bloodynoun n • prob orig Gullah
blow one’s bone v phr • Gullah
break v A1 • also..bruk (Gullah)
breakfast n • ..in Gullah, brekwus, brukwus(s)..
buckra n • orig Gullah, now more widespread
by conj • Gullah
catch v B13 • Gullah
geechee n 1 • Gullah
co’ n • Gullah
crack one’s teeth v phr • Gullah
cubbitch adj 1 • Gullah
cunner n2 • [Perh by coalescence of Canoe, ult from Arawak, with Gullah ˈ kunu, ult Afr..]
dah n • Gullah
dash away v phr • Gullah
day clean n • chiefly Gullah
dead v 2 • Gullah
de-de phr • Gullah
deh adv • Gullah
do v C2b • esp freq among Black (esp Gullah) speakers
do v C7 • [Perh influenced by Gullah duh v]
done v • Gullah
duh prep • Gullah
duh v • Gullah
earth n • Gullah
eh-eh intj • Gullah
elsehow conj • Gullah
elseso conj • Gullah
enty interrog exclam • esp Gullah
’eself pron • Gullah
faid adj • Gullah
father n • also Gullah, farrah, farruh
filfil v • Gullah
fly v A1 • also Gullah flew, flew’d
foot n C2 • Gullah
foot n C5i • Gullah
for prep B2 • esp freq in Gullah, but also HI creole
for prep B4a(8) • Gullah
fowl-crow n • Gullah
fuh v • Gullah
gage v • Gullah
gaumandize v • Gullah
gelt n2 • Gullah
gelt v • Gullah
go v A6b • esp Gullah
grind salt v phr • Gullah
gunja n • esp freq among Gullah speakers
hatchet n • Gullah, hatchi(t)ch
he pron • ’e for he..is the usual form in Gullah
he pron 2 • among Blacks, esp Gullah speakers
he pron 4 • esp among Gullah speakers
he pron 5 • esp among Gullah speakers
hear v A1b • chiefly Gullah
higguhri-hee n • Gullah
him adj • chiefly Gullah
him pron B2 • Gullah
him pron B3 • Gullah
him pron B6 • esp Gullah
him pron B7 • Gullah
Jedus n • Gullah
keg n, v A4 (pronc) • esp Gullah
ki intj • Gullah
lick v • Gullah
lick v B1 • Gullah
little adj, n, v • among Gullah speakers
locus preacher n • esp Gullah
lukkuh prep, conj • Gullah
malawu n • Gullah
me adj a • Gullah
me pron 2b • chiefly Gullah
meet v 1 • Gullah
mojo n • [..cf Gullah moco witchcraft, magic..]
more adv B2 • Gullah
nana n2 • Gullah
neighbor n • Gullah
no-manners adj • Gullah
nyam v • chiefly Gullah
one adv C1 • among Black (esp Gullah) speakers
one-one adv, adj, n • among Gullah speakers
oule n • Gullah
own adj 2 • Gullah
piece n 4 • esp freq among Gullah speakers
pinto n2 • chiefly among Gullah speakers
pontop prep • Gullah
potato n A4 (pronc) • esp Gullah
praise house n • Gullah
praise meeting n 1 • Gullah
pull one’s foot v phr • Gullah
put v (pronc) • Gullah |pɪt|
question n, v • also Gullah squeschun, squestion
rein n A • Gullah
say conj • Gullah
see v A • Gullah
senkah conj, prep • Gullah
she pron 2 • esp freq among Gullah speakers
she pron 3 • Gullah
sheself pron • among Gullah speakers
she-she talk n • Gullah
shut v A • rarely Gullah, shetty
sometime adj • esp freq among Gullah speakers
stand v 1 • Gullah
stepney n • among Gullah speakers
sunhot n • Gullah
sweet-mouth v • chiefly Gullah
swonger adj • chiefly Gullah
swonger v • chiefly Gullah
taste v B3 • Gullah
tell v C2b • Gullah
them pron B3 • esp Gullah, HI creole
them adj C2 • Gullah
they adv • Gullah
tie one's mouth v phr • Gullah
titty n1 • esp freq among Gullah speakers
toad n 7 • Gullah
too adv • chiefly Gullah; also HI Creole
topper prep • Gullah
trust-me-God n • Gullah
truth-mouth n • Gullah
turkey n • among Gullah speakers by metath tuckr(e)y, tukr(e)y
ugly adj, adv, n • Pronc-sp Gullah oagly
una pron • Gullah
very adv B • Gullah
victual n • Pronc-sp, in Gullah, bittle
voice n • esp among Gullah speakers |wɔɪs|
we pron • chiefly among Gullah speakers
we adj • chiefly among Gullah speakers
weself pron • Gullah
what make (so) adv phr • Gullah
what side adv phr • Gullah
where adv, conj, pron A3 (pronc) • Gullah
worth adj B • Gullah
yent v • Gullah
you adj, pron2 • among Black speakers, esp Gullah speakers
H
cut-eye n, v • [..Cf Haitian kout je..]
Haitian creole See creole
Harlem See New York, Harlem
Sambo n1 • [From a personal name of Afr origin; cf..Hausa Sambo]
Hawaii; Hawaiian
aa n • orig and still chiefly HI
abuji n • HI
across prep • HI
ae adv • HI
ahana intj • HI
ahi n • HI
ahina adj • HI
ahiu n • HI
aho n • HI
aholehole n • [Haw]
ahupuaa n • HI
aihue adj, v • HI
aikane n • HI
ajusi n • HI
akamai adj • HI
aku n • HI
akua n • HI
akualele n • HI
akule n • HI
ala n • HI
alabia n • HI
alae salt n • HI
alanui n • HI
algaroba n • SW, HI
alii n • HI
all-ee all-ee auction free exclam • sCA, HI
aloha n • chiefly HI though recognized throughout US
aloha party n • HI
aloha shirt n • HI but recognized throughout US
alphabet n • HI
already adv B3 • HI
ama-ama n • HI
amakihi n • [Haw]
angel’s-trumpet n 1 • Sth, CA and HI
any adj C • HI
aole adv • HI
apapane n • [Haw]
ape-ape n • [Haw..]
arigato intj • HI
atsui adj • HI
au n • HI
auau n • HI
auau v • HI
auhuhu n • [Haw ‘auhuhu]
auwaha n • HI
auwaha v • HI
auwai n • HI
auwana n • HI
auwana v • HI
auwe intj • HI
awa n1 • HI
awa n2 • HI
awa-awa adj • HI
bagoong n • HI
bango n • HI
bata n • HI
bayao n • HI
beach morning glory n 1 • chiefly HI
bla n • HI
borinki n • HI
buddhahead n • chiefly HI, also CA
buffalo grass n c • HI
burn v B7 • HI
calabash cousin n • HI
Canuck n • [..from Haw kanaka man..]
catch v B12 • HI
centipede grass n • S Atl, HI
chi-chi n • HI
chop suey n • HI
chorizo n • NW, HI
coast haole n • HI
cornucopia n • HI
crack seed n • HI
da kine phr • HI
Dole’s beard n • HI
dragon’s eye n 1 • HI
e intj • HI
eha n, v, adj • HI
ehu n • HI
ei nei intj • [Haw ei nei or eia nei you there]
eleele adj • HI
ewa adv • HI
eye n2 • [Calque from Haw maka mesh..]
find v B3 • HI
fire v C1b • [Calque from Haw ahi n “fire,” v “to burn”]
for prep B2 • esp freq in Gullah, but also HI creole
garland flower n • HI
ginger lily n • esp HI
go-ahead n 1 • chiefly CA, HI
gohan n • HI
-guys suff • HI
hala n • HI
hale n • HI
halulu adj • [Haw halulu to roar, thunder]
hana n, v • HI
hanahana n, v, adj • HI
hanai n, adj • HI
hanau v • HI
haole n • HI
haole koa n • HI
haolified adj • HI
hapa n • HI
hapai adj • HI
hapai v • HI
hapuu n • [Haw]
hard adj B6 • HI
hau n • HI
hauna v, exclam • HI
haupia n • HI
hele v • HI
hemo v • HI
hikiee n • HI
hiki no phr • HI
hilahila adj, n, v • HI
hill robin n • HI
hilo grass n • HI
hinahina n • HI
holo v • HI
holoku n • HI
holomuu n • HI
honest kine adv phr • HI
honohono n • HI
hoomalimali v, n • HI
how’s it exclam • HI
huhu adj, v • HI
hui n • HI
hui v, intj • HI
hukilau n • HI
hukilau v • HI
hula palm n • HI
huli v • HI
humbug n 4 • esp HI
hybolic adj • HI
iiwi n • HI
ili n • HI
ilima n • HI
ilio n • HI
imu n • HI
inamona n • HI
inia n • HI
io n • HI
ka adv • HI
kaa v • HI
kahala n • HI
kahili n • HI
kahili ginger n • HI
kahuna n • chiefly HI
kahuna v • HI
kai n, adv • HI
kakio n • HI
kala n1 • HI
kala n2 • HI
kalakoa adj, n • HI
kalikali n • HI
kalua v • HI
kamaaina n • HI
kamaboko n • HI
kamani n • HI
kanaka n • chiefly HI
kane n • HI
kapakahi adj • HI
kapu adj • [Haw “sacred, inviolable; prohibited”..]
kapulu adj, adv • HI
kauka n • HI
kaukau n, v • HI
kawakawa n • HI
keiki n • HI
kiawe n • HI
kini n • HI
kinipopo, on the adj phr • HI
ko n • HI
koa n • [Haw]
kokua v, n • HI
kona n • HI
kotonk n • HI
kou n • [Haw]
kukae n, v • HI
kukui n • HI
kuleana n • HI
kulikuli v • HI
kulolo n • HI
kumu n • HI
kupipi n • HI
lace-necked dove n • HI
lanai n • chiefly HI
lauhala n • HI
laulau n • HI
leatherback n 6 • HI
lei n • chiefly HI, but more widely recognized
Lei Day n • HI
lilikoi n • HI
limu n • HI
lolo adj, n • HI
lomi v • HI
lomi salmon n • HI
lua n • HI
luau n • HI
luau n 2 • chiefly HI, but widely recognized
luau foot n • HI
luna n • HI
mahalo exclam • HI
mahimahi n • esp HI
mahope adv • HI
mahu adj, n • HI
mahukona violet n • HI
maikai adj, adv • HI
maile n • HI
maile haole n • HI
maile pilau n • HI
makahiki n • HI
makai adv, adj • HI
make adj, v2, n • HI
makiawa n • HI
makule adj, n • HI
malassada n • HI, seNEng
male v • [Haw pronc-sp for marry]
malihini n • HI
malo n • HI
malolo n • HI
mamani n • [Haw]
mama-san n • HI
manapua n • HI
manienie n • HI
manini adj • HI
manini n • HI
manuahi n, adj • HI
maomao n • HI
mauka adv, adj • HI
median (strip) n 1b • chiefly PA, sNJ; also HI (MAP)
mele n, v • HI
Mele Kalikimaka exclam • HI
menehune n • HI
milkfish n • HI
milo n2 • HI
minor exclam • HI
moana n1 • HI
moaning bird n • HI
moano n • HI
mock orange n 1g • HI
moemoe v, n • HI
moi n • HI
mokihana n • HI
molowa adj • HI
momona adj, n • HI
muumuu n • orig HI, now widely recognized
naio n • [Haw]
nani adj • HI
nene n • [Haw]
nohu n • HI
noio n • HI
nui adj • HI
octopus tree n • esp HI
ohelo n • HI
ohelo-kai n • HI
ohia n1 • HI
oio n • HI
okole n, adv • HI
okolehao n • [Haw ‘ōkolehao try-pot still..]
okole maluna exclam • HI
on prep B12b • [..perh calque of Haw ma on, at]
one adv C2 • HI
one-finger poi n • HI
ono adj, v • HI
ono n • HI
oo n • [Haw ‘ō‘ō]
oopu n • HI
opakapaka n • HI
opala n • HI
opelu n • HI
opihi n • HI
opiopio adj • [Haw]
opu n • HI
package n • HI
pahoehoe n • HI
pake n, adj (pronc) • HI
pali n • HI
palila n • HI
panini n • HI
paniolo n • HI
pão doce n • HI
paopao n • HI
papio n • HI
pau adj (pronc) • HI
pa‘u n (pronc) • HI
pehea oe phr • HI
Pele’s hair n • HI
Pele’s tear n • HI
pia n • HI
pikake n • HI
piko n • HI
pilau n(2), v, adj • [Haw] (MAP)
pili n • HI
pilikia n, adj • HI
pinao n • HI
pine n 2 • chiefly HI
poha n • HI
pohaku n, adj • HI
poho n, v, adj, intj • HI
pohuehue n • HI
poi n • HI
poi dog n • HI
popolo n • HI
Portuguese n, adj • esp sNEng, CA, HI Portagee, Porte(r)gee, Portug(u)ee, Portyg(h)ee (MAP)
pueo n • HI
puka n • HI
pulu n • HI
punee n • HI
pupu n • chiefly HI
pupule adj, n • HI
rain tree n 1 • HI
sai-min n • HI
sashimi n • orig HI, but now more widely recognized
shave ice n • chiefly HI, but now more widely recognized
shell ginger n • HI
shishi n • HI
skipjack n 1k • esp CA, HI
spoon meat n • HI
stay v 3 • HI
stink vine n • HI
sushi n • orig HI, but now widely known
tabi n • esp HI
tapa n • esp HI
tell v C2b • HI creole
them pron B3 • esp Gullah, HI creole
ti n • [Haw kī, earlier, and in many other Polynesian langs, ti]
tita n • HI
too adv • chiefly Gullah; also HI Creole
try v 4 • HI
tutu n • HI
uhi n • HI
uhu n • HI
uka n, adv • HI
uki n • HI
uku n • HI
ula-ula n • HI
ulu n1 • HI
ulua n • [Haw]
unicorn fish n 2 • HI
upapalu n • [Haw]
`u`u n • [Haw]
vog n • HI
wahine n (pronc) • HI
wai n (pronc) • HI
weke n • HI
wikiwiki adj, adv, exclam • HI
wiliwili n • HI
Yobo n • HI
zori n • esp HI, West
Hawaiian creole See creole
chittamwood n • [..shittim is from Heb..]
holly n2 • [Heb challa]
chop n3 • [Hindi chāp stamp, brand..]
kedgeree n • [Var of Hindi kitcheri..]
historic (See also archaic; obsolete; old-fashioned)
Albany beef n • joc; now hist
Albany sleigh n • now hist
alguacil n • now hist
Allegheny skiff n • now hist
ambulance n B1 • now hist
America n B2 • now hist
American adj • now chiefly hist
apishamore n • hist
ark n 1 • now hist
arrastra n • now hist
ayuntamiento n • now hist
bad man n 1 • now hist
bar n1 2 • hist
bark v1 1 • now hist
barking exercise n • now hist
barm n1 • Hist sp barme
bayo n 2 • hist sp ballo
bayou n • hist spp bayoo, bayoue
blanket n 1 • hist
bobolink n • Also chiefly hist forms bob-a-link,..
bold hives n 1 • now hist
bone picker n • hist
Boston n 1 • hist
bouco n • hist
boudin n 1 • hist
bound adj 1 • hist
box rustler n • hist
buck v1 B5b • hist
buck v1 B6a • hist
buffalo bird n 1 • hist
buffet n A1 • Hist or old-fash pronc-spp baufat,..
bull n 3 • hist
bullboat n • hist
bull’s-eye n 1 • hist
bull team n • hist
bull train n • hist
bullwhack v • hist
bullwhacker n • hist
bundle v1 C1 • hist
bungo n • hist
bushwhack v 2 • hist
California bank note n • hist
California collar n • hist
California sock n • hist
canaller n 1 • hist
catalog woman n • now hist
catch on the center v phr 1 • hist
Clamper n • hist
cliff n • hist sp cleft
coal pit n • now hist
coast n 1b • hist
cob-fashion adv • hist
Concord buggy n • hist
Concord coach n • hist
conestoga n 1 • hist
Confederate syrup n • hist
coonjine n • hist
coonjine v • hist
cordelle n, v • hist
corn v 3 • hist
corn chuck n • hist
corncracker n 2 • hist
cornfield school n • hist
corral n 2 • hist
cotton box n • hist
cottonwood ice cream n • hist
coyote house n • hist
crevice v • hist
cross timbers n • hist
crusie n • hist
dropseed n 2 • hist
dry n 1 • hist
dugout n 1 • hist
dumbfish n • hist
Dutch pike n • hist
eighteen-hundred-and-froze-to-death n • hist
election day n • hist
election sermon n • hist
end town n • hist
essence n 1 • hist
exercise n B • hist
exoduster n 1 • hist
falling exercise n • hist
fandango n 6 • hist
fill v2 • hist
flambeau n 1 • hist
flycatch n • hist
free man of color n • hist
French flat n • hist
frog catcher n • hist
general n C • hist
gold blossom n • hist
half hand n 1 • hist
half horse, half alligator n • hist
high dutcher n • hist
hivernant n • hist
hoggy n 1 • hist
hogweed n 3 • hist
honeydew n 1 • hist
hooper n 1 • hist
horn v 2 • hist
johnnycake board n • hist
juba n 1 • hist
kinnikinnick n 1 • hist
labor n, v • hist
long bit n • hist
loud school n • hist
maverick v 1 • hist
mud wagon n 1 • hist
noon mark n • hist
old-field school n • hist
persimmon n • Hist spp persimon,..pursimond
pinkster n 1 • hist
pocket n 9 • hist
pod n 4 • hist
prate v 1 • hist
quarter hand n 1 • hist
raster n • hist
rawhide v 5 • hist
rawhider n 1 • hist
rimrock v • hist
ripsack n • hist
round forty n • hist
rubber forty n • hist
shadine n 2 • hist
slash fence n • hist
sprout flow n • hist
state Negro n • hist
stick-and-clay chimney n • hist
stretch flow n • chiefly hist
striped pig n • hist
swell-body (sleigh) n • hist
tarantula juice n • hist
team n 1 • hist
tiger n B6 • hist
warbird n • hist
warn v 3 • hist
warning n 2 • hist
whaleback n 2 • hist
white man's foot n • hist
homophonous; homophony
and prep • [By corr of homophonous in [%Un]..]
cucumber exclam • [From homophony of 2d syll with come]
tobacco exclam • [From homophony of 2nd syllable and back]
kiva n • [Hopi]
Hudson (River) Valley See New York, Hudson (River) Valley
humorous; humorously See jocular
hypercorrect; hypercorrection; also overcorrected; overcorrection
-a • [Once thought to be hypercorrection..]
and indef art • [Perh by overcorrection]
aunt n A1 (pronc) • sometimes considered affected, esp when overcorrected to [ɔnt]
batting n • [.. perh sometimes a hypercorrection for batten]
beholden adj • Also (perh by hypercorrection) beholdin(g)
bigoted adj • [Perh hypercorrection for biggity adj..]
boil n2 • [Hypercorrection of bile..]
creek n2 • [Perh hypercorrection]
dew down v phr • [Alter, by hypercorrection, of jew down to haggle a seller for a lower price..]
earnestly, in adj phr • [By hypercorrection]
-er • perh by hypercorrection
finely adv1 • [Prob by overcorrection]
hardly adv B • [Overcorrection from hard..]
hart n • [Var of hod, perh by hypercorrection]
he pron 3 • ..occurs as a hypercorrection for him in non-stdE in compound objects..
housewife n • [..perh rather a hypercorrect form of hussy n1 B1]
-ing suff B1 (pronc) • Used as a hypercorrect form of |-ən, -ɪn|
Jamestown weed n • a hypercorrect sp for the pronc [ˈɪmsən]
look v A1 • perh by hypercorrection, look at
lowly adj • [Prob hypercorrection..]
mellow v • [..hypercorrect form mellow]
merkel n2 • [..in which case myrtle is a hypercorrection..]
shrivel v2 • [By hypercorrection for swivel..]
steeple n2 • [By hypercorrection; cf staple n1] (MAP)
thrash n3 • rarely, prob by hypercorrection, thresh
awfully lot n • [Hyperurbanism..]
boo n2 • [Hypocoristic form of brother]
bub n2 • [..prob hypocoristic form of brother]
bubba n1 • [Prob hypocoristic form of brother]
bubby n2 • [Prob hypocoristic form of brother..]
bud n2 • [Prob hypocoristic form of brother]
buddy n • [Prob hypocoristic form of brother..]
butty n2 • [butt + hypocoristic -y]
buzz n1 • [Hypocoristic var of brother]
do n1 4 • hypocoristic do(o)-do(o), doody
doody n1 • [Hypocoristic]
fensies exclam • [Prob fens (at fen) + hypocoristic -ies]
hissy n • [Perh hypocoristic form of hysterical..]
hosey v, n • [..perh < holds + hypocoristic -ie..]
icky adj • [Hypocoristic; perh varr of sticky] (MAP)
mam-maw n • [Prob hypocoristic varr of grandma] (MAP)
nana n1 • [Hypocoristic] (MAP)
ninny n2 • [..perh hypocoristic..] (MAP)
nuncle n • Also hypocoristic nunk(s), nunky
pap-pap n • [Hypocoristic]
poly-woly n • [Hypocoristic var of roly-poly]
pop-pop n • [Hypocoristic] (MAP)
potty mouth n • [Prob from potty hypocoristic for pot n 4..]
-sie suff • Used to form diminutives or hypocoristic nouns
ta-ta exclam • [Hypocoristic..] (MAP)
titty n1 • [Perh Scots, nEngl colloq or hypocoristic titty sister..]
-y suff1 3 • Added to nouns to form hypocoristic or familiarized nouns
I
carrot eater n • ID
jota n • esp CA, sID, eOR
lucerne n • formerly more widespread, now esp UT, ID
Mormon derrick n • esp UT, ID, eOR
Mormon rain(storm) n • chiefly ID
pelota n • esp sID, eOR
seal v • esp UT, ID
whistle pig n 2 • chiefly ID
whistle pig n 3 • chiefly ID
cala n1 • [..Yoruba, Igbo, Efik àkàrà an oily cake..]
una pron • [W Afr; cf Igbo unu you (pl); cf also DJE unu, DBE ona]
bube n • Ger settlement areas in PA, IL
bucket n 2c • Nth, east of IL
carry-in n • chiefly IL, IN, OH (MAP and Map Section)
catalpa n A • esp IL, IN, KY
cork ball n • chiefly sIL
Egypt n 1 • chiefly sIL
fifty n • IL, MI, WI
go-to-mill n • chiefly IL, KY
hard road n • chiefly Midl, esp IL (MAP)
haw horse n • scattered, but esp IN, IL, OH
hedge ball n • IL, KS, KY
lagging line n • chiefly West, Gulf States, W Midl, esp sIL (MAP)
limpa n • chiefly IL, MN, ND, WI
lutefisk n • chiefly Upper MW, WI, nwIL (MAP)
mud boat n 1 • chiefly OH, IN, sIL (MAP)
parky n2 • NYC, IL, WI
*pop n1 • widespread, but less freq N Atl, ePA, Sth, eMO, sIL (MAP)
pully bone n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK, IL, IN (MAP)
rack wagon n • chiefly N Midl, esp cIL (MAP)
route n A2 • scattered, but chiefly IL, OH, wPA, WV, MD (MAP)
route n B1 • chiefly NEast, WV, OH, IL, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
scramble dinner n • esp nIL
slab n 1 • scattered, but esp IL, IN, MO (MAP)
sod n attrib • chiefly Plains States, IL, IN
soda n B1 • widespread, but esp freq NEast, eMO, sIL (MAP)
squad car n • scattered, but esp IL, WI (MAP)
squadrol n • IL, esp Chicago
swamp marigold n 2 • esp IL
touch v C2 • esp Sth, S Midl, IL (MAP)
tree bank n • esp IL, WI
trustee n • IL, IA, OH, WI
velvetweed n 1 • esp IL
whooee exclam 2 • widespread exc NEast; most freq Midl, esp IA, IL, IN (MAP)
willow fly n 1 • chiefly Inland Sth, IL
yellowhammer n 5 • esp ne,cIL
clout n1 3 • orig Chicago IL, now widespread
clout v 3 • esp Chicago IL
hawk n 1 • chiefly Chicago IL
Lugen n • chiefly Chicago IL
piggy move-up n • esp Chicago IL
prairie n B2 • Chicago IL
sky blue n • chiefly Chicago IL
sport pepper n • chiefly Chicago IL, but becoming more widely known
squadrol n • IL, esp Chicago
imitative; imitation (See also echoic)
allee samee adv phr • [Imit of presumed Pidgin English]
baa-baa n • [Imit]
barf v, n • [Perh imit]
biddy n1 • [..perh imit..]
bizmaroon n • [Prob imit]
blaa n, v • [Imit]
blat n, v • [Imit]
bloodick n • [Perh imit]
bloodynoun n • [Prob imit..]
bottle-kachunk n • [Imit of its characteristic cry]
brother rounds n • [Imit]
bubbly-jock n • [..perh imit of its gobble]
bum n4 • [Imit..]
bunt adv • [Imit of the sound and action of bunt v2]
buttermunk n 1 • [Perh imit]
catch him intj • [Imit]
cawk v2 • [Imit..]
chachalaca n • [AmSpan, imit of the bird’s cry]
cham-chack n • [Imit]
cheep v • [Imit of the sound of a bird]
chickling n • [Imit]
chip-de-willow n • [Imit]
chuckatuck n • [Imit]
chug v • [Prob imit..]
clacker n • [Imit]
clicker n • [Imit]
clob v • [Imit]
club v2 • [Imit]
congolene n • [..in imitation of var quasi-scientific brand names]
corn wagon n • [Imit]
dickey n1 • [Perh imit..]
fuzz v2 • [Imit; var of fizz]
gobly-gossit n • [Imit]
highbarkalorum n • [An imitation of high cockalorum,..with play on bark of trees..simulating medical Latin]
-ker pref • often with an imitative second element
quawk n2 • [Imit]
rock rancher n • [In joc imitation of compounds like chicken rancher, hay ~ (at rancher)]
slash n1 • [Prob..imit..]
thank-you-ma'am n 1 • [..The rhythm of the phr is also imitative, as in many of the synonyms.] (MAP)
wollerkertoot n • [Imit]
zin-zin n • [Imit]
Indian; Indian, American See American Indian
bank barn n • chiefly PA, OH, MD, VA, IN (MAP)
belling vbl n2 • now chiefly wPA, WV, OH, IN, MI (MAP)
berm n 3 • chiefly PA, OH, IN, WV (MAP)
bluetail hawk n • esp KY, sIN, NC
calling hours n pl • chiefly NEast, also OH, IN (MAP)
carry-in n • chiefly IL, IN, OH (MAP and Map Section)
catalpa n A • esp IL, IN, KY
catawba n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OH, IN (MAP)
doodle n1 1 • chiefly IN, OH, PA (MAP)
duck on davy n • chiefly NJ, PA, IN
haw horse n • scattered, but esp IN, IL, OH
home economic(s) club n • esp IN
mud boat n 1 • chiefly OH, IN, sIL (MAP)
October bean n • chiefly sAppalachians, IN (MAP)
pitch-in dinner n • chiefly IN; also MT (MAP)
popple n1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, IN (MAP)
pully bone n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK, IL, IN (MAP)
roost n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, SC, TX, W Midl, esp IN (MAP)
scoop n 1 • scattered, but esp NY, PA, IN (MAP)
slab n 1 • scattered, but esp IL, IN, MO (MAP)
sled ride v phr • esp wPA, eIN, sAppalachians (MAP)
sod n attrib • chiefly Plains States, IL, IN
spreading viper n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, esp IN (MAP)
sugar cream pie n • esp IN, OH
sugar water n • chiefly sAppalachians, IN, OH, PA
sweet oak n 1 • esp IN, OH
whooee exclam 2 • widespread exc NEast; most freq Midl, esp IA, IL, IN (MAP)
work-brittle adj 1 • chiefly Midl, esp IN (MAP)
alamagoozlum n • [..perh from Fr à la + -ma- infix + goozlum thick liquid]
curlimacue n • [curlicue + -ma- infix]
edumacation n • [-ma- infix]
-er affix • Usu suffixed, occas infixed, superfluously
finatially adv • [finally + infixed syll, perh for emphasis]
and conj B3 • informal
appreciate v B1 • informal (MAP)
at prep 4 • informal, occas joc or for emphasis
calaboose n • informal, often humorous (MAP)
complected adj • now established as informal std
faggot n • informal, freq derog
hi-ya exclam • Used as an informal greeting
infrequent (See also decreasing)
affection n • infreq
blackberry summer n • infreq
blinky adj 1b • infreq
X-Y-Z exclam • [Initialism for ``eXamine Your Zipper'']
all-ee all-ee out(s) in free exclam • chiefly Inland Nth, West (MAP)
all the • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
ambitious adj 2 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
back-asswards adv • chiefly Inland Nth, West
baseball n • ?Inland Nth
basement barn n • Inland Nth
bib overall(s) n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
blind pig n 1 • chiefly wInland Nth, CA (MAP and Map Section)
blossom n 2 • chiefly Inland Nth, esp in Ger settlement areas
blow snake n • chiefly Inland Nth, West
bohunk n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth and West (MAP)
bowery n1 • chiefly Inland Nth
bowery dance n • chiefly Inland Nth
brat n1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
brownie n1 3 • Inland Nth (MAP)
brownie v • esp Inland Nth
buckeye n 9 • esp Sth, Inland Nth
buffalo v • chiefly Inland Nth, West
cake doughnut n • widespread, but esp Inland Nth, West
camp meat n • chiefly Inland Nth, West (MAP)
Canadian thistle n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
catch colt n • chiefly West, Inland Nth (MAP)
cat in a bag n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
chippy n2 3 • formerly East, Sth; now chiefly Inland Nth and West (MAP)
chuck intj 2 • chiefly Inland Nth
commie n • chiefly N Midl, Inland Nth (MAP)
creek n1 (pronc) • esp Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
crimanetly intj • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
crocus n1 2a • chiefly Nth, esp Inland Nth
cut n 4 • chiefly Inland Nth, NW
darning needle n 1 • chiefly NEast, Inland Nth, West (MAP)
dip n1 8 • chiefly Inland Nth (MAP)
do-re-mi n 2 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
drag n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, Midl (MAP)
draw v C5 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
dressing n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
duckboat n • chiefly Inland Nth (MAP)
duck duck goose n • chiefly Inland Nth (MAP)
easy adv 2 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
fester v • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP and Map Section)
fish duck n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth (MAP)
fish-eater n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
flier n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
fluff n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
four adj, n (pronc) • wNEng, Inland Nth, S Midl
*frigidaire n • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, PA, West (MAP)
fruit basket n c • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
gee-hawed adj • esp Inland Nth
goop n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
guess coming, have another v phr • scattered, but esp Inland Nth
*gully washer n • widespread exc NEng, less freq Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)
*gutter n1 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP and Map Section)
hatching jacket n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
hun n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth
ice-cream social n • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
last dog is hung, until the adv phr • esp Inland Nth, N Midl
loafing barn n • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, Midl (MAP)
loggerhead n 3 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
mackerel-snapper n • esp Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
minnow n A3 • chiefly N Midl, Inland Nth (MAP)
*molasses n C1 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)
mouth organ n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Inland Nth, C Atl; also S Atl, SW (MAP and Map Section)
mud hen n 1b • widespread, but more freq Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
mud wasp n • chiefly NEast; also Inland Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
mumblety-peg n 3 • scattered, but esp Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
nigger fish v phr • scattered, but more freq Inland Nth, West (MAP)
on prep, adv (pronc) • chiefly Inland Nth, West
pail v 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
pass n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, esp Upstate NY (MAP)
pedro n (pronc) • chiefly Inland Nth (exc Upper MW, NW), CA (MAP)
pit n2 1b • widespread, but somewhat more freq Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)
pit n2 1c • chiefly Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)
pod v 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
prat n • esp Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
quack grass n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, Appalachians (MAP)
rank v 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, Midl (MAP)
*rattlesnake n 1 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
rubber v • esp wInland Nth
run v B2 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sauce n (pronc) • chiefly Inland Nth, N Cent, West |sɑs|
setline n • chiefly Inland Nth, S Atl (MAP)
shank’s horse n • esp Inland Nth (MAP)
sic ’em, not to know v phr • chiefly Inland Nth, esp Pacific NW, Rocky Mts, Upper MW (MAP)
sick time n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
side pork n • chiefly Inland Nth, IA (MAP)
sleep in v phr • widespread, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sleigh n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, esp MI, WI, MN (MAP)
sleigh n 2 • scattered, but esp S Midl, C Atl, Inland Nth (MAP)
snake n 3a • scattered, but more freq Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
snipe n 8 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sop n 3 • esp Inland Nth, W Midl (MAP)
stag v 1 • chiefly Inland Nth
stakey adj • chiefly Inland Nth
*stick v 1 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sticktight n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, W Midl (MAP)
stone fence n • widespread, but esp freq Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
storm shed n 1 • esp Inland Nth (MAP)
suckhole n 3 • chiefly Inland Nth, now more widespread (MAP)
teeter-totter n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, Missip-Ohio Valleys, West (MAP)
toboggan n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also Inland Nth
*trace n2 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, Cent, Rocky Mts, nCA (MAP)
twist n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
winter onion n • chiefly Inland Nth, Midl
with prep, adv C1 • chiefly Inland Nth
wriggler n 1 • esp Inland Nth, PA, CA (MAP)
bad sick adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl,but esp Inland Sth (MAP)
blessing n • chiefly S Atl, Inland Sth (MAP)
buttermilk sky n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Inland Sth (MAP)
carrion crow n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Inland Sth (MAP)
corn stick n • chiefly S Atl, Inland Sth (MAP)
cup towel n • chiefly TX, Inland Sth (MAP)
dinner kettle n 2 • esp Inland Sth
*exchange work v phr, n • widespread, but less freq Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
fire iron n 2 • scattered, but esp Inland Sth
fruit basket n b • chiefly Gulf States, Inland Sth (MAP)
frypan n • chiefly Atlantic, Inland Sth, West (MAP)
handy-over n, exclam • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Inland Sth (MAP)
hot-water corn bread n • chiefly Gulf States, Inland Sth (MAP)
*jerkwater adj 1 • scattered exc NEng; infreq Sth, Inland Sth (MAP)
lazy boy n 1 • esp S Atl, Inland Sth
mayapple n 2 • esp S Atl, Inland Sth
*Osage orange n • widespread exc S Atl, Inland Sth, Gulf States (MAP)
panther n A1 (pronc) • scattered, but more freq Appalachians, Inland Sth (MAP)
pee-jib n • esp S Atl, Inland Sth (MAP)
polish up v phr • scattered, but esp Inland Sth, W Midl; also NEast (MAP)
*saw wood v phr • widespread, but less freq S Atl, Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
*shooter n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
slinging statues n • scattered, but esp Inland Sth, PA (MAP)
*spook n 1 • scattered exc Inland Sth (MAP and Map Section)
stick bean n • esp Inland Sth, AR (MAP)
storm house n 2 • chiefly Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
stump water n 1b • chiefly Inland Sth, sAppalachians (MAP)
tassel fly n • esp Inland Sth
turner n2 • chiefly Inland Sth, GA
water guinea (hen) n • Inland Sth, esp KY
willow fly n 1 • chiefly Inland Sth, IL
intrusive; intrusion
agnate n • [agate + intrusive n]
bachelder n • [bachelor, with intrusive d]
berantled adj • [berattled + intrusive n]
breakfast n • with intrusive r, breakferst, breckfrust
catty-strangling adv • [Alter of cater- + (perh) straggling with intrusive n]
cease v2 (pronc) • Pret and ppl forms ceasded, ceasted result from pronc of cease as |sist|, whether by phonetic intrusion of t
Chicago n • less freq with intrusive r
cold iron n • [Alter of coal iron + intrusive d]
comport n • [compote + intrusive r]
fiduddle v • [Perh fiddle + intrusive syll]
nerk up v phr • [Perh knock with intrusive r]
swurge v • [surge + intrusive w..]
oogruk n • [Inupiaq ugruk]
ulu n2 • [Inupiaq ulu; other Alaskan Eskimo langs have cognate words; see 1991 Tabbert Dict. Alaskan Engl.]
dagwood n • scattered, but esp MN, IA, CO (MAP)
grinnie n 2 • esp IA
kittenball n • IA, MN, WI
letter n 3 • Dutch settlement areas, esp NJ, IA
loose-meat sandwich n • esp IA
maintainer n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, esp IA, MO (MAP)
parking n 2a • chiefly NW, Plains States, IA; also N Cent, sCA (MAP)
side pork n • chiefly Inland Nth, IA (MAP)
sponge mushroom n • chiefly N Cent, IA (MAP)
squinny n2 • IA
storm cave n • esp Plains States, IA (MAP)
tavern n • chiefly nwIA, seSD
tennie n • scattered, but chiefly wGt Lakes, IA, West exc NW (MAP)
trustee n • IL, IA, OH, WI
whooee exclam 2 • widespread exc NEast; most freq Midl, esp IA, IL, IN (MAP)
Ireland; Irish
and conj B4 • [Perh orig an Irish or Scots locution..]
anymore adv • [EDD, OEDS, 1898➝ with earliest ex from nIreland..] (MAP)
ballyhack n • [..perh Ir baile town, village + hack, heck hell]
betimes adv • [..cf EDD betimes adv.2, Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
b’hoy n • [Representing Irish pronc of boy]
bollicky adj, adv • [Prob orig Ir Engl from ballock testicle + -y]
bonnyclabber n • [Ir bainne clabair thick sour milk]
budge n1 2 • [EDD budge sb.3 3 “Ir.”]
chay v • [Ir; cf EDD chay, intj..]
choo intj • [..Engl choo..(Ir & E Midl of Engl)..]
clatty adj • [Scots, Ir, and nEngl dial; cf EDD, SND]
clew n1 • [Scots, Ir, and nEngl dial; cf EDD]
clod v 1 • [Also in Scots, Ir and Engl dial..]
coach-abower n • [Ir; see EDD]
colcannon n • [IrGael cāl ceannan white-headed cabbage]
cork n3 • [From Cork county in Ireland]
Corkonian n • [Cork county in Ireland]
cowhanded adj • [cow alter of car left-handed, awkward; from Gael and Ir cearr..]
dinge n2 • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
dogan n • [Perh from the Irish surname Dogan..]
dornick n • [Ir dornōg..]
doup-end n • [..Ir..doup bottom end (of an egg, candle, the human body, etc)]
drib n • [..in Engl, Scots, Ir dial] (MAP)
drought n A5 (pronc) • [Scots, nIr dial]
dudeen n • [IrGael dūidīn, dimin of dūd pipe]
dugan’s dew n • [Perh from Dugan, an Ir surname + dew alcoholic beverage]
dull n, v2 • [Cf EDD dull sb. “Irel. A horse-hair noose or snare for catching trout” < Ir Gael dol, dul a loop, snare]
Far-down n • esp in areas of Irish settlement
feeze n, v • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial, from ME fesen to drive off, frighten]
flitterjig n • [Ir dial, usu in phr to flitterjigs to pieces]
fornent prep • [Scots, nEngl, and Ir dial]
furrow horse n • [Cf..Scots, nIr dial fur-horse]
gaily adj • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial; see EDD (at gaily) and SND (at geylies)]
glass n • [The change of gl > dl by assimilation is common in Engl (but not Scots or Ir) dial..]
gump n1 1 • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial]
gumption n • [Scots, Ir, Engl dial]
gumptious adj 1 • [Scots, Ir, Engl dial]
gype n • [Scots, Ir dial; cf EDD gype v. and sb. 3]
hipple adj • [Cf Scots, Ir, nEngl dial hipple to limp]
hogo n1 • [Engl, IrEngl dial < Fr haut gôut..]
infare n • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial; cf EDD, SND]
jabble v • [Prob Scots, Ir, nEngl dial jabble to agitate..a liquid; cf EDD jabble sb.1 6..]
jack bite n • [Prob folk-etym for Scots, Ir, nEngl dial chack a snack + bite]
jag v1 • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
killick n • [..Cf also Ir cailleach..]
kitchen n2 • [Perh < Scots, Engl, Ir dial kinch..]
lavins n pl • [Ir dial var of leavings..]
lose v A1 • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial loss, swEngl dial lost]
losset n • [Obs Ir, nEngl dial < Ir losad kneading-trough]
marching around the levee n • [..but an Ir version begins “Marching round the ladies”..]
Mick n • [..perh also in ref to the Mc of many Irish surnames]
motte n • [..introduced by Irish immigrants..] (MAP)
nary adj • [Engl, Ir dial forms of never a (EDD at never a, never a one)..]
need v 2 • [Prob of Scots, nIr origin; cf SND need v. 4, 1923 ➝]
nervish adj • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial; cf EDD]
nicker n1, v • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial] (MAP and Map Section)
of prep C4 • [..may be from Scots, nIr dial; cf..EDD of prep. 14] (MAP)
omadhaun n • [OED 1818 ➝; < Ir amadan fool]
out adv B3 • [Ir dial]
pernickety adj • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial..]
pet n 2 • [Scots, Ir dial pet(day)..]
pick n1 • [Scots, nIr dial <..dial var of pique]
pickety hop n • [Perh rel to Scots, Ir dial pickie(s) hopscotch]
piece n 8 • [Scots, Ir, Engl dial] (MAP)
piney rose n • [Cf Scots, nIr peony- rose..]
poor mouth n • [Scots, nIr dial]
poss v • [Scots, nEngl, Ir dial poss, pous]
pratie n • [Ir dial var of potato]
preaching n • [Scots, nIr dial]
ranny n • [Cf Ir dial ranny a thin or stunted person or animal]
redding comb n • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial..]
reel-footed adj • [Scots, Ir dial]
ree-rye n • [Prob var of nIr dial ree-raw; cf EDD, SND reel rall]
residenter n • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial]
ruction n • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial, cf EDD..]
rue v • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial]
scoot v 1 • [Scots, nEngl, nIr dial scoot, scout]
scope n • [Ir dial;..EDD scope sb.1 2]
several adj, n, pron B • [Scots, Ir; cf EDD, Concise Ulster Dict.]
shaw n • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial;..EDD shaw sb.1 1]
shebang n • [Prob var of Ir dial shebeen unlicensed drinking place, still-cabin]
singletree n • [..Perh of nIr origin..] (MAP)
skeller-eyed adj • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial..]
slope v • [Prob from Scots, nEngl, nIr dial slope to trick, cheat, evade..]
sloven n • [Of eCanadian origin < Ir sleamhnán sledge]
slut n 1 • [Engl, nIr dial..]
smather v • [Ir dial < IrGael smeadar to smear, daub]
snool n • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
sook exclam • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial as a call to calves..] (MAP)
sour milk n • [nEngl,..Ir dial; cf EDD sour adj. 1.(18)..]
square around v phr • [nIr dial; see EDD at square v. 10.(5)]
stagger n 1 • [Also attested from nIr, though US evidence is earlier]
stay v 1 • [Scots, nIr dial]
stirabout n 1 • [Orig Anglo-Ir]
stob n • [..nEngl, Scots, nIr dial]
stog v • [chiefly Scots, nIr dial]
streel n • [Ir dial; cf DNE, DPEIE]
striffen n • [Scots, nIr dial; prob < Scots Gael..]
stripper n 1 • [Brit dial, esp nIr]
such adj, adv, pron • [Cf EDD for Scots, Ir, Engl dial forms]
sugan n • [Ir, Scots Engl suggan (< Ir, Scots Gael súgán)...]
swither n • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
tell v B2b • [nScots, nIr, and swEngl dial]
tell v B2c • [EDD cites a single Ir ex of towlt.]
them-uns pron • [Scots, nIr dial; cf SND them yins (at yin pron. 3)]
thereaway(s) adv • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
thole v • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
throng adj • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
throughother adv, adj, n • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial throughother, throughither..]
throw v B1e • [Ir dial threwn, thrun, which appear freq as past and past pple, and occas as present, of thrown in 19th-cent representations of Ir Engl]
till prep B1 • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial]
to prep B4 • [Scots, nIr dial; cf SND tae prep. 6.(4).(i), EDD to prep. 4]
touchous adj 1 • [Ir, nEngl dial] (MAP)
turkey n B2 • [Perh from Ir torc pig, boar]
turn v C5 • [Scots, nIr dial turn the wild cat..to turn head over heels]
upcast v • [nEngl, Scots, Ir dial]
us-uns pron • [Scots, nIr dial; cf SND us yins (at yin pron. 3)]
vaunty adj • [Scots, nIr dial]
wallink n • [Scots, nEng, Ir dial wellink, wallink ..]
want v1 C1 • [..this constr..occurs..chiefly among Scots and Anglo-Irish writers.]
want v1 C2 • [Scots, nIr dial..]
want v1 C3 • [Prob of Scots, nIr orig..]
wattle n1 • [Scots, nEngl, nIr dial]
weather gall n • [nEngl, Scots, nIr dial]
weed n • [Scots, Ir dial]
whang n1 • [Brit, esp Scots, nIr, dial var of thong]
whang n3 • [nIr dial (1996 Concise Ulster Dict. whang n.2 1 ``a `tang': a rancid taste in milk or butter'')..]
what pron 3 • [nIr dial]
what-all pron 1a • [Scots, nIr dial]
where-all adv • [Prob..Scots, nIr dial..]
whim-wham for a goose('s) bridle n • [Scots, nIr dial; cf EDD whim-wham 9.(3)]
whistlewood n • [Scots, nIr dial]
white-haired boy n • [Ir dial < Ir bán white, fair, beloved]
widowman n • [Engl, Scots, nIr dial] (MAP)
widow woman n 1 • [Engl, Scots, nIr dial] (MAP)
wizzen n • [Chiefly nEngl, Scots, nIr varr of weasand; cf EDD weasand..]
yourns pron 1 • [Pronc-spp for your ones, of nIr origin; cf Concise Ulster Dict. your yins, your uns, your'n's..]
youse pron • [Ir dial; EDD yees, yous]
you-uns pron1 • [Scots, nIr dial you-ones, you-uns, you yins]
Ireland, Ulster See Ulster
Irish Gaelic See Gaelic
ironic; ironically
allow v 1 • [..perh because of ironic use..]
Andy Gump chin n • ironically
Beulah land n • also used ironically
big church n • ironic
captain n B2 • An unofficial title of respect, sometimes used humorously or ironically
chickadee n1 2 • also used ironically
chief cook and bottle wash(er) n • used as an ironic title for one in a menial position
colonel n B1 • Used as an unofficial title of respect, sometimes applied..ironically
do a thing to, not to v phr • used ironically in threats
el cabbagio n • [Perh because the Cuban-like name ironically suggests high quality]
finest kind n, adj phr, adv • also used ironically
good old boy n • also used ironically
hen’s tooth n 2 • [Error for or ironic var of clean as a hound’s tooth]
high adj B7 • often used ironically
honey n 6 • used ironically
Irish mail n • [Prob ironic ref to mail a (usu fast) conveyance for transporting mail]
little n C1 • Used ironically with a superlative adj or adv
-ma- infix • in "nonsense" words, often with jocular, ironic, or derisive force
major n 1 • sometimes applied joc or ironically
sooner n2 • [Ironic reinterpretation of sooner n1 1..]
Spanish adj 2 • in var ironic combs
wuxtra n • now usu to express ironic excitement about an announcement
dowitcher n • [Iroquoian..]
Island Carib See Carib
bocce n • [From Ital boccia ball]
capish v • [Ital capisci < capire..]
calzone n • [Ital calzoni..]
cioppino n • [Ital]
Jerusalem artichoke n • [..ult folk-etym for Ital girasole]
mauger adj • [..Ital, Port, Span magro]
pasta fazool n • [From a dialect var of Ital pasta e fagioli ..]
polenta n • [Ital..] (MAP)
skeeve v • [Ital schifare to disgust, schifarsi to be disgusted]
spiedi(e) n • [Ital spiedo a spit]
vino n • [Span, Ital] (MAP)
wallio n • [sItal dial (g)uaglio vocative of (g)uaglione boy, fellow]
wandi(e) n • [sItal dial < guanti pl of guanto a small pastry]
white liver n • [..cf Fr foie blanc, Ital fegato bianco, Ger weisse Leber..]
wop n1 • [Ital dial guappo ruffian]
J
Jamaican; Dictionary of Jamaican English
accoutrements n pl • [..cf DJE kruchument..]
advantage v • [Cf DJE advantage in same sense]
again adv B1 • [Cf DJE again 1..]
alligator apple n • [..DJE 1756➝]
alligator pear n • [DJE 1696➝]
and them conj phr • [Cf DJE an’ dem]
apple banana n • [..cf DJE]
assen around v phr • [..cf DJE fishening, icening..]
back back v phr • Cf DJE
backways adv • Cf DJE
banjo n • For hist development and addit spp see..DJE
bean day n 1 • Cf DJE Banian Day
beard n B2 • [..cf DJE corn-mouth]
before-day n • Cf DJE (MAP)
be-shame’ bush n • [..cf..DJE shamer]
big-eye adj 1 • Cf DJE
blow v2 • Cf DJE
blue hole n • Cf DJE
boo boo n1 • [..cf DJE bubu]
brinjer n 2 • [Cf DJE brinjah]
broadus n • [..= Caribbean creole braata (see DJE)..]
buck v4 • Cf..DJE buck 5
buckra n • [..cf DJE backra 1688➝]
bumba n • [Cf DJE bumbo the buttocks]
bungo n • Cf DJE bungay
buzzard-blow-’e-nose n • Cf DJE John-Crow (Blow-) Nose
by conj • [Cf DJE by conj 2]
cala n1 • Cf DJE ackra
caouane n • [..Cf..DJE kaiwaama]
catch v B13 • Cf DJE catch 7
caterpillar n B2 • [..cf DJE]
chill-grass n • [..cf DJE fever grass]
chizzywink n • [..cf..DJE merrywing mosquito..]
choice v B • Cf DJE
chunky pipe n • Cf DJE junka(-pipe)
chupid adj • Cf DJE
church mother n • Cf DJE mother
cloy v • Cf DJE cly
clucking hen n 2 • [DJE 1679➝]
cocktail n • [..see also DJE cock-crow]
coonah n • [..cf DJE John Canoe..]
corn n B5 • Note: also in Caribbean; see DJE
crazy ant n • Cf DJE mad-ants
crocus sack n • Cf..DJE (MAP)
cubbitch adj • [From covetous; DJE 1862➝]
cubbitch adj 2 • [Cf DJE cubbitch-hole..]
cuffy n • Cf DJE
cut-eye n, v • [..Cf..Jamaican..cut-eye..]
dash away v phr • [..cf DJE dash vb 1 “In common use in Jamaica..”]
day clean n • Cf DJE
day-day intj, n • Cf DJE
de-de phr • [..cf..DJE de3, di-de]
deh adv • [..cf DJE de1]
dirt-eater n 1 • Cf DJE, DBE dirt-eating
do v C7 • Cf..DJE do v2 l
doctor shop n • Cf DJE, DBE
dog snapper n • Cf DJE dog-teeth snapper
duckinmallard n • [..cf DJE dokantiil]
duh prep • Cf DJE da2
duh v • Cf DJE da3,4,5, de3,4
duppy n • Cf DJE, DBE
eh-eh intj • Cf DJE e-e
essence n 2 • Cf DJE balm oil, oil of —
exodus oil n • Cf DJE oil of _______
exwantidge n • Cf DJE egvaantij
falling palate n • Cf DJE come down
fe intj • [Twi f a challenge to fight; cf DJE fe]
fire v C9 • [DJE 1828➝]
flash v 1 • Cf DJE
flower fence n • Cf DJE
follow-me-boy oil n • Cf DJE oil of —
foo-foo n1 • Cf DJE, DBE
foot n C2 • Cf DJE
for prep B2 • [..cf DJE fi3, DBE for.]
friend n 1 • Cf DJE
friend with v phr • Cf DJE friend v
fuh v • [Prob Afr..; cf DJE fi particle introd infin3 2]
full v 2 • [EDD 1641➝; DJE 1797➝]
gallop v • (cf Jamaican creole interpretation of develop as devel up..)
gaulding n • Cf DJE gaulin
God’s adj • Cf DJE God
goomer v • [..cf DJE guma the plant Solanum nigrum, used in root medicine]
grainkind n • Cf DJE breadkind
ground dove n • [DJE 1679➝]
grunt n 1 • [..DJE 1679➝]
guma n2 • Cf DJE
hamlet n • [..cf DJE]
hear v A1b • [Cf.. DJE yerry]
heety-hoty tree n • Cf DJE iitiuoti
hicatee n • [DJE 1698-1873]
hi-yi exclam3 • [Cf DJE aye]
hog crawl n • Cf DJE pig crawl
hog gum n • [..DJE a1726➝..]
hoodoo n 1e • [Cf DJE hootiah sb dial..]
horsebean n 4 • [DJE 1696➝]
hungry n B • [Cf DJE, DBE]
hurt v • [..cf also DJE hat1]
icening n • [..cf..DBE, DJE]
inkberry n 3 • [DJE 1864 ➝]
jawbone n 1 • Cf DJE 1837 ➝, DBE
Jerusalem thorn n • [DJE 1756 ➝]
jester n • [..cf..DJE digester, jesta]
John Canoe n • [..cf DJE, 1774 ➝..]
john crow n • [DJE 1826 ➝]
John Mariggle n 1 • [DJE 1892 ➝]
joog v • [Prob of Afr origin (cf DJE juk, DBE jook)..]
juba n • [Perh Afr; cf DJE Juba..]
Junefish n • [DJE 1873 ➝]
junky adj • Cf DNE, DJE, SND
ki intj • Cf DJE
lab one’s mouth v phr • [..cf also DJE laba, labrish to chatter]
lick v B1 • Cf DJE
little more and(, a) adv phr • [Cf DJE quot 1839 at little most..]
locustberry n • [DJE 1727 ➝ for Byrsonima coriacea]
long mouth n • Cf DJE long out one’s mouth (at long out)
lukkuh prep, conj • [..cf DJE A8..and laka]
make v1 D21 • Cf DJE mikies
malawu n • Cf DJE
man n C2 • [..cf DJE..]
mangrow n • [..DJE mangrow]
mannersable adj • Cf DJE
mannersly adj • Cf..DJE
mannish adj • Cf DJE
margaret grunt n • [..DJE 1892 ➝]
maringouin n • Cf DJE merrywing
me adj a • [Cf DBE, DJE]
nana n2 • Cf DJE
nyam v • [..cf DBE, DJE]
old joe n • [Cf DJE old Joe the pelican]
old-man’s-beard n 1 • [DJE 1696 ➝]
one adv C1 • Cf DJE
one indef art D • Cf DBE, DJE
one-one adv, adj, n • Cf DBE, DJE
onetime adv • Cf DJE, DBE
out v C3 • Cf..DJE (MAP)
overlook v • Cf DJE overlook vb2
oyster crab n • [DJE 1756 for Pinnotheres geddesi]
oyster plant n 3 • [DJE 1811 ➝]
pigeon pea n 1 • [DJE 1696 ➝]
pine n 2 • [DJE 1657 ➝]
piramidig n • [DJE 1847]
rain seed n • Cf..DJE
red pea n • [DJE 1727 ➝]
say conj • [From any of several W Afr languages;..cf DBE say, DJE se]
shame brier n • DJE shamer
shoo-shoo v • [Cf DJE susu “To..speak ill.”]
snowball n 7 • Cf.. DJE snowball
soon adj 2 • Cf DJE suun-man
suck-teeth n • [Cf DJE, DCEU]
too adv • Cf DJE
ugly adj, adv, n • Cf DBE (at ogly), DJE
ugly n D1a • [This proverb appears to be widespread in the Caribbean: cf DCEU, DJE (1803 ➝).]
una pron • [W Afr; cf Igbo unu you (pl); cf also DJE unu, DBE ona]
what make (so) adv phr • Cf DJE wa mek
what side adv phr • Cf DBE, DJE (at what side), DCEU (at wisside)
wild pine n • [DJE 1696 ➝; see quot 1828]
yard child n 1 • [Cf DJE yard-child ``A child who lives in the household of its father'']
ae adv • [Haw, prob infl by Engl aye, Japanese hai yes]
alphabet n • [Calque from Japanese or Korean..]
arigato intj • [Japanese]
atsui adj • [Japanese]
bango n • [Japanese bango number]
chi-chi n • [Japanese chichi milk; the breast]
daikon n • [Japanese]
gohan n • [Japanese]
ichiban adj • [Japanese]
kamaboko n • [Japanese kamaboko]
kudzu n • [Japanese kuzu]
mama-san n • [mamma n1 1 + Japanese san worthy]
sashimi n • [Japanese..]
shishi n • [Japanese shishi a child’s word for urine]
skibby n • [Perh Japanese sukebei lewdness..]
sushi n • [Japanese; OED2 1893 ➝]
tabi n • [Japanese]
zori n • [Japanese zori (sg and pl)..]
already adv B2 • chiefly in Jewish and Ger settlement areas
alter kocker n • NYC and other Jewish settlement areas
bialy n • chiefly in Jewish settlement areas
dreck n • urban, chiefly in Jewish and German settlement areas
dreidel n • in Jewish communities
enjoy v B2 • esp in Jewish communities
farblonjet adj • in Jewish communities
faygeleh n • in Jewish communities
flanken n • esp in Jewish communities
holishkes n pl • among speakers of Jewish or Eastern European background
kishke n • esp among speakers of Jewish background
knackwurst n • esp in Ger and Jewish settlement areas
krex v • esp in Ger, PaGer, and Jewish settlement areas
kvetch v • esp in Jewish settlement areas
latke n • chiefly in Jewish settlement areas
take v B6 • esp freq among Jewish speakers
jocular; jocularly; jocose; joking; also humorous; humorously
absotoot(e)ly adv • humorous
absquatulate v • formerly widespread, now old-fash; joc
acknowledge the corn v phr • old-fash, joc
Adam n 2 • In humorous phrr
Adam’s ale n • joc
adz v • humorous
African dominoes n pl • joc
African golf n • joc
afternoon farmer n • joc
agitate up a storm v phr • joc
agreeable adj A • ?joc
agree to disagree v phr 2 • esp freq among women, joc
agropelter n • joc
ainna interrog exclam • somewhat old-fash, occas joc
air, go by v phr • joc
air hook n • joc
airjammer n • joc
Alabama wool n • joc
Alaska turkey n • joc
Albany beef n • joc; now hist
alfalfa n B1 • joc
alfalfa n B2 • joc
alibi day n • joc
all-and-all n • joc
allee samee adv phr • joc
alley apple n • joc
alligator n1 B7 • used as a humorous nickname.
alphabet slinger n • joc
ambleshoot n • joc
ambulance n (pronc) • occas, perh for humorous effect, metath |ˈæmbliən(t)s, –æn(t)s|, or syncopated |ˈæm(b)lɪns, -əns|
Amish golf n • joc
animule n • joc
anchor (and chain) n • joc
anchor brand strawberry n • joc
anchored adj • joc
angeliferous adj • [angel + iferous humorous adj-forming suff popular in 19th cent..]
animal n (pronc) • often humorously |ˈænəˌmaɪl, ˈænəˌmjul|
animal car n • joc
anoint v B • joc
antiques and horribles n pl • [Humorous var of ancients and honorables]
ant killers n pl • joc
ape n 2 • joc
ape wagon n • joc
appendix n • joc
apple n 4 • joc
apple-blossom two-step n • joc
apple turnover n • joc
Arab n (pronc) • esp in humorous use and non-std senses, |ˈeɪ̩ræb|
arichtocrat n • joc
Arizona cloudburst n • joc
Arizona nightingale n • joc
Arizona paint job n • joc
Arizona tenor n • joc
ark n 4 • joc
ark n 5 • In humorous phrr alluding to the era of Noah’s ark
Arkansas asphalt n • joc
Arkansas chicken n • joc
Arkansas dew n • joc
Arkansas fire extinguisher n • joc
Arkansas lizard n • joc
Arkansas T-bone n • joc
Arkansas toothpick n • joc
Arkansas traveler n 1 • joc
Arkansas travels n • joc
Arkansas water n • joc
Arkansas wedding cake n • joc
armstrong adj • joc
Armstrong heater n • joc
Arthur’s office n • joc
artillery n 1 • joc
artillery n 2 • joc
ash can n 4 • joc
ash-eater n • joc
asparagus n (pronc) • occas joc
asphalt arab n • humorous or derog
ass deep adj phr • In var humorous phrr
ass-kicker n • joc
Astorbilt n • joc
at prep 4 • informal, occas joc or for emphasis
augerino n • joc
August ham n • joc
Aunt Jane’s room n • joc, euphem
ax-handle n 1 • often joc
ax-handle n 2 • joc
axle-grease n • joc
Aztec two-step n • joc
baby bumpers n pl • joc
baby button n • joc
baby-snatcher n • joc
bachelor’s wife n • ?joc
backdoor trot n • joc
backlog n 2 • joc
back of the lap n • joc or euphem
back porch n • joc
backside of nowhere n • joc
back teeth are floating phr • joc
backwater n 2 • joc
backwoodser n • often joc
backwoods jockey n • joc
badger n 4 • joc
baggy n • joc
bald-headed row n • joc
bale of hay n 2 • joc
ballast n 2 • joc
balsam steak n • joc
bapsouse v • joc
barber-pole paint n • joc
bar-dog n • joc
barge n 4 • joc
barking dogs n pl • joc
barleycorn sprints n • joc
barn boss n 2 • joc
barn door n 2b • joc
barnyard golf n • joc
barnyard salad n • joc
bass-ackward(s) adv, adj • esp among men; joc or euphem
bayao n 2 • joc, but sometimes taken as derog
bazoo n 1 • joc or derog
beefsteak n 3 • [Prob joc alter of mistake]
beeswax n 1 • [Joc alter of business]
belly pad n • joc
belly robber n • joc
berumpus n • joc
besetter n • joc
birch n • euphem, joc
bird dog n • [Perh joc alter of buttock]
bird tongue n • joc
biscuit n B2 • joc
biscuit n B7 • joc
biscuit getter n • joc
biscuit hooks n pl • joc
biter n 2 • joc
bitter half n • joc
blab n 1 • joc, sometimes derog
blabberskite n • joc, sometimes derog
blab-fest n • joc
blackassed pea n • joc
blade n 4 • joc
blanket n 3 • joc
blanket n 4 • joc
block and tackle n • joc
blood medicine n • joc
blow Z’s v phr • joc
blue room n • joc
blunderbus n • joc
boarding house n • joc
bogtrotter n 3 • joc, sometimes derog
bohunkus n 1 • joc, euphem
boiled owl n • humorous
boil pricker n • joc
bombazine n • joc
bombosity n • joc
bonaparte n 2 • joc
bone n 2 • joc
bone n 3 • joc
bone orchard n • humorous
boocoodles n • joc
boo-dock n • joc euphem
boody n 2 • joc
boot hill n • joc
boot hill two-step n • joc
Borden’s and Elsie’s n pl • joc
bore for the simples v phr • joc
Boston dollar n • joc
Boston screwdriver n • joc
bottom v 2 • joc
bowling alley n • joc
box, off one’s adj phr • joc, sometimes derog
box with five nails n • joc
boy n 3 • joc
brain box n • joc
bread cutter n • joc
bread hooks n pl • joc
brogan n 2 • joc
B.T.M. n • joc
bubblegum machine n • joc
bubble gun n • joc
bug n1 8 • used in jocular place-names
bull fuck n • joc
bull’s breakfast n • joc
bumberella n • [Humorous alter of umbrella]
bung cloth n • joc
burg n • sometimes humorous or disparaging (MAP)
burn v B6 • among Black speakers; joc
burn one’s foot v phr • joc
bury patch n • joc
bush bacon n • joc
bushwhack v 5 • joc
butter bean n 3 • joc
buttinsky n 2 • joc
buttonhole n • joc
buy a piece of the ground v phr • joc
cabbage n B4 • Used in jocular or derisive nicknames for German settlement areas
cackleberry n • humorous
cacklebird n • humorous
calaboose n • informal, often humorous (MAP)
calf-slobber(s) n • joc
California blanket n • joc
California peacock n • joc
California prayer book n • joc
camp inspector n • joc
canal boat n • joc (MAP)
can’t-help-it n • joc
Cape Ann turkey n • joc
Cape Cod clergyman n • joc ?obs
Cape Cod protection n • joc obs
Cape Cod turkey n • joc
capon egg n • joc
captain n B2 • An unofficial title of respect, sometimes used humorously or ironically
carcass n • joc
Carolina racehorse n • joc
cat beer n • humorous
cat-gut scraper n • joc
cemetery n • joc forms cement-tary, cement tree
chambermaid n 1 • joc
cherry picker n 1 • joc
chicken-eater n 2 • esp among Black speakers; humorous
chic sale(s) n • somewhat old-fash, joc (MAP)
china n B2 • joc
Chinese grits n • joc
choke a horse v phr • joc
choker hole n 2 • joc
chomper n 2 • humorous
chop suey n • humorous
chop wood v phr 1 • joc
Christmas tree n 1 • joc
chuck-wagon chicken n • joc
Cincinnati n B1 • joc
city jake n • [Joc alter of country jake..]
city squash n • joc
clam digger n 2 • joc
clam gun n • joc
clickers n pl • joc
clipper n 4 • joc
coal-scuttle blond n • joc
coals, rake up the v phr • joc
cob n2 4d • joc
cob-floater n • joc
cockroach killer n • joc
codger n 5 • joc
coffee-strainer n • joc
coffin varnish n • joc
cold shut n 2 • joc
collar and hames n • joc
college n B2 • joc
colonel n B1 • Used as an unofficial title of respect, sometimes applied joc
Colorado mockingbird n • joc
Columbia River turkey n • joc
coming-out pants n • [In humorous ref to coming-out a social debut]
compressed hay n • joc
conflab n 2 • sometimes joc
conk n1 1 • joc
conk n1 2 • joc
Connecticut mile n • joc
Connecticut River pork n • joc
constabule n • joc
cookie n1 3 • joc, euphem (MAP)
cookie pusher n • joc
cook turnips v phr • joc
coonass pistol n • joc
cooter n 6 • joc
cootie cage n • joc
cootie garage n • joc
cordwood n • joc
cork-legged limited n • joc
corn bread consumption n • joc
corn sheller n • joc
corporosity n • joc, old-fash
cougar den n • joc
cougar milk n • joc
county hotel n • joc
courting apple n • joc
cousin n 2 • joc
cove juice n • joc
cover the waterfront v phr 2 • joc
cowboy pen n • joc
cow grease n • joc
cow-kicked, I’ll be exclam • often joc
cow’s husband n • euphem or joc
crack corn v phr • joc
cranberry pusher n • joc
crawling company n • joc
crescent n • joc
crib n1 3 • joc
crimson rambler n • joc
critter n B3 • jocose
crossbar hotel n • joc
crowbar hotel n • joc
crow’s nest n 6 • joc
crumb crusher n • esp among Black speakers; joc
crumb snatcher n 2 • joc
Cuban itch n • joc
curbstone-setter n • joc
cushion n B2 • joc
cut cabbage v phr • [Humorous substitute for cut capers]
cut the alkali in one’s drinking water v phr • joc
dance in the hog trough v phr • often used as a joc threat
d.d.t.’s n pl • [Joc var of d.t.’s delirium tremens]
death stick n • joc
decorate the pot v phr • joc
deep sea turkey n • joc
dental box n • joc
dentals n pl • joc
Derryfield beef n • joc
desert canary n • [In joc allusion to its loud bray]
diaper dragon n • joc
diasticutis n • joc
diffucalty n • joc
digger n 3 • joc
dike jumper n • joc
dingbat n 3 • usu joc
dingmaul n • appar from its use in joc threats
dining-room lumber n • joc
dinners n pl • euphem, joc
discombobulate v • joc
discombobulation n • joc
discomgollifusticated ppl adj • [Pseudo-Lat humorous formation]
discumgalligumfricated ppl adj • [Pseudo-Lat humorous formation]
dishwater diarrhea n • joc, old-fash
distracted ppl adj 1 • joc
dive bomber n • joc
Dixie bacon n • joc
dog bones n pl • joc
dogcatcher n 2 • joc
doghouse n 7 • joc
dog nut n • joc
dog’s egg n • joc
dog turd n • joc
doily n B2 • joc
do-it fluid n • joc
dollhouse n • joc
dome n 2 • joc
donkey dust n • joc
do-not n • joc
dooley n 2 • joc
doorknob n • joc
do-right boy n • joc
double and twist v phr 1 • [Joc extension of double v 4a]
double-eyes n pl • joc
double guts n • joc
dough beater n • joc
down cellar adv phr b • Used in joc evasive expressions
dressed up like a sore thumb adj phr • joc
drillmaster n • joc
dropsy n1 • joc
dry clean Methodist n • [Joc ref to the method of baptism]
Dutch milk n • joc
Dutch nightingale n • joc
ears lowered, get one’s v phr • joc
earth juice n • joc
earth mover n • joc
Easter egg n • joc
Easter lily n 5 • joc
educate v Bc • In facetious and humorous combs
eh interrog exclam • often joc (MAP)
eight-dollar bill n • joc
elbow bending n • joc
elbow grease n • joc
el cabbagio n • joc
elephant n 2 • joc
elephant teeth n pl • joc
el ropo n • joc
el stinko n • joc
endgate n 2 • joc
end of nowhere(s) n • joc
engine tamer n • joc
English n 1 • joc
English monkey n • [Prob humorous var of Welsh rabbit]
epizeema n • joc
epsom salts n • joc
-eroo suff • joc
erysipelas n B • joc
essence peddler n • joc
Ethiopian paradise n • [Joc alter of nigger heaven]
ex- pref • Used to form joc or fanciful vogue-words
exalted ppl adj B • joc
exflunct v • [A humorously extravagant quasi-Latin elaboration of flunk to fail]
extract of hammer handle n • joc
face hurts, one’s phr • joc
fade v 2 • joc, euphem
fall off the roof v phr • joc, euphem
fall out of one’s cradle v phr • Used in joc phrr
fatal step, take the v phr • joc
feather bed n 6 • joc
feel good v phr • joc, euphem
fence post n 1 • joc
fence post n 2 • joc
Ferdinand n • joc or euphem
fiancé n • joc varr finance, financy
fiddle case n • joc
fifth wheel n • joc
filibuster n • joc
filly n 2 • joc, euphem
fire insurance Christian n • joc
first reader n • joc
fish-eater n • derog or joc (MAP)
fish for love v phr • joc
fishing weed n • joc
five-toed shoe n • joc
flat n1 1e • Used as a joc or derog nickname for a town or district
fleabag n 1 • joc or derog
floating kidney n • [Joc application of the term for a displaced kidney..]
floozy n2 • [Prob joc deriv of influenza]
flophouse n 2 • joc
flu-flux n • joc
flying disk n • joc
flytrap n 10 • joc
folderino n • [Perh joc var of folderol]
food choppers n pl • joc
foot burner n • joc
foot evil n 2 • joc
footmobile n • joc
forgettery n • joc
forty-eleven adj • joc
foundation n 1 • joc
fragrant adj • joc, euphem
free gratis adv phr • joc
free hotel n • joc
French dry clean v phr, n • joc
Frenchman from Cork n • joc
fried chicken n • joc
frog spayer n • joc
fruit n 3 • ?joc
funeral clothes n pl • joc
fur piece n1 • joc
gab n1 • joc (MAP)
galloping dandruff n • joc or euphem
galloping goose n • joc
gap n1 4 • joc
gap n1 6 • joc
gap-and-swallow n • joc
gape n C1 • [.. prob in joc allusion..]
gaposis n • joc
gapseed n • In joc phrr
garage door is open phr • joc
garbage collector n • joc
gate-lifter n • joc
gatling gun n • [By joc ext from Gatling gun..]
geese poomples n pl • joc
gelding tobacco n • joc
Georgia ham n • joc
Georgia ice cream n • joc
Georgia major n • joc or derog
German goiter n • joc
get-along n • joc
get oneself a cook v phr • joc (MAP)
ghost n B1 • joc
goober corn n • joc
gospel bird n • esp among Black speakers; joc
gospel mill n • joc
grabber n 1 • joc
grabhook n 2 • joc
Grand River tuna n • joc
grapevine n 3 • joc
gravestone n • joc
green-apple quickstep n • joc
greeting n • joc
grinding gravel vbl n • joc
gully jumper n 3 • joc
gunboat n 1 • joc
guppy-gobbler n • joc
hag n 2 • used as a joc or opprobrious nickname
half-moon n 1 • joc, euphem
hang v B2 • joc (MAP)
hardly able fever n • joc
hatch v • joc
hatching jacket n • joc
hat rack n 2 • joc
Hawaiian time n • joc or derog
hayburner n 5 • often joc or derog
heifer n 1a • usu disparaging or joc
hell-snorter n • joc
hen berry n • joc
high sheriff n • usu used as a joc or derog nickname
hind leg, hold one’s v phr • joc
hindside of nowhere n • joc
hinge-jaw n • joc
hippocanarious adj • joc
hit a knot v phr • joc
Hoboken n 1 • joc or derog
hog feed n • often joc or derog
hog herd n • joc
hombre n B2 • occas joc
honeycat n • joc
honker n1 3 • joc
hootamaganzy n • [Joc var of hooded merganser]
horned jackrabbit n • joc
horned rabbit n • joc
hound dog n 2 • usu derog or joc (MAP)
house kitty n • joc
how be you exclam • old-fash, sometimes joc
huckleberry train n • humorous
I-all pron • joc
Idaho rain n • joc
in flew endways n • [Joc varr of influenza]
infoxicated adj • [Joc var of intoxicated, infl by fox v 1]
IQ n • joc
Irish apple n • joc
Irish banjo n • joc
Irish nightingale n • joc
Irish plum n 2 • joc
Irish turkey n • joc
Irish wash n • joc
-itis suff • usu joc
jackpine savage n • joc or derog
jassack n • hence joc jass-ass, jass-onkey
jawbreaker n 1 • joc
jerk v1 C4 • joc
jerkwater adj 1 • joc or derog (MAP)
Jesus H. Christ n • [Prob joc interpretation of IHC, var of IHS, monogram for Jesus]
jimmy cane n • [Prob joc var of hurricane..]
john n 4 • in var combs as a joking word for one’s signature
jump off the deep end v phr • joc
jump the bucket v phr • joc
junker n • usu joc (MAP)
key n 1 • joc
kinnery n • sometimes joc
knowledge bump n • joc
kyoodle n • derog or joc
lady’s monthly journal n • joc, euphem
lap organ n 2 • joc
lassengers n • joc
last chance n 2 • joc
last chance n 3 • joc
library n B2 • joc
liver pad n • joc
livestock n pl • joc
long-ass butterfly n • joc
Longfellow n • [In joc ref to Amer poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–82)]
Lord’s fertilizer n • joc
Lucy Bowles n • joc, euphem (MAP)
lumber n1 2 • joc
lunch hook n • joc
-ma- infix • in "nonsense" words, often with jocular, ironic, or derisive force
Maggie and Jiggs n • joc
Mainiac n • joc
major n 1 • sometimes applied joc or ironically
marble orchard n • joc or euphem
mash frogs v phr • joc
ma’s room n • joc
meat hound n • Used as a derog or joc epithet for a dog
Methodist feet n • joc
Mexican adj B4 • joc or derog
Milwaukee cider n • joc
mitten n • [Prob joc var of mittimus a dismissal..] (MAP)
molar masher n • joc
monkey n1 B6 • [Perh joc var of monthlies..]
Monkey Ward n • joc
Mormon buckskin n • joc or derog
mountain trout n 4 • joc
mow hay v phr • joc
Mr. Astorbilt n • joc
Mrs. Jones n • joc
much o’britches exclam • joc
mud cat n 3 • joc or derog
mud-hen cleaner n • joc
mud hook n • joc
musty adj2 • joc
mutton puncher n • joc
muzzle loader n • joc
Nava-Joe n • [Joc pronc of Navajo]
nervous adj B1 • joc
oakhead n • joc
oatburner n • joc
Old Point Comfort n • joc
one-eyed mabel n • joc
optriculum n • joc
overland trout n • joc
parachute n • joc
pedestrian n • joc
perfume(d) pussy n • joc
petunia n • joc
piss uncle n • [By joc analogy with piss ant..]
P.K. n • [Perh joc abbr for polecat 1 or piss cat]
plant v 1 • joc or euphem
pleasure-bent adj phr • joc
polecat n 4b • joc
pontoon n 2 • joc
poor Sam n • joc
Portuguese n, adj C • Used with derog force in var joc combs
post office n • joc
proboscis n • joc (MAP)
pull v 1b • joc
pulling corn vbl n • joc
Rackensack n • joc
rainberella n • [Joc blend of rain + umbrella]
rain-shaker n • joc
read one’s title(s) clear v phr • [Joc adaptation of the first words of a hymn by Isaac Watts..]
rider boys n • [Joc var of arthritis]
riveter n • joc
rock rancher n • [In joc imitation of compounds like chicken rancher, hay ~ (at rancher)]
Roly Holer n • [Joc metath of Holy Roller] (MAP)
rumpus n • [Joc varr of rump]
sagaciate v • joc
Sambo n1 • often derog or joc
sawbones n 1 • joc or derog
Scandihoovian n, adj • [Joc varr of Scandinavian] (MAP)
Scowegian n • joc or derog
scut n2 • derog or joc
scutter n1 1 • derog or joc
scutter n1 2 • derog or joc
scutter n1 3 • joc
Sears-Roebuck adj 1 • joc
see you in church exclam • joc (MAP)
sewage inspector n • joc
shanty n 6 • [Joc transf of shanty a crudely built shack..]
sheep dip n • joc or derog
sheffi n • [Joc pronc of chef]
shingle weaver n • joc
shirt rabbit n • joc
side by each adv phr • often joc (MAP)
sidehill n 2d • in var joc combs referring to bacon or to illegally killed venison
Siwash n 4 • joc or derog
skip n1 • joc
-sky suff • Used as a joc word-forming suff
snapper n 7 • joc
snipe n 5 • joc
sour belly n • joc
sow coon n 2 • joc
squash n1 B2 • joc
squire n B1 • occas joc
steady adv B2 • joc
step ant n • joc
sticking plaster n • joc
storm windows n pl • joc
stout house n • joc
strawberry n 2 • joc
strawberry n 3 • joc
stumpblower, old n • joc
suffancified adj • used as a humorously exaggerated formula of politeness when refusing food
sugan n • [..Perh..ultimately from a joc comparison of coarse cloth to something made of straw rope..]
sunberella n • [Joc blend of sun + umbrella]
Sunday, look both ways for v phr • also used in var joc expressions to imply that one is cross-eyed
Sunday throat n • joc
susanside n • [Joc var of suicide]
swamp measles n pl • joc
table muscle n • joc
teacups n pl • joc
telephone booth n • joc
ten-gallon hat n • [In humorous ref to its size..]
Tennessee chicken n • Used as a joc..term for some meat other than chicken, esp salt pork
Texas n B2 • attrib in var joc combs
think box n • joc
thunderstick n • joc
tickle box n • joc
tie-ticket n • joc
tikiteet n • [Prob joc alter of tête-à-tête a type of sofa designed to allow two persons to converse face to face]
timber n • joc
timberdoodle n • [Perh humorous or euphem alteration of woodcock..]
tommytoe n • [Joc or folk-etym var of tomato]
tooth carpenter n • usu joc
toothpick n • joc
topknot n 1 • joc
town dude n • Used as a joc or derog name for a city person (MAP)
trick n 3 • joc
trundle-bed trash n 2 • joc
twilight n 1 • [Joc var of Fr pronc of toilet]
uncle n 3 • [By joc analogy with aunt [ænt]]
victual n • old-fash or joc
war department n • joc
whiskey-palian n • [Joc varr of Episcopalian] (MAP)
whiskey tree n 2 • joc
William n • joc
winter potato n • joc
Yankee cotton n • joc
yard-a-night n • joc
K
tschawytscha n • [Russ < Kamchatkan..]
antelope horn(s) n • chiefly KS, OK, TX
bandy n1 • chiefly KS
broomweed n • chiefly KS, OK, TX
buffalo sod n • KS
choc n2 • chiefly OK, TX, KS
doodinkus n • chiefly KS, NE
dugout n 1 • chiefly OK, KS, NE
eversharp n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Upper MW, KS, MO (MAP)
hedge ball n • IL, KS, KY
last couple out n • esp Upper MW, KS (MAP)
Mexican sandburr n • chiefly KS, OK
rock pink n 1 • esp KS, MO
short grass n • esp KS
side line n • esp TX, KS
snake n 3b • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, KS, OK (MAP)
soddy n 1 • chiefly Cent, esp KS, NE
timber squirrel n • esp Upper MW, KS, NE
topsy stove n • chiefly KS, NE
absolute auction n • KY
barking exercise n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
barn martin n • esp KY, MO, TN
bean stringing n • chiefly sAppalachians, esp eKY
beaten biscuit n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp KY, MD, VA (MAP)
betsy bug n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp AR, KY
bettywood n • esp KY
black waterite n • chiefly eKY
bluetail hawk n • esp KY, sIN, NC
bois d’arc n • chiefly TX, LA, OK, AR, TN, KY (MAP)
bourbon ball n • chiefly KY
brier hopper n • OH, TN, KY
bulldog gravy n • KY
burgoo n 2 • esp KY
candy stew n • KY, NC, VA
catalpa n A • esp IL, IN, KY
chicken fight n 1 • chiefly S Midl, esp KY, MD
chughole n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
city sparrow n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY, SC
coffee sack n • chiefly KY
corn drill n • esp KY
corn pudding n • scattered, but esp PA, VA, KY (MAP)
country ham n • chiefly KY, NC, VA
court day n • KY
cowsucker n 2 • esp KY, Delmarva
drat n • esp KY, TN
dry-land fish n • chiefly KY, TN
exercise n B • chiefly KY, TN
fall bean n • eKY, wVA
falling exercise n • chiefly KY
feedway n • KY, VA
fever worm n • chiefly KY
fiddle spider n 1 • scattered, but esp freq KY
funeralizing n • S Midl, esp KY
funk v • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
gaum v1 3 • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
gopher n1 2c • chiefly N Cent, esp KY
gopher n1 6 • KY
go-to-mill n • chiefly IL, KY
grave house n • KY
grocery mix n • esp KY, TN
handkerchief n B • esp KY, TN
hardboot n • esp KY
hate v • KY, TN, Ozarks
hazenut n • esp KY
hedge ball n • IL, KS, KY
hedge orange n • esp KY, OH
hobby n 1 • chiefly eKY, seOH, sWV
hoecake turner n • esp KY
hogback n 3 • eKY
hog jaw n • chiefly TN, KY, AR
homebreaker n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
hope to my die, I exclam • WV, KY
house n B1a • sAppalachians, esp KY, TN
hover n • chiefly sMD, nVA, KY, TN
hunk n1 2 • esp KY, TN
jam cake n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
joeboat n • chiefly Ohio Valley, esp KY (MAP)
jolt wagon n • S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
jump jacket n • S Midl, esp KY
June apple n 1 • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
Kentucky breakfast n • esp KY
Kentucky oysters n pl • esp KY
kitty n 3 • esp KY, MD, VA (MAP)
landside plow n • esp NEng, TN, KY
laying-off plow n • esp KY, TN
leaf n1 B2 • KY
leak n • esp KY
lonesome water(s) n • esp KY
lug n2 1 • chiefly KY, VA
misput v 2 • esp KY
mockingbird n 5 • esp KY
mud martin n • esp KY
nettleweed n • esp KY
newlight n • esp KY
nit fly n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
nubbin n 1 • esp eKY
Old Billy n 2 • KY
oodlins n pl • S Midl, esp KY, TN (MAP)
ooze n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
pike n2 • scattered, but esp OH, PA, KY
plunder n 2b • esp KY, NC
point-blank adv, adj A4 • chiefly sAppalachians, esp eKY
point-blank adv, adj A3 (pronc) • chiefly sAppalachians, esp eKY
post-and-rail fence n • chiefly NJ, Delmarva, WV, KY, OH, scattered NEng (MAP)
pretty-by-night n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY, sOH
rastus n2 • esp KY (MAP)
ridy-bob n • esp KY
rolly-holey n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY rolly-hole
rooster fight n 1 • S Midl, esp KY
round-town n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
seven-year onion n • chiefly KY
Shawnee n • esp KY
sheep mustard n • esp KY
shooting cracker n • PA, OH, MD, KY
skimmings hole n • KY
slip n3 1 • esp KY, OH (MAP)
snatch burr n • KY
snollygoster n 1 • esp MD, KY
splo n • Sth, S Midl, esp KY, TN
spodge v 2 • KY
sprouting hoe n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
stir-off n • chiefly sAppalachians, esp eKY
suck n 2 • esp VA, KY
take v B5 • chiefly Appalachians, esp KY
talpa n • esp KY, TN
tough jack n • esp KY
transparent pudding n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
trash n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
*turn v B1 • widespread, but less freq Lower Missip Valley, nTX, OK, KY (MAP)
turned adj 1 • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
uptrip v • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
wahoo n1 3 • NC, TN, KY, VA
wallink n 2 • S Midl, esp KY
water gap n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp KY
water guinea (hen) n • Inland Sth, esp KY
water maple n c • esp KY, WV
wheedle-dee n • KY
white-eye v 1 • chiefly sAppalachians, esp eKY
white poplar n 2 • chiefly S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
yagger v • esp KY
wickiup n • [In var AmInd langs, e.g., Sac, Fox, and Kickapoo, wikiyap..]
biddy n3 • [Prob coalescence of biddy n1 and beedie of Afr origin, akin to Kongo bidibidi a bird]
pinder n • [Kongo mpinda..] (MAP)
abuji n • [Korean]
ajusi n • [Korean]
alphabet n • [Calque from Japanese or Korean..]
chun n • [Korean]
Yobo n • [Korean yobo used as a familiar, second-person form of address, esp among married couples]
L
fettle n • [By lambdacism..]
frittle n • [By lambdacism from fritter]
halum-scalum adj • [Prob by lambdacism from harum-scarum]
nicker n1, v • by lambdacism nickle (MAP and Map Section)
whicker n1, v • by lambdacism, whickle (MAP)
pulka n • [Lapp pulkke, Finnish pulkka]
Latin; Latinization; Latinized; pseudo-Latin; quasi-Latin
absquatulate v • [Fanciful pseudo-Lat formation]
aggie forti(e)s n • [aqua fortis strong water, the Lat name for nitric acid]
bunkum adj • [..-um perh a pseudo-Latin element as in crinkum-crankum]
coram n1 • [..infl by Lat coram before..]
corporosity n • [Quasi-Lat as if from *corporositas corpulence < Lat corpus body]
diacumbelicum n • [Fanciful pseudo-Lat formation]
diasticutis n • [Pseudo-Latin formation prob based on ass buttocks]
discombobulate v • [A pseudo-Lat concoction..dis-..+ -com.. with + bob..for bobbery confusion +erate/-ulate..]
discomgollifusticated ppl adj • [Pseudo-Lat humorous formation]
discumgalligumfricated ppl adj • [Pseudo-Lat humorous formation]
ell n1 • [..suggesting Lat ala wing..]
exflunct v • [A humorously extravagant quasi-Latin elaboration of flunk to fail]
ferricadouzer n • [Perh..Lat ferri- iron + ca- intensifier (at ker-) + douser a heavy blow (at OED douse v.1)]
flashy adj2 • [..prob ult from Lat flaccus flabby (cf OED flash a.2 2)]
gastakutus n • [Pseudo-Lat..]
goonus n • [Facetious Latinizations of gooney 1]
highbarkalorum n • [..simulating medical Latin]
hightantrabogus n • [Pseudo Latin..]
live water n • [Cf Lat aqua vitae water of life]
maniportia n • [Var of Lat mania a potu] (MAP)
peony n1 1 (pronc) • [..std sp and pronc..re-fashioned on the basis of Lat paeōnia.] (MAP)
peony n1 2 (pronc) • [Prob survival of..proncs..in imitation of the Lat..] (MAP)
re- pref • Used in place of var other prefixes of Latin origin
senna n1 • The Latinized form was earlier sena
sugar diabetes n • [Lat diabetes mellitus sweet diabetes]
victual n • [OED2 1303 ➝; < O Fr vitail(l)e < late Lat victualia...]
wolfbean n • [Calque of Ger..< Lat lupinus appar < Lat lupinus wolfish]
kugeli n • [Lithuanian kugeli potato dish..]
loan; loanword
appola n • [..occas considered an Indian loan..]
broadus n • [..prob from Port barata bargain, a loanword into Afr pidgins or creoles..]
loan translation See calque
Long Island See New York, Long Island
alisier n • chiefly LA
angels’ hair n • LA, TX
arminette n • eLA
armoire n • chiefly LA, MS (MAP)
arpent n • chiefly LA and other French settlement areas
banquette n • sLA, occas eTX
bar n3 • Sth, esp sLA and other Fr settlement areas
barbe espagnole n • chiefly LA
battle n2 • sLA, TX
batture n • Lower Missip Valley, esp sLA
bayou n B1 • chiefly LA (MAP)
bec-a-lance n • LA
bec-croche n • esp LA
bec-scie n • Gulf States, esp LA
beignet n • sLA
blackland n • chiefly TX, OK, AR, LA (MAP)
bogue n 1 • esp LA
bois d’arc n • chiefly TX, LA, OK, AR, TN, KY (MAP)
boogerlee n • chiefly LA
boucherie n • LA
boucherie v • LA
boudin n 2 • chiefly LA
bourré n • LA
brulé n • LA
bull nettle n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Cent, TX, LA (MAP)
bull redfish n • esp LA
butcher calf n • chiefly TX, OK, LA (MAP)
cabine n • LA
Cajun n1 1 • LA
canal n • [.. in LA, Fr canal]
caouane n • chiefly LA
cap-cap n • LA
Catahoula hog dog n • chiefly AR, LA, TX
catalpa n A (pronc) • esp LA
cedar robe n • esp LA, MS
cha-cha-cha intj • LA, TX
chaland n • seLA
channel mullet n • LA
chaoui n • LA
charbon n • chiefly LA
chaunchy adj, adv • sLA
chenier n • chiefly LA
cherook n • chiefly LA
Chinaball n • chiefly LA
chock n1 • chiefly LA
chock-a-la-taw n • LA
chouette n • LA
choupique n • LA
coast n 1a • esp LA
coco grass n • chiefly Sth, esp LA, MS
coffee milk n • LA
congo snake n 2 • LA
coonass n • chiefly LA, seTX (MAP)
cotch n • LA
cottonfish n • LA
cou collier n • LA
couillon n • seLA
coulee n 1a • scattered, but esp LA
coulee n 1b • esp LA
coupe n • LA
court bouillon n • esp LA
cowbelly n • chiefly LA
cowcumber n • scattered, but esp W Midl, LA (MAP)
crabburger n • LA
crawfish bisque n • LA
crawfish boil n • LA
cream cheese n 1 • esp LA (MAP)
creole adj • chiefly LA
creole pony n • LA, TX
cuite n • LA
cypress trout n • chiefly LA
daube n • LA
dirty rice n • sLA
dodo, go v phr • esp LA
dormeur n • esp LA
dos gris n • chiefly LA
drip v B2 • scattered, but esp LA
escalin n • LA
esquif n • LA
étouffée n • chiefly LA
fais-dodo n • sLA
Fat Tuesday n • esp sLA
fâché adj • LA
filé n • LA
floating prairie n • LA
flottant n • sLA
free man of color n • chiefly LA
gaspergou n 1 • LA, TX (MAP)
get down v phr 1b • esp LA
goose grass n 1d • esp LA
gou n • LA
goujon n • Missip Valley, esp LA
gourde n • sLA
graine à voler n • LA
grasset n • LA
graton n • sLA
green pop n • LA
grenouille n • LA
griffe n • esp LA
grillade n • Fr settlement areas, esp LA
gris-gris n • chiefly LA
gris-gris v • chiefly LA
gros-bec n • chiefly LA
guigui n • LA
gumbo n 2 • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA, but becoming widely recognized elsewhere (MAP)
gumbo filé n • chiefly LA
hardhead n 2e • LA, TX
hog cane n • LA
hog dog n • esp LA
hoodoo n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, esp LA, MS (MAP)
hot hot adj phr • esp LA
Indian fire n 3 • Gulf States, esp LA
insurance oil n • esp LA
Isleño n • LA
islet n 2 • LA, esp New Orleans
jack n1 2 • esp LA
jambalaya n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA; becoming more widely recognized (MAP)
johnny crook n 2 • LA
Johnson grass n 2 • chiefly LA
jumper n 8 • esp LA
kingbird n 2 • esp LA
kitty exclam • esp LA
kyoodle n • scattered, but esp LA
Lafitte skiff n • cs,seLA
lagniappe n • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA (MAP and Map Section)
lamp eel n 1 • esp LA
latanier n • LA
learn v (pronc) • chiefly NYC, sLA
lemonfish n • esp LA
Lent wind n • LA
leopard dog n • esp LA, TX
levee n1 1a • chiefly Missip Valley, esp LA
locker n 2 • chiefly LA (MAP)
long gravy n • esp LA
lost bread n • LA
loup-garou n • chiefly ME, LA
lugger n1 • now chiefly sLA
mais conj • LA
make v1 C18a • chiefly LA
make v1 C18b • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA
mamou n • LA
maque chou(x) n • LA
marais n • chiefly LA, eTX
Mardi Gras n 1 • chiefly LA (esp New Orleans), but widely recognized elsewhere
maringouin n • chiefly LA
marionette n • esp LA, AL
*median (strip) n 1a • widespread exc Pacific, Rocky Mts, LA, MS (MAP)
mémère n • Fr settlement areas, esp sLA
Mexican French duck n • LA
Mexican mallard n • esp LA
minnie n3 • chiefly LA
minou n • esp LA
mirliton n • LA
morel n1 • [..but in Louisiana perh an independent borrowing from Fr morille]
mudbug n • chiefly LA
muffuletta n • esp c,sLA
nenaine n • LA
neutral ground n • chiefly LA, sMS (MAP)
nigger pole n • LA
outarde n • LA
oyster loaf n • chiefly LA
paille-en-queue n • LA
paille fine n 1 • LA
pain perdu n • chiefly LA
papabotte n • LA
pape n • LA
parrain n • sLA
pass n 3 • LA
pass v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp LA
pass v 3 • chiefly sLA
passé n 2 • LA
passez exclam • sLA
peel v1 1 • scattered, but esp LA, TX
pee-pee exclam • esp PA, Mid Atl; also LA, TX
perch n1 B3 • esp TX, LA, AR, OK
picayune n • esp LA
pieu n • LA, eTX
pigeon de mer n • LA
pigeonnier n • LA
pique bois n • LA
pirogue n • chiefly Missip Valley; now esp MS, LA (MAP)
pissenlit n • esp LA
plongeur n • LA
poisson bleu n 2 • LA
police jury n • LA
pope n1 1 • esp LA
pope’s cap n • LA
poule d’eau n 1 • chiefly LA (MAP)
prairie chicken n 3 • FL, LA
prairie hen n 3 • LA
praline n (pronc) • LA |ˌplɑˈrin|
praline n B • formerly esp LA, TX, but now widely recognized (MAP)
pump n1 • MS, LA
quartee n • chiefly LA
racacha n • LA
rainbird n 1b • chiefly LA
red bone n 1 • now chiefly LA, TX (MAP)
red caille n • LA
red-hot n 2 • LA
red pop n • LA
rice rail n • LA
river shrimp n • LA, MS, AL
robin snipe n 4 • LA
roder v • LA
rusty lizard n • AL, AR, GA, LA, TX
sabine n • LA
sacalait n 1 • chiefly LA
sac-a-plomb n • LA
salt meat n • Lower Missip Valley, esp LA (MAP)
sarcelle n • LA
save v B2 • c,sLA
scaffold n B3 • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA
screwman n • Gulf States, esp LA
sea bob n • esp LA
share hand n • esp LA, MS
sharpshooter n 2 • esp LA, TX
shell road n • chiefly C and S Atl, LA, seTX (MAP)
shit-digger n • LA
shivaree n A • scattered, but esp LA
shivaree n B2 • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, esp LA (MAP)
shoo-shoo n • chiefly LA
shrimp moth n • LA
skillethead n • esp LA
soup bunch n • chiefly Sth, esp LA, MS
speck-back (tick) n • AL, AR, LA, TX
stage plank n • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA
stinging scorpion n • chiefly OK, TX, LA (MAP)
sugar house n 2 • chiefly LA
summer French duck n • LA
swamp bug n • LA
swee-sweet n • sLA
take up v phr 8 • chiefly Sth, esp LA (MAP)
tasso n • chiefly sLA
telltale n 2 • LA
three-cornered grass n • LA
tievine n 1 • scattered, but esp TX, LA, MS (MAP)
tignon n • LA
ting-a-ling n • esp LA
trainasse n • LA
trembling prairie n • sLA
veillée n • LA
veiller v • LA
vent carême n • LA
vire-vire n • LA
wanga n • chiefly LA
washateria n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, West, esp TX, LA
wawaron n • LA
white perch n 5 • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA (MAP)
wildcat grass n • sLA
wild cowpea n • esp LA
wire grass n 2k • LA
wop salad n • chiefly LA
Yankee weed n • chiefly TX, LA
yellow caille n • LA
zin-zin n • LA
zydeco n • orig sLA, eTX, now widely known
Louisiana French See French, Louisiana
cala n1 • New Orleans LA
camelback n 2 • chiefly New Orleans LA
islet n 2 • LA, esp New Orleans
king cake n • esp New Orleans LA
krewe n • New Orleans LA
Mardi Gras n 1 • chiefly LA (esp New Orleans), but widely recognized elsewhere
oven n 3 • New Orleans LA
pistolet n • New Orleans LA
poor boy n 1 • orig New Orleans LA; now widespread exc NEast, Mid Atl; esp freq Gulf States, TN, TX (MAP)
rabais shop n • New Orleans LA
second line n • New Orleans LA
spasm band n • esp New Orleans LA
van van oil n • orig New Orleans LA
voodoo n • orig esp New Orleans LA; now scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
voodoo v • orig esp New Orleans LA; now esp Sth
yat n2 • New Orleans LA
Lower Mississippi Valley See Mississippi Valley, Lower
M
Adam-and-Eve n 2 • esp ME
aftergrass n • chiefly neME, nPA, and settlement areas
bait iron n, v • ME
baker-sheet n • ME
bange v • NEng, esp ME
barn chamber n • chiefly NEng, esp ME, NH
barvel n • NEng, esp coastal ME
basket n 1 • ME
baster n • ME
basting big adj phr • chiefly ME
bean hole n • chiefly ME, Gt Lakes
becket n • chiefly ME
bet n1, v (pronc) • NEng, esp ME
bogan n • chiefly nME
borrow v A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl and NEng, esp ME
breezen v • chiefly ME
brim n 2 • ME
brow n, v • ME
bunk-and-toggle fence n • esp ME
cohooter n • cME
coon cat n 1 • NEng, esp ME
counter n1 1 • ME
cow yard tar n • ME
crawm n • sME, seNH
critter n (pronc) • esp in ME
culch n 2 • chiefly eNEng, esp ME
cusk n 2 • NEast, esp ME
deacon seat n 2 • chiefly Nth, esp ME
deaf adj B1c • chiefly NEng, esp ME, MA
deepwater adj • esp coastal ME
dingle n2 • chiefly ME
dozy adj • chiefly NEast, esp ME
drain v, n1 C5 • ME
draw water v phr 2 • esp ME
drop a stitch v phr • ME, MA
dry-ki n • chiefly Nth, esp ME
eighteen-hundred-and-froze-to-death n • NEng, esp ME
feature v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, ME
fid n 2 • esp ME
fiddlehead n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEng, esp ME
fiddlehead v • esp ME
finest kind n, adj phr, adv phr, exclam • chiefly NEng, esp ME
flat-ass calm n • ME
flight goose n • esp ME
fog mull n • NEng, esp ME
freckled lily n • ME
fub v2 1 • chiefly ME
fuddy-dud v • chiefly ME
galamander n • ME
gaumy adj2 • chiefly nNEng, esp ME
glinn n • ME
gorby n • chiefly ME
groaner n • esp ME
hakemouth n • ME
Hampton (boat) n • chiefly ME
head n B10 • ME
heath n 1 • chiefly sME
heath n (pronc) • ME
hen clam n 1 • chiefly NEng, esp ME
herm up v phr • ME
honey pot n 1 • esp ME
hosey v, n • MA, ME
hour n (pronc) • S Midl, seME, seNY
hovel n 1b • chiefly NEng, esp nNH, ME
huck n1 • esp ME
humdurgan n • ME
Indian bannock n • chiefly eNEng, esp ME, NH
Italian sandwich n • NEast, esp ME (MAP)
Jacob’s cattle bean n • esp ME
jaundice n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl, ME, |ˈɔndə(r)z, ˈɑ-|
jeezly adj, adv • ME
joe flogger n • coastal MA, ME
jumper n 11 • ME
juniper n 2a • chiefly ME
junk n 1 • chiefly NEng, esp ME
junk v1 • ME
kennebunker n • NEng, esp ME
killhag n • ME, NH
kitchen n1 2 • ME
kyack n1 • esp ME
larrigan n • esp ME
larrup v 2 • esp ME
lobster roll n • esp ME, MA
logan n • chiefly ME
loup-garou n • chiefly ME, LA
lucivee n • esp ME
master adj • chiefly S Midl, also ME
master adv • chiefly ME, sAppalachians
medrick n • ME, MA
mercury n 1 • NEast, esp ME
minge n • esp ME, NH
money cat n • chiefly NEng, esp ME (MAP)
moosebird n • Nth, esp ME
moose fly n 1 • esp ME
moxie n 1 • ME
nubble n • esp coastal ME
peapod n • chiefly ME
pennyroyal hymn n • esp ME
P.I. n • ME
piecen out v phr • esp ME
pine knot n 1 • esp MA, ME
plantation n B1 • NEng, esp ME
ploye n • chiefly nME
poky adj • chiefly NH, ME
post v • chiefly ME
pull-haul v phr • esp ME
pumpkin pine n • chiefly ME
pumplefoot n • esp ME
putty v • esp ME
quickwater n • chiefly Nth, esp ME
racer n 2b • ME
rawny adj • NEng, esp ME, NH
redfish n b • chiefly AK, ME
rent n1 • NEng, esp ME
rip n1 2 • chiefly NEng, esp ME
rollway n 2 • chiefly NEng, esp ME
round turn n • esp ME
rusticator n • ME
sack v 2 • ME, NH
saltwater farm n • NEng, esp ME
sardine n 1b • esp ME
scalt past ppl, ppl adj • esp ME, MA
scrod n • esp eMA, ME
seed-folks n pl • NEng, esp ME
shive n1 1 • ME
short n • esp ME
slat v 3 • chiefly ME
smelt n 3 • chiefly ME
snub v1 • chiefly ME
soft beer n • esp ME
sog n • ME
spill n1 • now chiefly ME (MAP)
spoolwood n • esp ME
sport n • NEng, esp ME
sprill n • ME
spruce partridge n • esp ME
square-tailed trout n • chiefly ME, VT
squat v • ME, NH
squizzle v 1 • chiefly ME
stand n 6 • scattered, but esp ME
stifle n • ME, MA
stiver v (pronc) • NEng, esp MA, ME
summercater n • ME
summer complaint n 2 • coastal ME, Cape Cod MA
swagin n • chiefly ME
swamp n B1 • chiefly ME
thick of fog n • ME coast
tholepin, suffer like a v phr • ME, MA coasts
tide walker n • coastal ME
titrivate v • chiefly ME
toggle n 2 • ME
togue n • chiefly ME
tomalley n • esp ME
tomcod n 1a • chiefly ME, MA, NH, NY
torch v • scattered, but esp ME
tote v A2b • Nth, esp ME, WI
tote road n • chiefly Nth, esp ME
touse n • chiefly NEng, esp ME
tree squeak n 1 • chiefly ME
trig n • NEng, esp ME
trollock n • eME
tunklehead n • esp ME
twitch horse n • ME
twitch road n • chiefly ME
two-sled n • esp ME
umbrella n A3 (pronc) • chiefly nNEng, esp ME |ˈæmbrɪl, æmbəˈrɪəl|
wagged out adj phr • esp MA, ME
wagon sled n • esp ME
wanigan n • chiefly ME wangan,..rarely wammikin
wanigan n 1 • chiefly ME, Gt Lakes; also AK
wanigan n 2 • chiefly ME, Gt Lakes
wanigan n 3 • chiefly ME, Gt Lakes
wanigan n 4 • scattered, but chiefly ME
webbing n • chiefly ME, NH
whiffle-minded adj • NEast, esp ME
white alder n 2 • esp ME
whore's egg n • ME
wicked adv • NEng, chiefly ME, MA
wild pear n • chiefly NEast, esp ME (MAP)
willywags n pl • chiefly nNEng, esp ME
wolf grass n • ME
woods queer adj phr • NEng, esp ME
wrinkle n • ME
yes-ma'am n • ME
younker n • chiefly NEng, esp ME
yowwun n • NEng, esp ME
hoopid salmon n • [Appar from the Makah name]
affection n • [..perh a malaprop for affliction or infection]
African n2 • [Malaprop or folk-etym]
appendix n • [Prob malaprop for appendage]
cackle n2 • [Malapropism for grackle..]
caterpillar v2 • [Malapropism, perh for capitulate]
consecrate(d) adj • [Malaprop]
emancipated ppl adj • [Malaprop]
every constant adv phr • [constant, perh malaprop for instant..]
exasperate v • [Malaprop]
expire v • [Malaprop for perspire..]
exposable adj • [Malaprop]
eyesight n • [Perh malaprop or folk-etym..]
felony n • [Prob folk-etym or malapropism for felon]
flagrant adj • [Perh malapropism..]
formulate v • [Malaprop for form]
fringe v • [Malaprop]
porpoise n • [Malaprop for pauper; cf quot 1942]
resolute v • [Malaprop]
spray v • [Malaprop for spay]
stile n2 • [Malaprop for sty]
surrogated adj • [Perh blend of serrated + corrugated or malaprop for corrugated]
cootie n1 • [?Malay kutu a biting insect]
male See men
cooter n • [Afr, akin to Bambara, Malinké kuta turtle; also Central Afr nkudu..]
Mandingo
Sambo n1 • [From a personal name of Afr origin; cf..Mandingo Sambu..]
manufacturer’s name See trademark
killick n • [..cf Manx (and ManxEngl) killagh..]
Adam’s housecat n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
Adam’s off-ox n 1 • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
adder n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, NEast; rare in West (MAP)
adder’s tongue n 1 • chiefly NEast and N Cent (MAP)
adios intj, n • scattered, but esp SW (MAP)
aggravating ppl adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ague n (pronc) • Sth, Midl (MAP)
airish adj 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
airy adj1 1 • chiefly Sth, NEast (MAP)
all adj2 • chiefly PA, also N Cent (MAP)
all-ee all-ee (all) in free exclam • chiefly Nth (MAP)
all-ee all-ee out(s) in free exclam • chiefly Inland Nth, West (MAP)
all-ee all-ee oxen (all in) free exclam • chiefly West and Gt Lakes, esp CA (MAP)
alley n2 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
all in adj 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
all-overs n pl 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
all’s out(’s) (come) in free exclam • chiefly west of Appalachian Mts (MAP)
all the • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
all the • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
all the way through adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, TX (MAP)
ambeer n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ambitious adj 2 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
amen corner n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
American fried potatoes n pl 1 • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent (MAP)
Andy-over n, exclam • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
angleworm n • chiefly Nth and West (MAP)
Annie-over n, exclam • widespread, but least freq in NEng, S Atl (MAP)
anti-i-over n, exclam • chiefly wGt Lakes, Upper MW, West (MAP)
Antony-over n, exclam • chiefly sAppalachians (MAP)
anymore adv • scattered, but least freq NEng (MAP)
appreciate v B1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
armful n • formerly chiefly Nth; now widespread, but esp common in Nth (MAP)
armload n • widespread, but least freq in Nth (MAP)
armoire n • chiefly LA, MS (MAP)
arroyo n • chiefly SW (MAP)
ash-box n • chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
ashpan n • widespread, but esp Nth, Midl (MAP)
ass-end-to adv phr • chiefly Nth (MAP)
ass from one’s elbow, not to know one’s v phr • chiefly N Atl (MAP)
at prep 2 • widespread exc in Nth, though gaining currency throughout US (MAP)
ayuh adv, intj • chiefly NEng, nNY (MAP)
babushka n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
baby buggy n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
baby carriage n • widespread, but least freq in West (MAP)
baby coach n • chiefly ePA, sNJ, DE, MD (MAP)
back v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
backside-to adv phr • chiefly Nth (MAP)
backstick n • chiefly sAppalachians, Gulf States (MAP)
bad adj B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bad child n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bad man n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bad off adj phr 2 • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bad place n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bad sick adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl,but esp Inland Sth (MAP)
baga n • chiefly MI, WI, MN (MAP)
ball n1 3 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
banana pepper n • widely scattered exc NEast, West (MAP)
bank n1 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
bank barn n • chiefly PA, OH, MD, VA, IN (MAP)
bar ditch n 1 • chiefly OK, TX (MAP and Map Section)
bare-ass(ed) adj, adv • chiefly NEast (MAP)
barefooted adj 1 • chiefly Mid and C Atl, Ohio Valley (MAP)
bare-naked adj • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
barlow knife n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
barn burner n 1 • chiefly PA, sNJ, MD (MAP)
barn lot n • chiefly Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
barnyard n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
bar pit n 1 • chiefly West (MAP and Map Section)
barrow pit n 1 • chiefly West, esp Rocky Mts (MAP and Map Section)
base n B2 • widespread, but esp Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
basement n 1 • widespread, but least common in NEast (MAP)
bat v2 1 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bateau n B2 • chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
batten n • scattered, but esp Pacific (MAP)
batter bread n 1 • chiefly VA (MAP)
battercake n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
battleship n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
bawl v1 2 • widespread but chiefly Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
bayou n B1 • chiefly LA (MAP)
bayou n B3 • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
bealed ppl adj • chiefly Appalachians, esp wPA (MAP)
bealing n • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
beanery n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
beans, not to know v phr a • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
bear claw n • chiefly West, esp Pacific (MAP)
beat n 2 • formerly widespread, now esp Mid Atl (MAP)
beaten biscuit n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp KY, MD, VA (MAP)
beat it v phr • widespread, but most freq in Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
beat one down v phr • chiefly east of Missip R, but esp NEast (MAP)
beaucoup adj, n, adv • chiefly Sth (MAP)
beau dollar n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
bedfast adj • chiefly Midl, West (MAP)
bedroom shoe n • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl (MAP)
bee n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
bee gum n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Beelzebub n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes (MAP)
bee martin n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
beet greens n pl • chiefly Nth, scattered West (MAP)
beet tops n pl • widespread, but least freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
before-day n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
behind a dime adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid Atl (MAP)
bell a buzzard v phr • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
belling vbl n2 • now chiefly wPA, WV, OH, IN, MI (MAP)
bellow n, v • widespread, but least freq in Midl (MAP and Map Section)
bellows n, v C • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
bell pepper n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
belly-bump n, adv, v 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
belly-bumper n, adv, v 1 • chiefly sNEng, PA (MAP)
belly-buster n, adv 1 • chiefly W Midl, Rocky Mts, NW (MAP)
belly-buster n, adv 2 • chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent (MAP and Map Section)
belly-flop n, v, adv 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
belly-flop n, v, adv 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
belly girt n • chiefly NEng, S Atl (MAP)
belly-gut n, v, adv 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, PA (MAP)
belly-smacker n 2 • chiefly eGt Lakes (MAP and Map Section)
belly-whopper n, v, adv 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NY, NJ (MAP)
belly-whopper n, v, adv 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NY, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
berm n 3 • chiefly PA, OH, IN, WV (MAP)
betwixt prep • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
B from (a) bull’s foot, not to know v phr • now chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bib overall(s) n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
bid whist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
biffy n • chiefly Upper MW and WI (MAP)
big adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
big daddy n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
big dog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SC (MAP and Map Section)
biggity adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
big mamma n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
billfold n • widespread, but least freq in NEast, Pacific (MAP)
biscuit n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
biscuit n B5 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
biscuit-eater n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bismarck n 2 • chiefly Upper MW, wGt Lakes (MAP)
-bit suff • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bitch v • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
bitter adj 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bitterweed n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, TX (MAP)
bitterweed milk n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
black duck n 1 • chiefly NEast, Mid and C Atl (MAP)
black-eyed bean n • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
black frost n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, C and S Atl, CA (MAP)
black gum n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
blackjack oak n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
blackland n • chiefly TX, OK, AR, LA (MAP)
black man n 2 • chiefly N Cent, Cent (MAP)
blacktongue n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
blade n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
blast n 4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, scattered Sth (MAP)
blat n, v 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP and Map Section)
blat n, v 2 • chiefly Nth and West (MAP and Map Section)
blate n, v A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
blate n, v A2 • chiefly Sth (MAP and Map Section)
blazes n, intj • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
bleat n • scattered, but least freq in Midl (MAP)
blessing n • chiefly S Atl, Inland Sth (MAP)
blind n 1 • chiefly Sth, NEast (MAP)
blind n 2 • widespread, but least freq NEast, Sth (MAP)
blindfold n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
blind pig n 1 • chiefly wInland Nth, CA (MAP and Map Section)
blind tiger n 1 • chiefly Sth, W Midl (MAP and Map Section)
blinky adj 1a • chiefly W Midl, Plains States, SW (MAP)
blister bug n • chiefly TX, Cent (MAP)
bloodsucker n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
bloodworm n 1 • chiefly C and Mid Atl (MAP)
blotch n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
blow n2 2 • scattered, but esp common in Midl (MAP)
blow v1 A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, and scattered Nth (MAP)
blowing viper n • chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
blue catfish n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp lower Missip Valley (MAP)
blue john n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
blue norther n • TX (MAP)
bluff v 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
boar n attrib b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bob calf n • NEast (MAP)
bobsleigh n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
bohunk n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth and West (MAP)
boiled dinner n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
boiler n1 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
bois d’arc n • chiefly TX, LA, OK, AR, TN, KY (MAP)
bollix v 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
bone felon n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
booby n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
booger n1 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
booger n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
boogerbear n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
boogerman n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
boogerman n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
boot n1 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
boozer n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
bore n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
born in a barn adj phr • widespread exc in NEast (MAP)
borrow v B1 • scattered, but esp wGt Lakes (MAP)
bosh n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
boss n1 2 • chiefly Nth and West (MAP)
boss, get oneself a v phr • chiefly Sth, sMissip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
boss-man n 1 • chiefly Sth, sAppalachians (MAP)
bots n pl 1 • chiefly S Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
bottom n 1a • chiefly Sth, W Midl (MAP)
bottom n 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bottomland n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
boughten adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
boulder n • esp wGt Lakes, West (MAP)
boulevard n 1 • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent (MAP)
boulevard n 2 • chiefly wGt Lakes, Gulf States (MAP)
bounce, give one the v phr • esp Nth (MAP)
box-elder bug n • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent (MAP)
box social n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
box supper n • chiefly W Midl, TX (MAP)
braces n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
brag n 2 • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
branch n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bray n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bread-dough biscuit n • chiefly Nth, AR, MS (MAP)
bream n B3 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
breezeway n • widespread exc West (MAP)
brickle adj 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
brier hook n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
britches n pl 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
brogan n 1 • widespread, but esp common in Sth, S Midl (MAP)
broken vein n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
brooder house n • widespread exc West; esp freq N Cent (MAP)
broody n • widespread, but least freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
brook n • orig chiefly NEng, now widespread but esp common NEast (MAP)
brother n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
brought up in a barn adj phr • scattered, but esp freq NEast, N Cent (MAP)
brownie n1 1 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC (MAP)
brownie n1 3 • Inland Nth (MAP)
Brunswick stew n • chiefly Sth, esp VA, NC, GA (MAP)
brush n B6 • esp NY, MI (MAP)
brush broom n2 • chiefly NEast, esp upstate NY (MAP)
brush scythe n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
bubba n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
buck n1 1a • widespread, but infreq in Sth (MAP)
buck n1 2g • scattered west of Appalachians (MAP)
buck n1 3c • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
buck n1 4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl exc Rocky Mts, NW (MAP)
buck ague n 1 • chiefly W Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
buckboard n 1 • widespread, but less freq in Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bucket n 2d • widespread, but esp freq Midl (MAP)
bucket n 3 • chiefly Nth and N Midl, east of Missip R (MAP)
buck naked adj • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
buckwheat cake n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Appalachians (MAP)
budget n 3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
buffalo n B1 • chiefly C Atl, NC (MAP)
bug n1 1 • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
bug n1 5a • chiefly NEast (MAP)
bug n1 5b • chiefly Mid and S Atl, SW (MAP)
bugeye n2 • chiefly C Atl coast, esp Chesapeake Bay (MAP)
bugger n1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bulkhead n 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
bullbat n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, SW, scattered S Midl (MAP)
bullfrogs, rain v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bullhead n 1b • chiefly Nth (MAP)
bull-in-the-ring n 1 • scattered, but esp PA (MAP)
bull nettle n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Cent, TX, LA (MAP)
bullnose pepper n • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bull of the woods n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Pacific (MAP)
bull snake n • formerly widespread SE; now esp Missip-Ohio Valleys and westward (MAP)
bull tongue n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bumfuzzle v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bump n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bum’s rush n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
bun n1 1 • esp MD, VA, NJ (MAP)
bunch bean n • esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
bunco n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent (MAP)
bundle n B1 • widespread exc wMD, sPA, WV (MAP)
bunkhouse n • chiefly West (MAP)
bunter n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
burdock n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
burg n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Cent (MAP)
burlap bag n • widespread, but less freq in West (MAP)
burr n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
burr n1 3 • chiefly Cent, Missip-Ohio Valleys, TX (MAP)
burr oak n • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, Cent (MAP)
bus n1 B • chiefly NEast (MAP)
bush ax n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid Atl (MAP)
bush hog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bush hook n • chiefly Sth, NEast (MAP)
bush scythe n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
butcher calf n • chiefly TX, OK, LA (MAP)
butte n • chiefly West (MAP)
butter bean n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
buttermilk sky n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Inland Sth (MAP)
buttery n • Nth, esp NEng (MAP)
butt-head n • chiefly S Atl, AL (MAP)
button n B2a • chiefly Nth, N Midl and West (MAP)
button n B2c • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
button n B3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
buttonball n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
buttonwood n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
buzzard roost n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SC, TX (MAP)
by guess and by gosh adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cabbage n B2 • chiefly NEast, Sth (MAP)
cabbage salad n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
cackle v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cafe n • chiefly West, Sth (MAP)
cake turner n • chiefly C Atl, eN Midl (MAP)
calaboose n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, West (MAP)
calf-rope, holler v phr • chiefly S Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
call hogs v phr • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
calling hours n pl • chiefly NEast, also OH, IN (MAP)
camp meat n • chiefly Inland Nth, West (MAP)
camp robber n • chiefly NW, CO (MAP)
can n 2 • scattered, but chiefly West (MAP)
can n 3c • chiefly NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
Canadian soldier n 1 • esp OH (MAP)
canal boat n • chiefly NY (MAP)
candy pulling n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast, CA (MAP)
cannonball n • chiefly Missip Valley (MAP)
Canuck n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
canyon n • chiefly West, scattered Nth (MAP)
cap n1 2a • chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
cap n1 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cap bundle n • esp Midl (MAP)
capsheaf n 1 • chiefly N Cent (MAP)
careless weed n 1 • chiefly W Midl, SW (MAP)
caretaker n • chiefly PA (MAP)
carpet, on the adj phr • Sth, S Midl, esp NC, TX, AR (MAP)
carrion crow n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Inland Sth (MAP)
carry v B1 • formerly freq in NEng; now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
carry-in n • chiefly IL, IN, OH (MAP and Map Section)
cart v 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
cat and mouse n 1 • chiefly Upper MW, WI, Cent (MAP)
catawampus adj 1 • widely scattered exc NEast (MAP)
catawba n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OH, IN (MAP)
catch colt n 1 • chiefly West, Inland Nth (MAP)
catch colt n 2 • chiefly West, Inland Nth (MAP)
catch ’im v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
catch-pain n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
catfish stew n • chiefly SC (MAP)
cat in a bag n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cat-licker n • chiefly N Cent (MAP)
cat shit n • chiefly PA, NJ, NY (MAP)
cat squirrel n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
catty n1 1 • chiefly MD, NJ, NY, PA (MAP)
cave n 1 • chiefly N Midl (MAP)
cave n 2 • scattered, but esp N Midl (MAP)
cease v1 B • chiefly Sth, Ozarks (MAP)
cellar n1 B2 • widespread, but least freq Plains States, Rocky Mts (MAP)
cellarway n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
chalk n1 • chiefly Gulf States, scattered W Midl (MAP)
change v1 • chiefly Sth, sAppalachians (MAP)
change work v phr, n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
channel catfish n • chiefly Missip Valley and adjacent areas (MAP)
charge v B2 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
cheater n 1b • esp Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
checkline n 2 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
chestnut n 3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
chicken coop n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
chicken corn soup n • chiefly PA (MAP)
chicken snake n 1 • chiefly Sth, Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
chicken tracks n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
chickie n 1 • widespread, but esp freq in Midl and Sth (MAP)
chic sale(s) n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Midl, West (MAP)
chifforobe n • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chill bumps n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chimney sweep n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chimney swift n • widespread exc West, Sth (MAP)
Chinaberry n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
chinch n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chinchy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chink v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chinook n B2 • chiefly NW (MAP)
chinquapin n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chipping sparrow n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
chippy n2 3 • formerly East, Sth; now chiefly Inland Nth and West (MAP)
chitterlings n pl 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chokecherry n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
chopper n 2 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
chore time n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
chowder n 1 • orig and chiefly NEng, now also Nth, CA, C Atl (MAP)
Christmas intj • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
Christmas n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Christmas gift exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Christmas tree n 3 • chiefly Sth, nNEng, also S Midl (MAP)
chuck v 1 • scattered, but esp freq NEast (MAP)
chughole n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
chunk v 2 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
cig n • esp Nth and West (MAP)
cigar tree n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
cinch n1 1 • scattered, but esp West, Nth (MAP)
cipher n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
civet cat n 2 • chiefly west of Missip R (MAP)
clabber n1 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl and West (MAP and Map Section)
clamp v1 • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
clapboard n, v • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
claybank adj • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
clay road n • scattered east of Missip R, esp S Atl (MAP)
clear adj B1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
clearseed n • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
clearstone n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
climb v 2b • chiefly Atl States, esp nNY, wNEng (MAP)
close one n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
clothespress n 2 • chiefly NEast, eN Midl (MAP)
clothes rack n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
clothes tree n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
cluck n 1 • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
clunk n 1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
coachwhip snake n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
coal oil n • widespread, but least freq in Nth, S Atl (MAP)
coast v 1 • prob orig Boston area, now chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cobbler n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cobblestone n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
co-boss(ie) v phr • chiefly Nth (MAP)
cock n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cockeyed adj 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
cockleburr n 1 • widespread, but chiefly N Cent,Upper MW, West (MAP)
co-day v phr • chiefly NEast, MI (MAP)
coffin nail n 1 • widespread but esp Nth, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
coffin tack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
cold cellar n • NEast (MAP)
cold drink n • chiefly Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
cold-water flat n • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
collard n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
comb n B2 • chiefly Midl, occas Sth (MAP)
come v A5a • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
come v A5b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
come fresh v phr • scattered exc NEast (MAP)
come in v phr 1 • widespread, but least freq in Midl (MAP)
come through v phr 3 • scattered, but chiefly West (MAP)
come up v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
comfort n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
comfortable n B2 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
comforter n 1 • widespread, but least freq in Sth (MAP)
commie n • chiefly N Midl, Inland Nth (MAP)
commode n 4a • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
compressed yeast n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
con n1 • scattered, but esp NY, CA (MAP)
cone n 1 • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
conjure v • chiefly SE (MAP)
cookie n1 3 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cooler n 1 • esp west of Missip R (MAP)
coonass n • chiefly LA, seTX (MAP)
cooter n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, esp SC (MAP)
cope v2 • chiefly Midl, scattered Sth (MAP)
copperhead snake n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
corker n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
corn bin n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
corn broom n • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
corn cake n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
corn dumpling n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
cornhouse n • chiefly NEng, Mid Atl (MAP)
cornmeal bread n • chiefly Nth, CA (MAP)
corn muffin n • scattered, but chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
corn pudding n • scattered, but esp PA, VA, KY (MAP)
corn stick n • chiefly S Atl, Inland Sth (MAP)
corral n 1 • chiefly West (MAP)
corruption n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
co-sheep(ie) v phr • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
cottage fried potatoes n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cotton n 4 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
cottonwood n 1 • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
cougar n • chiefly NW, CA, UT (MAP)
counterpin n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
country n B2a • scattered, but chiefly W Midl (MAP)
country n B2d • chiefly S Atl, esp SC (MAP)
country adj • chiefly Sth, Atlantic (MAP)
couple-three, (a) adj phr • chiefly Nth (MAP)
cousin Jack n • chiefly nMI, scattered West (MAP)
cove n1 1b • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Mid Atl (MAP)
cover n B2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng (MAP and Map Section)
covered-dish meal n • widespread exc Pacific, Upper MW, WI, MI (MAP)
coverlet n 1 • widespread, but least freq in West and Atlantic (MAP)
cowboy n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
cow corn n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
cowcumber n • scattered, but esp W Midl, LA (MAP)
co-wench v phr • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
cowitch n 2 • chiefly SE (MAP)
cow lot n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
cow pass n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
cow stable n • widespread exc in West (MAP)
crab n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp Gt Lakes (MAP)
crab v1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
crack n 2 • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
cracker n 2 • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
crackerjack n • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
crackling bread n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
crawdad n 1 • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
crawfish n A • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
crawfish n A • scattered, but least freq in Midl (MAP)
crawfish v 2 • chiefly Sth, W Midl, Pacific NW (MAP)
crazy bone n • widespread, but least freq in Sth, NYC (MAP)
cream cheese n 1 • esp LA (MAP)
credit n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
creek n1 B2 • widespread exc in NEng (MAP)
creek n1 (pronc) • esp Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
creep v B1 • widespread, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
creep v B2 • chiefly Sth, scattered Midl (MAP)
creep v B3 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
creeper n 7 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
crib n1 1 • chiefly W Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
crib v 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
cribbage n • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
crimanetly intj • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
criminy intj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
crimp v 3 • chiefly N Cent, PA, NY (MAP)
crimper n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, PA, NY (MAP)
crink n • scattered, but esp S Atl (MAP)
cripe intj • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
crocus sack n • chiefly S and Mid Atl (MAP)
croker sack n • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
cross-lot(s) adv • chiefly NEast (MAP)
crowbait n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
crow to pick, have a v phr • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
cruiser n 3 • chiefly NEng, N Cent, Mid Atl (MAP)
cruller n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
crust n B1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
cuckleburr n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
cupboard n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cupola n B1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
cup towel n • chiefly TX, Inland Sth (MAP)
curd n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Gulf States, S Atl, NEast (MAP)
curdled ppl adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
cur dog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cuss-fight n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cut off v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cut on v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cutter n1 1 • chiefly Nth, exc eNEng (MAP)
cutter n1 2 • scattered, but chiefly Midl (MAP)
cyclone cellar n • chiefly wGt Lakes, West (MAP)
dace n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
dad n2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
daddy n 1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dago red n • chiefly Nth and West (MAP)
dagwood n • scattered, but esp MN, IA, CO (MAP)
dairy n 1 • chiefly Atlantic (MAP)
damper n 1 • Mid Atl, esp eNC (MAP)
Danish pastry n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
danke schoen exclam • scattered, but esp N Cent, NEast (MAP)
darning needle n 1 • chiefly NEast, Inland Nth, West (MAP)
davenette n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
davenport n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
dead cat on the line n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dear intj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
deep-water Baptist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
democrat wagon n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
den n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
devilish adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
devil’s darning needle n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
devil’s horse n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
devil’s horse n 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
devil’s-snuffbox n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dewberry n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
dew worm n • chiefly Gt Lakes (MAP)
dicker v 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
didapper n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dike v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dinner n 1b • widespread, but less freq Lower Missip Valley, S Atl (MAP)
dinner on the ground(s) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dip n1 5 • scattered, but esp N Cent (MAP)
dip n1 8 • chiefly Inland Nth (MAP)
dip v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dipper n 6 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
directly adv B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dirt n 2 • chiefly Nth, scattered West (MAP)
dirt dauber n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
discharge v, n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
dish wiper n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
disremember v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ditch v 1 • esp c,sCA (MAP)
divinity n • esp west of Appalachians (MAP)
divvy v • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
dobe n 3 • SW, Pacific (MAP)
doc n 1 • chiefly PA, NY (MAP)
dock n2 2 • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
dodge v 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
dog n1 B3 • scattered, but less freq NEast, Upper MW, NW (MAP)
dog n1 B5a • scattered, but less freq S Atl (MAP)
dog v 6 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dog drunk adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dogfish n 2 • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Gt Lakes (MAP)
dog fly n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl, AL (MAP)
dog iron n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dog’s age n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
dog tick n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dolt n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
done in adj phr • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
donnybrook n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
donsie adj 2a • esp N Midl (MAP)
doodle n1 1 • chiefly IN, OH, PA (MAP)
doodlebug n 6b • chiefly Gulf States, Cent, N Midl (MAP)
dope n 2 • chiefly OH (MAP)
dope n 4 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC (MAP)
dopey adj 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
dornick n 1a • formerly more widespread; now esp N Cent, PA (MAP)
dory n2 • chiefly N Atl (MAP)
doty adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
double house n 2 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Midl (MAP)
double-runner n • chiefly eNEng (MAP)
double sawbuck n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
double shovel plow n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
double singletree n • scattered, but esp C and S Atl (MAP)
doubletree n • widespread exc NEast (MAP and Map Section)
doughball n 2 • scattered, but less freq NEast, C and S Atl, Pacific (MAP)
doughnut hole n • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
down adj D1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
down n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
down-and-out adj 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
down-and-out adj 3 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
down cellar adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
downstreet adv • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
dowser n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
dowsing rod n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
drag n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, Midl (MAP)
draggy adj 2 • chiefly Midl, S Atl (MAP)
drag harrow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
drain n1 C1 • scattered, but esp Mid and C Atl (MAP)
drain ditch n • scattered, but less freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
dram n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
draw n 1a • chiefly Nth, Sth (MAP)
draw v B1 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
draw v B2 • esp Nth, West (MAP)
draw v B2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
draw v C1 • chiefly Upstate NY, wNEng (MAP)
draw v C3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
draw v C4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dressing n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
dressing n 4 • chiefly PA (MAP)
dressing n 5 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng (MAP)
drib n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
dribs and drabs n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
drink n B • chiefly Sth (MAP)
drip v B1 • Mid Atl (MAP)
drop v D1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dropped egg n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
drought n A4 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
drowsy adj 1 • esp Gulf States, Ohio Valley (MAP)
drummer n 6 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
drunkard n 1 • chiefly Mid Atl (MAP)
dry fly n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
drying cloth n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dry-land turtle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, SW (MAP and Map Section)
dry off v phr 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
dry wall n • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
dual highway n • scattered, but chiefly Mid and C Atl (MAP)
duck n 5 • chiefly SE (MAP)
duckboat n • chiefly Inland Nth (MAP)
duck bumps n pl • chiefly Nth (MAP)
duck duck goose n • chiefly Inland Nth (MAP)
duck on a rock n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
duck soup n • widespread, but less freq S Midl (MAP)
dud n 1 • scattered, but less freq Sth (MAP)
duffer n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
dungarees n pl • esp Atlantic (MAP)
Dunkard n • chiefly N Midl (MAP)
durn v, intj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dusk dark n • chiefly Sth (MAP and Map Section)
dusky dark n • chiefly S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
Dutch cheese n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
Dutch lunch n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
Dutchman n 1 • widespread exc Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Dutchman’s breeches n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Dutch rub n • chiefly N Midl (MAP)
d.w.i. n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
earbob n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
earmark n • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
earscrew n • chiefly Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
ear tag n • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
earthworm n • widespread exc Rocky Mts, Upper MW; esp freq Sth (MAP)
ease v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
east n2 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
eat v A2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
eat v A2b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
eat v A3a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
eat v A3b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
eating joint n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
eaves spout n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
eaves trough n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
egg n B3 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
egg v1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
egg bread n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp GA (MAP)
egg custard (pie) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp MS (MAP)
egg turner n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
eh interrog exclam • chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
elastic (band) n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp N Atl (MAP)
elbedritsch n • sePA (MAP)
elbow, go (all) around one’s v phr • chiefly SE, esp NC (MAP)
enchilada n • orig SW, CA, but now widely recognized (MAP)
English pea n • esp Gulf States (MAP)
entrails n pl • scattered, but less freq Nth (MAP)
entryway n 1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
ethyl n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP and Map Section)
euchre n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp N Cent (MAP)
evener n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP and Map Section)
evening n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ever adj • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp TX (MAP)
everlasting yeast n • chiefly Cent, TX (MAP)
eversharp n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Upper MW, KS, MO (MAP)
ewe n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
ex n1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng, NY (MAP)
exchange work v phr, n • widespread, but less freq Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
expect v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
explode v1 • chiefly Nth N Midl (MAP)
express wagon n • chiefly NEng, N Cent, West (MAP)
extra n C2 • chiefly Gulf States, Mid Atl (MAP)
eye n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fair off v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fairy n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
fall off v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fall out v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
far adv, adj1 B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
farmer n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
farmer match n • chiefly Upper MW, Gt Lakes, NY, WV (MAP)
farm-to-market road n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Cent (MAP)
far piece n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, N Cent (MAP)
fastnacht n 1 • chiefly PA (MAP)
fast train n • chiefly N Cent, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
fatback n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEast (MAP)
fat meat n • chiefly Midl; also Sth (MAP)
fat pine n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
faucet n B2 • widespread, but less freq NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
favor v C1 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
feather n B4 • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
feeder n 5 • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent, SE (MAP)
feeding time n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
feed up v phr • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
fee lark n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
feel of v phr • chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP)
feist n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fertilize n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fescue n • chiefly S Midl, S Atl (MAP)
fester v • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP and Map Section)
field lark n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fill n2 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
filling n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
finagle v A • widespread, but less freq W Midl (MAP)
find v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fine cut adj phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
fireboard n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
firebug n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, PA (MAP)
firedog n • scattered, but esp freq sAppalachians, S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
firefly n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fire iron n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl, N Cent (MAP)
fire-lighting vbl n • esp NC (MAP)
fish basket n • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
fish camp n 3 • Sth (MAP)
fish duck n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth (MAP)
fish-eater n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
fish hawk n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Atlantic, NW (MAP)
fishing worm n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
fishworm n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, Cent (MAP)
five hundred n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, but less freq eNEng, NW (MAP)
five hundred n 2 • esp West, Gt Lakes (MAP)
five-up n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
fix v B1c • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fix v B1e • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, N Cent (MAP)
fix v B3 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
fix v B7 • scattered, but chiefly Atlantic, Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
fizzle n 1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
flail n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
flannel cake n • chiefly Appalachians (MAP and Map Section)
flat n1 1e • chiefly NEast, West (MAP)
flat n2 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
flatboat n 1b • chiefly Missip Valley, Ohio Valley (MAP)
flea in one’s ear n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
flier n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
flies and skinners n • chiefly Gulf States, esp TX (MAP)
flighty adj 1 • widespread exc Sth (MAP)
flip-flop n 2 • esp N Midl, S Atl (MAP)
flitch n 1 • chiefly PA (MAP)
flitter n1 2a • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
flop n 7 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
flour bread n 1 • now chiefly Sth (MAP)
flunky n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
flux n • chiefly sAppalachians, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
fly n2 2 • scattered, but esp PA (MAP)
flying jenny n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fool v 1b • scattered, but chiefly S Midl, Gulf States, Cent (MAP)
for a little (bit) adv phr • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
forty-two n • chiefly TX (MAP)
forty winks n pl • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
four corners n pl 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
four corners n pl 2 • esp Gt Lakes (MAP)
four-flusher n • scattered exc Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fourteen-day pickle n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
fowl house n • now esp SC (MAP)
fox and geese n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Rocky Mts (MAP)
foxtail n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, West (MAP)
fractious adj 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
frail n 1 • chiefly S Midl, NEast (MAP)
frame n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frankfurt n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
frau n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
freehearted adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
freeseed n • esp Appalachians (MAP)
freestone n 2 • widespread, but least freq Sth (MAP)
freeway n • widespread, but esp West (MAP)
freight wagon n • chiefly West (MAP)
French harp n 1 • chiefly W Midl, TX, Cent (MAP)
Frenchy n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
freshet n 2 • chiefly Atlantic, Nth (MAP)
fresh fried potatoes n pl • esp N Cent (MAP)
fridge n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
friedcake n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp Gt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
fried corn-bread n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
fried mush n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
fried pie n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
frigidaire n • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, PA, West (MAP)
frijole n • chiefly SW (MAP)
fritter n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
fritter n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fritz, on the adj phr, adv phr • chiefly Nth (MAP)
frock n • chiefly Upstate NY, nNEng (MAP)
frog n B2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Pacific (MAP)
frogskin n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frogs, rain v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frogsticker (knife) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frogstool n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frog-strangler n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frontage road n • chiefly West, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
frosting n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
fruit basket n b • chiefly Gulf States, Inland Sth (MAP)
fruit basket n c • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
fruit cellar n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
frying pan n 1 • widespread exc W Midl (MAP)
frypan n • chiefly Atlantic, Inland Sth, West (MAP)
full of oneself adj phr • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
funnel v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
funny bone n 1 • widespread, but less common eNEng, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
fuss n B2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
fuss n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fuss v C3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fuss v C5 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
fuss-box n • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
fussbudget n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
fuss-button n • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
fuss-pot n 1 • chiefly NEast exc nNEng (MAP)
gab n1 • now esp Gt Lakes, Upper MW (MAP)
gallery n • chiefly Gulf States, AR, TX (MAP)
galley-west adv, adj • chiefly Nth (MAP)
gallinipper n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl (MAP)
gambrel roof n • chiefly Upstate NY, NEng (MAP)
gap n1 1 • widespread, but esp Appalachians (MAP)
gape n C2 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
garden house n • chiefly Mid Atl (MAP)
garden worm n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
garlicky adj • chiefly DE, MD, NJ, VA (MAP and Map Section)
gaspergou n 1 • LA, TX (MAP)
gather v B5 • chiefly Midl, NY (MAP)
gaum v1 1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
gaumy adj1 1 • scattered, but esp Appalachians (MAP)
gaup v 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
gear v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
gee v2 b • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
gee-haw v 2 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
gee horse n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Gt Lakes (MAP)
gelding n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
gentleman n B2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Georgia buggy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Georgia stock n • chiefly Gulf States, AR, OK (MAP)
Georgia wiggler n • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
German fried potatoes n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
German potato salad n • chiefly Gt Lakes, N Cent, esp WI (MAP)
gesundheit intj • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
get v C2 • widespread, but less freq S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
get awake v phr • chiefly PA (MAP)
get behind v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl (MAP)
get gone v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
get oneself a cook v phr • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
get up v phr 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
get up there v phr • scattered, but esp N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
giant steps n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
G.I. haircut n • scattered, but more freq C and Mid Atl, SE (MAP)
girt n • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
give v A3b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
given out adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
glassie n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
glue n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
gnat’s eyebrow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
go v C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
goal n B • chiefly Nth (MAP)
goathead n • chiefly SW (MAP)
gob n1 2 • widespread, but less freq NEast (MAP)
go down v phr 1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
goggle-eye n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
going to bed adj phr • S Atl (MAP)
gold coast n • scattered, but esp Gt Lakes (MAP)
goober n1 1 • widespread, but chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, SW (MAP)
goober pea n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
goody n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
goop n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
goose-drownder n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
goose pimples n pl • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth (MAP)
goozle n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
gopher n1 1a • esp FL, GA (MAP)
gopher snake n 1 • chiefly West, esp CA, AZ (MAP)
gorge n1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Appalachians, Gt Lakes, SW (MAP)
goshawk n 1 • now chiefly Gt Lakes, PA (MAP)
go-sheep-go n • chiefly Midl, esp OH (MAP)
gourd n 3 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grab onto v phr • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent (MAP)
gracias exclam • scattered, but chiefly SW (MAP)
graham bread n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
grain room n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
granddaddy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
granddaddy n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grandma n A1 • chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
grandma n A2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
grandma n A3 • chiefly Midl; also Sth, West (MAP)
grandma n A4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
grandma n A5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grandma n A6 • chiefly C Atl (MAP)
grandma n A8 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
grandpa n A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grandpa n A2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
grandpa n A3 • chiefly Midl; also Sth, West (MAP)
grandpa n A4 • scattered, but less freq N Atl, Pacific (MAP)
grandpa n A5 • scattered, but chiefly C Atl, NY (MAP)
grandpa n A6 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
grange n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
granny n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
granny woman n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grass n 1 • chiefly NEast, Pacific (MAP)
grass burr n • chiefly TX (MAP)
grassplot n • chiefly Atlantic (MAP)
grass sack n • chiefly C Atl, Lower Missip Valley, Ohio Valley (MAP)
grassy adj • chiefly C Atl (MAP)
gravy n 2 • scattered, but more freq Nth, N Midl, WV (MAP)
grayback n 2a • scattered, but esp W Midl, West (MAP)
grease ant n • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, CA (MAP)
greaser n B1 • scattered, but esp SW, CO (MAP)
greasy adj A1 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
greasy adj A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
greasy adj B • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
great day (in the morning) exclam • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
great guns exclam • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
green bean n • widespread, but less freq NEng, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
green corn n 2 • scattered, but esp eNEng, Gt Lakes, sCA (MAP)
green fly n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
green hand n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
green onion n 1 • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP and Map Section)
green pepper n 1 • widespread exc SE, Lower Missip Valley (MAP and Map Section)
green pepper n 2 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
green snake n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
griddle n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp Upstate NY, VT (MAP)
griddle cake n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
grinder n 3 • chiefly NEng (MAP and Map Section)
grindle n1 • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, eTX (MAP)
grind rock n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grits n pl 1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
groomsman n • widespread exc NEast, West (MAP)
groundhog n 1 • widespread, but esp Midl (MAP)
ground pea n 1 • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
grow v 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grow v 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
grow v 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grub ax n • esp Nth (MAP)
grubbing hoe n 1 • widespread exc Nth (MAP and Map Section)
grub hoe n • chiefly Nth (MAP and Map Section)
grubworm n 1 • widespread exc NEast, Pacific (MAP)
Guinea n1 3 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
Guinea n1 5 • widespread exc NEast, Pacific (MAP)
guinea hen n 1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
guinea wasp n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
gulch n 1 • scattered, but esp CA (MAP)
gully n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
gully n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
gully washer n • widespread exc NEng, less freq Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)
gum n1, v1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
gum n2 3b • chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
gum band n • chiefly PA (MAP)
gumbo n 2 • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA, but becoming widely recognized elsewhere (MAP)
gumbo n 6a • chiefly Missip Valley, West (MAP)
gunny sack n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP and Map Section)
gush n B4 • scattered, but esp Sth, TX (MAP)
gutter n1 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP and Map Section)
guttering n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
hail-over n, exclam • S Atl, Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
haily-over n, exclam • esp NEast, OH (MAP and Map Section)
hair n C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hairy woodpecker n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
half-runner bean n • chiefly sAppalachians (MAP)
hall tree n • scattered, but esp N Cent, MO (MAP)
hamburg n 1 • chiefly NEast, C Atl, OH, MI (MAP)
hamper n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hand n B1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
hand broom n • chiefly S Midl, Mid Atl (MAP)
handle n B1 • scattered exc SE (MAP)
handy-over n, exclam • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Inland Sth (MAP)
hang v B2 • scattered, but esp C Atl, Ohio Valley (MAP)
hangman n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
happy adj 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hardhead n 7 • chiefly Gt Lakes (MAP and Map Section)
hard road n • chiefly Midl, esp IL (MAP)
hard sauce n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hard-shell adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hard-shell turtle n • chiefly N Cent, Cent, Gulf States (MAP)
harp n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hasenpfeffer n • chiefly ePA (MAP)
hash n 1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
haslet n • formerly more widespread, now esp Sth (MAP)
hatchway n • chiefly NEast, OH (MAP)
hay chute n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hay frame n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hay hole n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl, esp PA (MAP)
hay ladder n • esp N Midl (MAP)
hayrack n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
hayrig n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
head n C1c • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
headcheese n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
header n 1 • chiefly West, esp CA (MAP)
headlighting vbl n • chiefly TX, nMI (MAP)
head rag n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
heap n 2 • esp nAppalachians, CT (MAP)
hearse n B1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hearth broom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hearthstone n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
heat n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
heave v B1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
heaves n pl • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
heavy adj • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
hebe n • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
hedge n • chiefly N Cent, Cent (MAP)
hedge apple n • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
heel fly n • chiefly West, esp SW (MAP)
heinie n1 1 • chiefly NEast, West (MAP)
hen coop n • esp Nth (MAP)
hennery n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
hepatica n • chiefly NEast, N Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
her pron B2 • scattered, but esp West, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
hero n • scattered, but esp NYC (MAP and Map Section)
hex v • widespread, but less freq S Midl (MAP)
hey exclam 1 • chiefly Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
hey exclam 2 • scattered, but less freq Nth, Atlantic, West (MAP)
hey interrog exclam 2 • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
hickey n2 b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
hickey n2 c • widespread exc Sth (MAP)
hidy exclam • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
high beam n 2 • widespread, but less freq Sth, W Midl (MAP)
highland moccasin n • chiefly SE (MAP)
high-test adj • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP and Map Section)
highway n • widespread, but less freq N Cent, NEast, C Atl (MAP)
high yellow n • scattered, but chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
hill n 2 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
hillside plow n • chiefly Appalachians, sOH (MAP)
hind end n 1 • scattered, but less freq Atlantic (MAP)
hind-part-before adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
hindside-before adv • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
hip-roofed barn n • chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
hired man n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hisself pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hisser n • chiefly PA (MAP)
hit a lick v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
hitch v 3 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
hit the ball v phr 3 • scattered, but esp West (MAP)
ho v a • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
hoagie n • chiefly PA, NJ, but becoming more widely recognized (MAP and Map Section)
hod n 1 • widespread, but esp freq NEng (MAP)
hoecake n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hog n B4 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hoggish adj 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hog house n 1a • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent; also S Midl (MAP)
hog’s head cheese n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast, esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
hog wire n • scattered, but esp S Atl, Gulf States, Cent (MAP)
hog yard n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hoity-toity adj • esp Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
hold v C1b • chiefly NEast, Mid Atl (MAP)
hold v C2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States, AR (MAP)
hole n 10d • scattered, but esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
hole n 3 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
hole n 9a • esp NEast (MAP)
holey adj • esp S Midl, C Atl (MAP)
holiness adj • chiefly Sth, Midl, Cent (MAP)
holler v, n1 B5 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hollow horn n 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
hollow tail n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
home base n 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq Nth (MAP)
home demonstration n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
home free exclam • chiefly east of Missip R, esp NY (MAP)
home fried potatoes n pl • chiefly NEast, OH (MAP and Map Section)
hominy n B1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Atlantic, esp S Atl (MAP)
hooch n1 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hoodoo n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, esp LA, MS (MAP)
hoo-owl n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hoopy n2 • esp TX (MAP)
Hoover n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hop v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hop and (a) jump n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hopper n 1 • chiefly West, N Cent (MAP)
hoppergrass n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hopping John n 1 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC, GA (MAP)
hoptoad n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
horned lark n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
horned pout n 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
horning n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp Upstate NY, nPA (MAP)
horse barn n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
horse lot n 1 • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
horse piss n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
horse stable n • chiefly NEast, C Atl, eGt Lakes (MAP)
host n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hot cake n 2 • widespread, but less freq NEng (MAP)
hot-cake turner n • chiefly West (MAP)
hot cross bun n • esp NEast (MAP)
hot dish n 1 • esp MI, WI, MN, ND (MAP)
hot-water corn bread n • chiefly Gulf States, Inland Sth (MAP)
hound dog n 2 • scattered, but esp Lower Missip Valley, TX, S Atl (MAP)
house shoe n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
how you do exclam • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hubbard squash n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
huckster n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, C Atl, NEast exc nNEng (MAP)
hudder n • esp Appalachians (MAP)
hull n B1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
hull n B2a(1) • widespread, but less freq Nth, Rocky Mts (MAP and Map Section)
hull n B2a(2) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hull n B2a(3) • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
hull v 1 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
hullabaloo n 1 • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hummock n 2 • chiefly S Atl, esp FL (MAP)
Hunk n3 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hunter n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, CA (MAP)
hurting n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hush puppy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
husk n B2a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
husking vbl n 2a • esp NEng, N Cent (MAP)
hydrant n 1a • scattered, but less freq Nth, Atlantic (MAP)
hydrant n 1b • esp SW, Gulf States (MAP)
hypo n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
hy spy n 2 • scattered east of Missip R, esp OH (MAP)
ice-cream social n • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
ice-cream supper n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
ice tag n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
icing n 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
icky adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
in prep B7 • scattered, but chiefly S Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
inchworm n • widespread, but esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
Indian n B6 • esp Gulf States, TX (MAP)
Indian cigar n • chiefly Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
Indian pipe n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
Indian pudding n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
inwards n pl (pronc) • esp Nth (MAP)
Irish buggy n • chiefly West (MAP)
Irish potato n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
Italian pepper n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
Italian sandwich n • NEast, esp ME (MAP)
itch n B1 • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ivory n1 1a • scattered, but less freq Sth, nNEng (MAP)
ivory n2 • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
jack n1 24a(1) • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
jack n2 2b • esp N Midl (MAP)
jack v 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP and Map Section)
jackdaw n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
jackfish n 1a • chiefly Sth (MAP)
jack frost n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
jack frost n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jackleg adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jacklight v • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
jack-o’-lantern n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
jag n2 1a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
jag n2 2 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
jailhouse n • scattered, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jake leg n1 1 • chiefly S Midl, wGulf States (MAP)
jalapeño n • orig chiefly TX, but now widely recognized (MAP)
jam v 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP and Map Section)
jambalaya n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA; becoming more widely recognized (MAP)
jam cake n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
jarfly n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
jarhead n 1 • chiefly SE (MAP)
jassack n • scattered, but esp WV (MAP)
jaybird n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jaybird n 1b • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jeez intj • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
jelly doughnut n • widespread, but esp freq NEast, S Atl, CA (MAP)
jerkwater adj 1 • scattered exc NEng; infreq Sth, Inland Sth (MAP)
jerky n2 • scattered, but chiefly West (MAP)
Jersey mosquito n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
Jerusalem, going to n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast; infreq West (MAP)
Jewish bread n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
Jewish pickle n • esp PA, NJ, NY (MAP)
jibe v • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
jigger n2 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
jiggered, I’ll be phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
jimson weed n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
Job’s turkey n 1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl (MAP)
joeboat n • chiefly Ohio Valley, esp KY (MAP)
joe darter n 1 • esp Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
Joe-Pye weed n 1 • chiefly NEast, Mid Atl (MAP)
john n 2a • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth (MAP)
johnboat n 1 • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
John Bull n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
John Hancock n • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent (MAP and Map Section)
John Henry n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEast, OH (MAP and Map Section)
johnnycake n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
johnny house n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid and S Atl (MAP)
joint snake n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
jolt wagon n • S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
Jonah n B1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
jook n 2 • orig FL, later chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
jowl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Judas n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
jugarum n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
jug fishing vbl n • chiefly Missip Valley (MAP)
juice v • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
July fly n 1 • chiefly SE (MAP)
jumper n 7a • Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
jump the broom v phr • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
jump-the-rope n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Juneberry n 1 • chiefly MI, MN, WI; also PA (MAP)
junker n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
kaiser blade n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, esp MS (MAP)
kaput adj B • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
keen adj 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
keen adj 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
keep v B3 • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
keeps n pl 1 • scattered, but chiefly West, W Midl (MAP)
kernel n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl; also Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
kernel n 3 • widespread, but more freq Midl (MAP)
kerosene oil n • scattered, but esp SE, NEast (MAP and Map Section)
kettle n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
kettle n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, also NEast (MAP)
kettle n B1 • widespread, but less freq Sth (MAP and Map Section)
key n 3 • chiefly S Atl, AL (MAP and Map Section)
kick v B1 • chiefly sAppalachians, S Atl (MAP)
kick v B2 • scattered, but chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
kick v B3 • esp C Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
kick v B5 • Pacific NW (MAP)
kike n • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
killdeer n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW, Pacific (MAP)
killifish n 1 • chiefly seNY (MAP)
kiln n • esp C Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
kindling wood n • scattered, but more freq Atl (MAP)
kinfolk n pl • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
king n 2 • esp n and C Atl (MAP)
king bee n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
king’s ex exclam, n • chiefly west of Missip R, Gulf States, Ohio Valley (MAP and Map Section)
kipe v • scattered, but esp West (MAP)
kit n 2b • widespread, but somewhat more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
kitchen broom n • scattered, but less freq C and Mid Atl, SE (MAP)
kitchen garden n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
kitten n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
kittens, have v phr • esp Nth (MAP)
kitty n 3 • esp KY, MD, VA (MAP)
kitty-corner adv, adj 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
kitty wants a corner n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
klatch n • scattered, but chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Gt Lakes (MAP)
knee-deep n • esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
knepp n pl • chiefly PA (MAP)
knickknack n1 • esp Sth, Missip Valley (MAP)
knife n • esp Nth (MAP and Map Section)
knob n 1 • widespread, but more freq N Cent, Appalachians (MAP)
knob n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
knob n 3 • scattered, but esp Nth (MAP)
knock v 1 • scattered exc N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
knock v 2 • esp Sth (MAP)
knock down v phr 1 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
knot n1 2a • widespread, but less freq Nth (MAP)
knot n1 3 • chiefly Sth, Midl, Cent (MAP)
know v B3a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
know v B4a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
knuck n1 2a • esp W Midl (MAP)
kolacky n • chiefly WI, Upper MW (MAP)
kraut n 1 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
kraut n 2 • widespread, but less freq Mid and S Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
kuchen n • Ger settlement areas, esp N Cent, PA (MAP)
lace v 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
ladle n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
lady pea n • chiefly Sth, sS Midl (MAP)
lagging line n • chiefly West, Gulf States, W Midl, esp sIL (MAP)
lag line n • chiefly West, Missip Valley, sNJ (MAP)
lagniappe n • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA (MAP and Map Section)
lake trout n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
lamp oil n 1 • scattered, but esp Appalachians (MAP)
land frog n • chiefly Midl, C Atl (MAP)
land turtle n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
larch n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
larkspur n • chiefly West, S Midl (MAP)
larruping adj 1 • esp W Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
last button on Gabe’s coat n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
last couple out n • esp Upper MW, KS (MAP)
last-go-trade n • chiefly Mid and S Atl, WV (MAP)
last pea in the dish n • chiefly SE (MAP)
lather down, keep one’s v phr • esp WV (MAP)
law n1 B1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lawyer n B4 • esp MI, MN, WI (MAP)
lay v 1 • chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
lay low sheepie n • esp PA, NJ (MAP)
layover(s) to catch meddlers n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
leader n 3 • chiefly NY, NJ (MAP)
learn v B1 • scattered, but less freq West (MAP)
leather-winged bat n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
leave off v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
let on v phr • widespread exc NEng (MAP)
letter n 2 • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
lettuce bird n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
level n • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
level full adj phr • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
lick n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
licking good adj phr • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
lickskillet n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
licorice n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, nNEng (MAP)
lie v1 1 • esp Sth (MAP)
lie v1 3 • esp NEast, Midl (MAP)
lie down v phr 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lie out v phr 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians, GA, SC (MAP)
light v2 2 • scattered, but esp S Atl, sAppalachians (MAP)
light bread n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
light-fingered adj • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
lightning bug n • widespread, but slightly less freq Nth, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
lightwood n1 • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl (MAP)
like vbl aux E2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lima bean n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
limberneck n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
limey n1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
line n1 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng (MAP)
linn n 1 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
lister n 2 • chiefly Plains States (MAP)
litter n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
little Sally Walker n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
little Sally Water(s) n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp PA (MAP)
live in adultery v phr • scattered, but chiefly W Midl, S Atl (MAP)
liver pudding n • chiefly S and Mid Atl (MAP)
liver sausage n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
liverwurst n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
loaf bread n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
loafer v • chiefly sAppalachians (MAP)
loafing barn n • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, Midl (MAP)
lobber v • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp Upstate NY, CT, MI (MAP and Map Section)
local preacher n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, C Atl (MAP)
locked bowels n pl 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
locker n 2 • chiefly LA (MAP)
lockup n • scattered, but less freq West (MAP)
locoweed n • West (MAP)
loft n 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
loft n 2 • scattered, but chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP)
log cart n • esp C and S Atl (MAP)
loggerhead n 3 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
loggerhead n 5b • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
logrolling vbl n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
log wagon n 1 • scattered, but esp Lower Missip Valley, Ohio Valley, C Atl (MAP)
logy adj 1 • scattered, but more freq Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
lollipop n 1a • widespread, but esp freq NEast (MAP and Map Section)
long drawers n pl • scattered, but chiefly SE, C Atl, seNY (MAP)
longear n 1 • chiefly N Cent, West (MAP)
long-fingered adj • chiefly Gt Lakes, PA (MAP)
long handles n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
longies n pl • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP and Map Section)
long jeans n pl • scattered, but esp C Atl, NEast (MAP)
long john n 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
long john n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Upper MW, Plains States, MI (MAP)
long tom n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Lord n1 B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lord god n 1 • chiefly SE, esp Gulf States (MAP)
Lordy intj • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lot n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
lot n 1b(2) • widespread, but less freq N Atl, West (MAP)
lousy adj 2a • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lousy adj 2c • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lousy adj 2d • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth (MAP)
love child n • scattered, but more freq NEast, N Cent, Mid Atl (MAP)
low v, n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
low beam n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, C Atl, West (MAP)
low-down adj 2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lower v1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
low ground(s) n • chiefly Mid Atl (MAP)
low-quarter(ed) shoe n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
low-rate v • chiefly Sth (MAP)
low sick adj phr • Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States (MAP)
low-test adj • chiefly NEast, Mid Atl, N Cent (MAP)
Lucy Bowles n • scattered, but esp PA, NJ, seNY (MAP)
lug n1 1 • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
lumber wagon n • chiefly Nth, Cent (MAP)
lummox n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
lung fever n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
lutefisk n • chiefly Upper MW, WI, nwIL (MAP)
ma n A1 (pronc) • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
ma n A2 (pronc) • widespread, but less freq NEast (MAP)
ma n A3 (pronc) • esp SC, C Atl (MAP)
macadam n 1 • widespread, but chiefly NEast, Mid Atl, N Cent (MAP)
machine shed n • widespread, but esp freq Plains States, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
mackerel sky n • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
mackerel-snapper n • esp Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
mad adj 1a • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mad adj 1b • chiefly Sth (MAP)
mad adj 1c • chiefly Nth (MAP)
madam n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
maintainer n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, esp IA, MO (MAP)
make v1 C7 • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
make v1 D19 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
make v1 D21 • formerly widespread, now esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
make like v phr • widespread, but esp freq Sth (MAP)
make out v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
make over v phr • chiefly S Midl; also West (MAP)
make up v phr 2 • chiefly Atlantic (MAP)
male adj • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
mall n 1 • chiefly Upstate NY (MAP)
mamma n1 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
mam-maw n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mammoth adj, n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
mammy n1 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
man n C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mandrake n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
mango n 2 • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
maniportia n • chiefly MD (MAP)
manner n 3a • chiefly S Midl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
mantel n • esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
mantelboard n • esp TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
mantelpiece n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Atlantic (MAP)
maple bar n • West (MAP)
marble eye n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, Missip Valley (MAP)
mark v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
marketing n 1 • scattered, but esp east of Missip R (MAP)
marrowfat (bean) n • chiefly nNJ, NY, PA (MAP)
marsh hay n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Atlantic (MAP)
marsh hen n 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
marsh marigold n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
marsh rabbit n 2 • chiefly C Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
mash v1 1 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl; also West (MAP)
mason wasp n • chiefly Mid Atl, sAppalachians (MAP)
matterate v • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
mattock n • widespread, but more freq Appalachians (MAP)
mayapple n 1 • widespread exc West; less freq NEast, Sth (MAP)
May basket n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, Plains States (MAP)
May bug n 1 • esp N Cent (MAP)
meadowlark n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
meander v • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
measuring worm n • widespread exc NEng, West (MAP)
meat n 1 • widespread, but less freq S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
meat house n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
meat platter n • chiefly N Cent, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
median (strip) n 1a • widespread exc Pacific, Rocky Mts, LA, MS (MAP)
median (strip) n 1b • chiefly PA, sNJ; also HI (MAP)
median (strip) n 1c • chiefly Midl (MAP)
median (strip) n 1e • scattered, but rare Sth, West (MAP)
mend v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mesa n 1 • chiefly West, esp SW, CO (MAP)
mess up v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
Mexican bean n 1 • chiefly West (MAP)
mib n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
Mick n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
Mick n 2 • scattered, but esp PA (MAP)
middlebuster n 1 • chiefly Sth, TX (MAP)
middleman n 1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
middling n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mig n • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
mighty adv • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
milch cow n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
milk cow n • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
milk house n • widespread, but less freq Sth, Atlantic (MAP)
milking cow n • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
milk room n • scattered, but chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
milk snake n 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
milk train n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
milo maize n • chiefly Plains States, SW (MAP)
milquetoast n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
mince v • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl (MAP)
mincemeat n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
mince pie n • esp NEast (MAP)
miner’s consumption n • chiefly West, esp CA, NV, CO (MAP)
minnow n A1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
minnow n A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
minnow n A3 • chiefly N Midl, Inland Nth (MAP)
mist n 4 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mister n 1 • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, PA (MAP)
mist rain v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mitt n 2 • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
mitten n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
mixed-breed n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
moccasin flower n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
moist yeast n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
molasses n C1 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)
mom n1 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth (MAP)
mom-mom n • PA, NJ, DE, MD (MAP)
money cat n • chiefly NEng, esp ME (MAP)
mongrel n (pronc) • widespread, but esp NEast (MAP)
monkey n1 B3 • sePA, sNJ (MAP)
monkey n1 B5 • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
monkey v • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
monkey bite n 1 • chiefly CA, also C and S Atl (MAP)
mopboard n • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
morel n2 • chiefly N Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
mosquito hawk n 2a • chiefly Sth, but scattered Missip Valley (MAP and Map Section)
most time(s) adv phr • esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
mother dear n • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
mother, may I n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
motte n • chiefly TX (MAP)
mountain ash n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
mountain canary n • chiefly West (MAP)
mountain dew n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mountaineer n • scattered, but chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
mountain lion n • chiefly West (MAP)
mourners’ bench n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mouse n B3 • scattered, but rare Sth (MAP)
mouse cat n • esp Ohio Valley, Gulf States (MAP)
mouth harp n 1 • scattered, but less freq NEast, W Midl (MAP and Map Section)
mouth organ n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Inland Nth, C Atl; also S Atl, SW (MAP and Map Section)
move-up n • esp Ohio Valley, NEast (MAP)
mow n1 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
mow v • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
mow away v phr • chiefly NEng, NY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
mow hole n • esp Appalachians, PA, NJ (MAP)
mowing n attrib • chiefly NEng (MAP)
mowing blade n • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians (MAP)
moxie n 2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
muck n1 1a • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
mud v 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
mud boat n 1 • chiefly OH, IN, sIL (MAP)
mud dauber n 1 • chiefly Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
mud duck n 1 • chiefly Midl, N Cent (MAP)
mud hen n 1b • widespread, but more freq Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
mud swallow n • chiefly West; also PA, NY, NJ (MAP)
mud wasp n • chiefly NEast; also Inland Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
mule n1 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mule n1 6 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
muley adj, n2 A1 (pronc) • widespread exc Atlantic coast (MAP)
muley adj, n2 A2 (pronc) • scattered, but less freq Atlantic coast, Gulf States (MAP)
muley adj, n2 A3 (pronc) • chiefly Upstate NY, nPA, wGt Lakes (MAP)
muley adj B1 • widespread, but less freq Atlantic coast (MAP)
muley-head n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
mulligrubs n pl 1 • scattered, but esp Sth (MAP)
multiplying onion n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mum n1 • chiefly NEng, wPA (MAP)
mumblety-peg n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mumblety-peg n 2 • widespread, but less freq NEast, C Atl (MAP)
mumblety-peg n 3 • scattered, but esp Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
murphy n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
murrain n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
muscadine (grape) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mush n1 1 • widespread, but esp Pacific (MAP)
mushrat n 1 • widespread exc West (MAP)
mushroom n (pronc) • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mushroom n (pronc) • chiefly NEast, Midl, N Cent (MAP)
musical chairs n pl • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
muskellunge n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes, OH, PA, Upstate NY (MAP)
muskmelon n (pronc) • widespread, but less freq Sth, West..|ˈmʌsk̩mɛlən| (MAP)
muskmelon n (pronc) • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, N Atl..|ˈmʌš̩mɛlən| (MAP)
muskrat n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
musky adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl; scattered NEast (MAP)
mustard pickle n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
nail bar n • scattered, but esp West, Gulf States (MAP)
naked adj (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
nana n1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
nanny n1 • scattered exc nNEng, Upper MW, Cent (MAP)
nappy n1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
nary adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
nasty adj • scattered, but esp Sth (MAP)
nasty-neat adj • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
nasty-nice adj • scattered, but less freq NEast (MAP)
nauseous adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NYC, NJ, PA (MAP)
navel n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
navy bean n • widespread, but less freq NEast (MAP)
neap n1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
nearside horse n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
neb-nose n • chiefly PA (MAP)
nerved up adj phr • chiefly NEast (MAP)
netting (wire) n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
nettle rash n • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
net wire n • scattered, but chiefly Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
neutral ground n • chiefly LA, sMS (MAP)
New England (boiled) dinner n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
newground n 1a • chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
new-milch adj • chiefly NEng (MAP)
nib n1 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
nib n2 1 • chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
nick n1 • Delmarva (MAP)
nicker n1, v • widespread exc NEast, Gt Lakes; less freq S Atl (MAP and Map Section)
nigger n1 B11 • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
nigger baby n 1 • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, seNY (MAP)
nigger baby n 3 • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP)
nigger fish v phr • scattered, but more freq Inland Nth, West (MAP)
niggerhead n 1 • widespread exc Gulf States (MAP)
niggerhead n 3b • chiefly TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
nigger heaven n 1 • chiefly Nth, Plains States, Rocky Mts, CA (MAP)
nigger navel n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
nigger town n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
nigh horse n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
night crawler n • widespread exc Sth (MAP)
night glass n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
night-hunting vbl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
night pasture n • scattered, but esp eGt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
night walker n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
ninny n2 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
nippity-tuck adv, adj • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
nit fly n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
nix adv 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
no-account adj • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Midl (MAP)
no-count adj • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Norski n • chiefly MI, WI, Upper MW, Pacific NW (MAP)
northeaster n • chiefly Atlantic; also Gt Lakes (MAP)
north end of a chicken flying south n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
norther n • chiefly TX (MAP)
northern n 1 • chiefly MN, WI (MAP)
northern bean n • scattered, but esp Sth, Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
northern pike n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes (MAP)
northwester n • chiefly Atlantic, Gulf States, Gt Lakes (MAP)
Norway pine n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp MI, WI, MN (MAP)
no-see-um n 1 • chiefly Nth, Pacific (MAP)
notch n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
notch n 2 • scattered, but less freq NEast, West (MAP)
nut v • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
nut grass n 1 • scattered, but chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
oats n pl 1 • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
oats bug n 1 • chiefly N Midl (MAP)
oceans n pl • scattered, but less freq S Midl, SW (MAP)
October bean n • chiefly sAppalachians, IN (MAP)
of prep Bb • esp Appalachians, Lower Missip Valley, SW (MAP)
of prep C4 • widespread, but esp NEast, eN Midl (MAP)
off adj D2 • scattered, but somewhat more freq NEast, N Cent (MAP)
off prep C1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl (MAP)
offside horse n • scattered, but esp nAppalachians (MAP)
oiled road n • scattered, but chiefly West, NEast (MAP)
Okie n • chiefly Pacific, esp CA (MAP)
okra soup n • chiefly SC (MAP)
Old Boy n • esp east of Missip R (MAP)
old cat n 1 • N Cent, Plains States (MAP)
old maid n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
old maid n 4 • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Old Scratch n • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng (MAP)
Ole Ole Olson all in free exclam • chiefly N Cent, Pacific; also NEast (MAP)
on prep B3a • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
on prep B9 • chiefly S and Mid Atl, PA (MAP)
one-eyed cat n 1 • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
one old cat n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
one-sided adj, adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
oniony adj • chiefly NC, VA (MAP and Map Section)
oodlins n pl • S Midl, esp KY, TN (MAP)
oo-wee exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
oozy adj • Nth, N Midl (MAP)
open-and-shut adj • chiefly N Atl (MAP)
open peach n • chiefly sAppalachians, Mid Atl (MAP)
orchard grass n • chiefly Nth, Midl, esp S Midl (MAP)
ornery adj B4 • esp MO (MAP)
Osage orange n • widespread exc S Atl, Inland Sth, Gulf States (MAP)
out adj D2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
out n F2a • scattered exc NEast, C Atl (MAP)
out n F2b • scattered, but less freq NEng, Sth (MAP)
out prep E • chiefly Sth, Midl; also NEast (MAP)
out v C3 • chiefly eSC, eGA (MAP)
outen v 1 • chiefly PA; also SC (MAP)
outlander n • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
outside child n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
oven n 2 • chiefly NEast, OH, MI, CA (MAP)
over exclam F • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
overseer n 2 • formerly chiefly NEast; now scattered, but less freq N Cent, NEast (MAP)
owly adj • chiefly Upper MW, Gt Lakes (MAP)
pa n A1 (pronc) • widespread, but esp NEast, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
pa n A2 (pronc) • widespread exc NEast (MAP)
pa n A3 (pronc) • chiefly Mid Atl, esp SC (MAP)
pa n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pack v 1 • chiefly West, Missip Valley, sAppalachians (MAP)
packhouse n • esp GA, NC, eSC, VA (MAP)
packsaddle worm n • esp sAppalachians (MAP)
pad n2 3 • widespread, but esp NEast (MAP)
paddy n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, esp NEast (MAP)
pail n 2b • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
pail v 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
paint adj • widespread, but chiefly SW, esp TX (MAP)
pale fence n • chiefly Atlantic, esp PA (MAP)
paling fence n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pallet n • chiefly Sth, W Midl, SW (MAP)
pancake turner n • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl, PA (MAP)
panel fence n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
pan-fried potatoes n pl • chiefly NEast, Midl (MAP)
panhas n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
panther n A1 (pronc) • scattered, but more freq Appalachians, Inland Sth (MAP)
panther n C1 • widespread, but chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAPand Map Section)
pantywaist n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
pap n 1 • chiefly Midl, S Atl (MAP)
papa n2 2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
paper wasp n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
pa-paw n2 (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pappy n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
parasol n B1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
parking n 2a • chiefly NW, Plains States, IA; also N Cent, sCA (MAP)
parking n 2b • chiefly NW, esp WA (MAP)
parkway n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, CT, NJ (MAP)
parkway n 3 • scattered, but esp Missip-Ohio Valleys, West (MAP)
parlor n B1 • scattered, but esp C Atl, N Cent, NW (MAP)
parlor n B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
parrot-toed adj • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
parson’s nose n • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
partner n A • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
partridge n A1 (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
partridge n A2 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, Midl, now esp NEng, NY (MAP)
partridge n A3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
partridge n A4 (pronc) • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, Mid Atl (MAP)
pass n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, esp Upstate NY (MAP)
passion mark n • scattered, but less freq NEng, Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
pass words v phr 1 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pasture-bred adj • chiefly N Midl (MAP)
pasty n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Gt Lakes, esp MI (MAP)
pat n3 • Nth, esp MI (MAP)
patch n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
pattypan squash n • scattered, but esp C Atl (MAP)
pawpaw n1 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
payoff n • esp NEast (MAP)
pea bean n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
peace n • widespread in literary use, but chiefly Sth, S Midl in oral use (MAP)
peacebreaker n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
peach pickle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
peanut gallery n • scattered, but chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
peanut heaven n • chiefly OH, PA, C Atl (MAP)
pear pickle n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
peart adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pea soup n 1 • chiefly NEast, nGt Lakes (MAP)
peavine n 2 • esp OH (MAP)
peckerwood n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
peddle v a • chiefly Nth, West, Mid Atl (MAP)
pedro n (pronc) • chiefly Inland Nth (exc Upper MW, NW), CA (MAP)
pee ant n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
pee-jib n • esp S Atl, Inland Sth (MAP)
peeper n1 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
peeper n2 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
peggy n1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
penknife n • chiefly N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
penny pencil n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
penoche n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
peony n1 1 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
peony n1 2 (pronc) • chiefly Cent, Mid Atl, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
people n B2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pepper belly n • chiefly TX (MAP)
pepper cabbage n • chiefly PA (MAP)
pepper pot (soup) n • esp ePA (MAP)
perambulator n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
persimmon beer n • chiefly Sth, esp SC (MAP)
persnickety adj • scattered, but more freq Nth, Midl (MAP)
pet v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
p.g. adj • chiefly west of Missip R, N Cent (MAP)
phiz n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
piazza n • chiefly NEast, S Atl (MAP)
piccalilli n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pick v 1 • scattered, but esp nMI (MAP)
pick v 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pickle n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
picture show n • widespread, but less freq NEast, C Atl, Pacific (MAP)
pick up v phr 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
piddle v 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
piece n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
piece n 7 • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl, TX (MAP)
piece n 8 • chiefly N Midl, West (MAP)
piece v 1 • chiefly N Midl, West (MAP)
pie melon n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
pieplant n • widespread exc Sth (MAP)
pie social n • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
pie squash n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
pie supper n • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
pig n1 B16 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
piggery n 1 • esp NEast (MAP)
pig in a bag n • chiefly Atlantic (MAP)
pigoo exclam • chiefly OH Valley, Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
pigtail exclam a • scattered, but less freq NEast, S Atl (MAP)
pig yard n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
pilau n1 • chiefly SC, GA, FL (MAP)
pill n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NCent, Cent, West (MAP)
pilon n • chiefly TX (MAP)
pimp stick n • esp Nth, West (MAP)
pinch bug n • chiefly N Midl, N Cent (MAP)
pin cherry n 1 • Nth, esp MI, MN, WI (MAP)
pinchers n pl • widely scattered, but esp freq Nth, Midl, TX (MAP)
pinder n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
pink bean n • esp CA (MAP)
pinochle n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pinto adj • orig SW; now widespread, but more freq West (MAP)
pinto bean n • orig chiefly SW, but now widely scattered exc NEast (MAP)
pip n1 • esp Mid Atl (MAP)
pipe, take the v phr • esp NYC, C Atl (MAP)
pipjenny n • esp Delmarva, S Atl (MAP)
pirogue n • chiefly Missip Valley; now esp MS, LA (MAP)
pismire n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
piss-a-bed n 1 • chiefly C and N Atl exc NEng (MAP)
piss-a-bed n 3 • chiefly sNEng, esp MA (MAP)
piss ant n 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq NEast, Gulf States (MAP)
piss elm n • chiefly N Cent, Missip Valley, Upstate NY (MAP)
piss oak n • chiefly NEng, NY (MAP)
pit n2 1a • widespread, but somewhat less freq Mid and S Atl, W Midl (MAP)
pit n2 1b • widespread, but somewhat more freq Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)
pit n2 1c • chiefly Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)
pitch n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
pitch n2 1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY, Delmarva, Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
pitch v 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pitchfork n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
pitchfork n 3b • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
pitchfork n 3c • chiefly N Cent, Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
pitchhole n 2 • NEng, neNY (MAP)
pitch-in dinner n • chiefly IN; also MT (MAP)
pith n • widespread, but less freq Nth, West (MAP)
plague n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEast (MAP)
plait v • chiefly Sth, Midl, SW (MAP)
plank fence n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
plastered adj • widespread, but less freq W Midl, West (MAP)
play like v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
play off v phr 1 • esp Midl, Sth (MAP)
play-party n • chiefly W Midl, TX (MAP)
play-pretty n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
play-toy n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
plum peach n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
poach v A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
poach v A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth (MAP)
pocketbook roll n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp PA (MAP)
pod n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
pod v 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Podunk n 1 • scattered, but less freq C and S Atl, West (MAP)
poig exclam • scattered, but esp WI, MI, MN (MAP)
poison ivy n 1 • widespread, but less freq Pacific (MAP)
poison oak n 1 • widespread, but slightly less freq NEast (MAP)
poison sumac n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, W Midl (MAP)
poke n1 1a • chiefly Midl, esp Appalachians (MAP)
poke n3 1 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
pokeberry n 1 • chiefly Midl, esp S Midl (MAP)
poke bonnet n • formerly widespread, now more freq Sth, SW (MAP)
poker n1 2 • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
poke salad n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Polack n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Polander n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
pole n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
pole barn n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Gt Lakes, Upstate NY, CT, Mid Atl (MAP)
polecat n 1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
polenta n • formerly esp CA, but now more widely recognized (MAP)
Polish sausage n • scattered, but esp Nth (MAP)
polish up v phr • scattered, but esp Inland Sth, W Midl; also NEast (MAP)
pollywog n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
pom-pom-pullaway n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Plains States, Rocky Mts, sCA (MAP)
pone bread n 1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pooey exclam • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Upper MW; also C Atl (MAP)
pooh out v phr • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
poop v, n • widespread, but more freq NEng, NY, Gt Lakes, S Atl, West (MAP)
poor adj Ba • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
poor adj Bb • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
poor boy n 1 • orig New Orleans LA; now widespread exc NEast, Mid Atl; esp freq Gulf States, TN, TX (MAP)
poor White n 2a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, SW (MAP)
poot v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pop n1 • widespread, but less freq N Atl, ePA, Sth, eMO, sIL (MAP)
pop n2 1 • scattered, but esp Atlantic, Gulf States (MAP)
pop call n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pope’s nose n 1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, CA, TX (MAP)
popple n1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, IN (MAP)
pop-pop n • chiefly PA, NJ, DE, MD (MAP)
pop-the-whip n • chiefly Sth, Lower Missip Valley, West (MAP)
porky n2 • chiefly Nth, nCA (MAP)
porridge n B1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
portico n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
Portuguese n, adj A • esp sNEng, CA, HI Portagee, Porte(r)gee,.. (MAP)
possum n 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
possum grape n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
post-and-rail fence n • chiefly NJ, Delmarva, WV, KY, OH, scattered NEng (MAP)
post oak n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
pot n 1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
potato n A3 (pronc) • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
potato n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
potato onion n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
pot cheese n • chiefly NY, NJ, nPA, CT (MAP)
pothole n 3 • scattered, but more freq Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
potlicker n1 2 • esp Gulf States (MAP)
potluck meal n • widespread, but less freq Sth, C Atl, NY (MAP and Map Section)
potpie n 1 • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
potsy n 1 • chiefly NYC (MAP)
poule d’eau n 1 • chiefly LA (MAP)
poultry wire n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pound n2 1 • esp Delmarva (MAP)
pounding n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
pound sand down a rathole v phr 1 • chiefly west of Missip R, N Cent, Upstate NY (MAP)
pour v, n B1a • chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
pour piss out of a boot v phr • scattered, but less freq Nth (MAP)
powder n B • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Appalachians (MAP)
powder room n • scattered, but more freq C Atl, Midl (MAP)
prairie dog n • chiefly West (MAP)
praline n B • formerly esp LA, TX, but now widely recognized (MAP)
pram n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
prank v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
prat n • esp Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
preach v • widely scattered, but less freq NEast, West (MAP)
preacher’s nose n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
preserve n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
press n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
press meat n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
press peach n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
Primitive Baptist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
princeton n • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
prisoner’s base n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
priss v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
prissy adj 1 • widespread exc NEng (MAP)
prize n 1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
proboscis n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
prod pole n • chiefly Rocky Mts, SW (MAP)
proud adj 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pudding n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Mid and S Atl (MAP)
puff n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
pug n • chiefly NEng, wGt Lakes, CA (MAP)
pull v 3 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
pulled candy n • chiefly Atlantic, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pully bone n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK, IL, IN (MAP)
pumpkinseed n 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
pumpknot n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
puncture vine n • West, esp CA (MAP)
pung n • chiefly NEng, NY (MAP)
punk n2 2 • formerly chiefly N and C Atl; now esp PA (MAP)
punkie n1 1 • chiefly Upstate NY, PA (MAP)
punky adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
punt n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
puny adj 1 • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
push broom n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
push little ducks in the water, mean enough to adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
pussley n 1a • scattered, but esp freq NEast, NCent, Atlantic (MAP)
pussy n 4 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
put-on n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
put out v phr 2 • esp Sth (MAP)
put up v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
putz v • esp wGt Lakes (MAP)
quack grass n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, Appalachians (MAP)
quadrille n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
quahog n 1 • chiefly N Atl coast, esp MA, RI (MAP)
Quaker ladies n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp PA (MAP)
quarter n 1 • chiefly Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
quill pig n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
quits exclam • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl, SW, Cent (MAP)
quitting stick n • esp S Midl (MAP)
quoit n A1 (pronc) • formerly widespread, now esp NJ, PA, Upstate NY, wMA (MAP)
quoit n B • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Pacific, esp NEast (MAP)
rabbit hawk n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rabbit tobacco n 1a • chiefly SE, VA (MAP)
rack n2 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rack v1 • scattered exc NEast (MAP)
racket store n • formerly more widespread; now esp TX (MAP)
rack wagon n • chiefly N Midl, esp cIL (MAP)
rainbird n 1c • chiefly Midl, esp Appalachians (MAP)
rain crow n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
rainfrog n 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
rain gutter n • scattered, but esp West (MAP)
rainspout n • scattered, but esp PA, MD, NJ (MAP)
raise v B3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
raise v C1b • widespread exc Sth, TX (MAP)
raised in a barn adj phr • widespread, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
raised ppl adj 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
raising n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
ram v 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
ramrod n • chiefly S Midl, West (MAP)
rams n • chiefly C Atl (MAP)
ramshacklety adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ranch n • chiefly West (MAP)
range shelter n • esp NEast (MAP)
rank v 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, Midl (MAP)
rareripe n 2 • chiefly sNEng (MAP)
rastus n2 • esp KY (MAP)
rat n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
rat v 1 • esp Gulf States, Missip Valley (MAP)
rat cat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ratgut n • esp PA, NY, NJ (MAP)
rather n • chiefly Sth, W Midl (MAP)
rat snake n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
rattler n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, Delmarva (MAP)
rattlesnake n 1 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
rawbone adj • widespread, but somewhat less freq Nth (MAP)
rawbony adj • chiefly Sth (MAP)
raw-fried potatoes n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
reach n B1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
reap hook n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
reckon v B1a • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
red adj Aa(2) • chiefly S Midl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
red bean n • scattered, but more freq Gulf States, West, Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
redbird n b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
red bone n 1 • now chiefly LA, TX (MAP)
redbreast n 2 • S Atl (MAP)
redbug n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
redd v 3a • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
redd v 3b • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
red dog n • chiefly wPA, WV, OH (MAP)
red-eye gravy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
redfish n a • Gulf States (MAP)
red gravy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
red gum n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
red haw n 1 • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
redhorse n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
red in the comb adj phr • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
red kidney bean n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
red light n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, PA (MAP)
red-neck n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States (MAP)
red-neck n 4 • chiefly N Midl, West (MAP)
red wagon n • chiefly SE (MAP)
red wasp n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
red wiggler n • chiefly SE (MAP)
redworm n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
reedbird n 1 • esp C Atl (MAP)
reefer n • esp NEast (MAP)
refried beans n pl • orig chiefly sCA, but now widely recognized (MAP)
rein n B • widespread, but somewhat less freq Midl (MAP)
relation n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
relation n 2 • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rent house n • scattered, but esp TX, AR (MAP)
resin n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
rest room n • scattered exc NEast, but esp freq S Midl (MAP)
ricebird n 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
ricebird n 4 • chiefly Gulf States, GA (MAP)
rich pine n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rick n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Midl (MAP)
rick v • chiefly W Midl, West (MAP)
ridge roll n • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes, Pacific (MAP)
riding plow n • esp Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
right adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rigor n • esp Gulf States, TX (MAP)
riley adj 1 • Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
ring-around-a-rosy n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rinse v, n 1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rinse v, n 2 (pronc) • esp Midl, Sth (MAP)
rinse v, n 4 (pronc) • widespread exc NEng (MAP)
rise v A1a • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, SW; also NEast (MAP)
rise v A2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rise v A2b • scattered, but esp SE, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
rising n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
road wagon n 1 • formerly more widespread, but now esp Ohio Valley (MAP)
roasting ear n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
roasting ear n A2 (pronc) • scattered, but esp Midl (MAP)
roasting ear n B1 • widespread exc NEast (MAP)
Robin Hood’s barn, go (all the way) around v phr • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, C Atl, WV (MAP)
rock n1 4a • widespread, but less freq NEast (MAP)
rock n1 4b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rock n1 5 • chiefly Upper Missip and Ohio Valleys, C and S Atl (MAP)
rock fence n • widespread exc NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
rock maple n 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
rock wall n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
rodeo n B • orig chiefly West, esp TX; now more widely recognized (MAP)
rogue n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rolly-holey n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Roman cannon n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Rook n2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
roost n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, SC, TX, W Midl, esp IN (MAP)
root cellar n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
rooter n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
root house n • chiefly Nth, esp Gt Lakes, WA (MAP)
rope n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
rosin n B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rotary n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
rotten adj 1 • scattered, but esp C Atl, N Cent (MAP)
rotten adj 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
rotten adj 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rotten v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
rough adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
round square n • esp Nth (MAP)
round squash n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
route n A1 (pronc) • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
route n A2 • scattered, but chiefly IL, OH, wPA, WV, MD (MAP)
route n B1 • chiefly NEast, WV, OH, IL, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
row n 4 • chiefly Nth, Atlantic, Gulf States (MAP)
rowen n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
rubber ice n • chiefly Nth, wN Midl (MAP)
rube n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ruffed grouse n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
ruin v A2b(pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
ruin v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rum n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Mid Atl (MAP)
rum n3 • NCent, PA (MAP)
rum-dum n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, C Atl (MAP)
rummy n 1 • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
run n 1a • scattered, but chiefly wPA, OH, WV, MD (MAP)
run v B2 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
runaround n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
running off (at the bowels) n • widespread exc NEast, C Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
run one’s mouth v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
runs n pl • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
run sheep run n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sack n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, sPA (MAP)
sack n 2a • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
saddle n 4 • scattered, but esp Sth (MAP)
saddle board n • scattered, but esp NEng, Gulf States (MAP)
saddle horse n • scattered, but esp C and Mid Atl (MAP)
safe n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
saffron bread n • Nth, esp MI (MAP)
sagebrush n 1 • chiefly West (MAP)
salad n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
Sally Lunn n 1 • esp NC, VA (MAP)
salt hay n • chiefly N Atl (MAP)
salt meat n • Lower Missip Valley, esp LA (MAP)
salt pork n • scattered, but somewhat more freq NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
salt-rising n • scattered, but more freq W Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
salt shake n • scattered, but esp S Midl (MAP)
salute n • scattered, but more freq NEast, rare West (MAP)
sand-and-clay road n • chiefly S Atl, VA (MAP)
sand fly n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, TX, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
sand gnat n • scattered, but chiefly SE (MAP)
sandspur n • SE (MAP)
Santa Ana n • chiefly sCA (MAP)
sap v 2 • esp Pacific (MAP)
sass-box n • widespread exc NEng (MAP)
saucebox n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
saucedish n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
saucer n B2 • esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
sauerbraten n • esp N Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
sauerkraut n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
sauerkraut n 2 • chiefly Nth, esp NW, Upper MW (MAP)
saw exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
saw bench n • esp S and Mid Atl (MAP)
sawbuck n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
saw frame n • esp SE (MAP)
saw logs v phr • widespread exc NEast (MAP)
sawmill, born in a adj phr • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
saw rack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
saw-whet owl n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng, NY (MAP)
saw wood v phr • widespread, but less freq S Atl, Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
sawyer n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
scale n • esp NEast, Sth (MAP)
scale v2 2 • chiefly NEng, NY (MAP)
scallion n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, S Atl (MAP)
scaly bark n • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
Scandihoovian n, adj • chiefly Upper MW, Pacific (MAP)
scarf n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
scary adj B • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEast (MAP)
scat intj • Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP and Map Section)
scavenger hunt n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
schafskopf n • chiefly WI (MAP)
schnitz n1 • chiefly PA (MAP)
schnozzle n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
scholar n • scattered, but esp Atlantic, N Cent (MAP)
schottische n • widespread exc Appalachians, Mid and S Atl (MAP)
scissortail n 1 • esp TX, Cent (MAP)
scoop n 1 • scattered, but esp NY, PA, IN (MAP)
scoot v 2 • widespread exc NEast, C Atl (MAP)
scooter n1 1 • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
Scotch adj • esp Nth, N Midl, Plains States (MAP)
scours n pl • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
scrap n • chiefly Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
scrapple n • scattered, but chiefly Midl, esp PA, MD, C Atl (MAP)
scratcher n 2 • scattered, but esp Midl, SE (MAP)
scritch owl n • chiefly S Midl, Mid Atl (MAP)
scrooch owl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
scrub n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, TX, Gulf States (MAP)
scrub broom n • esp Midl (MAP)
scrub pad n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
scum n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
scuppernong n • chiefly SE, esp SC, GA (MAP)
scuttle n • NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sea cook n • widespread exc Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sea foam n 1 • esp PA, Mid and C Atl, N Cent (MAP)
second cutting n • widespread, but less freq nNEng (MAP and Map Section)
section harrow n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, SE (MAP)
see v B2b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
see v B3a • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
see v B3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
seed n 1 • widespread exc Nth (MAP and Map Section)
seed tick n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
seegar n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
seep v 2 • esp N Midl (MAP)
seesaw n 1 • chiefly Atlantic, Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP and Map Section)
see you in church exclam • chiefly Nth, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
self-sown adj phr • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
semi n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, West (MAP)
serenade n • chiefly Appalachians, Atlantic exc sNEng (MAP)
serviceberry n • chiefly S Midl, Pacific NW, Rocky Mts (MAP)
setback n 2 • chiefly SE, Mid Atl, Appalachians, CT (MAP)
set horses v phr • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl (MAP)
setline n • chiefly Inland Nth, S Atl (MAP)
setting hen n • widespread, but somewhat less freq NEast (MAP)
set up v phr 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
seven-year itch n 2a • chiefly Midl (MAP)
seven-year itch n 1 • scattered, but less freq NEast, West (MAP)
sewing needle n • esp MI, WI, MN, MA (MAP and Map Section)
shackly adj • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
shad fly n • chiefly NEast; also Missip Valley, GA (MAP)
shagbark hickory n • chiefly NEng, N Cent, sAppalachians (MAP)
shakedown n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
shallot n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP and Map Section)
shank’s horse n • esp Inland Nth (MAP)
shank’s pony n • chiefly N Cent, Pacific (MAP)
shanty n 3 • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
sharecropper n • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
share farmer n • esp PA, N Cent (MAP)
sheaf n • widespread, but esp PA, MD, WV, OH (MAP)
shed room n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
sheeny n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
sheep burr n • scattered, but chiefly C and Mid Atl (MAP)
sheep fly n • esp MD, DE (MAP)
sheepie exclam • scattered, but chiefly Midl (MAP)
sheepshead n 5 • chiefly WI (MAP)
shellbark hickory n • esp NJ, PA, WV, N Cent (MAP)
shell bean n • scattered, but esp NEng (MAP)
shell road n • chiefly C and S Atl, LA, seTX (MAP)
shelly bean n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
shepherd’s pie n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp PA (MAP)
shew intj • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
shifty adj 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
shilling n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
shine n 2 • scattered, but chiefly S Atl (MAP)
shine n 4 • scattered, but esp Atlantic, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
shine v • scattered, but chiefly MI, WI, MN (MAP)
shiner n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, Gt Lakes, Gulf States (MAP)
shinny n1 1 • scattered exc Sth (MAP)
shinny v • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
shit, meaner than adj phr • chiefly NJ, PA, NY (MAP)
shivaree n B1 • widespread, but less freq Atlantic, Gulf States exc FL (MAP and Map Section)
shivaree n B2 • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, esp LA (MAP)
shivering owl n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
shock n1 1 • chiefly Midl, Sth, West (MAP)
shoestring n 3 • chiefly NYC, C Atl (MAP)
shoestring potato n • scattered, but esp West, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
shoofly pie n • chiefly PA (MAP)
shooter n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
short-patient adj phr • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
shouting Methodist n • scattered, but esp C Atl, PA, OH, WV (MAP)
shove v 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
shovel plow n • scattered, but chiefly W Midl (MAP)
shower of rain n • esp SE (MAP)
show house n • scattered, but esp West, WI (MAP)
show out v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
shrivel v1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl..|ˈswɪvəl(d)|; also |ˈsrɪvəl(d)| (MAP)
shuck n1 1d • formerly more widepread, now esp Nth (MAP)
shuck n1 2b • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
shuck n1 4 • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
shuck v1 1c • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
shut adj b • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
shut-mouth n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sic ’em, not to know v phr • chiefly Inland Nth, esp Pacific NW, Rocky Mts, Upper MW (MAP)
sickness n • scattered, but esp C and Mid Atl (MAP)
sick time n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
side and side adv phr • chiefly NEast; also Sth, S Midl (MAP)
side by each adv phr • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
side ditch n • chiefly Midl, esp Mid Atl (MAP)
side harrow n • esp Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
sidehill n 2b • chiefly NEast (MAP)
sidehill n 2c • chiefly Nth (MAP)
side meat n • widespread, but more freq Midl, Sth (MAP)
side pork n • chiefly Inland Nth, IA (MAP)
side room n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sideways n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
siehst du interrog exclam • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
silk-stocking n attrib • scattered, but esp Gulf States, TX, Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
sill cock n • chiefly NEng, N Cent (MAP)
singletree n • widespread exc NEast, MI (MAP)
sinker n 2b • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sire n 1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
sirree bob n • scattered, but esp Sth, wTX, N Midl, NYC (MAP)
sit v1 2b • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sit v1 3b • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sitter n • scattered exc NEast, West (MAP)
sizzer n1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY (MAP)
sizzler n 3 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
skate n2 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
skate v 2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
skeet v 3 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
skew- pref a • chiefly Nth, CA (MAP)
skew- pref b • chiefly Nth, esp NY, MI, WI (MAP)
skew- pref c • esp Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
skew- pref d • scattered, but esp freq West (MAP)
skift n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly Midl (MAP)
skift n2 1 • widespread exc NEast, Sth, SW (MAP)
skillet n 1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq Midl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
skillpot n • esp DC, MD, VA, WV (MAP)
skimmelton n • chiefly Hudson Valley, nNJ, nePA (MAP)
skin v B1 • scattered, but somewhat more freq S Midl, West (MAP)
skin v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
skinny v • esp S Midl (MAP)
skip v 1 • widespread, but esp freq Nth (MAP)
skitters n • chiefly PA, MD, WV, OH (MAP)
skull orchard n • chiefly Appalachians, SE (MAP)
slab n 1 • scattered, but esp IL, IN, MO (MAP)
slab bacon n • scattered, but more freq Sth (MAP)
slack adj 3 • NEast (MAP)
slam n 1 • esp N Cent, Gt Lakes (MAP)
slap adv 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
slapdab adv 1 • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
slapjack n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
slat bonnet n • esp Mid Atl, S Midl (MAP)
slaunchwise adj, adv • scattered, but chiefly W Midl, West (MAP)
sled n • widespread exc Nth (MAP and Map Section)
sled ride v phr • esp wPA, eIN, sAppalachians (MAP)
sleep in v phr • widespread, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sleep over v phr • scattered, but esp NEng (MAP)
sleigh n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, esp MI, WI, MN (MAP)
sleigh n 2 • scattered, but esp S Midl, C Atl, Inland Nth (MAP)
slick and a promise n • chiefly NJ (MAP)
slick elm n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
slide n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
slide n 2 • esp Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
sling blade n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
slinging statues n • scattered, but esp Inland Sth, PA (MAP)
slip v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl (MAP)
slip n2 1 • esp West (MAP)
slip n3 1 • esp KY, OH (MAP)
slippery jim n • chiefly WI (MAP)
slippy adj • chiefly PA; also Sth (MAP)
slop v • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
slop bucket n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
slouch n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
slough n1 • widespread exc NEast, C Atl (MAP)
slough grass n 1 • chiefly Upper MW, Upper Missip Valley, Plains States (MAP)
slue-footed adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
smart adj 1 • esp NEng (MAP)
smart adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
smartweed n • widespread, but chiefly Midl, N Cent, Cent (MAP)
smear n 2 • chiefly MI, WI, MN (MAP)
smearcase n • chiefly N Midl, esp PA, OH, MD, WV (MAP)
smoothing harrow n • scattered, but more freq Nth, esp wNEng (MAP)
smoothing iron n • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
smother v 1 • chiefly Gulf States (MAP)
smother v 2 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
snail n • esp CA (MAP)
snake n 1a(1) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
snake n 1a(2) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
snake n 1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians (MAP)
snake n 3a • scattered, but more freq Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
snake n 3b • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, KS, OK (MAP)
snake doctor n 2 • chiefly Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
snake feeder n 1 • chiefly Midl, Plains States (MAP and Map Section)
snap v 3 • esp Mid and S Atl, nNEng (MAP)
snap bean n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
snap-the-whip n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
sneak n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
sneaker n 1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq NEast, N Cent (MAP)
sneaky Pete n 1 • chiefly Atlantic (MAP)
snipe n 8 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
snipe hunt n • widespread exc NEast (MAP)
snoose n1 • chiefly Pacific NW, Rocky Mts, Upper MW, WI (MAP)
snow angel n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
snowing down South, it's phr • widespread, but less freq Sth, Cent (MAP)
snow squall n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
snuffbox n 1 • esp S Midl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
snuffer n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
snuff rubber n • esp DE, MD, PA, WV (MAP)
snuff stick n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW, TX (MAP)
so exclam a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West; also S Atl (MAP)
soak n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
soaker n1 • chiefly Nth, N Cent (MAP)
sob v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
socks, throw up one's v phr • scattered, but esp Cent, TX (MAP)
soda n B1 • widespread, but esp freq NEast, eMO, sIL (MAP)
soda pop n • widespread, but less freq Nth (MAP)
soda water n • scattered, but esp TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
soft maple n • chiefly wNEng, Upstate NY, nPA, N Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
soft-shell clam n • chiefly N and C Atl (MAP)
soft-shell crab n • chiefly Delmarva, N Atl (MAP)
sog v 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
soldier v C • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
soldier bean n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
solo n • esp NW, NV (MAP)
somerset n • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
song sparrow n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
son-of-a-bitch stew n • West, esp TX (MAP)
soo exclam a • widely scattered, but rare NEast, C Atl, West (MAP)
sooey exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
sook exclam • chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
sookie exclam • scattered, but rare NEast (MAP)
sooner n2 2 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sop n 1 • chiefly W Midl, SE, West exc TX (MAP)
sop n 3 • esp Inland Nth, W Midl (MAP)
sorry adj B1 • scattered, but esp SE, Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
sot n • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sourdough n 1 • orig chiefly West; now widely known (MAP)
sour gnat n • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
souse n1 C1b • chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
souse n1 C4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
souse meat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sow and pigs n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
sowbelly n • widespread, but less freq N and Mid Atl, PA, c,sCA (MAP)
Spanish needle n 1 • chiefly Midl, Sth (MAP)
sparrowgrass n1 • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
spatzie n 1 • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, PA (MAP)
speakeasy n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
special n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
speckled perch n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
speckled trout n 2 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
spew v 1 • chiefly Mid Atl (MAP)
spew v 2 • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl, West; now more widespread (MAP)
spewer n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
spicewood n 1 • now chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
spider n 1 • chiefly Nth; also Mid and S Atl (MAP)
spigot n (pronc) • widespread, but more freq east of Missip R..|ˈspɪkt, -ət| (MAP)
spigot n B2 • widespread, but chiefly Appalachians, Mid and C Atl, eOH (MAP)
spile n2 • chiefly NEast, MI (MAP)
spill n1 • now chiefly ME (MAP)
spit image n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
splay v B • chiefly NJ, PA, OH, MI (MAP)
splinter n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
split n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
split beans from coffee, not to know v phr • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
split bonnet n • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
split pea soup n • chiefly Nth, Pacific (MAP)
spoiled adj 1 • chiefly W Midl, Lower Missip Valley, West (MAP)
sponge mushroom n • chiefly N Cent, IA (MAP)
spook n 1 • scattered exc Inland Sth (MAP and Map Section)
spoon bread n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
spot n 1 • chiefly Mid Atl (MAP)
spotlight v • scattered, but chiefly West, Mid Atl (MAP)
spotlight hunting n • scattered, but esp PA (MAP)
spotted adder n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
spouting n • chiefly PA, OH, Gt Lakes (MAP)
spreadhead n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
spreading adder n • chiefly Sth, TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
spreading viper n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, esp IN (MAP)
springhouse n • formerly widespread, now chiefly Midl, Sth, esp Appalachians (MAP)
spring onion n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
spring peeper n • scattered, but esp PA, OH, nNJ (MAP)
spritz v • chiefly PA (MAP)
spruce hen n • esp MI, AK (MAP)
squab n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
squad car n • scattered, but esp IL, WI (MAP)
squarehead n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, TX (MAP)
squat tag n • esp NEast (MAP)
squinch v2 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
squinch v2 4 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
squinch adj 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
squinch owl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
squirts n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
squush v 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
stable n 2 • esp C and S Atl (MAP)
stack of bones n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
staff n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
stairsteps n pl • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
stake driver n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
stanchel n • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
stand in with v phr • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
statues n pl 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
steal v B1b • scattered, but most freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
steal v B2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
steam n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
steeple n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
steeplebush n • esp NEng (MAP)
stewer n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
stick n 2 • esp NEng (MAP)
stick v 1 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
stickball n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NYC (MAP)
stick bean n • esp Inland Sth, AR (MAP)
stick broom n • chiefly SE, esp S Atl (MAP)
stick-frog n • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
stick-knife n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
sticktight n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, W Midl (MAP)
stinging lizard n • chiefly TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
stinging scorpion n • chiefly OK, TX, LA (MAP)
stinging worm n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stinkpot n 1 • scattered, but esp C Atl (MAP)
stinkpot n 2 • chiefly nNY (MAP)
stitch n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
stock n C4 • chiefly S Midl, nNEng (MAP)
stock barn n • scattered, but esp Midl (MAP)
stock cow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stone n Ba • widespread, but somewhat more freq NEng (MAP)
stone n Bb • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, esp NEng (MAP)
stone n Bc • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
stoneboat n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
stone drag n • chiefly NEast, esp eNEng (MAP)
stone fence n • widespread, but esp freq Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
stone wall n • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
stook n 1 • chiefly NEng, nNY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
stop-and-go light n • scattered, but esp freq Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
store n B1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
store n B2 • widespread, but less freq Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
store-bought adj phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
stork shower n • scattered, but esp NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
storm cave n • esp Plains States, IA (MAP)
storm enclosure n • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
storm hit it, look like (a) v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
storm house n 1 • Nth, esp Upstate NY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
storm house n 2 • chiefly Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
storm pit n • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
storm shed n 1 • esp Inland Nth (MAP)
stout adj 3 • west of Appalachians (MAP)
stove handle n • esp Nth (MAP)
stove lid n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
straight gas n • chiefly C Atl, VA (MAP)
straight pen n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
straight up, not to know v phr • scattered, but rare Atlantic (MAP)
straight wind n • esp Cent (MAP)
straw n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
strawberry fly n • chiefly NJ (MAP)
streaked meat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians (MAP)
streaked snake n • chiefly MI, NEast (MAP)
streak of lean n • chiefly SE (MAP)
streetcar n • widespread exc NEast (MAP)
street, in the adj phr • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stretch n B • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
string bean n • widespread, but somewhat less freq W Midl (MAP)
striped bass n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Atlantic, Lower Missip Valley, CA (MAP)
striped gopher n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
striped snake n 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
striped wasp n • esp Cent (MAP)
struck on adj phr • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
study v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
study v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
stump n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
stump fence n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
stump-hole liquor n • Sth, S Midl, esp NC, SC (MAP)
stump juice n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stump water n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stump water n 1b • chiefly Inland Sth, sAppalachians (MAP)
submarine sandwich n • orig scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, C Atl; now widespread (MAP)
subpoena n, v (pronc) • widespread exc Sth |səˈpini, -nɪ| and (for past, past pple) |səˈpinid, -nɪd| (MAP)
suck-egg adj 1a • chiefly Sth (MAP)
sucker n 6 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
sucker n 7 • widespread, but less freq N Atl (MAP)
sucker bite n • chiefly wPA, eOH (MAP)
suckhole n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
suckhole n 2 • esp Mid Atl, SE (MAP)
suckhole n 3 • chiefly Inland Nth, now more widespread (MAP)
sugan n 2 • chiefly West, esp Rocky Mts, SW (MAP)
sugar n 2 • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
sugar ant n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, TX (MAP)
sugar bush n 1 • chiefly wNEng, Upstate NY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
sugar camp n • chiefly N Cent, WV, wPA (MAP)
sugar corn n • scattered, but esp C Atl (MAP)
sugar orchard n • chiefly nNEng, sAppalachians (MAP)
sugar pie n • scattered exc Nth, N Midl (MAP)
sugar tree n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
sulky plow n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sull v • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
summer kitchen n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, exc NW (MAP)
summer squash n • widespread, but less freq C and S Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
summons v • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
sundown n • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
sun perch n • chiefly S Midl, Lower Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
superhighway n • widespread exc West (MAP)
sure enough adv phr 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
surly n • esp TX, OK (MAP)
surveyor n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
swag n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swale n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast, MI (MAP)
swale grass n • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
swallow v Ca • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
swallow fork n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
swamp grass n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
swamp pink n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
swanny v • chiefly Sth, S Midl; formerly also NEng (MAP)
swap work v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
swather n • chiefly Upper MW, West (MAP)
sweat v Aa • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sweat v Ab • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
sweat bee n 1 • chiefly Midl, Gt Lakes, Cent (MAP)
sweep n 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
sweet corn n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl; also West (MAP)
Sweet Lucy n 1 • chiefly WV, Ohio Valley, wGulf States (MAP)
sweet milk n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sweet pepper n 1 • widespread, but less freq West (MAP)
sweet-potato pie n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
swell v 3b (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swift water n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
swill v • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
swill pail n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, MI (MAP)
swim v A1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swim v A1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swim v A1c • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
swim v A2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swim v A2b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swing blade n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
swingletree n • chiefly C and S Atl, Appalachians (MAP)
swish broom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
switch, hide the n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sycamore n B • widespread, but less freq Nth (MAP)
syrup candy n • chiefly Gulf States, GA, SC (MAP)
table n • esp WV, VA (MAP)
tacky adj1 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tacky party n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
taco n 1 • orig SW, but now widespread (MAP)
tad n1 2 • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl, now widespread (MAP)
tadpole n 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq N Atl, West (MAP)
tadpoles, rain v phr • chiefly Sth (MAP)
taffy n 1 • scattered, but esp PA, NJ (MAP)
tag n 2 • chiefly VA (MAP)
tag alder n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp Gt Lakes (MAP)
tag-tail n • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
take v A2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
take v A2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
take v B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, MO, OK, TX (MAP)
take v B1b • scattered, but esp Atlantic (MAP)
take v B8 • esp Nth (MAP)
take on v phr • chiefly Sth; also S Midl, NEast (MAP)
take up v phr 8 • chiefly Sth, esp LA (MAP)
tamale n1 • orig chiefly SW, CA, but now widely recognized (MAP)
tamale pie n • orig chiefly SW, esp CA; now more widely recognized (MAP)
tap n1 1 • widespread, but less freq nNEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tap n2 2 • widespread, but esp freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
tar n1 B1 • widespread, but infreq NEng, West (MAP)
tar kiln n b • chiefly S Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
tarred road n • chiefly east of Missip R; also MN (MAP)
tarvia n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp MI (MAP)
ta-ta exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
taw n C1a • widespread exc NEast, Gt Lakes, Upper MW (MAP)
taw line n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
teaberry n 1 • esp Mid and C Atl (MAP)
tea towel n • widespread, but less freq NEng, Sth (MAP)
tear up v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
tear up v phr 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ted v • chiefly NEast, N Cent, cAppalachians (MAP)
tedder n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, cAppalachians (MAP)
teddy-bear (hair)cut n • esp PA, MD (MAP)
tee-nincy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tee-niny adj • Sth, S Midl, esp SC (MAP)
teeter n 4 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, nOH (MAP)
teeter-totter n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, Missip-Ohio Valleys, West (MAP)
telephone v B • chiefly SE, S Midl (MAP)
tempest n • chiefly seNEng (MAP)
tennie n • scattered, but chiefly wGt Lakes, IA, West exc NW (MAP)
tennis n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
tennis shoe n • widespread, but less freq NEast (MAP)
tent caterpillar n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
terrace n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
terrapin n B1 • chiefly Sth, Midl, TX (MAP)
tetchy adj • formerly widespread, now esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tetter n1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
thank-you-ma'am n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
theirselves pron • chiefly nNEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thick as three in a bed adj phr, adv phr • orig more widespread; now chiefly S Midl (MAP)
thickened gravy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thick milk n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
thill n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
thimble n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thimbleberry n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, NW, nCA (MAP)
thisaway adv • scattered, but more freq Atlantic, Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
thorn apple n 2 • widespread, but esp Gt Lakes (MAP)
thought coming, have another v phr • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thousand-legs n • scattered, but esp freq Sth, Midl (MAP)
thrash n1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
thrash machine n • scattered, but esp Upper Missip Valley, N Cent (MAP)
three old cat n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
three-step n • chiefly Gt Lakes, NW, CA (MAP)
three-titter n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
throughway n • chiefly wNEng, NY (MAP)
throw v C1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
throw line n • scattered, but esp Lower Missip Valley, Missip-Ohio Valleys, TX (MAP)
throw off v phr 4 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thunder n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thunder jug n • esp NEng (MAP)
thunder mug n • widespread, but chiefly NEast, Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
thunderwood n 1 • Sth, esp GA (MAP)
tick n1 2 • esp Nth (MAP)
tick n2 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
tick-tack-too n 1 • esp NEng (MAP)
ticky adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tievine n 1 • scattered, but esp TX, LA, MS (MAP)
tiger lily n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, nCA (MAP)
tight n • chiefly SE, TX, OK (MAP)
tight line n • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys, Gulf States (MAP)
till prep B3 • widespread, but less freq Nth (MAP)
tilly hawk n • chiefly SE (MAP)
timber fly n • esp WV (MAP)
timber lot n • esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
time out exclam • widespread, but more freq east of Missip R (MAP)
timid adj • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tip v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
tip-up n 3 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
tit for tat adj phr • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tit-tat-toe n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, Gt Lakes (MAP)
tit-tat-too n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
titman n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
T-model Ford adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
to prep B1c • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP and Map Section)
to prep B13 • widespread, but somewhat less freq NEng, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
to adv C2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast; also Pacific (MAP)
toad n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
toadfish n a • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
toad-frog n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
toad-frogs, rain v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
toadstabber n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
toad-strangler n • chiefly Gulf States, S Midl (MAP)
tobacco spitter n • scattered, but less freq N Atl, Gulf States, West (MAP)
toby n 1 • chiefly wPA, nMD (MAP)
tog out v phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
told, get one v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tom walkers n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tongue n 1 • now widespread exc NEng (MAP and Map Section)
tongue fight n • esp N Midl (MAP)
tonic n • chiefly nNEng (MAP and Map Section)
Toonerville trolley n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
toot n2 1 • chiefly PaGer area (MAP)
toot v, n3 • chiefly N Cent, W Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
toothbrush n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tooth dentist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tooth doctor n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
top n 2 • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
top n 3 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
toper n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
top onion n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
torment n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
torn up adj phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
toro n 1a • esp TX (MAP)
torpedo sandwich n • orig NEast, now esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
tortilla n • orig SW, but now widespread (MAP)
tote v A1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tote v A4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
touch v C2 • esp Sth, S Midl, IL (MAP)
touchous adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tow bag n • formerly widespread, now esp NC (MAP)
towboat n 1 • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
tow sack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP and Map Section)
town ball n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
town ball n 2a • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
town dude n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
town road n • NEng, Upstate NY, wGt Lakes (MAP)
toy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
toy n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
trace n2 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, Cent, Rocky Mts, nCA (MAP)
trace chain n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tracks n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
tractor-trailer n • scattered, but more freq Atlantic (MAP and Map Section)
trade-last n • widespread, but less freq Atlantic (MAP)
traffic circle n • chiefly Atlantic, Gulf States, SW (MAP)
trailer truck n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp NEast; also TX, Cent (MAP and Map Section)
train, smoke like a v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
transfer truck n • chiefly SE, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
transformation n • chiefly Atlantic, N Cent (MAP)
transport n • chiefly Missip Valley, West, Gulf States, Gt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
transport truck n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
trap n • chiefly TX (MAP)
trash mover n 1 • chiefly Mid and S Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
traverse n • chiefly nNEng (MAP)
tree frog n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEast (MAP)
tree lawn n • chiefly Gt Lakes, esp OH (MAP)
tree squirrel n • chiefly west of Missip R (MAP)
tree toad n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
trefoil n 1 • scattered, but esp wNY, PA (MAP)
trembles n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
trestle n B • esp C Atl, Midl (MAP)
trifling adj 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
trim v 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
trim v 2 • chiefly Midl, Mid Atl (MAP)
trolley n • widespread, but esp freq NEast (MAP and Map Section)
trotline n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, W Midl, Cent, TX, SC (MAP)
trough n A1 (pronc) • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
trough n A2 (pronc) • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
troutline n • chiefly Midl, Missip Valley (MAP)
truck patch n • chiefly Midl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
trunk n 2 • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, esp WI (MAP)
tug n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Missip Valley, West (MAP and Map Section)
tule n 2 • chiefly Pacific, esp CA (MAP)
tulip poplar n • chiefly Midl, Mid and C Atl (MAP)
tumble v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tumble n • chiefly nNEng, wMA (MAP)
tumblesault n, v • chiefly NEast, C Atl; also Gulf States (MAP)
tumbleset n, v • chiefly SE, Gulf States; also NEast (MAP)
tunnel n • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
tureen dinner n • chiefly Upstate NY, wPA (MAP and Map Section)
turkey trot n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
turn v B1 • widespread, but less freq Lower Missip Valley, nTX, OK, KY (MAP)
turn v C1 • widespread, but less freq N Atl (MAP)
turn n 1a • chiefly Mid and S Atl; also Gulf States (MAP)
turning plow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
turnplow n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, WV (MAP)
turpentine n B • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
turtledove n • now esp Missip Valley, Sth (MAP)
tush n A1 (pronc) • chiefly SE, sAppalachians (MAP)
tush n C1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent, TX; scattered NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
twist n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Sth, SW (MAP)
twist n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
twister n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
two old cat n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
two-step n • esp N Cent, West (MAP)
ugly adj B1 • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ugly adj B2 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, TN (MAP)
ugly adj B3 • formerly more widespread; now chiefly Sth (MAP)
umbrella n A2a (pronc) • widespread, but esp Midl, Sth, SW (MAP)
umbrella n A2b (pronc) • widespread, but less freq Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
umbrella plant n a • chiefly N Cent, PA (MAP)
uncle n 2 • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
under adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
unions n pl 2 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
unsight unseen adv phr, adj phr • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
urp v1 • scattered, but chiefly Missip Valley, GA, SW (MAP)
V n 1 • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
vegetable cellar n • scattered, but less freq S Atl, Gulf States, SW (MAP)
vessel n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
viewing n • chiefly PA, NJ, MD, DE; also UT (MAP)
vinegar fly n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
vino n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, esp CA (MAP)
Virginia pine n 2 • esp VA (MAP)
visitation n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent (MAP)
visiting hours n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, OH (MAP)
volunteer n 1a • widespread exc NEast (MAP)
vomit n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈvɑmɪk| (MAP)
voodoo n • orig esp New Orleans LA; now scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
vum v • chiefly NEng (MAP)
wage hand n • S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
wagon shed n • scattered, but esp NEast, eN Midl (MAP)
wagon wheel n 1 • scattered, but rare NEast (MAP)
wagon wheel n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
wake v 1b • formerly widespread; now scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
wake v 2b • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
waken v • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
wake-robin n 3 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Mid Atl (MAP)
walking plow n • widespread, but less freq Sth (MAP)
walk, strong enough to adj phr • chiefly Sth, Midl, TX (MAP)
walk-up adj • chiefly NEast exc NEng, N Cent (MAP)
wallet n 2 • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent; also Sth, West (MAP)
wampus n2 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wamus n • chiefly N Cent, PA (MAP)
want v1 C2 • widespread exc NEng (MAP)
warty toad n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
washboard n 1 • scattered, but esp C Atl (MAP)
wash-foot Baptist n • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
wasper n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
waste v 3 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
water n B1 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
water haul n • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
water out v phr 1 • esp S Midl (MAP)
waterspout n 1 • scattered, but esp freq Missip Valley (MAP)
water witch n 3 • widespread, but less freq Atlantic
water witch n 4 • scattered, but chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, West (MAP)
water witch v phr • scattered, but chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, West (MAP)
wattle n2 • West, esp Rocky Mts (MAP)
wax n 2 • esp Midl (MAP)
weak trembles n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
wear v B3b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, Cent (MAP)
weasle v • esp NEast (MAP)
weasly adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
weasy adj • scattered esc Sth (MAP)
weatherboard n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
weather bundle n • esp Gt Lakes, N Midl (MAP)
wedge n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
weedy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
well n • esp NEast (MAP)
wen n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp nOH (MAP)
wet adj 2 • chiefly Sth, West (MAP)
whang v • chiefly Midl (MAP)
whay exclam • esp nNEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
wheat cake n • chiefly N Cent, NEast (exc NEng) (MAP)
wheel n 2 • scattered, but esp W Midl, SW (MAP)
wheelbarrow n 2 (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
wheelbarrow seed n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wheelhorse n 2 • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
where it doesn't snow n • esp Sth, TX (MAP)
whichaway(s) adv • scattered, but more freq Sth, Midl, TX, N Cent (MAP)
whicker n1, v • chiefly SE, Mid Atl (MAP)
whiffle n2 • chiefly eMA (MAP)
whiffletree n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
whinny n, v 1 • chiefly Nth, sNJ, WV (MAP)
whip v, n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whip v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whip v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whip-cracker n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
whippletree n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
whippoorwill pea n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whip-popper n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whipstick n • esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
whiskey jack n • Nth (MAP)
whiskey-palian n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whistle pig n 1 • chiefly Appalachians (MAP)
whistler n 3 • scattered, but esp Atlantic (MAP)
white bacon n • chiefly FL, GA (MAP)
white daisy n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
white-faced hornet n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
white gravy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
white grub n • esp Nth (MAP)
white lampblack n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
white lightning n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl, SW (MAP)
white mule n • scattered, but esp freq Midl, West (MAP)
white oak snake n • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
white perch n 5 • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA (MAP)
white poplar n 2 • chiefly S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
white potato n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
white squash n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
whitewood n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
whomper-jawed adj 1 • Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
whomper-jawed adj 2 • chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
whoo exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whooee exclam 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whooee exclam 2 • widespread exc NEast; most freq Midl, esp IA, IL, IN (MAP)
whooee exclam 3 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whook exclam • esp Mid Atl (MAP)
whoop n C2 • scattered, but esp S Atl, Gulf States, Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Pacific (MAP)
whoop exclam D • esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
whoop-and-hide n 1 • chiefly S Midl, S Atl (MAP)
whoopy n B • scattered, but esp freq TX (MAP)
whopper-jawed adj 1 • chiefly C and Mid Atl, SE, N Cent (MAP)
whopper-jawed adj 2 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
wicket n • esp PA, NJ (MAP)
wide place in the road n • chiefly Midl, Sth, West (MAP)
widow n B2 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
widower n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl..|ˈwɪdərə(r)| (MAP)
widowman n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
widow woman n 1 • formerly widespread, now esp Midl, Sth (MAP)
wiener n • widespread, but less freq Atlantic, West (MAP)
wienie n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, N Cent, West (MAP)
wiggler n 1 • widespread, but less freq Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
wiggler n 3 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
wiggletail n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
wiggleworm n 2 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
wild canary n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth (MAP)
wildcat adj • chiefly S Midl, AL, OK (MAP)
wild hay n • widespread, but more freq Upper MW, West (MAP)
wild lilac n 1 • CA (MAP)
wild pear n • chiefly NEast, esp ME (MAP)
wild turnip n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
willow fly n 1 • chiefly Inland Sth, IL (MAP)
wind v • scattered, but esp Mid and S Atl (MAP)
wind-busted adj • esp S Atl (MAP)
winkle-hawk n • chiefly Hudson River Valley (MAP)
winter onion n • chiefly Inland Nth, Midl (MAP)
winter squash n • scattered, but esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
witch v • chiefly N Cent, Cent, nCA (MAP)
witchgrass n 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
witching stick n • widespread, but less freq Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
wizzle v • esp NEng (MAP and Map Section)
woodchuck n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
wood hen n 2 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
wood house n • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
woodlot n • widespread, but esp Nth, Midl (MAP)
woods burned, since the adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
woods colt n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
woods colt n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
woods fly n • esp N and C Atl, OH (MAP)
woods pussy n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
wood tick n 1 • scattered, but esp freq Nth, N Midl, Rocky Mts, Pacific; also W Midl (MAP)
woody adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
wool-gathered adj • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
woolly bear n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
woolly caterpillar n • esp NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
woolly worm n • scattered, but chiefly W Midl, Missip-Ohio Valleys, TX (MAP)
wop n1 1 • widespread, but esp freq NEast, Pacific (MAP)
wopsided adj, adv • formerly scattered, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
work v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent (MAP)
work-brittle adj 1 • chiefly Midl, esp IN (MAP)
workhorse n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
work party n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
work-up n • chiefly west of Missip R, Gt Lakes (MAP)
world, go (all the way) around the v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
worm fence n • scattered, but chiefly C Atl, Appalachians (MAP)
worry v B2 • formerly widespread; now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
woven wire n • widespread, but less freq Atl coast, Gulf States, SW, Pacific (MAP)
wriggler n 1 • esp Inland Nth, PA, CA (MAP)
write v B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
write v B2a • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
writing spider n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wutz(ie) n, exclam • chiefly in PaGer settlement areas (MAP)
X's-and-O's n • esp N Cent, PA, WV (MAP)
-y suff1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
yah adv • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp N Cent, Upper MW, Plains States (MAP)
Yankee dime n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp AL (MAP)
yap n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
yard broom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
year n1 B • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
yellow n1 B • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
yellowbelly cooter n • chiefly SC, GA (MAP)
yellowbird n 1 • chiefly NEast, S Midl (MAP)
yellow-eyed bean n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
Yid n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
yolk n A1 (pronc) • widespread, but esp Nth, Midl (MAP)
yonder adv, adj, n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
yonder adv B1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
you betcha adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA, TX; now esp Upper MW, NW (MAP)
Afro n • esp among young Black speakers (Map Section)
baker's bread n • throughout US, but esp Nth, N Midl, West (Map Section)
bar ditch n 1 • chiefly OK, TX (MAP and Map Section)
barn lot n • chiefly Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
barnyard n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
bar pit n 1 • chiefly West (MAP and Map Section)
barrow ditch n • (Map Section)
barrow pit n 1 • chiefly West, esp Rocky Mts (MAP and Map Section)
bawl v1 2 • widespread but chiefly Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
beau dollar n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
bellow n, v • widespread, but least freq in Midl (MAP and Map Section)
belly-buster n, adv 2 • chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent (MAP and Map Section)
belly-flop n, v, adv 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
belly-smacker n 2 • chiefly eGt Lakes (MAP and Map Section)
belly-whopper n, v, adv 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NY, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
big dog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SC (MAP and Map Section)
black racer n 1 • chiefly Sth (Map Section)
black racer n 1 • chiefly S Midl (Map Section)
blat n, v 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP and Map Section)
blat n, v 2 • chiefly Nth and West (MAP and Map Section)
blate n, v A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
blate n, v A2 • chiefly Sth (MAP and Map Section)
blind pig n 1 • chiefly wInland Nth, CA (MAP and Map Section)
blind tiger n 1 • chiefly Sth, W Midl (MAP and Map Section)
blue racer n 1 • See racer in (Map Section)
bone felon n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
buck-eyed adj2 • chiefly Sth, Midl (Map Section)
cap n1 2a • chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
carry-in n • chiefly IL, IN, OH (MAP and Map Section)
cedar racer n • TX (Map Section)
chip n1 4 • chiefly Nth (Map Section)
clabber n1 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl and West (MAP and Map Section)
coffin nail n 1 • widespread but esp Nth, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
coffin tack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
cover n B2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng (MAP and Map Section)
creek n1 (pronc) • esp Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
Cuban sandwich n • chiefly FL (Map Section)
dirt dauber n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
doubletree n • widespread exc NEast (MAP and Map Section)
dry-land turtle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, SW (MAP and Map Section)
dusk dark n • chiefly Sth (MAP and Map Section)
dusky dark n • chiefly S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
ethyl n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP and Map Section)
evener n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP and Map Section)
fester v • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP and Map Section)
flannel cake n • chiefly Appalachians (MAP and Map Section)
frosting n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
funny bone n 1 • widespread, but less common eNEng, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
garlicky adj • chiefly DE, MD, NJ, VA (MAP and Map Section)
gnat's eyebrow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
green bean n • widespread, but less freq NEng, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
green onion n 1 • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP and Map Section)
green pepper n 1 • widespread exc SE, Lower Missip Valley (MAP and Map Section)
grinder n 3 • chiefly NEng (MAP and Map Section)
grubbing hoe n 1 • widespread exc Nth (MAP and Map Section)
grub hoe n • chiefly Nth (MAP and Map Section)
gunny sack n • chiefly west of Appalachians (MAP and Map Section)
gutter n1 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP and Map Section)
hail-over n, exclam • S Atl, Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
haily-over n, exclam • esp NEast, OH (MAP and Map Section)
hardhead n 7 • chiefly Gt Lakes (MAP and Map Section)
headcheese n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
heavy adj • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
hero n • scattered, but esp NYC (MAP and Map Section)
hickey n2 b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
high-test adj • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP and Map Section)
hind-part-before adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
hindside-before adv • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
hoagie n • chiefly PA, NJ, but becoming more widely recognized (MAP and Map Section)
hog's head cheese n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast, esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
home fried potatoes n pl • chiefly NEast, OH (MAP and Map Section)
horse racer n • See racer in Map Section
hot-cake turner n • chiefly West (MAP and Map Section)
hull n B2a(1) • widespread, but less freq Nth, Rocky Mts (MAP and Map Section)
husk n B2a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
icing n 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
Irish potato n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
jack v 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP and Map Section)
jam v 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP and Map Section)
John Hancock n • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent (MAP and Map Section)
John Henry n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEast, OH (MAP and Map Section)
kernel n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl; also Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
kerosene oil n • scattered, but esp SE, NEast (MAP and Map Section)
kettle n B1 • widespread, but less freq Sth (MAP and Map Section)
key n 3 • chiefly S Atl, MS (MAP and Map Section)
king's ex exclam, n • chiefly west of Missip R, Gulf States, Ohio Valley (MAP and Map Section)
kitty-corner adv, adj 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
knife n • esp Nth (MAP and Map Section)
lagniappe n • chiefly Gulf States, esp LA (MAP and Map Section)
lay v 1 • chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
lightning bug n • widespread, but slightly less freq Nth, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
lobber v • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp Upstate NY, CT, MI (MAP and Map Section)
lollipop n 1a • widespread, but esp freq NEast (MAP and Map Section)
long handles n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
longies n pl • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP and Map Section)
meat n 1 • widespread, but less freq S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
mighty adv • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
mosquito hawk n 2a • chiefly Sth, but scattered Missip Valley (MAP and Map Section)
mouth harp n 1 • scattered, but less freq NEast, W Midl (MAP and Map Section)
mouth organ n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Inland Nth, C Atl; also S Atl, SW (MAP and Map Section)
mud dauber n 1 • chiefly Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
mud wasp n • chiefly NEast; also Inland Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
nicker n1, v • widespread exc NEast, Gt Lakes; less freq S Atl (MAP and Map Section)
on prep B3a • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
oniony adj • chiefly NC, VA (MAP and Map Section)
panther n C1 • widespread, but chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
pod n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
potluck meal n • widespread, but less freq Sth, C Atl, NY (MAP and Map Section)
racer n 1 • (Map Section)
route n B1 • chiefly NEast, WV, OH, IL, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
runner n 4 • formerly more widespread, but now chiefly Sth (Map Section)
scat intj • Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP and Map Section)
second cutting n • widespread, but less freq nNEng (MAP and Map Section)
seed n 1 • widespread exc Nth (MAP and Map Section)
seesaw n 1 • chiefly Atlantic, Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP and Map Section)
sewing needle n • esp MI, WI, MN, MA (MAP and Map Section)
shallot n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP and Map Section)
shivaree n B1 • widespread, but less freq Atlantic, Gulf States exc FL (MAP and Map Section)
sled n • widespread exc Nth (MAP and Map Section)
snake doctor n 2 • chiefly Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
snake feeder n 1 • chiefly Midl, Plains States (MAP and Map Section)
splinter n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
spook n 1 • scattered exc Inland Sth (MAP and Map Section)
to prep B1c • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP and Map Section)
to prep B13 • widespread, but somewhat less freq NEng, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
tongue n 1 • now widespread exc NEng (MAP and Map Section)
tonic n • chiefly nNEng (MAP and Map Section)
tow sack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP and Map Section)
tractor-trailer n • scattered, but more freq Atlantic (MAP and Map Section)
trailer truck n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp NEast; also TX, Cent (MAP and Map Section)
transfer truck n • chiefly SE, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
trolley n • widespread, but esp freq NEast (MAP and Map Section)
tug n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Missip Valley, West (MAP and Map Section)
tureen dinner n • chiefly Upstate NY, wPA (MAP and Map Section)
weasly adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
wizzle v • esp NEng (MAP and Map Section)
woodchuck n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
Martha’s Vineyard See Massachusetts, Martha’s Vineyard
about prep, adv (pronc) • MD, eVA, eSC
apple melon n • MD
apron n B1 • MD, VA
arch n 4 • MD, VA, WV
baby coach n • chiefly ePA, sNJ, DE, MD (MAP)
back street n 2 • MD
bank barn n • chiefly PA, OH, MD, VA, IN (MAP)
barn burner n 1 • chiefly PA, sNJ, MD (MAP)
beaten biscuit n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp KY, MD, VA (MAP)
bloodick n • chiefly MD
bluebird weather n • chiefly MD, eVA
bull band n • chiefly wMD, sePA
bun n1 1 • esp MD, VA, NJ (MAP)
*bundle n B1 • widespread exc wMD, sPA, WV (MAP)
burden n B2 • esp MD
catty n1 1 • chiefly MD, NJ, NY, PA (MAP)
chicken fight n 1 • chiefly S Midl, esp KY, MD
crab soup n • chiefly Mid Atl, esp MD
cream doughnut n • esp MD
Dayton wagon n • esp MD, DE
dearborn n • formerly widespread, now chiefly sePA, nMD, DE
Defenders’ Day n • MD
dress v 4 • PA, wMD
espantoon n • MD
essence n 4 • esp MD, VA
flosh v • MD, VA
free wheel adj • MD
fresh n 2 • MD, VA
garlicky adj • chiefly DE, MD, NJ, VA (MAP and Map Section)
granna bag n • MD
hanover n 1 • esp WV, VA, MD
hay carriage n • esp MD
hit it v phr 1 • scattered, but esp PA, MD, DE
hook school v phr • esp MD, PA, VA
hot beans n • esp MD, NJ, PA
hover n • chiefly sMD, nVA, KY, TN
jag n2 1d • esp MD, VA
kitty n 3 • esp KY, MD, VA (MAP)
maniportia n • chiefly MD (MAP)
Maryland beaten biscuit n • chiefly MD
mom-mom n • PA, NJ, DE, MD (MAP)
moonack n 1 • esp MD, VA
mung you (all) pron • DE, MD
nigger lice n • MD
papershell n 1 • esp MD, DE
pap-pap n (pronc) • PA, MD
pat v 3 • esp MD
peep n 3 • chiefly PA, MD
pigwick n • MD
pocosin n • chiefly NC, VA, MD
pop-pop n • chiefly PA, NJ, DE, MD (MAP)
rainspout n • scattered, but esp PA, MD, NJ (MAP)
rainspouting n • esp MD, PA
route n A2 • scattered, but chiefly IL, OH, wPA, WV, MD (MAP)
run n 1a • scattered, but chiefly wPA, OH, WV, MD (MAP)
scrapple n • scattered, but chiefly Midl, esp PA, MD, C Atl (MAP)
sheaf n • widespread, but esp PA, MD, WV, OH (MAP)
sheep fly n • esp MD, DE (MAP)
shooting cracker n • PA, OH, MD, KY
silk crab n • Chesapeake Bay MD
sinkboat n • esp MD
sinkbox n 2 • esp MD
skillpot n • esp DC, MD, VA, WV (MAP)
skitters n • chiefly PA, MD, WV, OH (MAP)
slab drag n • scattered, but esp MD
slider n 1 • esp DE, MD; also Missip Valley
smearcase n • chiefly N Midl, esp PA, OH, MD, WV (MAP)
snake waiter n • esp MD
snollygoster n 1 • esp MD, KY
snoopy adj • esp PA, OH, MD
snot n 1 • esp MD
snuff rubber n • esp DE, MD, PA, WV (MAP)
stick wagon n • chiefly PA, MD
sugar foot n 2 • esp MD
sweat pone n • esp MD
swelling toad n • chiefly MD, VA
tacker n • chiefly DE, MD, NJ, ePA
teddy-bear (hair)cut n • esp PA, MD (MAP)
telescope house n • chiefly eMD
toby n 1 • chiefly wPA, nMD (MAP)
tournament n B • MD, VA, WV
trick v • esp VA, MD
viewing n • chiefly PA, NJ, MD, DE; also UT (MAP)
water partridge n 1 • MD
wheeler n2 • MD, VA
whiffler n1 • chiefly MD, VA
whiteback n • DC, MD, VA
wire ball n • esp sePA, MD
Arab n B3 • Baltimore MD
Arab n B4 • Baltimore MD
arab v • Baltimore MD
arabber n • Baltimore MD
moving night n • esp Baltimore MD
Mashpee See Wampanoag
powwow n • [..cf Massachuset pauwau..]
alewife bird n • MA
angledog n • chiefly NEng, esp CT and swMA, and settlement areas
apple grunt n • chiefly eMA and settlement areas
block n 3 • esp common MA
blue plover n • esp MA
bottlehead n • MA
brava n • seMA, RI
cabinet n • RI, seMA
cade n • seMA, sRI
cattle show n • MA
chicken bird n 1 • chiefly MA
coast n 3 • MA
coaster n1 1 • MA
come on v phr 2 • chiefly MA
creeper n 8 • chiefly MA
crimmy adj • chiefly MA
deaf adj B1c • chiefly NEng, esp ME, MA
diddledee n • esp seMA
dingle n1 • Nth, esp MA
dishwater diarrhea n • MA
double-barrel n • eMA
down East n c • wMA
drop a stitch v phr • ME, MA
Dutch cap n • seMA
eel stifle n • eMA
election cake n • NEng, esp MA
election day n • MA, RI
fandango n 7 • eMA
fare n • NEng, esp MA
fin out adj phr • esp eMA
Forefathers’ Day n • chiefly NEng, esp MA
frappe n • esp eMA
gally v • MA
goose widgeon n • MA
greenhead n 4b(2) • esp MA
ground bird n a • esp MA
herdic n • esp eMA
hill dill n • esp MA
hoist the (green) sail n, exclam • esp eMA
hole n 1b • chiefly MA, VA
hoodsie n • MA
hook Jack v phr • NEng, esp MA
horribles n pl • MA
horseshoe violet n • NEng, esp MA
hosey v, n • MA, ME
jagasee n • MA
jeekers intj • esp MA
joe flogger n • coastal MA, ME
joe rocker n • seMA
kittly-bender n • esp MA, PA
lightship basket n • seMA
linnet n 2 • NEng, esp MA
lobster roll n • esp ME, MA
longlick n • esp MA
mayflower n 5 • esp MA
medrick n • ME, MA
milk shake n 1 • esp MA, RI
minnow n A5 • esp eMA, VA
mountain day n • MA
mourning bird n • MA
old-maid’s-pink n 1 • scattered, but esp MA
pale-belly n • esp MA
peggyball n • seMA
picky n2 1 • swMA
pied-winged curlew n • esp MA
pigsticker n 1 • esp wCT, wMA
pine knot n 1 • esp MA, ME
piss-a-bed n 3 • chiefly sNEng, esp MA (MAP)
pooquaw n • MA, RI
Portland fancy n • chiefly MA
potato bargain n • eMA
potter v • eMA
pumpkin-blossom coot n • MA
quahog n (pronc) • chiefly eMA |ˈkohɔg, -hɑg|
quahog n (pronc) • esp seMA |ˈkwohɔg|
quahog n 1 • chiefly N Atl coast, esp MA, RI (MAP)
quahog v • NEng, esp MA
quoit n A1 (pronc) • formerly widespread, now esp NJ, PA, Upstate NY, wMA (MAP)
rattleran(d) n • MA
relievo n • chiefly NEast, esp MA
ripper n 2 • esp wMA, CT
Sancho n1 • esp MA
scalt past ppl, ppl adj • esp ME, MA
scoop n 2 • esp MA
Scrabble Town n • esp MA
scrod n • esp eMA, ME
sea worm n • NEng, esp MA
sewing needle n • esp MI, WI, MN, MA (MAP and Map Section)
skulljoe n • seMA
spa n • NEast, esp MA
spoonhunt n • chiefly sNH, neMA
spoonwood n 1 • NEast, esp MA, NH
sproutland n • chiefly NEng, esp CT, MA
squantum n 1 • chiefly eMA
statie n • chiefly NEast, esp MA
stifle n • ME, MA
stiver v (pronc) • NEng, esp MA, ME
stub scythe n • NEng, esp MA
stump lot n • chiefly CT, MA, Upstate NY
sugar eat n • esp MA
swankey n 1 • esp MA
tholepin, suffer like a v phr • ME, MA coasts
three-decker n • NEng, esp c,eMA
tiddle board n • neMA, seNH
tiddlies n • esp MA
tiddly-bender(s) n • MA
tilt n 4 • esp MA
tipcart n • NEng, esp MA
tomcod n 1a • chiefly ME, MA, NH, NY
torshent n • chiefly MA
town meeting cake n • NEng, esp MA
tree belt n • NEast, esp MA
tumble n • chiefly nNEng, wMA (MAP)
two-boater n • esp eMA
two-toilet Irish n pl • chiefly MA
up along adv phr • eMA
wagged out adj phr • esp MA, ME
water bush n 1 • eMA, sNH
whiffle n2 • chiefly eMA (MAP)
white-winged coot n • chiefly NEng, esp MA
wicked adv • NEng, chiefly ME, MA
youngster n • NEng, esp MA
cleanser n • eNEng, esp Boston MA area
coast v 1 • prob orig Boston MA area, now chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
spucky n • chiefly Boston MA area
twoser n • esp Boston MA
peewink n • Cape Cod MA
pinkwink n • Cape Cod MA
summer complaint n 2 • coastal ME, Cape Cod MA
wash-ashore n • Cape Cod, Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard MA
Massachusetts, Martha’s Vineyard
pinkletink n • Martha’s Vineyard, Nantucket MA
wash-ashore n • Cape Cod, Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard MA
astern the lighter adj phr • coastal NEng, esp Nantucket
coast, on the adv phr • Nantucket MA
coof n • Nantucket MA
off-island adv, adj • chiefly Nantucket MA
off-islander n • NEng, esp Nantucket MA
pinkletink n • Martha’s Vineyard, Nantucket MA
slatch n • esp Nantucket MA
town ho exclam • esp Nantucket MA
underground moon n • Nantucket MA
voyage n B • Nantucket MA
wash-ashore n • Cape Cod, Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard MA
men; also male
animal n B1 • euphem, esp among rural and male speakers; somewhat old-fash
back water v phr • esp among male speakers
bare-ass(ed) adj, adv • esp among male speakers (MAP)
bass-ackward(s) adv, adj • esp among men; joc or euphem
bitch v • esp among young and mid-aged speakers and among males (MAP)
bite v A • esp among males and lesser educ speakers
blow v1 A2 • esp among less educ male speakers
bronchial adj (pronc) • esp among male and old speakers and speakers with little formal educ
bucket of lard n • chiefly among men
buckskin n 1 • esp among old and male Infs
buddy n 1b • esp among men
buddy n 1c • chiefly among men
cat shit n • chiefly among men (MAP)
draw v B1 • chiefly among rural speakers, male speakers, and speakers with little formal educ, drawed (MAP)
draw v B2 • chiefly among rural speakers, male speakers, and speakers with little formal educ, drew (MAP)
-ed suff 2 • more freq among rural speakers, males, and speakers with less than hs educ
elm n (pronc) • esp freq among men and among rural Infs, somewhat old-fash |ˈɛləm|
faggot n • used..chiefly by young speakers, most freq by well educ urban males
man n C3 • esp freq among male Black speakers
pill n 1 • old-fash; esp freq among male speakers
piss ant n 1 • esp freq among male speakers (MAP)
shit, meaner than adj phr • esp freq among men (MAP)
three-titter n • esp freq among men (MAP)
tight adj • orig esp freq among Black speakers, young speakers, and male speakers; now more widespread
furnishing n 2 • Among Mennonites
gemeinde n • In Mennonite communities
mechameck n • [..cf Shawnee mak-,Menominee mɛ·c big (in reference to the large root)]
Adam’s all fox n • [Metanalysis of Adam’s off-ox] (MAP)
a-tall adv • [By metanalysis from at all]
canker rash n • Also by metanalysis canker ash
druther adv • [By metanalysis from (woul)d rather..]
eatup n • [..may be the result of metanalysis: a netop > an etop]
eye horse n • [By metanalysis..]
lightwood n1 • lightern is prob a result of metanalysis of the comb lighter knot (MAP)
Madam’s off-ox n • [By metanalysis of from Adam’s..]
nagent n • [By metanalysis..]
naggie n • [By metanalysis..]
noration n • [Prob by metanalysis of an oration..]
nother pron, adj3 • [By metanalysis of an other..]
nugget n • [Perh by metanalysis of an agate]
oblige n • Also, prob by metanalysis, blige
partment n • [..apartment, perh by metanalysis..]
pot-tail n • [Appar by folk-etym or metanalysis from pot ale..]
roasting ear n A3 (pronc) • [By metanalysis; cf Intro “Language Changes” I.2]
sic v • by metanalysis (from sic-calf) si
so 's 't conj • [Prob so as 1 pronc [soz] infl by metanalysis of so as to..]
teither adv • [Prob by metanalysis of didn’t either]
umbrella n A5 (pronc) • [By metanalysis]
zydeco n • [Appar < LaFr zaricot green beans (by metanalysis of Fr les haricots)..]
metaphor; metaphorical
praying ground n • [Appar a literal application of the metaphorical phr on praying ground..]
shell v 2 • [Perh metaphor from threshing dried beans..]
metathesis; metathesized; metathetic (See also reversed compound)
aggerpervoke v • [Blend of metath forms of aggravate + provoke]
aggrafret v • by metath, aggerfret
aggravate v (pronc) • freq metath |ˈægɚ̩ve(ɪ)t|
aglore adj • [Metath from galore..]
aloes to catch meddlers n • [Metath of layoes ~, for which see layovers ~]
ambulance n (pronc) • occas, perh for humorous effect, metath |ˈæmbliən(t)s, -æn(t)s|
and else conj • [Perh by metath of [ənlɛs]]
andiron n (pronc) • occas..metath |ˈænd̩aɪrən|
arapajo n • [Metath; perh by false association with the Arapaho Indians]
asafetida n (pronc) • metath |̩æs(ə)ˈfɪdɪti, -fɛdɪtɪ|
augur v1 • [Metath form of argue]
bass-ackward(s) adv, adj • [By metath]
bittrun n • [Metath of bittern]
boardcast v • [..metath of broadcast to scatter (seed)]
breakfast n • by metath, brefkast
britten n • [Metath of bittern]
bronchial adj (pronc) • freq metath
bucksaw n • [..perh metathesis of sawbuck]
bypasser n • [Metath]
cabestro n (pronc) • metath |kəˈbresto|
calvary n • [Metath for cavalry]
carbox n • [Metath boxcar]
carps n • [Metath of craps]
catasterfy n • [Metath]
catnip fit n • Also metath capnit fit
child n A2 (pronc) • metath (and assim) |ˈčɪl(d)ɚn|
clobber n2 • [Metath]
collasp v • [Metath of collapse]
crips v • [Metath of crisp]
cripsy adj • [Metath]
cropout n • [Metath of outcrop]
curler n2 • [Metath or transl of cruller]
cutshort n • [Metath of shortcut]
cut short v phr • Metath of shortcut
cut-under v phr • [?Metath of undercut]
darlen n • [By metath from darnel]
dientical adj • [Metath]
downcome n • [Metath of comedown]
downface v • [Perh by metath from face down to confront, dispute]
drindl n • [By metath from dirndl]
egert n • [By metath from egret]
elastic (band) n (pronc) • by metath, laskit (MAP)
erligion n • [By metath of religion]
forty axes n pl • [Prob by metath from aggie forti(e)s]
furnucle n • [By metath from furuncle]
glue n2 • [Perh by metath from gool (at goal)..]
glup v • [Echoic; perh by metath for gulp]
gollylag v • [By metath from lollygag]
golly-wobbled adj • by metath, wolly-gobble
granny pump n • [Prob by metath and folk-etym]
gum v3 • [Orig in phr dad gum, by metath from God damn]
gunshot house n • [Prob by metath from shotgun house..]
gunshot wedding n • [Prob by metath from shotgun wedding]
gut-rot n • [By metath from rotgut]
hardblow n • [By metath from blowhard;..]
heavalled up adj phr • [By metathesis of upheaval]
heaval, up in a adj phr • [By metathesis of in an upheaval]
Hobeanin n • [Prob var, by metath, of Bohemian]
hopgrasser n • [By metath from grasshopper]
hoppergrass n • [Metath for grasshopper]
horsesaw n • [By metath from sawhorse..]
hundred n, adj A1 (pronc) • [By metath]
hundred n, adj A2 (pronc) • [By metath and devoicing of final consonant]
hundred n, adj A4 (pronc) • [By metath and assim]
hundred n, adj A5 (pronc) • [By metath, assim and devoicing of final consonant]
hunkabo n • [By metath from bohunk]
iron n, v, adj (pronc) • occas by metath |ˈaɪrən|
jassack n • [jas(s)ack by metath] (MAP)
jomo n • [By metath from mojo n]
kitchen n2 • [Perh <..kinch, by metath from pl [ˈkɪnčəz] to [ˈkɪčənz]..]
lantern n • Also, by metath, lantrun, lattren
larnyx n • [By metath from larynx]
lectren n • [Metath for lectern..]
modern adj (pronc) • also, by metath, |ˈmɑdrən|
packback n • [Perh by metath from backpack..]
peckerwood n • [Metath for woodpecker..]
perambulator n • Also, by metath, preambulator (MAP)
pokeshite n • [Metath for shitepoke..]
praline n (pronc) • by metath LA |ˌplɑˈrin|
prickler weed n • [By metath and perh folk- etym]
Rackensack n • [By metath, redup..]
Roly Holer n • [Joc metath of Holy Roller] (MAP)
saleratus n • Also by metath salatarus, salaterus
sashay v • [By metath from Fr chassé]
servigrous adj • by metath sergiverous
shot-sling n • [By metath from slingshot..]
side line v phr 1 • [By metath from linesides]
skittle n1 • [Perh by metath,..]
slycoon n • [By metath from cyclone]
T-model Ford adj • [Metath] (MAP)
topple n • [By metath from talpa]
turkey n • among Gullah speakers by metath tuckr(e)y, tukr(e)y
tush n C1 • [..metathesized OE tux is the ancestor of tusk] (MAP)
unelse conj • [Metath var of unless]
upstuck adj • [By metath; cf Intro ``Language Changes'' I.1]
wasp n 1c (pronc) • [By metath; cf EDD wasp sb. I.1..]
Mexican Spanish See Spanish, Mexican
baga n • chiefly MI, WI, MN (MAP)
balkenbry n • swMI and other Dutch settlement areas
belling vbl n2 • now chiefly wPA, WV, OH, IN, MI (MAP)
black hornet n • chiefly N Cent, esp MI
booya n • MI, WI, MN
borrows exclam • esp MI, WI, MN
brush n B6 • esp NY, MI (MAP)
buck up n • MI
buffalo n B3 • seMI
bug n1 6 • scattered, but esp MI, WI
cathole n • chiefly MI
co-day v phr • chiefly NEast, MI (MAP)
cook camp n • chiefly MI
copperhead snake n 2 • chiefly WI, MI
cork pine n 1 • chiefly MI
cousin Jack n • chiefly nMI, scattered West (MAP)
cousin Jenny n • chiefly nMI, scattered West
*covered-dish meal n • widespread exc Pacific, Upper MW, WI, MI (MAP)
cry-eye exclam • esp MI, WI
dogan n • nMI, nMN
erwten soup n • swMI
fifty n • IL, MI, WI
fish tug n • MI
Green Bay fly n • chiefly WI, neMI
hamburg n 1 • chiefly NEast, C Atl, OH, MI (MAP)
headlighting vbl n • chiefly TX, nMI (MAP)
help the poor exclam • sMI
hodag n2 • chiefly WI, MI, MN
hot dish n 1 • esp MI, WI, MN, ND (MAP)
hutspot n • MI
jumper n 7c • wNEng, nNY, MI
Juneberry n 1 • chiefly MI, MN, WI; also PA (MAP)
lawyer n B4 • esp MI, MN, WI (MAP)
leeky adj • MI, WI
lobber v • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp Upstate NY, CT, MI (MAP and Map Section)
long john n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Upper MW, Plains States, MI (MAP)
lunch roll n • chiefly MI
Mackinaw boat n • now esp MI
menominee n • chiefly MI, MN, WI
moor hen n 1 • esp MI, Upper Missip Valley
Norski n • chiefly MI, WI, Upper MW, Pacific NW (MAP)
Norway pine n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp MI, WI, MN (MAP)
oak opening n • chiefly wGt Lakes, esp WI, MI
oven n 2 • chiefly NEast, OH, MI, CA (MAP)
paczki n • in Polish settlement areas, esp MI, WI
pank v • chiefly nMI; also PA, Upstate NY
pasty n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Gt Lakes, esp MI (MAP)
pat n3 • Nth, esp MI (MAP)
pen barn n • MI, WI
Petoskey stone n • MI
pick v 1 • scattered, but esp nMI (MAP)
pin cherry n 1 • Nth, esp MI, MN, WI (MAP)
pine snake n 2 • esp MI, WI
poig exclam • scattered, but esp WI, MI, MN (MAP)
saffron bread n • Nth, esp MI (MAP)
sewing needle n • esp MI, WI, MN, MA (MAP and Map Section)
shine n 3 • esp MI, WI
shine v • scattered, but chiefly MI, WI, MN (MAP)
*singletree n • widespread exc NEast, MI (MAP)
skew- pref b • chiefly Nth, esp NY, MI, WI (MAP)
sleigh n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, esp MI, WI, MN (MAP)
sling n 1 • esp MI, OH
smear n 2 • chiefly MI, WI, MN (MAP)
spile n2 • chiefly NEast, MI (MAP)
splay v B • chiefly NJ, PA, OH, MI (MAP)
spread n 3 • esp Upper Missip Valley, MI
sprinkler n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes, esp MI
spruce hen n • esp MI, AK (MAP)
streaked snake n • chiefly MI, NEast (MAP)
sugar plum n 1 • esp MI
swale n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast, MI (MAP)
swamper n 5 • chiefly nwMI
swamp hook n • chiefly Nth, esp MI, WI
swill pail n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, MI (MAP)
tarvia n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp MI (MAP)
too yet adv phr • MI
travoy n • esp MI, WI
travoy v • MI, WI
travoy road n • esp MI
troll n • chiefly MI
van n • chiefly MI
ya hey intj • esp WI, MI, MN
Yooper n • chiefly MI
bitch v • esp among young and mid-aged speakers and among males (MAP)
boondock n • orig military slang, now widespread, esp among urban, young and mid-aged speakers
brownnose n • chiefly among young and mid-aged speakers
brownnose v • orig among speakers in the military; now widespread but chiefly among young and mid-aged speakers
buck n1 3b • widely used but esp freq among young and middle-aged Infs
curse, the n • esp common among women, young and mid-aged speakers, and coll educ speakers
dig v2 2 • chiefly among young and mid-aged speakers; esp freq among Black speakers; esp freq in urban comms
doozy n • esp freq among young and mid-aged speakers
drag n 13a • esp freq among Blacks and among young and mid-aged speakers
drag n 14 • esp freq among Black speakers and among young and mid-aged speakers
drink like a fish v phr • esp among young and mid-aged speakers and among well educ speakers
fart n • esp among young and mid-aged speakers
filthy adv • esp common among mid-aged and young speakers
finagle v A • esp freq among young and mid-aged speakers (MAP)
icky adj • esp freq among young and mid-aged speakers and among women (MAP)
p.g. adj • esp freq among mid-aged and young speakers (MAP)
upchuck v • esp freq among mid-aged and younger speakers, among coll educ speakers, and among women
ain’t v1 • Mid Atl, S Atl
ambition n • chiefly Mid Atl and settlement areas
Andy-iron n • esp Mid Atl
barefooted adj 1 • chiefly Mid and C Atl, Ohio Valley (MAP)
barshare plow n • esp Mid Atl
beat n 2 • formerly widespread, now esp Mid Atl (MAP)
behind a dime adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid Atl (MAP)
bell a buzzard v phr • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
black duck n 1 • chiefly NEast, Mid and C Atl (MAP)
blackfish n 2 • chiefly Mid and C Atl
bloodworm n 1 • chiefly C and Mid Atl (MAP)
breakfast bacon n • chiefly Mid and S Atl
bug n1 5b • chiefly Mid and S Atl, SW (MAP)
bush ax n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid Atl (MAP)
carry v B3 • formerly Mid Atl, now widespread
certain adv B3 • chiefly Mid and S Atl, NEng, Ohio Valley
chair n (pronc) • NEast and Mid Atl
cornhouse n • chiefly NEng, Mid Atl (MAP)
corn muffin n • scattered, but chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
cossie v • esp Mid Atl, S Atl
courthouse n 1 • chiefly Mid Atl
cove n1 1b • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Mid Atl (MAP)
crab soup n • chiefly Mid Atl, esp MD
creek n1 B1 • Atlantic, esp Mid and N Atl
crocus sack n • chiefly S and Mid Atl (MAP)
crowbill n • Mid Atl
cruiser n 3 • chiefly NEng, N Cent, Mid Atl (MAP)
damper n 1 • Mid Atl, esp eNC (MAP)
deaf adj (pronc) • chiefly Mid Atl
do v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid and S Atl
dodger n1 2 • chiefly Mid Atl
drain n1 C1 • scattered, but esp Mid and C Atl (MAP)
drain n1 C2 • scattered, but esp Mid and S Atl
dredge n1 (pronc) • chiefly N and Mid Atl, Delmarva
drift fishing n 1 • chiefly Mid Atl, Gulf States
drip v B1 • Mid Atl (MAP)
drunkard n 1 • chiefly Mid Atl (MAP)
dual highway n • scattered, but chiefly Mid and C Atl (MAP)
dual lane highway n • chiefly Mid Atl, esp SC
dust n2 • esp Mid Atl
edge of dark n • chiefly NEng, Mid Atl
*end of one’s row n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, exc Mid Atl
extra n C2 • chiefly Gulf States, Mid Atl (MAP)
fair maid n • Mid Atl
fairy stone n • chiefly Mid and S Atl
fatback n 2a • chiefly Mid Atl
father n (pronc) • esp eNEng, Mid Atl
*faucet n B1 • formerly chiefly Nth; now widespread, but less freq Mid and C Atl
fault n, v • chiefly Mid and S Atl
feed up v phr • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
filibuster v • Mid and S Atl
fit to be tied adj phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Mid Atl
flaw n • Atl coast, esp Mid Atl
free issue n • Mid Atl
frumenty n • Mid Atl
fuss-box n • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
gallbush n 1 • Mid Atl
galloping fence n • esp Mid Atl
garden house n • chiefly Mid Atl (MAP)
G.I. haircut n • scattered, but more freq C and Mid Atl, SE (MAP)
givey adj 1 • chiefly Mid and S Atl
grandma n A12 (pronc) • chiefly Mid Atl
gray trout n 1 • esp Mid Atl
guard n, v (pronc) • esp Mid and S Atl
hand broom n • chiefly S Midl, Mid Atl (MAP)
happy adj 3 • Mid and S Atl
hawk v1 3 • esp Mid Atl
hickory poplar n • chiefly C and Mid Atl
hilling hoe n • esp Mid Atl
hogchoker n • esp C and Mid Atl
hogfish n d • esp Mid Atl
hold v C1b • chiefly NEast, Mid Atl (MAP)
hot ball n 1 • Mid Atl
hot-weather bug n • esp NEast, Mid Atl
house n, v (pronc) • chiefly Atlantic, esp NEng, Mid and S Atl
hurricane n A2b (pronc) • chiefly Appalachians, Mid and S Atl
issue n B1 • Mid Atl, esp VA
Jack-in-the-bush n 2 • esp Mid and S Atl
Joe-Pye weed n 1 • chiefly NEast, Mid Atl (MAP)
johnny house n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid and S Atl (MAP)
joint grass n 1 • scattered, but esp Mid and S Atl
jumping mullet n 1 • chiefly Mid Atl, esp NC
juniper n 2b • Sth, esp Mid Atl
keeler n • chiefly NEast, Mid Atl
*kitchen broom n • scattered, but less freq C and Mid Atl, SE (MAP)
*kraut n 2 • widespread, but less freq Mid and S Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
last-go-trade n • chiefly Mid and S Atl, WV (MAP)
level n • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
liver pudding n • chiefly S and Mid Atl (MAP)
loblolly n 1a • esp Mid Atl
love child n • scattered, but more freq NEast, N Cent, Mid Atl (MAP)
low ground(s) n • chiefly Mid Atl (MAP)
low-test adj • chiefly NEast, Mid Atl, N Cent (MAP)
lull v • chiefly Mid and S Atl, nNEng
macadam n 1 • widespread, but chiefly NEast, Mid Atl, N Cent (MAP)
mason wasp n • chiefly Mid Atl, sAppalachians (MAP)
maw n1 1 • chiefly Gulf States, Mid and S Atl
mesh n1, v (pronc) • chiefly Mid Atl
Molly Bright n • Mid and S Atl
necessary n • scattered, but chiefly NEng, Mid and C Atl
nigger pine n 1 • chiefly C and Mid Atl, sAppalachians
Old Christmas n • chiefly Mid Atl, S Midl
oldwife n 1a • chiefly Mid Atl
on prep B9 • chiefly S and Mid Atl, PA (MAP)
open peach n • chiefly sAppalachians, Mid Atl (MAP)
out adv, v, adj, prep, n, exclam (pronc) • chiefly nNEng, nNY, Mid Atl, esp eVA
pa n A3 (pronc) • chiefly Mid Atl, esp SC (MAP)
parrot-toed adj • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
partridge n A4 (pronc) • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, Mid Atl (MAP)
peddle v a • chiefly Nth, West, Mid Atl (MAP)
pee-pee exclam • esp PA, Mid Atl; also LA, TX
peony n1 2 (pronc) • chiefly Cent, Mid Atl, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
pine snake n 1 • chiefly Mid and S Atl, Cent
pip n1 • esp Mid Atl (MAP)
*pit n2 1a • widespread, but somewhat less freq Mid and S Atl, W Midl (MAP)
pole barn n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Gt Lakes, Upstate NY, CT, Mid Atl (MAP)
*poor boy n 1 • orig New Orleans LA; now widespread exc NEast, Mid Atl; esp freq Gulf States, TN, TX (MAP)
pound net n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Mid Atl
pudding n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Mid and S Atl (MAP)
puppy drum n • esp Mid Atl
rack n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid Atl
rack n1 2 • esp Mid Atl coast
raw bar n • chiefly Atlantic, esp Mid Atl
rice n (pronc) • esp Mid and S Atl |rəɪs|
room n (pronc) • scattered, but esp NEng, Mid and S Atl, Gulf States |r^Um|
rum n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Mid Atl (MAP)
saddle horse n • scattered, but esp C and Mid Atl (MAP)
salmon trout n 2 • Mid Atl
saw bench n • esp S and Mid Atl (MAP)
schemy adj • esp Mid and S Atl
*schottische n • widespread exc Appalachians, Mid and S Atl (MAP)
scout n • esp Mid Atl
scovy n • esp Mid and S Atl
scratch n1 2 • esp Mid and S Atl
scritch owl n • chiefly S Midl, Mid Atl (MAP)
Scuffletown n • esp Mid Atl
sea foam n 1 • esp PA, Mid and C Atl, N Cent (MAP)
sedge hen n • chiefly Mid and S Atl
setback n 2 • chiefly SE, Mid Atl, Appalachians, CT (MAP)
shed n1 • esp Mid Atl
shedder n • chiefly N and Mid Atl
sheep burr n • scattered, but chiefly C and Mid Atl (MAP)
sickness n • scattered, but esp C and Mid Atl (MAP)
side ditch n • chiefly Midl, esp Mid Atl (MAP)
skimmer n 2 • N and Mid Atl
slat bonnet n • esp Mid Atl, S Midl (MAP)
slick calm adj phr • chiefly Mid and S Atl, Gulf States
snap v 3 • esp Mid and S Atl, nNEng (MAP)
south-southerly n • Atlantic, esp Mid Atl
*sowbelly n • widespread, but less freq N and Mid Atl, PA, c,sCA (MAP)
spew v 1 • chiefly Mid Atl (MAP)
spider n 1 • chiefly Nth; also Mid and S Atl (MAP)
spigot n B2 • widespread, but chiefly Appalachians, Mid and C Atl, eOH (MAP)
spot n 1 • chiefly Mid Atl (MAP)
spotlight v • scattered, but chiefly West, Mid Atl (MAP)
spreet n • esp Mid Atl
squamish adj • scattered, but esp NEast, Mid Atl
stick v 3 • esp Mid Atl
stool chair n • chiefly Mid and S Atl
striker n 1 • esp C and Mid Atl
suckhole n 2 • esp Mid Atl, SE (MAP)
swamp pine n 1c • esp Mid Atl
swash n • chiefly C and Mid Atl
sweet myrtle n 1 • Mid and S Atl
swelltoad n • chiefly Mid and S Atl
teaberry n 1 • esp Mid and C Atl (MAP)
timber cart n • chiefly Mid and S Atl
toadfish n a • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
trapball n • chiefly Mid Atl
trash mover n 1 • chiefly Mid and S Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
tread v 1 • N and Mid Atl
trim v 2 • chiefly Midl, Mid Atl (MAP)
tulip poplar n • chiefly Midl, Mid and C Atl (MAP)
turn n 1a • chiefly Mid and S Atl; also Gulf States (MAP)
turnhole n • esp C and Mid Atl
twitchet n 1 • chiefly Mid Atl, sAppalachians
wake-robin n 3 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Mid Atl (MAP)
water witch n 1 • chiefly Atlantic, esp Mid Atl
waver v • esp Mid Atl
whicker n1, v • chiefly SE, Mid Atl (MAP)
whook exclam • esp Mid Atl (MAP)
whopper-jawed adj 1 • chiefly C and Mid Atl, SE, N Cent (MAP)
wind v • scattered, but esp Mid and S Atl (MAP)
woodpecker-lark n • chiefly Mid Atl, GA
worriation n • chiefly Mid Atl, esp SC, NC
yaupon n • chiefly Mid Atl, esp NC
yellowbreast sunfish n • esp Mid and S Atl, Gulf States
youse-all pron • esp Mid Atl
Midland (See also North Midland; South Midland; West Midland)
a prep1 5 • throughout US, but esp freq in Midl, SW; less freq Sth, NEng
a inert vowel • now chiefly Sth, Midl
about prep, adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
Abraham Lincoln n • chiefly Sth, Midl
account n (pronc) • esp Sth, Midl
acknowledge the corn v phr • formerly widespread, now chiefly Midl
act v B1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
act v B4 • ?Midl
Adam’s apple n 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
afear(e)d adj • once widespread, now chiefly Sth, Midl
afflicted ppl adj • chiefly Sth, Midl
afore adv, conj, prep • once widespread, now chiefly Sth, Midl
after prep, adv, conj, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
afterwhile adv • chiefly Sth, Midl
again prep C1 • now chiefly Sth, Midl
again prep C2 • chiefly Midl
again conj D • chiefly Sth, Midl
agate n 3 • chiefly Sth, Midl
aggravated ppl adj • widespread, though esp freq in Sth, Midl
ague n (pronc) • Sth, Midl (MAP)
ahind prep, adv • chiefly Midl
airish adj 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
all adj1 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
all in adj 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
allow v 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
allow v 4 • chiefly Sth, Midl
along of prep 1 • chiefly Midl, Sth
aloose adj • Sth, Midl
ambitious adj 1 • Sth, Midl
amen corner n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
amost adv • chiefly NEng, Midl
and conj B2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
angry adj • chiefly NEng, Midl
apast prep • chiefly Midl
aplenty n • chiefly S Atl, Midl
appearently adv • chiefly Midl
apple peeling (social) n • chiefly Midl
appreciate v B1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
April n (pronc) • Midl
apron n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, Midl
apron n B4 • chiefly Sth, Midl
apurpose adv • chiefly NEng, Midl
arbor n B1 • Sth, Midl
argue v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
arrow n (pronc) • Sth, Midl
arthuritis n • esp Sth, Midl
ary adj • throughout US, but esp Sth, Midl
as conj B3 • chiefly Midl, Sth
as pron D • formerly widespread, now chiefly Midl, Sth
asafetida n (pronc) • Sth, Midl, and less frequently elsewhere
ascared adj • chiefly Midl, Sth
ashamed adj • chiefly Midl
ash-box n • chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
ash bread n • chiefly Sth, Midl
ash-hopper n • chiefly Sth, Midl
as how conj phr • chiefly Sth, Midl
ashpan n • widespread, but esp Nth, Midl (MAP)
ash pone n • chiefly Sth, Midl, esp VA
ask v A1a (pronc) • formerly esp NEng, now chiefly Sth, Midl
ask v A1b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
ask v A2a (pronc) • now chiefly Sth, Midl
ask v A2b (pronc) • now chiefly Sth, Midl
ask v A2c (pronc) • chiefly Midl
ass-licker n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
at prep 3 • chiefly Sth, Midl
at prep 4 • chiefly Sth, Midl
at all adv • chiefly Sth, Midl
at oneself adj phr • chiefly Sth, Midl
audacious(ly) adj, adv (pronc) • Sth, Midl
aunt n B2 • Sth, Midl
back-buster n • Sth, Midl
backdoor trot n 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
back-out n • Midl
backward(s) adj, adv, n (pronc) • esp Sth, Midl
backwater n 1 • chiefly Midl
backwoodser n • ?chiefly Midl
bad adj B7 • chiefly Sth, Midl
bad adj B8 • chiefly Sth, Midl
bad adv 2 • appar Sth, Midl
bad child n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bad place n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
baitworm n • chiefly Midl, Sth
baldface n 3 • chiefly Sth, Midl
balm n (pronc) • Sth, Midl
banjo n (pronc) • Sth, Midl
banter n • chiefly Sth, Midl
banter v 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
Baptist n (pronc) • esp Sth, Midl
bar n4 • chiefly Sth, Midl, nNY
barlow knife n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
barn lot n • chiefly Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
barrel n B1 • chiefly Midl, Sth
base n B2 • widespread, but esp Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
basket dinner n • chiefly Midl, occas Sth
bat v2 1 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bawl v1 2 • widespread but chiefly Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
bayou n (pronc) • esp Sth, Midl
be v B5a • esp Midl, Sth
be v B5b • chiefly Midl, Sth
be v C2a (pronc) • ?chiefly Sth, Midl
bear n1 A (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
bear n1 B • ?chiefly Sth, Midl
beat n 1 • chiefly NEng, Midl
beat in time v phr • chiefly Midl
bedfast adj • chiefly Midl, West (MAP)
*bellow n, v • widespread, but least freq in Midl (MAP and Map Section)
bench n B • chiefly Midl, West
best woman n • esp Midl
B from (a) bull’s foot, not to know v phr • now chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
big road n • chiefly Sth, Midl
black betty n • chiefly Midl
black-eyed bean n • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
black-eyed pea n • widespread, but esp freq in Sth, Midl
blackguard n, v, adj, adv (pronc) • in Midl
*bleat n • scattered, but least freq in Midl (MAP)
blindfold n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
blindman’s buff n c • chiefly Sth, Midl
blind side n • chiefly Midl
blink adj • chiefly Midl
blink v 1 • chiefly Midl
blixen n • chiefly Midl
blow n2 2 • scattered, but esp common in Midl (MAP)
blow v1 B1 • esp West and Midl
blue beech n • chiefly Midl
bluetick n • Sth, Midl
body n 1 • widespread, but esp Midl
boil n1, v (pronc) • Sth, Midl, NEng
bone orchard n • esp Nth, Midl
boogerman n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
boot n1 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bore v1 • chiefly Midl
bore for the simples v phr • chiefly Midl
bottom n 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bottomland n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
brag adj • chiefly Sth, Midl
brag on v phr • chiefly Midl
bread v • chiefly Midl, esp S Midl
brickle adj 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
britches n pl 3 • chiefly Sth, Midl
brush arbor n • chiefly Sth, Midl
bubby n2 1 • esp Midl
buck n1 1b • chiefly Nth, Midl
buck n1 1c • chiefly Sth, Midl
buck n1 2a • chiefly Midl, Sth
buck n1 2b • chiefly Midl
buck n1 2c • chiefly Midl, Sth
buck ague n 3 • Midl
bucket n 1 • formerly chiefly Sth and Midl, now more widespread
bucket n 2d • widespread, but esp freq Midl (MAP)
buck-eyed adj2 • chiefly Sth, Midl (Map Section)
buckle v 1 • widespread, but now most common in Nth, least common in Midl
buddy n 1a • widespread, but chiefly Midl, Sth
*buffet n A3 (pronc) • widespread, but infreq in Midl, West
bug dust n 1 • chiefly Midl coal-mining areas
bulge n B1 • esp Midl
bullpen n • chiefly Midl
bull rake n • chiefly Nth, Midl
bull-strong adj • chiefly Midl
bunch bean n • esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
buss n • chiefly Midl
buster n 1 • esp Midl
butter bean n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
butter pea n • Sth, Midl
call-down n • chiefly Nth, Midl
call down v phr • chiefly Nth, Midl
calm n, adj, v (pronc) • esp in Sth, Midl, infreq in NEng
camp meeting n • chiefly Sth, Midl
candle fly n • chiefly Sth, Midl
cap n1 3 • chiefly Midl
cap bundle n • esp Midl (MAP)
caramel n (pronc) • in Midl, esp west of Appalachians
care v B1 • chiefly Midl
case knife n • esp freq in Midl
catabias adj, adv • chiefly Midl, esp S Midl
catawampus adv 2 • chiefly Midl, Sth
cave v • chiefly Midl
checks, cash in one’s v phr • scattered, but esp Nth, Midl
chicken n C2a • Midl
chickie n 1 • widespread, but esp freq in Midl and Sth (MAP)
chili bean n 1 • chiefly Midl, West
chimney n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl, occas NEng
chips and whetstones n pl • chiefly Midl
chist n • scattered, but esp NEng, Midl
chop n1 1 • now chiefly Sth, Midl
chop v B1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
chop v B2 • chiefly Midl
chounse v 1 • Sth, Midl
cigar tree n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
cinch n1 3 • chiefly Midl
cipher n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
clabber n1 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl and West (MAP and Map Section)
climb v 2c • chiefly Midl, esp VA, NC
clout n1 1 • scattered, but esp Midl
coffee tree n 1 • chiefly Midl
coffin nail n 1 • widespread but esp Nth, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
cola n • scattered, but esp freq Midl
comb n B2 • chiefly Midl, occas Sth (MAP)
come back (again) v phr • chiefly Midl, scattered Sth
*come in v phr 1 • widespread, but least freq in Midl (MAP)
comfort n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
commode n 4a • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
cooling board n • Sth, Midl
coon v 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
cope v2 • chiefly Midl, scattered Sth (MAP)
copperhead snake n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
corn bin n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
corn cake n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
corn pone n 1 • orig chiefly Sth, Midl, now widespread exc NEng
corn squeezings n • esp Midl
cover n, v (pronc) • Sth, Midl, occas NEng
cow n (pronc) • esp in NEng, Midl
cowbrute n • chiefly Midl, SW
cow grease n • chiefly Midl
cow lot n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
cowpea n • chiefly Sth, Midl
cow’s tail n 2 • esp Midl, Sth
crab lantern n • ?Midl
crackling n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
crawfish n A • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
*crawfish n A • scattered, but least freq in Midl (MAP)
creep v B2 • chiefly Sth, scattered Midl (MAP)
creep v B3 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
cripe intj • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
critter n B2c • esp Midl
crow to pick, have a v phr • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
cud n (pronc) • Sth, Midl
culvert n (pronc) • esp Midl
curtain n B1 • chiefly Nth, Midl
cutter n1 2 • scattered, but chiefly Midl (MAP)
dance in the hog trough v phr • chiefly Midl
devil v 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
dewberry n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
diamond plow n • esp Midl
dishrag n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
dock n2 2 • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
Dog Town n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West
done in adj phr • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
double up v phr 2 • chiefly Midl, esp N Midl
down adj D2 • chiefly Midl, West
down-and-out adj 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
drag n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, Midl (MAP)
draggy adj 2 • chiefly Midl, S Atl (MAP)
drib n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
duck fit n • chiefly Sth, Midl
ear fly n • chiefly Midl
earmark n • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
ear slit n • chiefly Sth, Midl
ear tag n • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
east n2 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
Easter flower n 2 • chiefly Midl
edge n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl, eNEng
end of nowhere(s) n • appar Sth, Midl
entrails n pl (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
ewe n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
eyewink(er) n • esp Midl
falling weather n • chiefly Midl
farewell n 1 • Midl
fat meat n • chiefly Midl; also Sth (MAP)
feeding time n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
feel good v phr • chiefly Midl
fidget n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
fighting adv • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl
fine-haired adj • chiefly Midl
fire n, v (pronc) • esp Midl
fire-hunt v • chiefly Sth, Midl
first form thing n • chiefly Midl
fish bait n 1 • chiefly Midl, Sth
fisherman’s luck n • scattered, but more freq Sth, Midl
fishing worm n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
fitified adj • chiefly Midl; also Sth
flapjack n 2 • chiefly Midl
flat-out adv • chiefly Sth, Midl
flint n 1 • chiefly Midl, NY
flip n1 1 • Midl, Sth, esp AL
flue n2 1 • Midl
flyings n pl 2 • chiefly Midl
fly-up-the-creek n • chiefly Sth, Midl
forked ppl adj (pronc) • esp Midl
fornent prep • chiefly Midl
fourteen-day pickle n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
fox and hounds n 1 • chiefly Midl
fractious adj 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
frau n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
fried mush n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
full of oneself adj phr • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
funny bone n 1 • widespread, but less common eNEng, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
fuss n B2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
gape n C2 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
garden truck n • scattered, but esp freq Nth, Midl
gather v B5 • chiefly Midl, NY (MAP)
gee v2 b • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
glade n 1 • esp Midl and S Atl
go v C6 • chiefly Sth, Midl
go v C7 • chiefly Sth, Midl
good man n • Midl, esp S Midl
good measure n • esp Midl
goody n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
goose-drownder n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
go-sheep-go n • chiefly Midl, esp OH (MAP)
grandma n A1 • chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
grandma n A3 • chiefly Midl; also Sth, West (MAP)
grandpa n A3 • chiefly Midl; also Sth, West (MAP)
grease v A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
greasy adj A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
great day (in the morning) exclam • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
great northern bean n • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl
groundhog n 1 • widespread, but esp Midl (MAP)
ground squirrel n a • chiefly Midl, Sth
hard road n • chiefly Midl, esp IL (MAP)
hatchet n B3a • chiefly Nth, Midl
hay hole n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl, esp PA (MAP)
head n B1 • scattered, but esp Midl, Sth
headcheese n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
heavy adj • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
heel plate n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, Midl
hog v C1 • orig Midl, now also Sth
hog lot n • chiefly Midl, Sth
holiness adj • chiefly Sth, Midl, Cent (MAP)
hull n B2a(3) • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
hull v 1 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
hunker n1 • chiefly Midl, Sth
hurry-up n 2 • chiefly Nth, Midl
husk n B4a • chiefly Nth, Midl
Indian cigar n • chiefly Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
jack n1 14 • chiefly Sth, Midl
jacket n 1 • chiefly Midl
jack-o’-lantern n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
Jacks, by intj • esp Midl
jag n2 1c • chiefly Midl, esp sAppalachians
jimson weed n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
Job’s turkey n 1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl (MAP)
keep v B3 • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
kernel n 3 • widespread, but more freq Midl (MAP)
knot n1 3 • chiefly Sth, Midl, Cent (MAP)
kraut n 1 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
land frog n • chiefly Midl, C Atl (MAP)
lay out v phr 1 • chiefly Midl, Sth
lettuce bird n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
level full adj phr • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
lie v1 3 • esp NEast, Midl (MAP)
lief adv • chiefly NEast, Midl
lift v 1b(2) • esp Midl
-like suff • chiefly Midl, Sth
limberneck n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
linn n 1 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
loafing barn n • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, Midl (MAP)
male adj • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
mash v1 1 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl; also West (MAP)
mayflower n 7 • chiefly Nth, Midl
median (strip) n 1c • chiefly Midl (MAP)
mess up v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
metheglin n • chiefly Nth, Midl
mile n B • chiefly Sth, Midl
mince v • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl (MAP)
mincemeat n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
mind v C2 • esp Sth, Midl
mitt n 2 • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
most time(s) adv phr • esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
mud dauber n 1 • chiefly Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
mud duck n 1 • chiefly Midl, N Cent (MAP)
mushroom n (pronc) • chiefly NEast, Midl, N Cent (MAP)
mussel n 2 • chiefly Midl, Gulf States
nearside horse n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
need v 2 • chiefly Midl, esp PA
news bee n • chiefly Midl
nigger n1 B11 • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
off prep C1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl (MAP)
oil n1, v (pronc) • chiefly Midl
on prep, adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl, eNEng
on prep B3a • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
orchard grass n • chiefly Nth, Midl, esp S Midl (MAP)
out prep E • chiefly Sth, Midl; also NEast (MAP)
outen prep 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
over n E1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
paling n1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
pan-fried potatoes n pl • chiefly NEast, Midl (MAP)
pap n 1 • chiefly Midl, S Atl (MAP)
partridge n A2 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, Midl, now esp NEng, NY (MAP)
pawpaw n1 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
peach-tree tea n • Sth, Midl
peony n1 1 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
persnickety adj • scattered, but more freq Nth, Midl (MAP)
pheasant n 1a • chiefly Midl, esp PA, sAppalachians
piece n 7 • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl, TX (MAP)
pie squash n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
pinchers n pl • widely scattered, but esp freq Nth, Midl, TX (MAP)
plain out adv phr • Sth, Midl
plait v • chiefly Sth, Midl, SW (MAP)
play off v phr 1 • esp Midl, Sth (MAP)
poison vine n 1 • chiefly Midl
poke n1 1a • chiefly Midl, esp Appalachians (MAP)
poke n3 1 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
pokeberry n 1 • chiefly Midl, esp S Midl (MAP)
polly-fox v • chiefly Midl
pomace n 2b • chiefly Midl, esp S Midl
poor mouth n • chiefly Midl, Sth
portico n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
pound party n 1 • chiefly Midl, Cent
pour v, n B1a • chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
powder room n • scattered, but more freq C Atl, Midl (MAP)
powerful adj B1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
privy n 1 • esp Midl
pudding n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Mid and S Atl (MAP)
pull v 3 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
ragged robin n 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
rainbird n 1c • chiefly Midl, esp Appalachians (MAP)
rain crow n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
ramsack v • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl
ramstugious adj • esp Midl
rank v 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, Midl (MAP)
rat n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
*rein n B • widespread, but somewhat less freq Midl (MAP)
rick n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Midl (MAP)
ridge runner n 1 • esp Midl
riding plow n • esp Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
rinse v, n 2 (pronc) • esp Midl, Sth (MAP)
roasting ear n A2 (pronc) • scattered, but esp Midl (MAP)
roller towel n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West
sad adj • chiefly Midl, Sth
saft adj • chiefly Sth, Midl
scorpion n B2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
scrap n • chiefly Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
scrapple n • scattered, but chiefly Midl, esp PA, MD, C Atl (MAP)
scratcher n 2 • scattered, but esp Midl, SE (MAP)
scrub broom n • esp Midl (MAP)
seven-year itch n 2a • chiefly Midl (MAP)
sheepie exclam • scattered, but chiefly Midl (MAP)
shitepoke n B1 • chiefly Nth, Midl
shock n1 1 • chiefly Midl, Sth, West (MAP)
side ditch n • chiefly Midl, esp Mid Atl (MAP)
side meat n • widespread, but more freq Midl, Sth (MAP)
skift n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly Midl (MAP)
skillet n 1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq Midl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
smartweed n • widespread, but chiefly Midl, N Cent, Cent (MAP)
snake doctor n 2 • chiefly Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
snake feeder n 1 • chiefly Midl, Plains States (MAP and Map Section)
snead n • chiefly Midl
sook exclam • chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
souse n1 C1b • chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
Spanish needle n 1 • chiefly Midl, Sth (MAP)
springhouse n • formerly widespread, now chiefly Midl, Sth, esp Appalachians (MAP)
spring onion n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
stairsteps n pl • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
staves, to adv phr • scattered, but chiefly Midl
stew n • esp Midl, Sth
stock barn n • scattered, but esp Midl (MAP)
stop by v phr • scattered, but somewhat more freq Midl, Sth
stripper n 1 • scattered, but more freq Midl
stroy v, ppl adj • Sth, Midl
suck-egg adj • chiefly Sth, Midl
sugar n 1 • esp Midl
sugarberry n 1 • chiefly Midl, S Atl
sugar tree n • chiefly Midl (MAP)
suit n 2 • scattered, but now more freq Sth, Midl
sunfish n 1a • chiefly Nth, Midl, exc NW
swamp grass n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
sweat bee n 1 • chiefly Midl, Gt Lakes, Cent (MAP)
take up v phr 2 • esp Midl, West
tarpole wagon n • chiefly Midl, SW
tear up v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
tell v C1 • formerly chiefly Sth, Midl, now widespread
terrapin n B1 • chiefly Sth, Midl, TX (MAP)
thousand-legs n • scattered, but esp freq Sth, Midl (MAP)
three-titter n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
tick n2 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
*to prep B13 • widespread, but somewhat less freq NEng, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
tooth doctor n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
trestle n B • esp C Atl, Midl (MAP)
trifling adj 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
trigger v • chiefly Midl
trim v 2 • chiefly Midl, Mid Atl (MAP)
trough n A1 (pronc) • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
troutline n • chiefly Midl, Missip Valley (MAP)
truck patch n • chiefly Midl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
tulip poplar n • chiefly Midl, Mid and C Atl (MAP)
tumblebug n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl
turn in v phr • chiefly Midl
turn off v phr 2 • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl
twist n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Sth, SW (MAP)
umbrella n A2a (pronc) • widespread, but esp Midl, Sth, SW (MAP)
upping block n • chiefly Midl
walk, strong enough to adj phr • chiefly Sth, Midl, TX (MAP)
want v1 C3 • chiefly Midl, esp wPA
wash n, v (pronc) • widespread but esp freq Midl |wɑrš, wɔrš|
water n B1 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
water haul n • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
wax n 2 • esp Midl (MAP)
weatherboard n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
whang v • chiefly Midl (MAP)
wheelbarrow n 2 (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
whichaway(s) adv • scattered, but more freq Sth, Midl, TX, N Cent (MAP)
whipstick n • esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
white lightning n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl, SW (MAP)
white mule n • scattered, but esp freq Midl, West (MAP)
whomper-jawed adj 1 • Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
whomper-jawed adj 2 • chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
whooee exclam 2 • widespread exc NEast; most freq Midl, esp IA, IL, IN (MAP)
whopper-jawed adj 2 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
wide place in the road n • chiefly Midl, Sth, West (MAP)
widow woman n 1 • formerly widespread, now esp Midl, Sth (MAP)
wiggleworm n 2 • chiefly Midl (MAP)
wild poinsettia n • chiefly Sth, Midl
winding blades n pl • chiefly Sth, Midl
winter onion n • chiefly Inland Nth, Midl
wire n (pronc) • esp Midl |wɑr|
woodchuck n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
wood jack n • chiefly Midl
woodlot n • widespread, but esp Nth, Midl (MAP)
work-brittle adj 1 • chiefly Midl, esp IN (MAP)
yieldy adj • Midl
yolk n A1 (pronc) • widespread, but esp Nth, Midl (MAP)
you-uns pron1 • chiefly Midl
you-uns' adj, pron2 • chiefly Midl
Midwest, Upper See Upper Midwest
minced form; minced oath; minced phrase See euphemism
baga n • chiefly MI, WI, MN (MAP)
booya n • MI, WI, MN
borrows exclam • esp MI, WI, MN
Chicago n B2 • WI, MN, ND
Christmas fool n • WI, MN, ND, areas of Norw settlement
coulee n 1c • chiefly WI, MN, MT, ND, WY
crazy day n • esp MN
dagwood n • scattered, but esp MN, IA, CO (MAP)
dogan n • nMI, nMN
fattigmanns bakkels n • chiefly in Scan settlement areas, esp MN, WI
heinie n1 2 • esp MN, WI
hodag n2 • chiefly WI, MI, MN
hot dish n 1 • esp MI, WI, MN, ND (MAP)
house n, v (pronc) • nND, MN
ish intj • esp MN, WI
ishy adj • esp MN, WI
jackpine savage n • esp MN, WI
julebukk n • WI, MN, ND in Norw settlement areas
Juneberry n 1 • chiefly MI, MN, WI; also PA (MAP)
kittenball n • IA, MN, WI
krumkake n • chiefly MN, WI
lawyer n B4 • esp MI, MN, WI (MAP)
lefse n • Norw settlement areas, esp MN, WI
limpa n • chiefly IL, MN, ND, WI
menominee n • chiefly MI, MN, WI
minnow n B2e • esp MN, WI
mousie n 1 • esp WI, MN
muskeg n • chiefly AK, MN
northern n 1 • chiefly MN, WI (MAP)
Norway pine n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp MI, WI, MN (MAP)
ostkaka n • esp MN
pin cherry n 1 • Nth, esp MI, MN, WI (MAP)
poig exclam • scattered, but esp WI, MI, MN (MAP)
primost n • esp WI, MN
rommegrot n • esp MN, WI
rosette n • chiefly WI, MN
rubber binder n • scattered, but esp MN
sandbakkels n • MN, WI
sewing needle n • esp MI, WI, MN, MA (MAP and Map Section)
shine v • scattered, but chiefly MI, WI, MN (MAP)
sleigh n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, esp MI, WI, MN (MAP)
slough-pumper n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, esp MN
smear n 2 • chiefly MI, WI, MN (MAP)
sorry adj (pronc) • esp MN, WI |ˈsori|
sylte n • chiefly Scandinavian settlement areas, esp MN
tarred road n • chiefly east of Missip R; also MN (MAP)
then adv B • esp MN, WI
tullibee n • Gt Lakes, esp MN
uff-da exclam, n • orig in Norw settlement areas, esp MN, WI
wapatuli n • orig chiefly WI, MN; now more widespread
Washington poke n • chiefly MN, WI
woodchuck case n • WI, MN
ya hey intj • esp WI, MI, MN
babowa n • [Minorcan]
dory n2 • [Perh Miskito dóri, dúri dugout]
armoire n • chiefly LA, MS (MAP)
bread-dough biscuit n • chiefly Nth, AR, MS (MAP)
care v B2 • chiefly FL, MS, AR, OK, NM (MAP)
cedar robe n • esp LA, MS
coco grass n • chiefly Sth, esp LA, MS
crab-apple switch n • Sth, S Midl, esp MS
egg custard (pie) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp MS (MAP)
furnish n • MS
hoodoo n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, esp LA, MS (MAP)
jimplecute n 2 • esp AR, MS, MO, TX
jimpsecute n • MS, SW, esp TX
kaiser blade n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, esp MS (MAP)
limit n • MS
*median (strip) n 1a • widespread exc Pacific, Rocky Mts, LA, MS (MAP)
neutral ground n • chiefly LA, sMS (MAP)
pirogue n • chiefly Missip Valley; now esp MS, LA (MAP)
pump n1 • MS, LA
river shrimp n • LA, MS, AL
share hand n • esp LA, MS
soup bunch n • chiefly Sth, esp LA, MS
tievine n 1 • scattered, but esp TX, LA, MS (MAP)
addition n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valley
beans, not to know v phr b • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys
boss, get oneself a v phr • chiefly Sth, sMissip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
bubbler n 1 • Missip-Ohio Valleys
buck v1 B1 • scattered, but esp west of Missip-Ohio Valleys
bull snake n • formerly widespread SE; now esp Missip-Ohio Valleys and westward (MAP)
burr n1 3 • chiefly Cent, Missip-Ohio Valleys, TX (MAP)
ferry-flat n • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys, S Atl
fiddler n 1 • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys
fish fry n • scattered Missip-Ohio Valleys, Sth, S Midl
*flat n1 1a • widespread, but less freq Missip-Ohio Valleys, Plains States
goggle-eye n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
handy-over n, exclam • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Inland Sth (MAP)
johnboat n 1 • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
Mississippi cat n • Missip-Ohio Valleys
muckle-dun adj 1 • scattered, but esp Missip-Ohio Valleys
mud cat n 1a • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Gulf States
northern bean n • scattered, but esp Sth, Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
parkway n 3 • scattered, but esp Missip-Ohio Valleys, West (MAP)
pig hickory n • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys
planter n 1 • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys
pole barn n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Gt Lakes, Upstate NY, CT, Mid Atl (MAP)
pooey exclam • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Upper MW; also C Atl (MAP)
quillback n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys
red bean n • scattered, but more freq Gulf States, West, Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
red haw n 1 • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
sand shell n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys
sawyer n 4 • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys
shad n 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Missip-Ohio Valleys
shanty n 3 • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
shantyboat n 1 • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys
skimback n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys
smooth mouth n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, West
snake n 3b • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, KS, OK (MAP)
sow and pigs n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
spatzie n 1 • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, PA (MAP)
spreading viper n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, esp IN (MAP)
staging n • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys
teeter-totter n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, Missip-Ohio Valleys, West (MAP)
throw line n • scattered, but esp Lower Missip Valley, Missip-Ohio Valleys, TX (MAP)
tight line n • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys, Gulf States (MAP)
towboat n 1 • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
towhead n 1 • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys
two-cornered cat n • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys
wagon wheel n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
water puppy n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys
water witch n 4 • scattered, but chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, West (MAP)
water witch v phr • scattered, but chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, West (MAP)
woolly worm n • scattered, but chiefly W Midl, Missip-Ohio Valleys, TX (MAP)
adder n 3a • chiefly east of Missip R, esp NEast
all-overs n pl 2 • chiefly east of Missip R
ash maple n • chiefly east of the Missip R
banty n • widespread, esp east of Missip R
beat one down v phr • chiefly east of Missip R, but esp NEast (MAP)
brag n 2 • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
bucket n 3 • chiefly Nth and N Midl, east of Missip R (MAP)
bug n1 1 • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
cartridge n (pronc) • esp east of Missip R
clay road n • scattered east of Missip R, esp S Atl (MAP)
co v • chiefly east of Missip R
co-nan(nie) v phr • chiefly east of the Missip R, esp Atlantic
crossbar n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp Atlantic
faucet n A1 (pronc) • scattered, but esp freq east of Missip R
gad n1 1 • chiefly east of Missip R
high-test adj • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP and Map Section)
home free exclam • chiefly east of Missip R, esp NY (MAP)
house party n • chiefly east of Missip R
huckleberry n 1 • chiefly east of Missip R
hy spy n 2 • scattered east of Missip R, esp OH (MAP)
letter n 2 • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
little Sally Water(s) n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp PA (MAP)
marketing n 1 • scattered, but esp east of Missip R (MAP)
mountain oak n a • east of Missip R
muck n1 1a • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
Old Boy n • esp east of Missip R (MAP)
outlander n • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
peanut gallery n • scattered, but chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
pocketbook roll n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp PA (MAP)
sparrowgrass n1 • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
spigot n (pronc) • widespread, but more freq east of Missip R..|ˈspɪkt, -ət| (MAP)
sugar n 2 • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
tarred road n • chiefly east of Missip R; also MN (MAP)
time out exclam • widespread, but more freq east of Missip R (MAP)
trailer truck n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp NEast; also TX, Cent (MAP and Map Section)
V n 1 • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
wood house n • chiefly east of Missip R (MAP)
bum n2 • west of Missip R
chalkie n • chiefly west of Missip R
civet cat n 2 • chiefly west of Missip R (MAP)
cooler n 1 • esp west of Missip R (MAP)
draw n 2b • chiefly west of Missip R
gumbo n 6b • chiefly west of Missip R, Sth
Indian breadroot n • chiefly west of Missip R
king’s ex exclam, n • chiefly west of Missip R, Gulf States, Ohio Valley (MAP and Map Section)
p.g. adj • chiefly west of Missip R, N Cent (MAP)
pound sand down a rathole v phr 1 • chiefly west of Missip R, N Cent, Upstate NY (MAP)
stubble duck n • west of Missip R
tree squirrel n • chiefly west of Missip R (MAP)
work-up n • chiefly west of Missip R, Gt Lakes (MAP)
Mississippi Valley (See also Mississippi Valley, Lower; Mississippi Valley, Upper)
alligator snapper n • Gulf States and Missip Valley
banana n B1 • chiefly mid Missip Valley
bed pot n • scattered, but esp cent Missip Valley
blue martin n • esp Sth, Missip Valley
boot n1 1b • widespread, but esp Atl States, Missip Valley; scattered West
cannonball n • chiefly Missip Valley (MAP)
catarrh n • central Missip Valley
change off v phr • chiefly W Midl, Missip Valley
channel catfish n • chiefly Missip Valley and adjacent areas (MAP)
chicken snake n 1 • chiefly Sth, Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
chuckleheaded catfish n • esp Missip Valley
coonjine n • chiefly Missip Valley
coonjine v • chiefly Missip Valley
cordelle n, v • chiefly Missip Valley
crevasse n • Missip Valley
flat n1 3 • chiefly Missip and Ohio R Valleys, SE coast
flatboat n 1b • chiefly Missip Valley, Ohio Valley (MAP)
gopher n1 2a • chiefly West, Missip Valley, Gulf States
goujon n • Missip Valley, esp LA
gourdseed sucker n • esp Missip Valley
gumbo n 6a • chiefly Missip Valley, West (MAP)
hog molly n 1 • chiefly Ozarks, Missip Valley
hoop net n • chiefly Missip Valley
Jew’s harp n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Missip Valley, West
jug v1 • chiefly Missip Valley
jug fishing vbl n • chiefly Missip Valley (MAP)
knickknack n1 • esp Sth, Missip Valley (MAP)
lag line n • chiefly West, Missip Valley, sNJ (MAP)
levee n1 1a • chiefly Missip Valley, esp LA
levee n1 1b • chiefly Missip Valley
marble eye n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, Missip Valley (MAP)
mosquito hawk n 2a • chiefly Sth, but scattered Missip Valley (MAP and Map Section)
mud puppy n b • chiefly Missip Valley
niggerhead n 4 • chiefly Missip Valley
pack v 1 • chiefly West, Missip Valley, sAppalachians (MAP)
pirogue n • chiefly Missip Valley; now esp MS, LA (MAP)
piss elm n • chiefly N Cent, Missip Valley, Upstate NY (MAP)
pitch n2 1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY, Delmarva, Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
pitchfork n 3c • chiefly N Cent, Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
rat v 1 • esp Gulf States, Missip Valley (MAP)
razorback buffalo (fish) n • chiefly Missip Valley
redfin n 1 • chiefly NEast, Missip Valley
rock shell n • Missip Valley
shad fly n • chiefly NEast; also Missip Valley, GA (MAP)
slider n 1 • esp DE, MD; also Missip Valley
topwater n 1 • chiefly Missip Valley
transport n • chiefly Missip Valley, West, Gulf States, Gt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
troutline n • chiefly Midl, Missip Valley (MAP)
tug n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Missip Valley, West (MAP and Map Section)
turtledove n • now esp Missip Valley, Sth (MAP)
urp v1 • scattered, but chiefly Missip Valley, GA, SW (MAP)
waterspout n 1 • scattered, but esp freq Missip Valley (MAP)
batture n • Lower Missip Valley, esp sLA
blue catfish n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp lower Missip Valley (MAP)
buckshot n 1 • lower Missip Valley
chute n • lower Missip Valley
coal oil n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley and SW
cold drink n • chiefly Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
conquer John n • chiefly Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley
*dinner n 1b • widespread, but less freq Lower Missip Valley, S Atl (MAP)
dry salt adj phr • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, TX
earscrew n • chiefly Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
*exchange work v phr, n • widespread, but less freq Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
fast train n • chiefly N Cent, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
fee lark n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
flunky n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
flux n • chiefly sAppalachians, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
from prep B3 • esp Lower Missip Valley, eTX
goober n1 1 • widespread, but chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, SW (MAP)
grass sack n • chiefly C Atl, Lower Missip Valley, Ohio Valley (MAP)
*green pepper n 1 • widespread exc SE, Lower Missip Valley (MAP and Map Section)
grindle n1 • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, eTX (MAP)
half a quarter n • Lower Missip Valley
hey exclam 1 • chiefly Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
hog-head souse n • Sth, S Midl, esp Lower Missip Valley
horse lot n 1 • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
hound dog n 2 • scattered, but esp Lower Missip Valley, TX, S Atl (MAP)
in prep B7 • scattered, but chiefly S Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
joe darter n 1 • esp Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
kaiser blade n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, esp MS (MAP)
kiln n • esp C Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
*kraut n 2 • widespread, but less freq Mid and S Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
loan v A1 • esp Lower Missip Valley
loggerhead n 5b • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
log wagon n 1 • scattered, but esp Lower Missip Valley, Ohio Valley, C Atl (MAP)
mantelboard n • esp TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
maypop n 1 • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley
nettle rash n • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
net wire n • scattered, but chiefly Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
niggerhead n 3b • chiefly TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
nigger navel n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
of prep Bb • esp Appalachians, Lower Missip Valley, SW (MAP)
partridge n A4 (pronc) • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, Mid Atl (MAP)
pop-the-whip n • chiefly Sth, Lower Missip Valley, West (MAP)
quarter n 1 • chiefly Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
red adj Aa(2) • chiefly S Midl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
rise v A1a • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, SW; also NEast (MAP)
rise v A2b • scattered, but esp SE, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
rouster n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley
salt meat n • Lower Missip Valley, esp LA (MAP)
*saw wood v phr • widespread, but less freq S Atl, Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
scaly bark n • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
section harrow n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, SE (MAP)
shivaree n B2 • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, esp LA (MAP)
shoestring potato n • scattered, but esp West, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
*shooter n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
side harrow n • esp Lower Missip Valley
slide n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
slide n 2 • esp Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
snuffbox n 1 • esp S Midl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
soda water n • scattered, but esp TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
sorry adj B1 • scattered, but esp SE, Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
sow coon n 1 • esp Lower Missip Valley
spoiled adj 1 • chiefly W Midl, Lower Missip Valley, West (MAP)
spreading adder n • chiefly Sth, TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
stewer n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
stinging lizard n • chiefly TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
stinging snake n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley
*store n B1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
*store n B2 • widespread, but less freq Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
storm house n 2 • chiefly Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
striped bass n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Atlantic, Lower Missip Valley, CA (MAP)
striped turtle n 1 • esp Lower Missip Valley, TX
*summer squash n • widespread, but less freq C and S Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
sun perch n • chiefly S Midl, Lower Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
swamp rat n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley
take out v phr 5 • esp Lower Missip Valley
throw line n • scattered, but esp Lower Missip Valley, Missip-Ohio Valleys, TX (MAP)
towboat n 1 • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
trash mover n 1 • chiefly Mid and S Atl, Lower Missip Valley
truck patch n • chiefly Midl, Lower Missip Valley
*turn v B1 • widespread, but less freq Lower Missip Valley, nTX, OK, KY (MAP)
turtle n B • formerly widespread, now chiefly Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK
*wiggler n 1 • widespread, but less freq Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
willow cat n a • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley
wolf over the river n 1 • chiefly TX, Lower Missip Valley
yearling tick n • esp Lower Missip Valley
bugle n 1 • chiefly Atlantic, upper Missip Valley
democrat bug n • Upper Missip Valley, Cent
dogfish n 2 • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Gt Lakes (MAP)
frontage road n • chiefly West, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
fruit cellar n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
gosling n 2 • esp Upper Missip Valley
gray gopher n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley
header n 3 • scattered, but esp NEast, Upper Missip Valley
her pron B2 • scattered, but esp West, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
hornyhead chub n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley
johnny darter n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley
klatch n • scattered, but chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Gt Lakes (MAP)
liver sausage n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
long john n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Upper MW, Plains States, MI (MAP)
lug n1 1 • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
machine shed n • widespread, but esp freq Plains States, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
maintainer n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, esp IA, MO (MAP)
mapleleaf n • Upper Missip Valley
mooneye n 1 • esp Upper Missip Valley
moor hen n 1 • esp MI, Upper Missip Valley
morel n2 • chiefly N Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
Mormon fly n • Upper Missip Valley
mud darter n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley
mug-up n • scattered, but esp N Atl, Upper Missip Valley, AK
mule n1 4 • Upper Missip Valley
netting (wire) n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
oyster n B2 • chiefly Upper Missip Valley
*passion mark n • scattered, but less freq NEng, Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
pigtoe n • esp Upper Missip Valley
rock n1 5 • chiefly Upper Missip and Ohio Valleys, C and S Atl (MAP)
rock pocketbook n • Upper Missip Valley
rolle bolle n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley; in Dutch and Belgian settlement areas
sand fly n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, TX, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
sand sturgeon n • esp Upper Missip Valley
sauerbraten n • esp N Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
see you in church exclam • chiefly Nth, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
silk-stocking n attrib • scattered, but esp Gulf States, TX, Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
slough grass n 1 • chiefly Upper MW, Upper Missip Valley, Plains States (MAP)
slough-pumper n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, esp MN
soft maple n • chiefly wNEng, Upstate NY, nPA, N Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
spread n 3 • esp Upper Missip Valley, MI
stable n 1 • esp PA, Upper Missip Valley
stirring plow n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Plains States
stop-and-go light n • scattered, but esp freq Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
striped gopher n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
switchtail n 1 • Upper Missip Valley
terrace n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
thrash machine n • scattered, but esp Upper Missip Valley, N Cent (MAP)
thunder mug n • widespread, but chiefly NEast, Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
wartyback n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley
willow cat n d • Upper Missip Valley
barn martin n • esp KY, MO, TN
eversharp n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Upper MW, KS, MO (MAP)
hall tree n • scattered, but esp N Cent, MO (MAP)
handfish v • esp MO
jimplecute n 2 • esp AR, MS, MO, TX
leaky roof n • esp MO
maintainer n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, esp IA, MO (MAP)
ornery adj B4 • esp MO (MAP)
outer road n • MO, AR
*pop n1 • widespread, but less freq N Atl, ePA, Sth, eMO, sIL (MAP)
ripgut n 1 • esp MO
rock pink n 1 • esp KS, MO
slab n 1 • scattered, but esp IL, IN, MO (MAP)
soda n B1 • widespread, but esp freq NEast, eMO, sIL (MAP)
straddle board n 2 • chiefly AR, MO
take v B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, MO, OK, TX (MAP)
tie-whacker n • esp MO
tiff n • esp MO
coulee n 1c • chiefly WI, MN, MT, ND, WY
flat n1 12 • MT
hunyak n 2 • MT, ND, SD, WY
jerky n1 • chiefly MT
lamb licker n • chiefly MT
pitch-in dinner n • chiefly IN; also MT (MAP)
wild bean n 1f • West, esp MT
willow witch n 1 • esp MT
aunt n B3 • In Mormon polygamous families
gentile n • Esp among Mormons
home evening n • among Mormons
mutual n • among Mormons
stake n • Mormon settlement areas
ward n • in Mormon settlement areas
Muskogean; Muskogee
chittamwood n • [.. chittam is perh of Muskogean origin..]
sofkee n • [Muskogee safki]
N
jacal n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl xacalli hut]
mescal n • [MexSpan mezcal ..< Nahuatl mexcalli..]
mesquite n • [MexSpan mezquite < Nahuatl mizquitl]
metate n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl metatl]
nopal n • [MexSpan nopalli, ult < Nahuatl..]
ocote n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl ocotl torch]
peyote n • [MexSpan peyote < Nahuatl peyotl]
pinacate bug n • [MexSpan..< Nahuatl pinacatl]
popotillo n • [MexSpan..ult from Nahuatl popotl broom]
quelite n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl quilitl]
sacahuista n • [MexSpan zacahuiscle, ult of Nahuatl origin]
sacate n • [MexSpan zacate < Nahuatl zacatl]
sotol n • [AmSpan < Nahuatl]
tacamahac n • [From obs Span tacamahaca < Nahuatl..]
tecolote n • [AmSpan tecolote < Nahuatl]
tepopote n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl]
toloache n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl toloatzin]
tule n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl tollin, tullin]
Nantucket See Massachusetts, Nantucket
nocake n • [Narraganset nokehick parched corn meal]
pogy n • [..appar < Narraganset..]
samp n • [Of Algonquian origin; cf Narraganset nasaump “softened by water”]
sannup n • [Algonquian; Narraganset sannop, Abnaki senanbe a married male member of the community]
tautog n • [Narraganset]
wamp n1 • [Prob of Algonquian orig (cf Narragansett wompi white)..]
wampee n • [..(The nasal appearing e.g. in Narragansett wompi ``white'' reflects..eastern Algonquian langs..)]
supawn n • [Amer Du sapaen boiled corn meal < Algonquian; cf Natick saupaun softened by water]
ahiu n • ?not fully naturalized
boucan n • not fully naturalized
buche n • perh not fully naturalized
busha n • not fully naturalized
hogan n • [Navaho “lodge”]
Hosteen n • [Navaho hastqi’n]
owl’s claws n • [Calque of the Navaho name..]
blowout n • orig NE, now more widespread
chophill n • NE
doodinkus n • chiefly KS, NE
dugout n 1 • chiefly OK, KS, NE
oil mat (road) n • esp NE
pickle n 4 • NE
pump n2 • NE
runza n • chiefly Upper MW, esp NE
sandhiller n 2 • NE
soddy n 1 • chiefly Cent, esp KS, NE
timber squirrel n • esp Upper MW, KS, NE
topsy stove n • chiefly KS, NE
waddy n 2 • NE
angry acacia n • AZ, CA, NV
cow county n • CA, NV
cui-ui n • NV
French frog n • CA, NV
mescrew n 1 • esp NV
miner’s consumption n • chiefly West, esp CA, NV, CO (MAP)
parada n • CA, OR, NV
pocket n 4 • West, esp CA, NV
pogonip n • chiefly NV
pogy n 5 • ceCA, cwNV
solo n • esp NW, NV (MAP)
splatter-ass n • CA, NV, OR
swamp cedar n 4 • NV
-a • chiefly wNEng south through NC (exc NYC and Philadelphia PA areas), Cent and SW
*a prep1 5 • throughout US, but esp freq in Midl, SW; less freq Sth, NEng
Aaron’s rod n 2 • NEng
abeam adj • coastal NEng
Abe Lincoln War n • NEng
Abolition War n • nNEng
Acadian owl n • esp NEng
across lot(s) adv phr 1 • chiefly NEng and settlement area
Adam’s cup n • chiefly NEng
admire v A • chiefly NEng, S Midl
admire v B1 • chiefly NEng, S Midl, and settlement areas
adrift adj • chiefly coastal NEng
afoul of prep • chiefly coastal NEng
after prep, adv, conj, n (pronc) • esp NEng, Sth
after cutting n • NEng and settlement areas
aftermath n • chiefly NEng, Delmarva
all adj1 2 • chiefly NEng
all is adv phr • chiefly NEng, Appalachians
all of a phr • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
allot v • chiefly NEng
all standing adv • NEng
almanac n (pronc) • chiefly NEng, S Midl
alow and aloft adv phr • chiefly NEng
a mind adj phr • chiefly NEng, Sth
amost adv • chiefly NEng, Midl
anadama bread n • NEng
angledog n • chiefly NEng, esp CT and swMA, and settlement areas
angry adj • chiefly NEng, Midl
animal n B1 • chiefly NEng, N Midl, West
ankle-tie n • chiefly NEng
*Annie-over n, exclam • widespread, but least freq in NEng, S Atl (MAP)
ant heap n • NEng
antiques and horribles n pl • NEng
*anymore adv • scattered, but least freq NEng (MAP)
apple bee n • chiefly NEng
apple (brown) betty n • NEng and settlement area
apple John n 1 • NEng
apple John n 2 • chiefly sNEng and settlement areas
apple pandowdy n • chiefly NEng
apple pot-pie n • chiefly sNEng
apple shaker n • NEng
apple slump n • chiefly NEng, esp sNEng
apurpose adv • chiefly NEng, Midl
arch n 2 • chiefly NEng
arnica n B2a • NEng
ask v A1a (pronc) • formerly esp NEng, now chiefly Sth, Midl
astern adv • NEng
astern the lighter adj phr • coastal NEng, esp Nantucket MA
as the feller says adv phr • chiefly NEng, S Midl
aunt n A1 (pronc) • esp eNEng, eVA
aunt n B1 • chiefly NEng
avast v • chiefly coastal NEng
awful adj 1 • NEng
aye, yes or no n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
ayuh adv, intj • chiefly NEng, nNY (MAP)
babies’ feet n • NEng
bachelder n • ?NEng
back v 6 • Atlantic, esp coastal NEng
back along adv phr • NEng
back and fill v phr • chiefly NEng
backen v 1 • NEng
back kitchen n • chiefly NEng
bag leaves n • NEng
bag plant n • NEng
bait n 5 • Nth, esp NEng
baiting vbl n • chiefly NEng
bake n 1 • chiefly NEng
balanced wall n • NEng
ballyhack n • chiefly NEng
bange v • NEng, esp ME
bank v 1 • chiefly NEng
banker n 2 • NEng
banking n 1 • chiefly NEng
bannock n • chiefly Nth, esp eNEng
Baptist cake n • NEng
barge n 2 • NEng
barn chamber n • chiefly NEng, esp ME, NH
barroom n • chiefly NEng
barroom man n • chiefly NEng
barvel n • NEng, esp coastal ME
barway n • chiefly NEng
basket-fish n • NEng coast
bateau n B1 • Nth, esp NEng
bay n2 • chiefly NEng
be v A2 (pronc) • widespread, esp NEng, S Midl
be v B1c • esp NEng & settlement areas; also Sth
be v C1a • chiefly NEng
be v C2b • chiefly NEng, NY, nPA; also Sth, esp eVA, eNC
beach plum n • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
beaft prep • NEng coast
beanwater, be on one’s v phr • NEng
beast n B1 • Sth, S Midl, NEng
beast n B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
beat n 1 • chiefly NEng, Midl
beat out adj phr 1 • scattered, but esp NEng
beau v • chiefly NEng
beaver meadow n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
beef creature n • chiefly NEng
begrudge v (pronc) • chiefly in NEng
being conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
bellows n, v A2 • esp S Midl (formerly also NEng)
belly-bump n, adv, v 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
belly-bumper n, adv, v 1 • chiefly sNEng, PA (MAP)
belly-bunt n, adv 1 • esp NEngl
belly-butting n, adv • esp NEng
belly girt n • chiefly NEng, S Atl (MAP)
bend doughnut n • sNEng
bendy-bow n 1 • esp sNEng
benjamin n • chiefly NEng
bet n1, v (pronc) • NEng, esp ME
biddy n1 1 • chiefly NEng, S Atl
big loon n • chiefly NEng
bigness n • chiefly NEng
bird n A1 (pronc) • esp coastal Sth, NYC, eNEng
bird cherry n 1b • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
bird’s nest n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
biscuit n A • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
black ice n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
black snap n • chiefly NEng
blanket chest n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
blare v 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
blow n1 • chiefly NEng
blow-leaf n • NEng
blue myrtle n 2 • prob NEng
bluenose n 1 • chiefly NEng
bluenose n 2 • chiefly NEng
bob v • chiefly Gt Lakes and NEng
bog hoe n • NEng
bog meadow n • chiefly NEng, esp CT
bogtrotter n 3 • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
boil adj • chiefly Sth, NEng
boil n1, v (pronc) • Sth, Midl, NEng
boiled cake n • chiefly sNEng
boiled cider n • chiefly NEng
boiling n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
bollicky adj, adv • NEng
bonnyclabber n • esp eNEng
booby hut n • chiefly NEng
boodle n 1 • esp NEng
borning vbl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
borrow v A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl and NEng, esp ME
Boston cracker n • NEast, esp NEng
brack n • chiefly NEng
breachy adj • chiefly NEng, West
breakdown n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
brewis n • NEng
brief adj1 • chiefly NEng
brook n • orig chiefly NEng, now widespread but esp common NEast (MAP)
brown bread n • chiefly NEng
browse v 1 • NEng
brustle n, v • chiefly NEng
brute n • chiefly S Midl, occas NEng
*bub n2 1 • widespread, but rare in NEng
bucky n1 • esp sNEng
budge adj • chiefly NEng
buffet n B1 • chiefly NEng
bugger v 1 • NEng
bulkhead n 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
bull paddock n • NEng
bunch plum n • NEng
bung up and bilge free adj phr • coastal NEng
burgoo n 1 • chiefly NEng
burn v B3 • scattered, but esp NEng, CA
bush n1 B1a • esp NEng
bush scythe n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
butter bean n 2 • esp NEng
buttery n • Nth, esp NEng (MAP)
cabbage n A2a • esp S Midl, NEng
cabinet pudding n • NEng
cahot n • esp nNEng
calculate v • formerly chiefly NEng, now more widespread
calibogus n • NEng
*calm n, adj, v (pronc) • esp in Sth, Midl, infreq in NEng,
cannikin n 1 • seNEng
cant dog n • chiefly NEng
Cape Cod turkey n • NEng
capful of wind n • NEng
captain’s walk n • NEng
carry v B1 • formerly freq in NEng; now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cat-and-dog fight n • NEng
catch v B3 • NEng
catering adj, adv • chiefly NEng
catouse n • NEng
cat’s foot intj • scattered but esp NEng
cat spruce n • Nth, esp NEng
caulk v B • now chiefly NEng
cellar n1 (pronc) • Nth, esp NEng
cellar case n • NEng
certain adv B1 • esp NEng, also C and S Atl
certain adv B3 • chiefly Mid and S Atl, NEng, Ohio Valley
chair n (pronc) • Sth and S Midl, scattered in PA, NEng
chair n (pronc) • SC, sNEng, Upstate NY
chamber n B1 • chiefly NEng
chamber n B2 • chiefly NEng
chamber mug n • chiefly NEng
chance n (pronc) • esp NEng and VA
chankings vbl n pl • chiefly NEng
checkered adder n • chiefly NEng
chew v (pronc) • esp in NEng
chicken lobster n • NEng
child n A2 (pronc) • chiefly nNEng, Sth, S Midl
chimney n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl, occas NEng
chimney shelf n • esp NEng
china n (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
chirk adj • chiefly NEng
chist n • scattered, but esp NEng, Midl
chit n2 • esp NEng
chockablock adj, adv • esp NEng
chocolate root n • chiefly NEng
choggie n • NEng
chogset n • NEng
choice adj • chiefly NEng
chook intj • chiefly eNEng, Sth
choose v B • chiefly NEng, Sth
chorus jig n • NEng
chowder intj • NEng
chowder n 1 • orig and chiefly NEng, now also Nth, CA, C Atl (MAP)
chowderhead n • chiefly NEng
Christian door n • chiefly NEng
Christly adv, adj • NEng
Christmas tree n 3 • chiefly Sth, nNEng, also S Midl (MAP)
chucklehead n 1 • chiefly NEng
cider n • esp NEng
cider applesauce n • NEng
cider brandy n • NEng
clam n 2 • chiefly NEng
clamshell n • NEng
clap in, clap out n • esp Sth, S Midl, NEng
cleanser n • eNEng, esp Boston MA area
clear adj B2 • NEng
clever adj 3 • formerly NEng, now chiefly Sth, S Midl
clever adj 4 • chiefly NEng
clever adj 5 • NEng
cleverly adj • NEng
cleverly adv 3 • NEng
climb v 2b • chiefly Atl States, esp nNY, wNEng (MAP)
close adj, adv (pronc) • esp in NEng
cloy v (pronc) • esp NEng
coach-dog bean n • NEng
coaf v • esp sNEng
coaster n1 2 • NEng
cockle button n • chiefly NEng
co-dack v phr • chiefly NEng
collateral n • NEng
college n B3 • NEng
college ice n • NEng
come-by-chance n • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
come up with v phr • esp NEng
common adj 2 • chiefly S Midl, occas NEng
common n 1 • chiefly NEng
common n 2 • chiefly NEng
common cracker n • NEng
common pin n • chiefly NEng
Concord buggy n • chiefly NEng
conduct v • chiefly NEng
coney n1 2 • chiefly nNEng
Congo n2 • chiefly NEng
conquedle n • NEng, esp RI
contra dance n • chiefly NEng
coon cat n 1 • NEng, esp ME
Copenhagen n • prob NEng
corn barn n • esp NEng, S Atl
corner n1 B3 • chiefly NEng
cornhouse n • chiefly NEng, Mid Atl (MAP)
*corn pone n 1 • orig chiefly Sth, Midl, now widespread exc NEng
cosset n • chiefly NEng
cosset v • esp NEng
country n B2c • esp NEng
cousin v • NEng
cover n B2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng (MAP and Map Section)
cover n, v (pronc) • Sth, Midl, occas NEng
cow n (pronc) • esp in NEng, Midl
cowberry n 1 • NEng
cow lily n 1 • chiefly NEng
cowslop n • NEng
cow yard n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEng
cracker pudding n 1 • NEng
cradle knoll n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
craunch v 2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
creature n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl, and NEng
*creek n1 B2 • widespread exc in NEng (MAP)
cropper n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
cruelize v • esp NEng
cruiser n 3 • chiefly NEng, N Cent, Mid Atl (MAP)
culch n 2 • chiefly eNEng, esp ME
cunner n1 • NEng
curious adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
cut one’s comb v phr • chiefly Sth, NEng
*cutter n1 1 • chiefly Nth, exc eNEng (MAP)
cymbal n • NEng
dace n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
daddock n • chiefly NEng
daisy ham n • chiefly NEng
dance n, v (pronc) • chiefly eNEng, eVA
daow adv • chiefly NEng
deacon v 1 • chiefly NEng
deacon v 2 • chiefly NEng
deaf adj B1c • chiefly NEng, esp ME, MA
devil and Tom Walker, the n • chiefly NEng, S Midl
devil’s fiddle n 1 • chiefly NEng
dew n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
dickey up v phr • sNEng
dido n 1 • widespread, but esp NEng, Sth, S Midl
ding-toed adj, adv • NEng
dirt cellar n • chiefly NEng, NY
dish kettle n • chiefly NEng, NY
dish wiper n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
dite n • NEng
dive v 1 • Sth, S Midl, nNEng
doctor v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
dog n1 (pronc) • chiefly NEng, S Midl
doing n 2 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
doing n 3 • NEng
doorstone n • chiefly NEng
dooryard n • chiefly NEng, NY
dooryard call n • NEng
dorbug n • chiefly NEng
dote v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
do tell exclam • formerly NEng, now more widespread
double-ripper n • chiefly swNEng
double-runner n • chiefly eNEng (MAP)
double shuffle n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, orig also NEng
double sled n • chiefly NEng
doughboy n1 3 • chiefly NEng
dough dish n • chiefly NEng
dough god n 2 • Nth, esp NEng
down adv B1 • esp NEng
down East adv phr 2 • chiefly NEng
down East n b • chiefly NEng
down Easter n 1b • chiefly NEng
downstreet adv • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
doze v1 • chiefly NEng
drag n 2 • formerly chiefly eNEng, now widespread
drail n • NEng
drail v • NEng
drain v, n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
draw v C1 • chiefly Upstate NY, wNEng (MAP)
drawbar n 1 • formerly NEng, now chiefly S Midl
dreadful adj, adv • chiefly NEng
dreadful adv B • chiefly NEng
dredger n 2 • NEng
dressing n 5 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng (MAP)
driftway n • NEng, now esp RI
drisk n • NEng
drive n 5 • Nth, esp NEng
drive n 6 • Nth, esp NEng, Gt Lakes
driver n 4 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
drop cake n 1 • chiefly NEng
dropped egg n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
dry bridge n • esp NEng, VA
dubious adj A3 • chiefly S Midl, also NEng, Sth
duff n 1 • chiefly coastal NEng
duff v • chiefly NEng
dumbfish n • NEng
dun v • NEng
dunfish n • NEng
eaceworm n • chiefly sNEng, esp RI
ebenezer n 1 • NEng
edge n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl, eNEng
edge of dark n • chiefly NEng, Mid Atl
eelgrass n 1 • chiefly NEng
eelpout n 2 • chiefly NEng, Gt Lakes
eelspear n • chiefly NEng
eenamost adv • chiefly NEng
effet n • NEng
eighteen-hundred-and-froze-to-death n • NEng, esp ME
either adj, adv, pron, conj (pronc) • esp NEng
election cake n • NEng, esp MA
election pink n • NEng
election sermon n • chiefly NEng
empt v • chiefly NEng
emptins n pl • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY
English bean n • NEng
enough sight adv phr • NEng
entire wheat bread n • NEng
essence peddler n • Nth, esp NEng
ever adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
everlasting adj, adv • chiefly NEng, S Midl
ewe n (pronc) • chiefly NEng, NY (MAP)
ex n1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng, NY (MAP)
express wagon n • chiefly NEng, N Cent, West (MAP)
eyelids, hang by one’s v • NE, esp NEng
eyeteeth, cut one’s v phr • esp NEng
faculized adj • chiefly NEng
faculty n • chiefly NEng
fail up v phr 1 • NEng
*faller n • chiefly Pacific NW; less freq Upper MW, NEng
fare n • NEng, esp MA
Fast Day n • chiefly NEng
father n (pronc) • esp eNEng, Mid Atl
fay v • chiefly NEng
fearnought n • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
feather white adj phr • chiefly NEng
fence n, v (pronc) • esp eNEng, Sth
fence viewer n • chiefly NEng
fiddlehead n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEng, esp ME
field driver n • NEng
fierce adj B1 • NEng
fierce adj (pronc) • esp NEng
filled cookie n • chiefly NEng
finest kind n, adj phr, adv phr, exclam • chiefly NEng, esp ME
finnan haddie n • NEng
fir balsam n • chiefly NEng
fire and tow n • chiefly NEng, S Midl, Sth
fire hangbird n • esp NEng
fish ball n 1 • NEng
fish warden n • NEng
five-fingers n 4 • NEng
*five hundred n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, but less freq eNEng, NW (MAP)
flake n1 1 • NEng
flake yard n • NEng
flatfish n 2 • Atl coast, esp NEng
flatform n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
flax v 2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
flinders n pl • chiefly NEng, S Midl, Sth
flipper n1 1 • esp NEng
flow v • chiefly NEng
flower-de-luce n • esp NEng
flue pan n • NEng
fluking ppl adj • NEng
flummadiddle n 1 • NEng
flummery n 1 • chiefly NEng
fodder corn n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
fog mull n • NEng, esp ME
fool plover n • NEng
footy n • NEng
forefather’s cup n • esp NEng
Forefathers’ Day n • chiefly NEng, esp MA
forehanded adj • chiefly NEng
forehead n (pronc) • esp NEng, NYC, Sth, S Midl
forelay v • NEng
foreroom n • chiefly NEng
forthputting ppl adj • NEng
forthputting vbl n • NEng
fortino adv phr • chiefly NEng
four adj, n (pronc) • wNEng, Inland Nth, S Midl
four adj, n (pronc) • eNEng
foxglove n 3 • esp nNEng
freshwater clam n • chiefly NEng
freshwater lobster n • esp NEng
fried pie n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
frock n • chiefly Upstate NY, nNEng (MAP)
frog v 1a • NEng
frost heave n • chiefly NEng
frowy adj1 • chiefly NEng
frowzly adj • esp NEng
fry kettle n • NEng
full chisel adv phr • esp NEng
full up v phr1 • esp NEng
funny bone n 1 • widespread, but less common eNEng, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
furrow out v phr • esp NEng
fush n • NEng
fush out v phr • NEng
fuss n B1 • esp NEng
*fuss-pot n 1 • chiefly NEast exc nNEng (MAP)
fyke n • orig chiefly NY, NEng; now chiefly C Atl coast
gaff n, v • chiefly NEng
gaffle v 1 • chiefly NEng
gaffle v 2 • appar NEng
gam n1 • chiefly NEng
gam v • chiefly NEng
gambrel roof n • chiefly Upstate NY, NEng (MAP)
gander n1 • NEng
gap-and-swallow n • esp NEng
gape v, n (pronc) • NEng
garden n (pronc) • esp NEng
gaum n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, but also NEng
gaum n2 • nNEng
gaum v2 • chiefly NEng
gauming adj • chiefly nNEng
gaumy adj2 • chiefly nNEng, esp ME
gawky n • esp NEng
general n C • NEng
gibraltar n • chiefly NEng
gimp n • chiefly NEng
ginger water n • chiefly NEng
girt n • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
glade n 2 • NEng
glade n 3 • esp NEng
glass n (pronc) • esp eNEng
goad n (pronc) • esp nNEng
go by v phr 2 • NEng
Godfrey n, intj • scattered, but chiefly NEng
golden trout n 2 • nNEng
gooney n 1 • scattered, but esp NEng
goose poke n • esp NEng
gore n1 • chiefly NEng
gorry n, intj • chiefly NEng
gosh all hemlock intj • esp NEng
gown n • esp NEng, Sth
grain room n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
grandpa n A6 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEng, Upstate NY MAP
grandsire n • chiefly NEng, S Midl
granther n • chiefly NEng
greasy luck exclam • chiefly sNEng coast
great adj, adv, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
great beam n • esp NEng
*green bean n • widespread, but less freq NEng, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
green corn n 2 • scattered, but esp eNEng, Gt Lakes, sCA (MAP)
green snake n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
grinder n 3 • chiefly NEng (MAP and Map Section)
grind one’s own bait v phr • eNEng
grindstone n (pronc) • esp NEng
groundnut n B1 • esp NEng
ground swamp robin n • esp NEng
grouty adj • esp NEng
grunt n 4 • chiefly NEng
*gully washer n • widespread exc NEng, less freq Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)
gutter n1 2 • esp NEng, S Atl
hackmatack n 1a • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
hagdon n • NEng
haired up adj phr • NEng
half n, v, adj, adv (pronc) • NEng
handsled n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
hangbird n • esp NEng
Hannah Cook n • chiefly NEng
hardhack n 1 • chiefly NEng
hardhead n 2a • NEast, esp NEng
hard pushed adj phr • esp NEng
harness cask n • chiefly NEng
harry wicket n • NEng
hash adj • esp NEng
hassock n • esp NEng
hasty pudding n 1 • chiefly NEng
haycap n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
hearth brush n • esp NEng
heater piece n • chiefly NEng
hedge grass n • esp NEng
hedgehog n 1 • chiefly NY, NEng
hen clam n 1 • chiefly NEng, esp ME
hen pen n • esp NEng
henroost n • chiefly NEng
hen wire n • NEng
herb n, v A2 (pronc) • now chiefly Sth, S Midl, formerly also NEng
herd’s-grass n 1 • chiefly NEng
hermit n 4 • esp NEng
hern pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
herringbone fence n • esp NEng
herring choker n 1 • NEng
hessian n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
*hickey n2 a • scattered, but less freq NEng, S Atl
high beam n 1 • chiefly NEng
highland plover n • NEng
hinder v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
hire v B1 • esp NEng
hisn pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
hod n 1 • widespread, but esp freq NEng (MAP)
hogreeve n • chiefly NEng
hold n A1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
hollow n1, adj (pronc) • chiefly NEng
home n, exclam, v, adv • (pronc) esp NEng
honeysuckle n 1 • esp NEng
honeysuckle apple n • esp NEng
hooker n2 • esp NEng
hook Jack v phr • NEng, esp MA
horn-ail n • esp NEng
horned pout n 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
horseback n • NEng
horse mackerel n 2 • NEng
horseshoe violet n • NEng, esp MA
hot adj 1 • esp NEng
*hot cake n 2 • widespread, but less freq NEng (MAP)
hot top n • eNEng, TX
house n, v (pronc) • chiefly Atlantic, esp NEng, Mid and S Atl
hovel n 1a • esp NEng, sAppalachians
hovel n 1b • chiefly NEng, esp nNH, ME
how be you exclam • chiefly NEng
*huckster n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, C Atl, NEast exc nNEng (MAP)
hulled corn n • NEng
humbird n • esp NEng
humility n • chiefly NEng
hurrup v • esp NEng
husking vbl n 2a • esp NEng, N Cent (MAP)
hyla n • esp NEng
hyper v • chiefly NEng
ice-out n • chiefly NEng
idea n 1 (pronc) • scattered, but esp NEng, NY
idea n 2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
impetigo n (pronc) • chiefly NEng
Indian n B1a • chiefly NEng
Indiana n 1 (pronc) • NEng, S Midl
Indian bannock n • chiefly eNEng, esp ME, NH
Indian bread n 1 • esp NEng, NY
Indian meal n • esp NEng
Indian pudding n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
Indian shutter n • NEng
innocence n 1 • chiefly NEng
intervale n • chiefly NEng
iron bar n • chiefly NEng
*ivory n1 1a • scattered, but less freq Sth, nNEng (MAP)
ivory plum n • chiefly NEng
ivy n 4 • chiefly Appalachians, sNEng
*jerkwater adj 1 • scattered exc NEng; infreq Sth, Inland Sth (MAP)
jick n • sNEng
jigger n1 1 • coastal NEng
jigger n1 2 • esp NEng
John’s-wort n • NEng
jolly boy n • NEng
jumper n 7c • wNEng, nNY, MI
June pink n • esp NEng
junk n 1 • chiefly NEng, esp ME
junket n • NEng
kedge v, n • NEng
kedgeree n • chiefly NEng
keel up v phr • esp coastal NEng
keeping room n • chiefly NEng
kennebunker n • NEng, esp ME
kid n1 • chiefly NEng
killick n • chiefly NEng
kinky adj • esp nNEng
kit n 2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
kitchen chamber n • NEast, esp NEng
kittering adv, adj • scattered, but esp NY, NEng
kitty-corner adv, adj 2 • esp NEng
kivver n • chiefly NEng
know v D1 • NEng
knurl n • scattered, but esp NEng
ladies’ delight n • NEng
lady’s eardrop n 2 • NEng
lambkill n • scattered, but esp NEng
lamper eel n 1 • chiefly NEng, Gt Lakes
landlocked salmon n 1 • NEast, esp NEng
landside plow n • esp NEng, TN, KY
last of pea-time(s) n • esp Sth, S Midl, NEng
last run of shad n • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
laugh n, v (pronc) • esp NEng
leaf peeper n • NEng, esp VT
lean v B3 • NEng
lean-to n (pronc) • chiefly NEng
leather apron n • NEng, Upstate NY
lee set n • NEng
*let on v phr • widespread exc NEng (MAP)
levee n2 • chiefly NEng
licorice n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, nNEng (MAP)
lief adv (pronc) • esp NEng
like v1 C1 • NEng, Sth, S Midl
likely adj 2 • NEng
limb v 1 • chiefly NEng, West
*line n1 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng (MAP)
line storm n • chiefly NEng
linnet n 2 • NEng, esp MA
loafer rake n • NEng
loam n (pronc) • esp nNEng
lobscouse n 1 • chiefly NEng
lobster n (pronc) • esp NEng
London pride n 1 • NEng
lord and lady n 1 • chiefly NEng
lot v1 • chiefly NEng
lower v1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
lubber n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
lull v • chiefly Mid and S Atl, nNEng
lumper n • esp NEng
mackerel gull n 2 • chiefly NEng
Mackinaw n 3 • esp NEng
Mainiac n • esp NEng
malahack v • scattered, but esp NEng
malassada n • HI, seNEng
manavelins n pl 1 • esp eNEng
manteltree n • esp NEng
marbleheader n • NEng
March meeting n • NEng
March peeper n • NEng
Marlborough pie n • esp NEng
marlinspike n 1 • chiefly NEng
marsh quail n • NEng
Mary n (pronc) • esp Sth, NEng
master n (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth
master hand n • chiefly NEng, S Midl
mast pine n • nNEng
matter n1, v (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth
matterate v • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
May breakfast n • NEng
May whitewing n • esp NEng
meadow n (pronc) • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks, occas NEng
meadow n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
meal v • esp NEng
mealer n • esp NEng
*measuring worm n • widespread exc NEng, West (MAP)
meatbird n 1 • chiefly NEng
meat pie n • NEng
meech v 1 • chiefly NEng
meeching ppl adj • chiefly NEng
meeting seed n • chiefly NEng
mending hand, on the adj phr • esp NEng
mesh n1, v (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
mess n 1b • esp NEng
midget n 1 • NEast, esp NEng
mile n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng mild
milk room n • scattered, but chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
minister’s face n 1 • esp NEng, S Atl
molasses n (pronc) • esp NEng, Sth
money cat n • chiefly NEng, esp ME (MAP)
money musk n • chiefly NEng
money shower n • esp NEng
mooncurser n • NEng
moonglade n • esp NEng
mooseberry n • Nth, esp NEng
moose maple n • chiefly NEng
moosewood n 3 • scattered, but esp NEng
moral law n • nNEng
mortal adv • esp sAppalachians, NEng
mow away v phr • chiefly NEng, NY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
mowing n attrib • chiefly NEng (MAP)
mud time n • NEng
mulberry n • NEng
mum n1 • chiefly NEng, wPA (MAP)
mummichog n • sNEng, Long Island
mump v • NEng
musicianer n • chiefly S Midl, formerly also NEng
musquash n • chiefly C and N Atl, esp NEng
mux n1 • esp NEng
nailsick adj • NEng
naked bed, (sick) in one’s adj phr • NEng
*nanny n1 • scattered exc nNEng, Upper MW, Cent (MAP)
Nantucket sleighride n • chiefly NEng
nappy n1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
narrow adj, v, n B1 • chiefly NEng
national adj (pronc) • NEng, NY
neap n1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
necessary n • scattered, but chiefly NEng, Mid and C Atl
netop n • NEng, nNY
new-milch adj • chiefly NEng (MAP)
nicely adj • chiefly NEng
nigh adj C3 • esp NEng
nimshi n • chiefly NEng
nipper n 2 • NEng
nocake n • NEng
noon mark n • esp NEng
northwest adv, adj, n (pronc) • NEng
notional adj 2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
numb adj • chiefly NEng
number plate n • NEng
nutcake n • chiefly NEng
offish adj 1 • chiefly S Midl, NEng
off-islander n • NEng, esp Nantucket MA
off soundings adv phr • chiefly NEng
oil n1, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
oil nut n 1 • chiefly NEng
old-field birch n • chiefly NEng
Old Home Day n • esp NEng, NY
Old Scratch n • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng (MAP)
on prep, adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl, eNEng
on prep B1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
ort n • chiefly NEng
ourn pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
out adv, v, adj, prep, n, exclam (pronc) • chiefly nNEng, nNY, Mid Atl, esp eVA
out adv, v, adj, prep, n, exclam (pronc) • chiefly Upstate NY, wNEng
*out n F2b • scattered, but less freq NEng, Sth (MAP)
outlandish adj • esp NEng
overseer n 1 • chiefly NEng
own adj 1 • chiefly NEng, S Midl
ownty do(w)nty n, adj phr • esp NEng
packie n • NEng
paddock n • esp NEng
painted trillium n • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
palm n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng |pæm|
pandowdy n • chiefly NEng
papa n2 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, esp NEng |ˈpʌpə|
partridge n A1 (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
partridge n A2 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, Midl, now esp NEng, NY (MAP)
*passion mark n • scattered, but less freq NEng, Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
pasture n1, v (pronc) • esp NEng |ˈpɑsčə, pɑstə|
peabody bird n • esp NEng
peaked adj (pronc) • esp nNEng |ˈpɪkd|
pent road n • NEng, esp VT
peony n1 2 (pronc) • chiefly Cent, Mid Atl, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
pick v 4 • chiefly NEng
picked adj1 • esp nNEng
picked-up adj phr • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
piece bag n • Nth, esp NEng
pigeon plum n 2 • NEng
pigeon woodpecker n 1 • chiefly NEng
piggin n 1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
pig potato n 3 • esp NEng
pig walnut n • chiefly sNEng
pimping adj • scattered, but esp NEng
pindling adj • chiefly NEng, S Midl
pineapple clip n • esp NEng
pinkie n1 • NEng
pippin n • esp NEng
*piss-a-bed n 1 • chiefly C and N Atl exc NEng (MAP)
piss-a-bed n 3 • chiefly sNEng, esp MA (MAP)
piss oak n • chiefly NEng, NY (MAP)
pitch n2 1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY, Delmarva, Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
pitchhole n 2 • NEng, neNY (MAP)
pitchpole v • chiefly NEng
plantation n B1 • NEng, esp ME
plug v 1 • esp NEng
plum n • NEng
pod n 3 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
pod n 4 • esp NEng
pod auger n • NEng
pogy n 1 • chiefly nNEng, S Atl, Gulf States
pogy n 2 • esp NY, sNEng
point n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, formerly also NEng |paɪnt|
poison adv D2 • chiefly NEng
poke n1 2 • NEng
pokelogan n • NEng, Gt Lakes, NW
pokerish adj • esp NEng
poop v, n • widespread, but more freq NEng, NY, Gt Lakes, S Atl, West (MAP)
*poor adj A1 (pronc) • esp Nth (exc neNEng), N Midl, Gulf States
poor adj A2 (pronc) • chiefly neNEng, Sth, S Midl
porch n 1 • chiefly NEng
porgy n1 4 • chiefly NEng
pork-and-beans n • NEng
pork apple pie n • chiefly NEng
porridge ice n • NEast, esp NEng
portemonnaie n • chiefly NEng
Portoreek adj • esp NEng
Portuguese n, adj • esp sNEng, CA, HI Portagee, Porte(r)gee, Portug(u)ee, Portyg(h)ee (MAP)
post-and-rail fence n • chiefly NJ, Delmarva, WV, KY, OH, scattered NEng (MAP)
posy n 1 • Nth, esp NEng
potato thump n • chiefly NEng
Potsfield pickle(s) n • esp NEng
pounding barrel n • esp NEng
pout n • esp NEng
poverty grass n 2a • NEng
powder post n • chiefly NEng
*prissy adj 1 • widespread exc NEng (MAP)
puckerbrush n • Nth, esp nNEng
pudding bag n • NEng
puddlestone n • esp NEng
pudjicky adj • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
puff n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
pug n • chiefly NEng, wGt Lakes, CA (MAP)
pull foot v phr • chiefly NEng
pumpkinseed n 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
pung n • chiefly NEng, NY (MAP)
punging vbl n • NEng, NY
quahog v • NEng, esp MA
quail n 1 • formerly chiefly NEng; now widespread east of Rocky Mts
qualmish adj • esp NEng, Sth
quandy n 1 • NEng
quiddle v1 1 • chiefly NEng
quinine n (pronc) • esp eNEng, Sth |ˈkwɪnaɪn, kwɪnˈaɪn|
quintal n • coastal NEng
quoit n A3 (pronc) • esp NEng
ragshag n • esp NEng
raising n 2 • NEast, esp NEng
rareripe n 2 • chiefly sNEng (MAP)
*rattler n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, Delmarva (MAP)
rauncher n • esp NEng
rawny adj • NEng, esp ME, NH
real adj, adv (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl |re(ə)l|
Rebellion n • Nth, N Midl, esp NEng
red flannel hash n • chiefly NEng
red osier n • scattered, but esp NEng
rent n1 • NEng, esp ME
Rhode Island johnnycake n • esp NEng
ride out v phr 1 • chiefly NEng
rinktum tiddy n • esp NEng
*rinse v, n 4 (pronc) • widespread exc NEng (MAP)
rip n1 2 • chiefly NEng, esp ME
road n1 (pronc) • esp NEng |rʌd, rd|
roader n 1 • NEng
robin-runaway n 1 • chiefly NEng
rock maple n 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
rock plover n 1 • NEng
rode n • chiefly NEng
rollway n 2 • chiefly NEng, esp ME
roof n, v (pronc) • esp NEng, Upper MW |r^Uf|
room n (pronc) • scattered, but esp NEng, Mid and S Atl, Gulf States |r^Um|
room n B1 • chiefly NEng, S Midl
root n1, v (pronc) • esp NEng, Upstate NY, Upper MW |r^Ut|
rotary n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
rote n • coastal NEng
rowen n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
rugged adj • chiefly NEng
rule n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
runlet n • chiefly NEng
rut n • coastal NEng
rye and Indian (bread) n • NEng
Sabbath-day n • chiefly NEng
sable n • chiefly NEng
*sack n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, sPA (MAP)
saddle board n • scattered, but esp NEng, Gulf States (MAP)
saltbox n • orig NEng, now more widely known
salt horse n • esp NEng
salt pork n • scattered, but somewhat more freq NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
saltwater farm n • NEng, esp ME
Samson n1 • Nth, esp NEng
sand bird n 1 • now esp NEng
sand peep n • esp NEng
sand violet n • esp NEng, WI
sannup n • nNEng
sap beer n • NEng, esp VT
sap house n • chiefly NEng
sapling pine n • chiefly nNEng
*sass-box n • widespread exc NEng (MAP)
sauce n B1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
saw-whet owl n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng, NY (MAP)
scabish n 1 • esp NEng
scaffold n B1 • chiefly NEng
scale v1 • NEng
scale v2 2 • chiefly NEng, NY (MAP)
scarf n2 a • chiefly NEng
scarlet runner n 1 • chiefly NEng
scooch v 1 • scattered, but somewhat more freq NEng
scoop n 3 • NEng
scoot n1 1 • chiefly NEng
scow n1 1 • NEng
scrid n • chiefly NEng
scrimy adj • sNEng
scrog v • NEng
sculch n • NEng
sculpin n 3 • NEng
scup n 1 • chiefly seNEng
scuppaug n • chiefly seNEng
scuttle n • NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sea clam n a • chiefly NEng
sea perch n a • esp NEng
sea turn n • NEng
sea worm n • NEng, esp MA
*second cutting n • widespread, but less freq nNEng (MAP and Map Section)
sedge n • Pronc-sp chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng sage
seed-folks n pl • NEng, esp ME
selectman n • chiefly NEng
*serenade n • chiefly Appalachians, Atlantic exc sNEng (MAP)
set v1 A2b • esp NEng
set v1 B1 • esp NEng
set v1 B2 • esp NEng
shack n5 • NEng
shad spirit n • chiefly NEng
shaft n 1 (pronc) • NEng |šaf, šav, šɑf, šɑv|
shaft n 2 (pronc) • chiefly NEng |šavz, šɑvz|
shagbark hickory n • chiefly NEngl shagbark walnut (MAP)
shagbark hickory n • chiefly NEng, N Cent, sAppalachians (MAP)
shed chamber n • NEng
shell bean n • scattered, but esp NEng (MAP)
shire town n • chiefly NEng
shock v1 • chiefly NEng
shool v • chiefly Atl, esp NEng
*shooter n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
shore dinner n 1 • esp NEng
short sauce n • esp NEng
shotten herring n • esp NEng
shrub n2 • scattered, but esp freq NEng
shuck v2 • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
shut v A • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng shed, shet
sight n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
sill cock n • chiefly NEng, N Cent (MAP)
sinkroom n • NEng
sink spout n • NEng
sixty-three n • esp nNEng
skinch v • esp NEng
skunk coot n • NEng
skunk currant n • esp NEng
slack adj 1 • chiefly NEng
slack-salt v • esp NEng
slash fence n • esp nNEng
slat v 1 • chiefly NEng
slat v 4 • chiefly NEng
sled length adj phr • chiefly NEng
sleep over v phr • scattered, but esp NEng (MAP)
slim adj • NEng
slimpsy adj 1 • chiefly NEng
slip n4 2 • chiefly NEng
slip-go-down n • Nth, esp NEng
sliver n, v B1 • coastal NEng
sliver n, v B2 • NEng
sluice v • Nth, esp NEng
slumgullion n 1 • NEng
slump n 1 • chiefly NEng
smart adj 1 • esp NEng (MAP)
smoky southwester n • chiefly NEng
smooch n, v1 • NEast, esp NEng
smoothing harrow n • scattered, but more freq Nth, esp wNEng (MAP)
smother n 1 • chiefly NEng
smur v • chiefly eNEng
smurry adj • chiefly eNEng
snack n 1 • chiefly Sth, NEng
snap v 3 • esp Mid and S Atl, nNEng (MAP)
snapdragon n 3 • esp NEng
snipe-bill n • chiefly NEng
snowball shoe n • esp NEng
snow roller n • formerly chiefly NEng, now more widespread
snowshoe flounder n • esp Long Is. NY, NEng
snug adj 2 • NEng
snum v • esp NEng
snummy v • esp NEng
so-fashion adv phr • esp NEng
soft maple n • chiefly wNEng, Upstate NY, nPA, N Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
soft pie n • esp NEng
soldier bean n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
-some suff • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
so 's 't conj • chiefly NEng
sozzle v • chiefly NEng
spalt adj • NEng
spandy adv • chiefly NEng
spend v B1 • NEng
spider bread n • chiefly NEng
spindle n B2 • esp NEng
spindle buoy n • esp NEng
spleeny adj • chiefly NEng
split n 3 • NEng
spoil v A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl; formerly also NEng
spoil v A3 (pronc) • esp NEng, Sth, S Midl
sport n • NEng, esp ME
sposh n • chiefly NEng
spot dance n • esp NEng
sprawl n1 • NEng
spring bird n 1 • NEng
sproutland n • chiefly NEng, esp CT, MA
spruce gum n • chiefly NEng
spudge v • chiefly NEng
spudger n • chiefly NEng
squail v • esp NEng
square nut n • esp NEng
squeteague n • chiefly NEng
stack chimney n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl, but also NEng
staddle n • chiefly NEng
stake driver n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
steamer clam n 1 • chiefly NEng
steeplebush n • esp NEng (MAP)
step out v phr • chiefly NEng
stern n (pronc) • chiefly NEng
stick n 2 • esp NEng (MAP)
sticking n • chiefly nNEng
stick-knife n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
stinking benjamin n • chiefly NEng
stived ppl adj • NEng, seNY
stiver v (pronc) • NEng, esp MA, ME
stock n C4 • chiefly S Midl, nNEng (MAP)
stodge v • esp NEng
stone n (pronc) • esp NEng |st^-on, stʌn, stoən|
stone n Ba • widespread, but somewhat more freq NEng (MAP)
stone n Bb • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, esp NEng (MAP)
stone drag n • chiefly NEast, esp eNEng (MAP)
stook n 1 • chiefly NEng, nNY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
Stovepipe City n • chiefly nNEng, NY
straight, right out adv phr, adj phr • NEng, NY
stram v • chiefly NEng
streaked adj • chiefly NEng
striped snake n 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
stub scythe n • NEng, esp MA
stump v 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
sugar bush n 1 • chiefly wNEng, Upstate NY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
sugar house n 1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY
sugar lot n • scattered, but chiefly NEng, esp VT
sugar on snow n • chiefly NEng
sugar orchard n • chiefly nNEng, sAppalachians (MAP)
sugar pear n • esp NEng
sugar place n • chiefly nNEng, esp VT
summer people n pl • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
sun-squall n • NEng
sun turtle n • chiefly NEng
sure enough adv phr 2 • chiefly Sth, NEng
surveyor n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
suz intj • scattered, but esp NEng
swale grass n • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
swamp Yankee n • sNEng
swanny v • chiefly Sth, S Midl; formerly also NEng (MAP)
sweet fern n 1 • chiefly NEng
sweet walnut n • NEng, NY
switchel n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
swow v • chiefly NEng
syrup on snow n • esp NEng
*tablet n • widespread, but less freq NEng, NYC, nNJ
tad n2 • esp eNEng
tag sale n • chiefly Nth, esp sNEng, NYC
tandem adv, n (pronc) • esp NEng |ˈtænt%Um, ˈtæntrəm, -trɪm|
*tap n1 1 • widespread, but less freq nNEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tap v1 • NEng, NY
tap n2 1 • esp NEng, NY
*tar n1 B1 • widespread, but infreq NEng, West (MAP)
tarnal adj • chiefly NEng; less freq S Midl
Taunton turkey n • NEng
tautog n • chiefly NEng
*tea towel n • widespread, but less freq NEng, Sth (MAP)
team n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
team n 2 • chiefly NEng
team n 3 • chiefly NEng
*teensy adj • formerly Sth, S Midl, now widespread, but less freq NEng
tempest n • chiefly seNEng (MAP)
tendful adj • esp NEng
tend out v phr • chiefly NEng
tenement n • chiefly NEng
terrible adj, adv (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl, NEng |ˈtɝəb(ə)l, ˈtɝb(ə)l|
tetchy adj (pronc) • esp nNEng |ˈtɪčɪ|
theirn pron • esp NEng, Sth, S Midl
theirselves pron • chiefly nNEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
them pron B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
them adj C1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
there adv, adj, pron A4 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
thirded bread n • NEng
three-decker n • NEng, esp c,eMA
throughway n • chiefly wNEng, NY (MAP)
throw up v phr • NEng
thunder jug n • esp NEng (MAP)
tick-tack-too n 1 • esp NEng (MAP)
tide hole n • NEng
tie-up n • chiefly nNEng
tight adv 1 • scattered, but esp NEng
tilt n 3 • esp sNEng
time n C4 • chiefly NEng
timenation n, exclam • NEng
tinker mackerel n • chiefly NEng
tipcart n • NEng, esp MA
titman n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
*tit-tat-toe n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, Gt Lakes (MAP)
to prep B2 • esp NEng
*to prep B13 • widespread, but somewhat less freq NEng, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
toad n 6 • esp NEng
toboggan n 3 • NEng
toilet n 3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, NEng
tolerable adj, adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
toll v1 1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
toll bait n • esp NEng
*tongue n 1 • now widespread exc NEng (MAP and Map Section)
tonic n • chiefly nNEng (MAP and Map Section)
topping adj • NEng
to rights adv phr • chiefly NEng
torn out adj phr • esp NEng
tote sled n • chiefly NEng, Gt Lakes
tote team n • Nth, esp NEng, Gt Lakes
tote wagon n • esp NEng, Gt Lakes
tother pron, adj • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
tottle v • chiefly NEng
touse n • chiefly NEng, esp ME
town farm n • NEng
town meeting n • chiefly NEng
town meeting cake n • NEng, esp MA
town road n • NEng, Upstate NY, wGt Lakes (MAP)
trace v1 • NEng
trace n3 • chiefly NEng
train v • chiefly NEng
trapdoor n • esp NEng
traverse n • chiefly nNEng (MAP)
trig n • NEng, esp ME
trip n • NEng
truck to keelson, from prep phr • chiefly NEng
trunk peddler n • NEng
Tuesday n (pronc) • scattered, but esp NEng |ˈtɪuz̩de, -̩dɪ|
tumble v 2 • chiefly nNEng
tumble n • chiefly nNEng, wMA (MAP)
tunk n1 1 • chiefly NEng, NY
tunk v • chiefly NEng
tunket n1 1 • chiefly NEng
tunnel n • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
tuque n • Nth, esp Upstate NY, NEng
turkey-turd beer n • NEng
turn v B2 • esp NEng
twan't v • esp NEng, S Midl
twitch v • chiefly nNEng
twitch grass n 1 • Nth, esp NEng
two-eyed berry n • esp NEng
umbrella n A3 (pronc) • chiefly nNEng, esp ME |ˈæmbrɪl, æmbəˈrɪəl|
up adj C • chiefly NEng
up-country adv phr • esp NEng, Sth
upland plover n 1 • chiefly NEng
upsot v • scattered, but esp S Midl, NEng
upstreeter n • sNEng, NY
van v1 • chiefly NEng
velvet n 1 • NEng
vendue n • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
Virginia fence n • chiefly NEng, Sth
voyage n, v (pronc) • chiefly NEng |ˈvaɪ-|
vum v • chiefly NEng (MAP)
walk v 2 • NEng
*walk-up adj • chiefly NEast exc NEng, N Cent (MAP)
wallopse v • NEng
walnut n (pronc) • chiefly sNEng, Sth, S Midl |ˈwɔnət|
walnut n B2 • scattered, but chiefly NEng
wamble-cropped adj • chiefly NEng
wamp n1 • NEng
*want v1 C2 • widespread exc NEng (MAP)
warn v 1 • chiefly NEng
warn v 2 • NEng
warning n 1 • NEng
warrant n • NEng
water bar n • NEng
weewaw adj A1 • scattered, but esp NEng
well intj (pronc) • esp NEng, Sth, S Midl |wɑl|
whang n4 • NEng
wharfing n • NEng
whay exclam • esp nNEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
*wheat cake n • chiefly N Cent, NEast (exc NEng) (MAP)
whew v • chiefly NEng
white-breasted martin n • chiefly NEng
white-eye n 1 • esp NEng
white-tailed hornet n • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
whiteweed n 1 • chiefly NEng
white-winged coot n • chiefly NEng, esp MA
whitey n 2 • esp NEng
whole adj, n (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl |hʌl|
whole adj, n (pronc) • esp NEng |h^-ol|; infreq |hɔl|
whooping owl n • esp NEng, S Atl, Ozarks
whop over v phr • NEng
wicked adv • NEng, chiefly ME, MA
wicopy n • esp NEng
widow's walk n • orig NEng; now more widespread
wild bean n 2 • esp NEng
wild celandine n • esp NEng
wild hyacinth n 3 • NEng, AK
wild oats n 2b • chiefly NEng
wild oats n 3 • esp NEng
willywags n pl • chiefly nNEng, esp ME
wineglass elm n • esp NEng
wing v • NEng
witchgrass n 1 • chiefly NEng (MAP)
witch hobble n • esp NEng
witchwood n • NEng
withe rod n • esp NEng
without prep, adv, conj A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
withy adj 2 • esp NEng, S Midl
wizzle v • esp NEng (MAP and Map Section)
wob v • chiefly NEng
wonder n • chiefly NEng
woodcock n 2d • esp NEng
woods queer adj phr • NEng, esp ME
woodwall n • NEng, esp sNH
wopse v • chiefly NEng
wopse n • chiefly NEng
worrit v 2 • esp NEng
wudget n • esp NEng
yard n • chiefly NEng, Pacific NW
yard v • chiefly NEng, Pacific NW
yee-yawed adj • esp nNEng
yellow-bark(ed) oak n • chiefly NEng
yellowbill n 1 • esp NEng
yellow-eyed bean n • chiefly NEng (MAP)
yes adv 2 (pronc) • chiefly NEng
York State n • chiefly NEng, NY, and NEng settlement area
you pron1 A1 (pronc) • chiefly NEng
young-come-up n • NEng
youngster n • NEng, esp MA
younker n • chiefly NEng, esp ME
yourn pron • esp NEng, Sth, S Midl
yowwun n • NEng, esp ME
zounds intj • esp NEng
Newfoundland; Dictionary of Newfoundland English
be v B1g • [Cf DNE xx..]
capelin n • Cf DNE
chowder n • [..DNE 1745 ➝]
chum n1 • [..Newfoundland chum food cooked to a formless mass (DNE)]
civil adj 2 • [DNE 1887➝]
close aboard adj phr • [Cf DNE..]
dickey n2 2 • Cf DNE (at dicky)
finest kind n, adj phr, adv phr, exclam • [Cf DNE 1965➝]
fish n B1 • Cf DNE
fish pea n • Cf DNE
flatjack n • Cf DNE
fog n2 B3 • Cf DNE baker’s fog (at baker)
gad n1 3 • [DNE 1894➝]
gaff n, v A • [..see also EDD (at gaft), DNE]
gansey n • [..also in Newfoundland (DNE 1843➝)]
glinn n • [..cf DNE glim, also glin, glynn “Glow..seen over a distant ice-field”]
greenhouse n 1 • Cf DNE
groaner n • Cf DNE
hagdon n • [DNE 1670➝]
ice bird n • Cf DNE
ice candle n • Cf..DNE
jack mosquito n • [Cf Nfld, Engl dial jacky longlegs crane fly]
junky adj • Cf DNE, DJE, SND
killick n • Cf DNE (and suppl)
lant n • [..DNE 1620 ➝]
lead n 1 • [..DNE lead n2 2 “an animal trail”]
lose v A1 • Cf DNE (at lose v)
pod auger n b • Cf DNE
pod auger v • Cf DNE
porch n 1 • Cf..DNE
quintal n • Cf DNE
rode n • Cf..DNE
rote n • Cf..DNE
rut n • [DNE 1612 ➝..]
salt banking vbl n • Cf..DCan salt-banker, DNE salt trip
scalp n C • [Cf DNE sculp (also scalp)..]
scalp v B1 • [Cf DNE sculp (also scalp)..]
scrod n • Cf DNE
scrog n • [Engl dial. Cf DNE scrag ..]
scurryfunge v • [..DNE scurrifunge 1.“To clean thoroughly, scour” ]
squat v • Cf DNE
stouter n • [..Cf DNE strouter (also stouter)..]
streel n • [Ir dial; cf DNE, DPEIE]
thick of fog n • Cf..DNE
weather light n • [Cf DNE weather light ``gleam or flicker of light at sea thought to presage a storm''..]
whore's egg n • Cf DNE, DPEIE
withe rod n • Cf DNE
wrinkle n • Cf..DNE wrinkle1 n 1
yes-ma'am n • Cf DNE
barn chamber n • chiefly NEng, esp ME, NH
crawm n • sME, seNH
gee-buck v • csNH
hovel n 1b • chiefly NEng, esp nNH, ME
Indian bannock n • chiefly eNEng, esp ME, NH
killhag n • ME, NH
larbo n • NH
minge n • esp ME, NH
poky adj • chiefly NH, ME
rawny adj • NEng, esp ME, NH
sack v 2 • ME, NH
spoonhunt n • chiefly sNH, neMA
spoonwood n 1 • NEast, esp MA, NH
squat v • ME, NH
tiddle board n • neMA, seNH
tomcod n 1a • chiefly ME, MA, NH, NY
toro n 1b • esp VT, NH
water bush n 1 • eMA, sNH
webbing n • chiefly ME, NH
woodwall n • NEng, esp sNH
all anymore adj phr • PA, NJ
apple palsy n • NJ
asparagus n (pronc) • esp NYC, nNJ
baby coach n • chiefly ePA, sNJ, DE, MD (MAP)
bag v 1 • chiefly PA, esp Philadelphia area, and sNJ
barb n • NJ
barn burner n 1 • chiefly PA, sNJ, MD (MAP)
beggar’s needles n • esp NJ
belly-whopper n, v, adv 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NY, NJ (MAP)
blickey n1 • chiefly seNY, NYC, and NJ
block dance n • chiefly NY, NJ
bun n1 1 • esp MD, VA, NJ (MAP)
cat shit n • chiefly PA, NJ, NY (MAP)
catty n1 1 • chiefly MD, NJ, NY, PA (MAP)
cripple n1 • eNY, ePA, NJ
dobber n1 1 • chiefly NY, NJ
duck on davy n • chiefly NJ, PA, IN
eel basket n • nwNJ
file n2 • chiefly NY, NJ, PA
file v1 • chiefly NY, NJ, PA
fire n, v (pronc) • esp Delmarva, sNJ
float n 7 • NJ
food n (pronc) • wPA, sNY, nNJ
freeholder n • NJ
garlicky adj • chiefly DE, MD, NJ, VA (MAP and Map Section)
garvey n • chiefly C Atl coast, esp NJ
goosey night n • NJ
goshawk n • esp PA, NY, NJ (MAP)
greentail n 1 • esp NJ
hake n 4 • esp NJ
half-smoke n • chiefly sNJ
hoagie n • chiefly PA, NJ, but becoming more widely recognized (MAP and Map Section)
hot beans n • esp MD, NJ, PA
Jabib n • NJ, sePA
jack n1 13a • NJ
jagger wagon n • esp NJ and adjoining areas
Jersey devil n • NJ
Jewish pickle n • esp PA, NJ, NY (MAP)
jug handle n 1 • esp NJ
king turtle n • esp NJ
kip n • chiefly NJ, NY
kiskitomas n • chiefly NY, NJ
laggy adj • esp nNJ
lag line n • chiefly West, Missip Valley, sNJ (MAP)
lay low sheepie n • esp PA, NJ (MAP)
leader n 3 • chiefly NY, NJ (MAP)
Leeds devil n • NJ
letter n 3 • Dutch settlement areas, esp NJ, IA
limber lead n • NJ
Lucy Bowles n • scattered, but esp PA, NJ, seNY (MAP)
marrowfat (bean) n • chiefly nNJ, NY, PA (MAP)
marsh sparrow n 1 • chiefly NJ
mayflower n 2 • esp NY, NJ
May pink n 1 • esp NJ
me adj b • esp NJ, ePA
median (strip) n 1b • chiefly PA, sNJ; also HI (MAP)
mischief night n • esp NJ, sePA
mom-mom n • PA, NJ, DE, MD (MAP)
monkey n1 B3 • sePA, sNJ (MAP)
Moor n • chiefly cDE, sNJ
mossbunker n • esp NJ, NY
mow hole n • esp Appalachians, PA, NJ (MAP)
mud gutter n • NYC, NJ, PA
mud shad n 2 • NJ
mud swallow n • chiefly West; also PA, NY, NJ (MAP)
nauseous adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NYC, NJ, PA (MAP)
on prep B11 • chiefly NYC, nNJ
parkway n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, CT, NJ (MAP)
pencil point n • chiefly NJ
pine fly n • esp NJ
piney n1 1 • esp NJ
pinkster n 2 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, NJ
pop-pop n • chiefly PA, NJ, DE, MD (MAP)
post-and-rail fence n • chiefly NJ, Delmarva, WV, KY, OH, scattered NEng (MAP)
pot cheese n • chiefly NY, NJ, nPA, CT (MAP)
quoit n A1 (pronc) • formerly widespread, now esp NJ, PA, Upstate NY, wMA (MAP)
rainspout n • scattered, but esp PA, MD, NJ (MAP)
ratgut n • esp PA, NY, NJ (MAP)
real n • chiefly Nth, esp NY, NJ
red-legged turtle n • esp PA, NJ
rolliche n • NY, NJ
scion v C • esp sNJ
sea pigeon n b • esp NJ
seapoose n • esp seNY, neNJ
shellbark hickory n • esp NJ, PA, WV, N Cent (MAP)
shelving n • esp NJ, NY
shit, meaner than adj phr • chiefly NJ, PA, NY (MAP)
shoobie n • sNJ
skimmelton n • chiefly Hudson Valley, nNJ, nePA (MAP)
skin a flea for its hide (and tallow) v phr • Also esp NJ skin a louse
slank n • esp NJ
slick and a promise n • chiefly NJ (MAP)
sliding pond n • chiefly NYC, nNJ
sloppy joe n 2 • esp NJ
smee n • esp eNJ
smoothbark pine n • NJ
snapper soup n • chiefly NJ, ePA
speckle-back turtle n • esp NJ, DE
spindle n B1 • scattered, but esp NJ
splay v B • chiefly NJ, PA, OH, MI (MAP)
spring peeper n • scattered, but esp PA, OH, nNJ (MAP)
sprinkles n pl • scattered, but esp freq NYC, nNJ
spung n • chiefly sNJ
stone row n • chiefly NJ, PA
strawberry fly n • chiefly NJ (MAP)
*tablet n • widespread, but less freq NEng, NYC, nNJ
tacker n • chiefly DE, MD, NJ, ePA
taffy n 1 • scattered, but esp PA, NJ (MAP)
Texas hot (wiener) n • chiefly nNJ, Upstate NY, PA
thimble-eyed mackerel n • NY, NJ
thundergust n • chiefly NEast, esp PA, NJ
ticklish adj • NJ
ticklish-bender n • chiefly NJ
tickly-bender(s) n • chiefly NEast, esp PA, NJ
tomato pie n • esp CT, NJ, NY, PA
trolley bun n • NJ, PA
turkey beard n 1 • scattered, but esp NJ
viewing n • chiefly PA, NJ, MD, DE; also UT (MAP)
water gap n 2 • orig chiefly NY, NJ, PA; now more widespread in technical language
water ice n • now esp sePA, sNJ
*wheelbarrow n • aspirated |hwil-| forms..least common in NYC, NJ
whinnering owl n • esp NY, NJ, CT
whinny n, v 1 • chiefly Nth, sNJ, WV (MAP)
wicket n • esp PA, NJ (MAP)
womper n • esp NJ
wooden hill n • scattered, but esp NY, PA, NJ
woodpile n attrib • chiefly C and N Atl, esp NJ
care v B2 • chiefly FL, MS, AR, OK, NM (MAP)
checkered-bark juniper n • AZ, NM, TX
colcha n • NM
colchon n • NM
Hosteen n • NM, AZ
luminaria n 1 • chiefly NM
luminaria n 2 • orig NM, now more widespread
majordomo n 2 • esp NM
morral n • SW, esp NM, wTX
mountain laurel n 5 • chiefly TX, NM
penco n • NM, sCO
Penitente n • NM, sCO
ristra n • esp NM
sopaipilla n • esp NM
sotol n • TX, NM, AZ
Spaniard n a • esp TX, NM
Spanish adj 1a • esp TX, NM
stomp n 2 • NM
vara n • SW, esp NM, TX
New Orleans See Louisiana, New Orleans
afterfeed(ing) n • now chiefly nNY
Albany beef n • NY
Arab n B6 • ceNY
ayuh adv, intj • chiefly NEng, nNY (MAP)
bag n B1 • chiefly NY, CT
bar n4 • chiefly Sth, Midl, nNY
barrack n • chiefly NY, C Atl
bastard broadbill n • esp NY, RI
be v C2b • chiefly NEng, NY, nPA; also Sth, esp eVA, eNC
beef on weck n • chiefly cwNY
Belgian adj • NY, esp NYC
belly-gut n, v, adv 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, PA (MAP)
belly-whacker n, adv • chiefly NEast, esp NY
belly-whopper n, v, adv 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NY, NJ (MAP)
belly-whopper n, v, adv 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NY, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
binnacle n • NY
binnewater n • NY
blickey n1 • chiefly seNY, NYC, and NJ
block dance n • chiefly NY, NJ
bob veal n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY
box oyster n • CT, NY coast
brush n B6 • esp NY, MI (MAP)
bungalow apron n • esp NY
bye n • esp NY
cackany n • esp NY
canal boat n • chiefly NY (MAP)
canaller n 1 • NY
cat n 3a • chiefly NEast, esp NY
cat shit n • chiefly PA, NJ, NY (MAP)
catty n1 1 • chiefly MD, NJ, NY, PA (MAP)
clape n • esp NY
climb v 2b • chiefly Atl States, esp nNY, wNEng (MAP)
clove n • NY, esp Hudson R Valley
con n1 • scattered, but esp NY, CA (MAP)
crimp v 3 • chiefly N Cent, PA, NY (MAP)
crimper n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, PA, NY (MAP)
cripple n1 • eNY, ePA, NJ
dickey n2 1 • chiefly NY, PA
dickey n2 2 • NY
dirt cellar n • chiefly NEng, NY
dish kettle n • chiefly NEng, NY
dobber n1 1 • chiefly NY, NJ
doc n 1 • chiefly PA, NY (MAP)
dooryard n • chiefly NEng, NY
dug worm n • esp NY
dominie n • chiefly in Du settlement areas, esp NY
eat the greaser v phr • esp NY
eel fly n • cnNY
ewe n (pronc) • chiefly NEng, NY
ex n1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng, NY (MAP)
fag n • scattered, but esp NY, PA, CA
faggot n • scattered, but esp NY, PA
farmer match n • chiefly Upper MW, Gt Lakes, NY, WV (MAP)
feest adj • chiefly in Du settlement areas, esp NY, N Cent
fetticus n • esp NY
file n2 • chiefly NY, NJ, PA
file v1 • chiefly NY, NJ, PA
flatland plow n • NY, nPA
flint n 1 • chiefly Midl, NY
food n (pronc) • wPA, sNY, nNJ
fyke n • orig chiefly NY, NEng; now chiefly C Atl coast
gather v B5 • chiefly Midl, NY (MAP)
gooney n 4 • esp PA, NY
goshawk n • esp PA, NY, NJ
go to business v phr • NEast, esp NY
grandpa n A5 • scattered, but chiefly C Atl, NY (MAP)
great northern diver n • chiefly N Atl, esp NY
gulf n 1 • scattered, but esp NY
hat rack n 1 • scattered but esp NY
hedgehog n 1 • chiefly NY, NEng
Holland Dutch n • esp NY
home bureau n • NY
home free exclam • chiefly east of Missip R, esp NY (MAP)
hour n (pronc) • S Midl, seME, seNY
hunk n2 • NY
idea n 1 (pronc) • scattered, but esp NEng, NY
Indian bread n 1 • esp NEng, NY
Jackson ball n • esp NY
jack wax n 1 • esp NY
jeezum crow intj • VT, nNY
Jewish pickle n • esp PA, NJ, NY (MAP)
jumper n 7c • wNEng, nNY, MI
kill n1 • esp NY, in Du settlement areas
killifish n 1 • chiefly seNY (MAP)
kimmelweck n • wNY, esp Buffalo
kip n • chiefly NJ, NY esp in Dutch settlement areas
kiskitomas n • chiefly NY, NJ
kittering adv, adj • scattered, but esp NY, NEng
Lafayette n 1 • esp NY
leader n 3 • chiefly NY, NJ (MAP)
long drawers n pl • scattered, but chiefly SE, C Atl, seNY (MAP)
louk n • eNY
Lucy Bowles n • scattered, but esp PA, NJ, seNY (MAP)
marrowfat (bean) n • chiefly nNJ, NY, PA (MAP)
mayflower n 2 • esp NY, NJ
Mick n 3 • NY, esp NYC
mossbunker n • esp NJ, NY
moving day n • esp NY, PA
mow away v phr • chiefly NEng, NY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
mud swallow n • chiefly West; also PA, NY, NJ (MAP)
national adj (pronc) • NEng, NY
netop n • NEng, nNY
nigger baby n 1 • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, seNY (MAP)
Old Home Day n • esp NEng, NY
one old cat n 2 • seNY
Oswego bass n • chiefly NY
Otsego (Lake) bass n • chiefly NY
out adv, v, adj, prep, n, exclam (pronc) • chiefly nNEng, nNY, Mid Atl, esp eVA
overshot n 2 • esp NY
pannicake n • chiefly Nth, esp NY, WI
parkway n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, CT, NJ (MAP)
partridge n A2 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, Midl, now esp NEng, NY (MAP)
pied sheldrake n • esp NY
pinkster n 1 • chiefly NY
pinkster n 2 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, NJ
piss oak n • chiefly NEng, NY (MAP)
pitchhole n 2 • NEng, neNY (MAP)
pogy n 2 • esp NY, sNEng
poop v, n • widespread, but more freq NEng, NY, Gt Lakes, S Atl, West (MAP)
pot cheese n • chiefly NY, NJ, nPA, CT (MAP)
*potluck meal n • widespread, but less freq Sth, C Atl, NY (MAP and Map Section)
preacher Jack n • scattered, but more freq NY, PA, wGt Lakes
proof v • chiefly NY
pung n • chiefly NEng, NY (MAP)
punging vbl n • NEng, NY
put up v phr 3 • chiefly NYC, seNY
ratgut n • esp PA, NY, NJ (MAP)
real n • chiefly Nth, esp NY, NJ
rolliche n • NY, NJ
sap bush n • chiefly cNY
saw-whet owl n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng, NY (MAP)
scale v2 2 • chiefly NEng, NY (MAP)
scoop n 1 • scattered, but esp NY, PA, IN (MAP)
seapoose n • esp seNY, neNJ
shad herring n • esp NY
shelving n • esp NJ, NY
shiner n 2a • esp NY
shit, meaner than adj phr • chiefly NJ, PA, NY (MAP)
sizzer n1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY (MAP)
skeeve v • NEast, esp NY
skew- pref b • chiefly Nth, esp NY, MI, WI (MAP)
skidway n a • chiefly Gt Lakes, NY
skinny malink n • esp NY
skip mackerel n • esp NY
skippaug n • NY
smelt n 2b • NY
spiedi(e) n • chiefly csNY
stinkpot n 2 • chiefly nNY (MAP)
stived ppl adj • NEng, seNY
stook n 1 • chiefly NEng, nNY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
stout n • chiefly NY
Stovepipe City n • chiefly nNEng, NY
straight, right out adv phr, adj phr • NEng, NY
supawn n • chiefly NY
sweet walnut n • NEng, NY
tap v1 • NEng, NY
tap n2 1 • esp NEng, NY
thimble-eyed mackerel n • NY, NJ
throughway n • chiefly wNEng, NY (MAP)
timberdoodle n • chiefly NY, wGt Lakes
toggle v 1 • chiefly Nth, now esp NY
tomato pie n • esp CT, NJ, NY, PA
tomcod n 1a • chiefly ME, MA, NH, NY
trefoil n 1 • scattered, but esp wNY, PA (MAP)
tunk n1 1 • chiefly NEng, NY
turnpike (cake) n • chiefly NY
upstreeter n • sNEng, NY
venison bird n • esp NY
vly n • NY
water biscuit n • cwNY
water gap n 2 • orig chiefly NY, NJ, PA; now more widespread in technical language
weaser n • NY
wedge n1 2 • chiefly seNY
whinnering owl n • esp NY, NJ, CT
white pizza n • chiefly NY
wooden hill n • scattered, but esp NY, PA, NJ
yellow pike n • chiefly Gt Lakes, esp wNY
York State n • chiefly NEng, NY, and NEng settlement area
airy-way n • Brooklyn NY
bunk v1 2 • NYC, esp Brooklyn
kimmelweck n • wNY, esp Buffalo
*-a • chiefly wNEng south through NC (exc NYC and Philadelphia PA areas), Cent and SW
aikie(s) intj • chiefly NYC
alter kocker n • NYC and other Jewish settlement areas
appoint v (pronc) • NYC
asparagus n (pronc) • esp NYC, nNJ
Belgian adj • NY, esp NYC
bird n A1 (pronc) • esp coastal Sth, NYC, eNEng
black Tom n • chiefly NYC
blickey n1 • chiefly seNY, NYC, and NJ
box ball n • chiefly NYC
bunk v1 2 • NYC, esp Brooklyn
*crazy bone n • widespread, but least freq in Sth, NYC (MAP)
curl n, v (pronc) • chiefly in NYC
ditzy adj 2 • esp NYC
dog park n • NYC
egg ball n • NYC
egg cream n • chiefly NYC
elevator apartment n • esp NYC
fins exclam 2 • chiefly NYC
first adj, adv (pronc) • NYC, scattered Sth
first by day(, last by night) phr • NYC
floor-through n • NYC
forehead n (pronc) • esp NEng, NYC, Sth, S Midl
foreign adj (pronc) • esp NYC
forest n (pronc) • esp NYC, Sth
for-two-cents-plain n • NYC
four adj, n (pronc) • NYC
four-box baseball n • NYC
French flat n • NYC
girl n (pronc) • NYC
gutter n1 5 • NYC
hall bedroom n • chiefly NYC
hero n • scattered, but esp NYC (MAP and Map Section)
huge adj (pronc) • esp NYC, Long Island NY
human n (pronc) • esp NYC, Long Island NY
ice pop n • esp NYC area
I should worry phr • orig NYC
Italian ice n • esp NYC area
Johnny-on-the-pony n • chiefly NYC
king-queen n • NYC
learn v (pronc) • chiefly NYC, sLA
Mardi Gras n 2 • scattered, but esp Gulf States, NYC
Mick n 3 • NY, esp NYC
mocky n1 • chiefly NYC
mud gutter n • NYC, NJ, PA
nauseous adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NYC, NJ, PA (MAP)
nebbish n • esp NYC
off-the-point n • NYC
oil n1, v (pronc) • chiefly NYC
on prep B11 • chiefly NYC, nNJ
parky n2 • NYC, IL, WI
piccolo n • chiefly S Atl; also NYC
pie wagon n • chiefly NYC area
pipe, take the v phr • esp NYC, C Atl (MAP)
play street n • NYC
pollynose n • chiefly NYC
pot n 5 • NYC
potsy n 1 • chiefly NYC (MAP)
private house n • NYC
punchball n • esp NYC
put up v phr 3 • chiefly NYC, seNY
railroad flat n • chiefly NYC
rent party n • chiefly NYC
ring-a-levio n 1 • chiefly NYC
saluggi n • NYC
schlepp n 2 • esp NYC
schlepp v • chiefly NYC, but becoming more widely used
schlepper n • orig NYC; now more widely used
shoestring n 3 • chiefly NYC, C Atl (MAP)
sirree bob n • scattered, but esp Sth, wTX, N Midl, NYC (MAP)
skelly n • NYC
slap ball n • NYC
sliding pond n • chiefly NYC, nNJ
spaldeen n • chiefly NYC
spoil v A2 (pronc) • esp NYC
sprinkles n pl • scattered, but esp freq NYC, nNJ
stickball n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NYC (MAP)
stoopball n • esp NYC
street checkers n • esp NYC
super n • scattered, but chiefly NYC
*tablet n • widespread, but less freq NEng, NYC, nNJ
tag sale n • chiefly Nth, esp sNEng, NYC
take v B6 • esp NYC
thirty n, adj, pron (pronc) • esp NYC |ˈɵɞti|
those pron, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, NYC..|doz|
toilet n 1 (pronc) • esp NYC
*wheelbarrow n • aspirated |hwil-| forms..least common in NYC, NJ
ofay n • [..If the word originated in Harlem c1920 it may be, as has often been asserted, pig Latin for foe.]
New York, Hudson (River) Valley
clove n • NY, esp Hudson R Valley
olykoek n • chiefly Hudson Valley NY
skimmelton n • chiefly Hudson Valley, nNJ, nePA (MAP)
winkle-hawk n • chiefly Hudson River Valley (MAP)
huge adj (pronc) • esp NYC, Long Island NY
human n (pronc) • esp NYC, Long Island NY
mummichog n • sNEng, Long Island NY
pightle n • Long Is. NY
quail snipe n • esp Long Is. NY
snowshoe flounder n • esp Long Is. NY, NEng
swellbelly n • chiefly Long Is. NY
torup n • esp Long Is. NY
salt potato n • esp Syracuse NY
brush broom n2 • chiefly NEast, esp upstate NY (MAP)
chair n (pronc) • SC, sNEng, Upstate NY
downstreet adv • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
draw v C1 • chiefly Upstate NY, wNEng (MAP)
emptins n pl • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY
finger n B1b • chiefly Upstate NY
friedcake n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp Gt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
frock n • chiefly Upstate NY, nNEng (MAP)
gambrel roof n • chiefly Upstate NY, NEng (MAP)
grandpa n A6 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
griddle n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp Upstate NY, VT (MAP)
hoggy n 1 • Upstate NY
horning n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp Upstate NY, nPA (MAP)
lake trout n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
leather apron n • NEng, Upstate NY
lobber v • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp Upstate NY, CT, MI (MAP and Map Section)
lower v1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
mall n 1 • chiefly Upstate NY (MAP)
matterate v • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
muley adj, n2 A3 (pronc) • chiefly Upstate NY, nPA, wGt Lakes (MAP)
muskellunge n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes, OH, PA, Upstate NY (MAP)
neap n1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
night pasture n • scattered, but esp eGt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
out adv, v, adj, prep, n, exclam (pronc) • chiefly Upstate NY, wNEng
pank v • chiefly nMI; also PA, Upstate NY
pass n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, esp Upstate NY (MAP)
piss elm n • chiefly N Cent, Missip Valley, Upstate NY (MAP)
pitch n2 1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY, Delmarva, Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
pole barn n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Gt Lakes, Upstate NY, CT, Mid Atl (MAP)
pound sand down a rathole v phr 1 • chiefly west of Missip R, N Cent, Upstate NY (MAP)
punkie n1 1 • chiefly Upstate NY, PA (MAP)
quoit n A1 (pronc) • formerly widespread, now esp NJ, PA, Upstate NY, wMA (MAP)
root n1, v (pronc) • esp NEng, Upstate NY, Upper MW |r^Ut|
salt pork n • scattered, but somewhat more freq NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
skipjack n 4 • Upstate NY
soft maple n • chiefly wNEng, Upstate NY, nPA, N Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
spring beauty n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp N Cent, PA, Upstate NY
storm house n 1 • Nth, esp Upstate NY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
strawberry bass n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upstate NY
stump lot n • chiefly CT, MA, Upstate NY
sugar bush n 1 • chiefly wNEng, Upstate NY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
sugar house n 1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY
swale grass n • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
Texas hot (wiener) n • chiefly nNJ, Upstate NY, PA
titman n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
town road n • NEng, Upstate NY, wGt Lakes (MAP)
transport n • chiefly Missip Valley, West, Gulf States, Gt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
tunk n1 2 • chiefly VT, Upstate NY
tunnel n • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
tuque n • Nth, esp Upstate NY, NEng
tureen dinner n • chiefly Upstate NY, wPA (MAP and Map Section)
whay exclam • esp nNEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
woodchuck n 6 • Upstate NY
wrist n • Upstate NY
New Zealand; Dictionary of New Zealand English
scarf n2 • Cf AND, DNZE
scrub n 1 • [..chiefly Austr, NZ]
unfinancial adj 1 • [Cf OED2 financial a. 2..; this sense is very common in Australia and New Zealand.]
unfinancial adj 2 • Cf AND, DNZE (at financial)
haddo n • [Nisqualli huddoh]
skowitz n • [Nisqualli..]
North (See also Inland North)
again prep, adv, conj (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl
agate-eye n • chiefly Nth, esp Gt Lakes
agree to disagree v phr 1 • chiefly Nth, West
Albany sleigh n • Nth
alderman n • Nth
all-ee all-ee (all) in free exclam • chiefly Nth (MAP)
alley n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
all in adj 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
all in but one’s shoestrings adj phr • Nth
all of a phr • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
all the way through adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, TX (MAP)
all two adj, pron, conj • Nth
anchor ice n • Nth
andiron n • formerly chiefly Nth; now throughout US
and like (of) that conj phr • ?esp Nth
angel n 4 • chiefly Nth, West
angleworm n • chiefly Nth and West (MAP)
anise root n • chiefly Nth
antsy adj • chiefly Nth
appleknocker n 3 • chiefly Nth
apple paring n • chiefly Nth
apron n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, Midl
arctic n1 • chiefly Nth
ark n 3 • Nth
armful n • formerly chiefly Nth; now widespread, but esp common in Nth (MAP)
*armload n • widespread, but least freq in Nth (MAP)
ash breeze n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
ashpan n • widespread, but esp Nth, Midl (MAP)
ashpit n • chiefly Nth
ass end n • chiefly Nth
ass-end-to adv phr • chiefly Nth (MAP)
Astor’s pet horse n • chiefly Nth
*at prep 2 • widespread exc in Nth, though gaining currency throughout US (MAP)
Aunt Jane’s room n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
ax n • Nth
ax-handle n 2 • Nth
aye, yes or no n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
babiche n • Nth, esp AK
babushka n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
baby house n • Nth
back v 2 • ?Nth
back cant n • Nth
back-end-to adv phr • chiefly Nth
back forty, the n • Nth, West
backside-to adv phr • chiefly Nth (MAP)
backslider exclam • Nth
back water v phr • chiefly Nth, Atlantic
bait n 5 • Nth, esp NEng
baker’s bread n • throughout US, but esp Nth, N Midl, West (Map Section)
bald-headed adj 2 • ?Nth
bald-headed adv 1 • chiefly Nth, West
balsam n 1 • chiefly Nth
banjo n B2 • chiefly Nth, West
bank v 3 • chiefly Nth
banking ground(s) n • chiefly Nth
bannock n • chiefly Nth, esp eNEng
bar n1 3 • chiefly Nth, NW
barbaree n, exclam • Nth
barber chair n, v • Nth
bare-naked adj • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
barf v, n • chiefly Nth, West
barn boss n 1 • Nth
barn door n 1 • Nth
barn door n 2a • chiefly Nth
barn raising n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
barnyard n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
barnyard golf n • chiefly Nth
basket n 4 • Nth
basket wagon n • Nth
bateau n B1 • Nth, esp NEng
battleship n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
beanery n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
beans, not to know v phr a • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
beat it v phr • widespread, but most freq in Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
beaver meadow n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
bed slipper n • ?Nth
bee n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
beet greens n pl • chiefly Nth, scattered West (MAP)
belly-flop n, v, adv • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
belly-whopper n, v, adv 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NY, NJ (MAP)
belly-whopper n, v, adv 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NY, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
bending ice n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
bent n2 2 • chiefly Nth
biddy n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
big-feeling adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl
big wheels n pl • chiefly Nth
billy-be-damned n • chiefly Nth
bird cherry n 1b • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
birl v • Nth
biscuit n B5 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
bitch n 4 • ?chiefly Nth, N Midl
bitch v • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
bittersweet n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
blaa n, v • chiefly Nth
blackcap n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
black diphtheria n • chiefly Nth
black-eyed bean n • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
blanket chest n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
blankie-lie-low exclam, n • chiefly Nth
blare v 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
blast n 4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, scattered Sth (MAP)
blat n, v 2 • chiefly Nth and West (MAP and Map Section)
blazes n, intj • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
blindman’s buff n a • widespread but esp common Nth, N Midl
block party n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
blood relative n • esp Nth, N Midl, West
bloodsucker n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
blossom n 1 • chiefly Nth
blotch n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
blow v1 A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, and scattered Nth (MAP)
bluecoat n 1 • esp Nth, N Midl
blue fly n • esp Nth
bluenose n 3 • chiefly Nth, Pacific
blue wasp n • esp Nth
bluff v 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
boarder n • esp Nth, N Midl
board-stretcher n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
boat n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
bob n3 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
bobber n • chiefly Nth
bobsleigh n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
bock beer n • chiefly Nth
body n 2 • chiefly Nth
boiled dinner n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
boiler n1 3 • chiefly Nth, Pacific NW
boil up v phr • chiefly Nth, Pacific NW
bollix v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
bone orchard n • esp Nth, Midl
boo n1 • scattered, but esp Nth
booby n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
boodle n 2c • chiefly Nth
boogaloo n • esp Nth, N Midl
boogie n 2 • chiefly Nth
boogie n 3 • esp common Nth
boom v 1 • chiefly Nth
booze belly n • esp Nth, N Midl
boozer n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
bore n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
borsch n • chiefly Nth
boss adj • scattered but esp in urban areas of Nth, N Midl, Pacific
boss n1 2 • chiefly Nth and West (MAP)
botheration exclam • chiefly Nth
boughten adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
bounce, give one the v phr • esp Nth (MAP)
bow-and-arrow n • chiefly Nth
box social n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
box stove n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
boyfriend n • chiefly Nth
bozo n • esp Nth, N Midl
braces n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
bread-dough biscuit n • chiefly Nth, AR, MS (MAP)
break v B2 • Nth
break v C4 • chiefly Nth
*breastbone n • scattered, but least freq in Nth and Sth
bringing up vbl n • Nth, N Midl
bromegrass n • Nth, esp Upper MW, Gt Lakes
brown betty n 1 • chiefly Nth
brush v C1 • chiefly Nth
brush scythe n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
bub n2 3a • chiefly Nth
bubbler n 2 • Nth, N Midl; esp freq in WI
bubble-top n • Nth, N Midl
bubby n2 2 • chiefly Nth
buck n1 1b • chiefly Nth, Midl
buck n1 2e • Nth, N Midl
buck n1 4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl exc Rocky Mts, NW (MAP)
buck v2 1 • chiefly Nth
buck buck n 2 • Nth, N Midl
bucker n2 1 • Nthn logging areas, esp Pacific NW
bucket n 2b • Nth, esp NEast
bucket n 2c • Nth, east of IL
bucket n 3 • chiefly Nth and N Midl, east of Missip R (MAP)
buck fever n 1 • widespread, but esp freq in Nth
buckle v 1 • widespread, but now most common in Nth, least common in Midl
bucksaw n • Nth, N Midl
buckskin n 2 • Nthn logging areas
buckwheat n 5 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
buddy n 1c • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Atlantic
budget n 3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
buff n 2 • chiefly Nth
bullfly n • chiefly Nth
bullhead n 1b • chiefly Nth (MAP)
bull of the woods n 1 • chiefly Nth, Pacific NW
bull rake n • chiefly Nth, Midl
bum, on the adj phr • esp Nth
bum’s rush n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
bunch n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
bunch onion n • chiefly Nth
bung eye n • esp Nth
bunk sled n • Nth
bunt v2 • Nth
bunter n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
burdock n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
burr n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
bush n1 B1b • Nth, esp AK
bushwa n2, exclam • chiefly Nth
bust a tug v phr • chiefly Nth
buttercup squash n • chiefly Nth
buttery n • Nth, esp NEng (MAP)
button n B2a • chiefly Nth, N Midl and West (MAP)
button n B2c • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
button n B3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
buzz off v phr • Nth
by guess and by gosh adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cabbage night n • Nth
cabbage salad n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
calamity n • Nth
call-down n • chiefly Nth, Midl
call down v phr • chiefly Nth, Midl
Canada jay n • chiefly Nth
Canada lynx n • chiefly Nth
Canada thistle n • chiefly Nth
canary grass n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
can’t-see-um n • chiefly Nth
Canuck n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
canyon n • chiefly West, scattered Nth (MAP)
capish v • Nth
caramel n (pronc) • in Nth, West
cart v 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
cart v 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl
cat ice n • Nth
cat spruce n • Nth, esp NEng
cellar n1 (pronc) • Nth, esp NEng
center n1 • Nth
changed ppl adj 1 • chiefly Nth
change work v phr, n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
charge v B2 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
charge v B3 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
chase oneself v phr 1 • esp Nth
cheater n 1b • esp Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
checks, cash in one’s v phr • scattered, but esp Nth, Midl
chestnut n 3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
chewing match n • chiefly Nth
chicken coop n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
chicken tracks n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
chicory n 1 • chiefly Nth, C Atl
chimney n B2 • Nth, N Midl
china n B2 • esp Nth, N Midl
Chinee n2 • esp West and Nth
Chinese pheasant n • chiefly Nth, esp OR, WA
chink n3 2 • Nth, esp NW
chintzy adj1 • widespread, but esp Nth, N Midl, West
chin-whisker adj • Nth
chip n1 4 • chiefly Nth (Map Section)
chipmunk n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast, though becoming more widespread
chipping sparrow n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
chipping squirrel n • chiefly Nth
chip together v phr • chiefly Nth
chizzly adj • esp Nth
choke v1 • Nth
choke a horse v phr • chiefly Nth
chokecherry n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
choker n 1 • Nth, esp Pacific NW
chopper n 1 • chiefly Nth
chopper n 2 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
chopping vbl n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
chore v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
chore boy n • chiefly Nth, West
chore time n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
chowder n 1 • orig and chiefly NEng, now also Nth, CA, C Atl (MAP)
Christmas intj • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
Christopher intj • chiefly Nth, also N Midl
chuck n2 • chiefly Nth
chuck boat n • Nth
chuke n1 • Nth, esp states bordering Canada
chunk v 4 • Nth
chunk pickle n • esp Nth
churn-butted adj • Nth
cig n • esp Nth and West (MAP)
cinch n1 1 • scattered, but esp West, Nth (MAP)
cipher n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
circus n 1 • chiefly Nth
clacker n 2 • chiefly Nth
clear adj B1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
click n • Nth
clipper n 1 • Nth
clobber n1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
clock shelf n • chiefly Nth
clodhopper n 2 • ?esp Nth
close one n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
closet n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp RI
clothes rack n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
clothes room n • Nth, esp NAtl
clothes tree n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
cluck v • Nth, esp PA, WI, Upper MW
clunk n 1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
*coal oil n • widespread, but least freq in Nth, S Atl (MAP)
coast v 1 • prob orig Boston MA area, now chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cob n2 3 • Nth
co-boss(ie) v phr • chiefly Nth (MAP)
cock n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cock v1 • Nth
cocked ppl adj • chiefly Nth
cock of the woods n • chiefly Nth
cod v • chiefly Nth
coffin nail n 1 • widespread but esp Nth, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
colony house n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
coltsfoot n 3 • chiefly Nth
come v A5a • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
come again v phr • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
come on n 1 • chiefly Nth
comforter n 2 • Nth
commode n 1 • chiefly Nth
commode n 4b • scattered, but esp Atl, Nth
compressed yeast n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
conductor (pipe) n • Nth, esp NEast
cook v 1 • chiefly Nth, esp in Ger and Scan settlement areas
cookee n b • chiefly Nth
cookie n1 3 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
coop n1 (pronc) • Nth, N Midl
cope v2 (pronc) • Nth
cork n2 2 • chiefly Nth
cork n2 3 • chiefly Nth
corker n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cornmeal bread n • chiefly Nth, CA (MAP)
corn mush n • esp Nth
corporation n • Nth
cottage fried potatoes n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cottage pudding n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
country n B2b • chiefly Nth
couple-three, (a) adj phr • chiefly Nth (MAP)
cover n, v B2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng (MAP and Map Section)
cow corn n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
cow-kicked, I’ll be exclam • chiefly Nth
cowslip n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
cow yard n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEng
coydog n • Nth, esp NEast
crab n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp Gt Lakes (MAP)
crab v1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
crackerberry n • chiefly Nth
crackerjack n • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
cradle knoll n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
craunch v 1 • Nth
craunch v 2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
crawler n1 1 • chiefly Nth
creeper n 7 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
crib v 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
crib v 2 • chiefly Nth
cribbage n • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
cricket n2 • chiefly Nth
criminy intj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
cripe intj • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
critter n B2a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
critter n B2b • chiefly Nth
croaker n1 2 • esp Nth, N Midl
crock n1 2 • chiefly Nth
crocked ppl adj 1 • esp Nth, N Midl
crocus n1 2a • chiefly Nth, esp Inland Nth
crowbait n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
cruiser n 1 • Nth
crust n B1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
cupboard n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cupola n B1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
curb n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl
curdle v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
curdled ppl adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
curl n B5 • esp Nth, N Midl
curtain n B1 • chiefly Nth, Midl
cut from the same cloth adj phr • chiefly Nth
cutter n1 1 • chiefly Nth, exc eNEng (MAP)
dago red n • chiefly Nth and West (MAP)
Danish pastry n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
deacon n 1 • chiefly Nth
deacon seat n 2 • chiefly Nth, esp ME
deadhead n 2 • esp Nth, N Midl
deaf adj B1d • chiefly Nth
dear intj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
deck n 1 • Nth
deck v • chiefly Nth
deeryard n • Nth
democrat wagon n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
de-nut v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
deuce, the n b • chiefly Nth
devil’s darning needle n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
deviltry n • chiefly Nth
dicker n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
dicker v 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
dingle n1 • Nth, esp MA
dirt n 2 • chiefly Nth, scattered West (MAP)
dirty spoon n • esp Nth, N Midl
discharge v, n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
discombobulate v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
divvy v • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
dock n2 2 • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
dodo n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
dog n1 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl
dog v 8 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
dog’s age n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
dog-toes n • chiefly Nth
Dog Town n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West
dogwood n 3 • chiefly Nth
dolt n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
done in adj phr • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
donkey n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp Pacific NW
donnybrook n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
dope v 5 • chiefly Nth
dopey adj 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
dopey adj 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
double Dutch n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
double sawbuck n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
dough god n 2 • Nth, esp NEng
down adj D1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
down cellar adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
dowser n 2 • chiefly Nth
dowsing rod n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
dragsaw n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
*drain ditch n • scattered, but less freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
drain, go down the v phr • chiefly Nth
draw n 1a • chiefly Nth, Sth (MAP)
draw v B2 • esp Nth, West (MAP)
dray n 1 • chiefly Nth
dray v • Nth
dressing n 5 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng (MAP)
dribs and drabs n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
drip n 1 • chiefly Nth
drive n 5 • Nth, esp NEng
drive n 6 • Nth, esp NEng, Gt Lakes
drive v B3 • chiefly Nth
driver n 4 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
driving vbl n • Nth
drought n A4 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
dry-ki n • chiefly Nth, esp ME
duck v 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast
duck bumps n pl • chiefly Nth (MAP)
duck on a rock n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
due adj, n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
duff n 5 • chiefly Nth
duffer n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
dumb v, adj, intj • chiefly Nth
dummkopf n • chiefly Nth
Dutch cheese n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
Dutch love, hotter than adj phr • Nth
Dutchman’s breeches n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
dynamite n • chiefly Nth
eagle beak n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
ear tag n • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
ease v 1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl
eat dried apples v phr • Nth, esp N Atl
eaves pipe n • Nth
eaves spout n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
eaves trough n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
eave swallow n • chiefly Nth
eddy n 3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
egg n B3 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
elastic (band) n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp N Atl (MAP)
elephant n 2 • scattered, but more freq Nth
el ropo n • chiefly Nth
*entrails n pl • scattered, but less freq Nth (MAP)
entryway n 1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
essence peddler n • Nth, esp NEng
euchre n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp N Cent (MAP)
evener n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP and Map Section)
ex n1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng, NY (MAP)
explode v1 • chiefly Nth N Midl (MAP)
eye-drop n • chiefly Nth
face fly n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp N Cent
fair-weather Christian n • Nth
fairy n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
farmer n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
faucet n B1 • formerly chiefly Nth; now widespread, but less freq Mid and C Atl
feast n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl
feather n B4 • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
feather n B9 • chiefly Nth, Pacific
feather bed n 1 • chiefly Nth
feather cloud n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
feed, off (of) one’s adj phr • chiefly Nth
fest n • chiefly Nth
fester n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl
Fibber McGee(’s) closet n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
field mouse n • chiefly Nth
fill n2 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
fine cut adj phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
fire v C5 • chiefly Nth
firebug n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, PA (MAP)
fireplace shelf n • chiefly Nth
first adj B3b • chiefly Nth, N Midl
fishworm n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, Cent (MAP)
fit to be tied adj phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Mid Atl
five hundred n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, but less freq eNEng, NW (MAP)
five hundred n 3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
flail n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
flail v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
flannelmouth n 2 • chiefly Nth
flat n2 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
flax v 2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
flop n 7 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
flowerpot n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
fodder corn n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
food sale n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
fool hen n 2 • Nth
foolish adj 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
fop n • chiefly Nth
for all of me adv phr • chiefly Nth
forenoon n • esp Nth
four corners n pl 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
fox and geese n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Rocky Mts (MAP)
frau n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
free stall n • chiefly Nth
freeze tag n • chiefly Nth
Frenchy n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
freshet n 2 • chiefly Atlantic, Nth (MAP)
friction match n • Nth
fridge n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
friedcake n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp Gt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
fried mush n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
fritz, on the adj phr, adv phr • chiefly Nth (MAP)
frogeater n • chiefly Nth
from prep B5 • chiefly Nth
frosting n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
fudge intj • chiefly Nth
funnel n B1 • Nth
fuss v C5 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
fuss v C6 • Nth
fussbudget n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
futz v • esp Nth
gain, on the adj phr • Nth, esp NEast
galley-west adv, adj • chiefly Nth (MAP)
garden stuff n • scattered, but chiefly Nth
garden truck n • scattered, but esp freq Nth, Midl
garden worm n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
garret n 1 • scattered, but esp Nth
gelding n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
gem n • chiefly Nth
gentleman n B2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
German coffee cake n • Nth
German fried potatoes n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
gesundheit intj • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
giant cracker n • chiefly Nth
glassie n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
glass towel n • chiefly Nth
glim n 2 • esp Nth, West
glowworm n • scattered, but esp Nth, West
goad n B • chiefly Nth
goal n (pronc) • chiefly Nth
goal n B • chiefly Nth (MAP)
goboon n • chiefly Nth, West
go down v phr 1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
graham bread n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
grain v 2 • esp Nth
grandma n A2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
grandma n A4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
grandma n A8 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
grandpa n A2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
grandpa n A6 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
grass finch n 1 • chiefly Nth
gravy n 2 • scattered, but more freq Nth, N Midl, WV (MAP)
grease v A1 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, West
greasy adj A1 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
greasy adj B • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
great guns exclam • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
green pea n 1 • chiefly Nth
green pepper n 2 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
griddle cake n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
grow v 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
growler n2 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
grub ax n • esp Nth (MAP)
*grubbing hoe n 1 • widespread exc Nth (MAP and Map Section)
grub hoe n • chiefly Nth (MAP and Map Section)
guinea hen n 1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
gum n1, v1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
hackmatack n 1a • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
hairy woodpecker n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
half-assed adj • scattered, but more freq Nth
half-mast n • chiefly Nth
handsled n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
hanger-on n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
happy adj 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hard maple n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hardpan n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
hard sauce n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hardtack n 3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hare and hound(s) n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
harebell n 1 • chiefly Nth
harvest n B • chiefly Nth, N Midl
harvest fly n • chiefly Nth
hatchet n B3a • chiefly Nth, Midl
hawker n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
haycap n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
hay chute n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hay hole n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl, esp PA (MAP)
hayrack n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
hayseed n 1 • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl
hayshaker n 1 • chiefly Nth
haywire adj 1 • chiefly Nth
headcheese n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
hearthstone n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
heartsease n 2 • chiefly Nth
heave v B1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
heavy adj • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
heel plate n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, Midl
hell-to-breakfast, from adv phr • chiefly Nth, West
hen coop n • esp Nth (MAP)
*hey exclam 2 • scattered, but less freq Nth, Atlantic, West (MAP)
high-muck-a-muck n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl
hinder n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hindside-to adv • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hired man n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hitch v 1 • chiefly Nth
hitch v 3 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
hither and thither adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hither and yon adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl
ho v a • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
hog-wrestle n • esp Nth
hog yard n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hoist v C1a • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hoity-toity adj • esp Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
home n B4a • chiefly Nth
*home base n 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq Nth (MAP)
honeysuckle n 4 • chiefly Nth
Hoover n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
horned lark n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
horse rake n • chiefly Nth
how adv 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl
hubbard squash n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
hull n B1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
*hull n B2a(1) • widespread, but less freq Nth, Rocky Mts (MAP and Map Section)
hun n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl
Hungarian goulash n • esp Nth, N Midl
Hunk n3 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hunter n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, CA (MAP)
hurricane n A1a • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp NEast
hurry-up n 2 • chiefly Nth, Midl
husk n B2a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
husk n B4a • chiefly Nth, Midl
husk v B1a • chiefly Nth, N Midl
*hydrant n 1a • scattered, but less freq Nth, Atlantic (MAP)
ice tag n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
*icing n 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
icky adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
Indian pipe n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
Indian tobacco n 4 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
inkslinger n • Nth
inwards n pl (pronc) • esp Nth (MAP)
jack frost n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
jag n2 1a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
jag n2 2 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
jeez intj • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
jell n • chiefly Nth
Jewish bread n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
jibe v • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
jigger n2 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
jiggered, I’ll be phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
jill poke n • Nth
John Bull n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
johnnycake n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
Jonah n B1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Judas n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
jumper n 7a • Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
kaput adj B • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
kettle n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
kettle n B2 • Nth
kit n 2b • widespread, but somewhat more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
kitchen dance n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
kitchen garden n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
kitten n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
kittens, have v phr • esp Nth (MAP)
kitty-corner adv, adj 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
knife n • esp Nth (MAP and Map Section)
knob n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
knob n 3 • scattered, but esp Nth (MAP)
*knot n1 2a • widespread, but less freq Nth (MAP)
knothole n 1 • esp Nth
lalapalooza n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
landing n 1 • chiefly Nth
larch n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
licking good adj phr • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
*lightning bug n • widespread, but slightly less freq Nth, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
ling n 1a • chiefly Nth
linnet n 3 • Nth
lippy adj • esp Nth
little mite, a adv phr • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
liverwurst n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
locie n • Nth, esp Pacific NW
lodge v • chiefly Nth
*loft n 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
logy adj 1 • scattered, but more freq Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
long drink of water n • chiefly Nth
longies n pl • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP and Map Section)
Louisiana n (pronc) • esp Nth, N Midl
low beam n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, C Atl, West (MAP)
lubber n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
lumber wagon n • chiefly Nth, Cent (MAP)
lummox n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
lung fever n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
ma n A1 (pronc) • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
macht nichts phr • chiefly Nth
mad adj 1c • chiefly Nth (MAP)
make v1 C7 • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
*mamma n1 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
mammoth adj, n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
marry v (pronc) • chiefly Nth
marsh marigold n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
May basket n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, Plains States (MAP)
May beetle n • chiefly Nth
mayflower n 7 • chiefly Nth, Midl
meadow n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
meadow rue n • chiefly Nth
meg n 1 • chiefly Nth
metheglin n • chiefly Nth, Midl
Michaelmas daisy n • chiefly Nth
Mick n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
mig n • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
milk train n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
milquetoast n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
minnow n A4 • esp Nth
mitt n 2 • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
mitten n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
mitten v 1 • Nth
moist yeast n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
monkey v • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
mooseberry n • Nth, esp NEng
moosebird n • Nth, esp ME
mopboard n • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
mountain ash n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
mow n1 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
mow v • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
moxie n 2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
Mrs. n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
murphy n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
mush n2 • esp Nth, West
mustard pickle n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
nana n1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
nauseous adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NYC, NJ, PA (MAP)
near adj C • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
needle n 3 • chiefly Nth
new adj (pronc) • widespread, but esp Nth, N Midl
nib n1 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
nigger heaven n 1 • chiefly Nth, Plains States, Rocky Mts, CA (MAP)
nigger in the fence n • esp Nth
nix adv 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
noogie n • chiefly Nth
no-see-um n 1 • chiefly Nth, Pacific (MAP)
notional adj 2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
nut v • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
off-color adj • esp Nth
off ox n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
old maid n 4 • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
old maid n 5 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
one old cat n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
oozy adj • Nth, N Midl (MAP)
open adj B1 • chiefly Nth
orchard grass n • chiefly Nth, Midl, esp S Midl (MAP)
ought v C1a • widespread, but chiefly Nth
ought v C2b • widespread, but more freq Nth
outlaw n 3 • Nth
paddy n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, esp NEast (MAP)
pail n 1 • formerly chiefly Nth, now more widespread
pail n 2b • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
palsy-walsy adj, n • esp Nth, N Midl, West
pannicake n • chiefly Nth, esp NY, WI
pantywaist n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
papa n2 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, esp NEng |ˈpʌpə|
partridge n A2 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, Midl, now esp NEng, NY (MAP)
pat n3 • Nth, esp MI (MAP)
patch n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
pathmaster n • chiefly Nth
pea soup n 2 • chiefly Nth
peddle v a • chiefly Nth, West, Mid Atl (MAP)
peg v C2 • chiefly Nth
peggy n1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
pelter n • Nth
pencil-pod bean n • esp Nth
peony n1 1 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
pernickety adj • scattered, but chiefly Nth
persnickety adj • scattered, but more freq Nth, Midl (MAP)
phiz n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
picked-up adj phr • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
pickle n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
*piddle v 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
piece bag n • Nth, esp NEng
pie social n • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
pig n1 B16 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
pig yard n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
pimp stick n • esp Nth, West (MAP)
pin cherry n 1 • Nth, esp MI, MN, WI (MAP)
pinchers n pl • widely scattered, but esp freq Nth, Midl, TX (MAP)
pitch n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
pitchfork n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
pitchhole n 1 • Nth
*pith n • widespread, but less freq Nth, West (MAP)
plank road n • scattered, but more freq Nth, N Midl
plowed adj • esp Nth
pod n 3 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
poke n2 1 • chiefly Nth
Polack n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Polander n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
pole n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
Polish sausage n • scattered, but esp Nth (MAP)
pollywog n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
poor adj A1 (pronc) • esp Nth (exc neNEng), N Midl, Gulf States
pope’s nose n 1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, CA, TX (MAP)
porky n2 • chiefly Nth, nCA (MAP)
porridge n B1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
posy n 1 • Nth, esp NEng
potato bun n • chiefly Nth, esp PA
pothole n 3 • scattered, but more freq Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
*pour piss out of a boot v phr • scattered, but less freq Nth (MAP)
pram n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
princeton n • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
prisoner’s base n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
proboscis n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
puckerbrush n • Nth, esp nNEng
puckersnatch n • Nth, esp NEast
puddingstone n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
pudjicky adj • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
puffball n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Cent
pull v 3 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
punky adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
punt n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
push broom n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
pussy n 4 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
put up v phr 2 • esp Nth
quadrille n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
quick-and-dirty n • Nth
quick consumption n • esp Nth
quickwater n • chiefly Nth, esp ME
quill pig n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
quoit n B • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Pacific, esp NEast (MAP)
raised ppl adj 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
rake v1 B2 • chiefly Nth
rampike n • Nth
rat n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
*rawbone adj • widespread, but somewhat less freq Nth (MAP)
raw-fried potatoes n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
reach n B1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
real n • chiefly Nth, esp NY, NJ
Rebellion n • Nth, N Midl, esp NEng
reef v 1 • chiefly Nth
resin n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
ridgeboard n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
riley adj 1 • Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
rise v B3 • chiefly Nth
river drive n • chiefly Nth
river hog n • Nth
Robin Hood’s barn, go (all the way) around v phr • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, C Atl, WV (MAP)
roller broom n • esp Nth
roller towel n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West
roly-poly n 5a • chiefly Nth
root house n • chiefly Nth, esp Gt Lakes, WA (MAP)
rope n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
rotten adj 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
round ball n • Nth
round barn n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
round square n • esp Nth (MAP)
row n 4 • chiefly Nth, Atlantic, Gulf States (MAP)
rubber ice n • chiefly Nth, wN Midl (MAP)
ruffed grouse n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
rule n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
run v B9b • scattered, but more freq Nth, N Midl
runs n pl • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
run sheep run n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
saffron bread n • Nth, esp MI (MAP)
saleratus n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
salt rheum n • chiefly Nth
Samson n1 • Nth, esp NEng
sauce n B2 • chiefly Nth
saucedish n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sauerkraut n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
sauerkraut n 2 • chiefly Nth, esp NW, Upper MW (MAP)
sawbuck n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
saw-whet owl n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng, NY (MAP)
schnozzle n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
schoolmarm n • chiefly Nth
Scotch adj • esp Nth, N Midl, Plains States (MAP)
scum n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
*seed n 1 • widespread exc Nth (MAP and Map Section)
seed onion n • esp Nth
see you in church exclam • chiefly Nth, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
shakedown n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
sheeny n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
sheepshead n 6 • esp Nth, N Midl
shifty adj 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
shirttail adj 2 • esp Nth
shitepoke n B1 • chiefly Nth, Midl
shoes, throw up one’s v phr • chiefly Nth, West
short meter n 1 • chiefly Nth
shove v 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
shuck n1 1d • formerly more widepread, now esp Nth (MAP)
shuck n1 4 • scattered, but chiefly Nth (MAP)
side n2 1 • chiefly Nth, esp Pacific NW
sidehill n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
sidehill n 2c • chiefly Nth (MAP)
-sie suff • chiefly Nth, N Midl
sinker n 2b • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sire n 1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
skate n2 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
skeezicks n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
skew- pref a • chiefly Nth, CA (MAP)
skew- pref b • chiefly Nth, esp NY, MI, WI (MAP)
skijoring n • Nth, esp AK, NEast
skip v 1 • widespread, but esp freq Nth (MAP)
skite v • esp Nth, N Midl
skunk blackbird n • chiefly Nth
slapjack n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
slash v • Nth
slash n2 • chiefly Nth, nCA
slashing n 1 • Nth
*sled n • widespread exc Nth (MAP and Map Section)
slip-go-down n • Nth, esp NEng
slop v • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
sluice v • Nth, esp NEng
smoothing harrow n • scattered, but more freq Nth, esp wNEng (MAP)
snow angel n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
snowshoe n 2 • Nth
snuck n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
snuffer n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
snug adj 1 • chiefly Nth
so exclam a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West; also S Atl (MAP)
soak n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
soaker n1 • chiefly Nth, N Cent (MAP)
*soda pop n • widespread, but less freq Nth (MAP)
soldier v C • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
song sparrow n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
souse n1 C4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
span adv • chiefly Nth
spark n • Nth
speakeasy n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
spendy adj • chiefly Nth, esp NW
spider n 1 • chiefly Nth; also Mid and S Atl (MAP)
split pea soup n • chiefly Nth, Pacific (MAP)
split the wind v phr • esp freq Nth, West
spring beauty n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp N Cent, PA, Upstate NY
squeaky cheese n • chiefly Nth, esp WI
squirrel whiskey n • chiefly Nth
stage n • esp Nth, West
statues n pl 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
stitch n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
stone n Bb • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, esp NEng (MAP)
stone n Bc • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
stoneboat n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
stonebolt n • Nth
stone hedge n • Nth
storm house n 1 • Nth, esp Upstate NY, Gt Lakes (MAP)
storm porch n • chiefly Nth
storm vestibule n • chiefly Nth
stove handle n • esp Nth (MAP)
stove lid n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
straight pen n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
stump v 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
stump farm n • chiefly Nth
sucker n 6 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
sugar off v phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast
*sugar pie n • scattered exc Nth, N Midl (MAP)
sulky plow n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sumac n (pronc) • esp Nth, N Midl somewhat old-fash |ˈš(ɪ)umæk|
summer kitchen n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, exc NW (MAP)
summer wood n • chiefly Nth, West
sun dog n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
sunfish n 1a • chiefly Nth, Midl, exc NW
sure adj, adv 1 (pronc) • formerly chiefly Nth, N Midl; now more widespread
swale n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast, MI (MAP)
swamp v C1 • chiefly Nth
swamp v C2 • chiefly Nth
swamp blueberry n a • chiefly Nth
swamper n 2 • chiefly Nth
swamp grass n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
swamp hook n • chiefly Nth, esp MI, WI
swamp moss n 1 • chiefly Nth
*swap day n • scattered, but less freq Nth
Swede n 2b • chiefly Nth, esp Pacific NW
Swedish condition(er) powder n • Nth
sweeper n 1 • Nth
sweet corn n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl; also West (MAP)
swell-body (sleigh) n • Nth
swing-dingle n • Nth
switchel n • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
*sycamore n B • widespread, but less freq Nth (MAP)
tag alder n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp Gt Lakes (MAP)
tag sale n • chiefly Nth, esp sNEng, NYC
tag-tail n • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
take v B8 • esp Nth (MAP)
tamarack n 1 • chiefly Nth, West
tar n1 B2 • esp Nth
tarvia n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp MI (MAP)
team n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng
teem v 2 • scattered, but esp Nth
teenty adj • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
tell n 1 • chiefly Nth
tennis flannel n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
tent caterpillar n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
thank-you-ma'am n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
thick milk n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
thill n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
three old cat n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
three-titter n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
thundercap n • esp Nth
tick n1 2 • esp Nth (MAP)
tick n2 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP)
tiger-eye n • esp Nth
tiger lily n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, nCA (MAP)
*till prep B3 • widespread, but less freq Nth (MAP)
timber beast n • Nth, esp Pacific NW
timber wolf n 1 • chiefly Nth, West
titman n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
titman n 2 • chiefly Nth
to prep B1a • scattered, but esp freq Nth
to prep B1c • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP and Map Section)
to prep B12 • esp Nth
to adv C2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast; also Pacific (MAP)
toad n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
toad in the puddle, biggest n • chiefly Nth
toadstabber n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
toboggan n 2 • esp Nth
toes, throw up one's v phr • esp Nth
toggle v 1 • chiefly Nth, now esp NY
tog out v phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Toonerville trolley n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
top n 2 • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
toper n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
top milk n • esp Nth
top onion n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
torpedo sandwich n • orig NEast, now esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
tote v A2b • Nth, esp ME, WI
tote road n • chiefly Nth, esp ME
tote-road shagamaw n • Nth
tote team n • Nth, esp NEng, Gt Lakes
towel shower n • chiefly Nth
tracks n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
tree toad n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
tree, up a adj phr 2 • Nth
Tuesday n (pronc) • widespread, but esp Nth, N Midl |ˈtuz̩de, -̩dɪ|
tug n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Missip Valley, West (MAP and Map Section)
tumpline n • chiefly Nth
tuque n • Nth, esp Upstate NY, NEng
turkey n B1 • chiefly Nth
turkey trot n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
twitch grass n 1 • Nth, esp NEng
two old cat n 1 • chiefly Nth (MAP)
*umbrella n A2b (pronc) • widespread, but less freq Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
unsight unseen adv phr, adj phr • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
up island adv phr • Nth, esp NEast
upside-down bird n • esp Nth
variety shower n • chiefly Nth
vino n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, esp CA (MAP)
waken v • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
water n B2 • chiefly Nth
wen n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp nOH (MAP)
whee exclam • chiefly Nth
wheel v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
whinny n, v 1 • chiefly Nth, sNJ, WV (MAP)
whinny n, v 3 • esp Nth
whippletree n • chiefly Nth (MAP)
whisk broom n A2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth
whiskey jack n • Nth (MAP)
white daisy n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
white grub n • esp Nth (MAP)
white lampblack n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
white lily n • esp Nth
widow-maker n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NW
wild buckwheat n 1 • chiefly Nth
wild rice n 1 • widespread, but esp Nth
with prep, adv A3 (pronc) • also Nth
withy adj 1 • chiefly Nth
woodchuck n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
woodlot n • widespread, but esp Nth, Midl (MAP)
wood tick n 1 • scattered, but esp freq Nth, N Midl, Rocky Mts, Pacific; also W Midl (MAP)
woody adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
yah adv • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp N Cent, Upper MW, Plains States (MAP)
yap n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
Yid n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
yolk n A1 (pronc) • widespread, but esp Nth, Midl (MAP)
yonder adv, adj, n A2 (pronc) • chiefly Nth
you betcha adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA, TX; now esp Upper MW, NW (MAP)
you guys pron • orig chiefly Nth; now widespread
you guys'(s) adj phr, pron • chiefly Nth
your guys'(s) adj phr, pron • chiefly Nth, West
youse guys pron • chiefly Nth
youse guys'(s) adj phr • chiefly Nth
*zinnia n (pronc) • widespread, but less freq Nth, Pacific |ˈzinjə|
alewife n • chiefly C Atl, N Atl, Gt Lakes
anan intj • chiefly N Atl
antymire n • chiefly N Atl, C Atl, sAppalachians
anxious bench n • chiefly N Atl, Sth, S Midl
appletree-er n • N Atl coast
ass from one’s elbow, not to know one’s v phr • chiefly N Atl (MAP)
ataunto adv, adj • chiefly N Atl
athwart prep • N Atl
athwartships (of) adv • N Atl
baitfish n • chiefly Atl, esp C Atl, N Atl
bake n 2 • ?chiefly N Atl
blackfish n 1 • chiefly N and C Atl
blanket n 1 • chiefly N Atl
blink n2 • chiefly N Atl coast
bonnyclabber n • chiefly N Atl
breeze v • chiefly N Atl, C Atl
bunker n1 • N and C Atl
caboose n1 1 • esp N Atl coast
cat’s-paw n 7 • chiefly Atl, esp N Atl
civil adj 2 • N Atl
clambake n • chiefly N Atl
clam pie n • N Atl
close aboard adj phr • N Atl
clothes room n • Nth, esp N Atl
creek n1 B1 • Atlantic, esp Mid and N Atl
*davenport n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
dory n2 • chiefly N Atl (MAP)
double-ender n 1 • chiefly N Atl
dredge n1 (pronc) • chiefly N and Mid Atl, Delmarva
east’ard adv, n • N Atl
easting n • N Atl
eat v A2b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
eat v A3b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
eat dried apples v phr • Nth, esp N Atl
eel rack n • C and N Atl
egg pop n • N Atl
elastic (band) n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp N Atl (MAP)
English corn n • N Atl
English walnut n • chiefly N and C Atl, CA
escarole n • chiefly N and C Atl
*grandpa n A4 • scattered, but less freq N Atl, Pacific (MAP)
great northern diver n • chiefly N Atl, esp NY
green n 1 • chiefly N Atl
green cod n 1 • N Atl coast
grubby n 2 • Atlantic, esp N Atl
haul v 1 • chiefly N and C Atl
housen n1 1 • chiefly N Atl
kindling n • esp N and C Atl
king n 2 • esp N and C Atl (MAP)
ling n 2 • esp N Atl coast
littleneck n 1 • chiefly N Atl
*lot n 1b(2) • widespread, but less freq N Atl, West (MAP)
mixed-breed n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
mug-up n • scattered, but esp N Atl, Upper Missip Valley, AK
muskmelon n (pronc) • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
musquash n • chiefly C and N Atl, esp NEng
open-and-shut adj • chiefly N Atl (MAP)
pheasant duck n • chiefly Atlantic, esp N Atl
piss-a-bed n 1 • chiefly C and N Atl exc NEng (MAP)
plant v 3 • esp N and C Atl coast
poke n1 1b(2) • N Atl, AK
*pop n1 • widespread, but less freq N Atl, ePA, Sth, eMO, sIL (MAP)
punk n2 2 • formerly chiefly N and C Atl; now esp PA (MAP)
quahog n 1 • chiefly N Atl coast, esp MA, RI (MAP)
railbird n • chiefly N and C Atl
salt hay n • chiefly N Atl (MAP)
sand flounder n 1 • N Atl
sandworm n • chiefly N and C Atl
sea bass n 1a • chiefly N Atl
shedder n • chiefly N and Mid Atl
skimmer n 2 • N and Mid Atl
soft-shell clam n • chiefly N and C Atl (MAP)
soft-shell crab n • chiefly Delmarva, N Atl (MAP)
southward adv, adj, n (pronc) • chiefly N Atl |ˈsʌðə(r)d|
*sowbelly n • widespread, but less freq N and Mid Atl, PA, c,sCA (MAP)
*sucker n 7 • widespread, but less freq N Atl (MAP)
*tadpole n 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq N Atl, West (MAP)
thatch grass n • N Atl
thorn n • formerly N and C Atl, now widespread
*tobacco spitter n • scattered, but less freq N Atl, Gulf States, West (MAP)
tread v 1 • N and Mid Atl
*turn v C1 • widespread, but less freq N Atl (MAP)
whinny n, v 2 • esp N and C Atl
winter cress n • esp N and C Atl
woodpile n attrib • chiefly C and N Atl, esp NJ
woods fly n • esp N and C Atl, OH (MAP)
-a • chiefly wNEng south through NC (exc NYC and Philadelphia PA areas), Cent and SW
aboon prep, adv • wNC
applejack n 4 • chiefly NC
arm baby n • esp NC
baby-waker n • VA, NC
bad adj B4 • chiefly Appalachians, esp wNC, eTN
baldhead n 3 • chiefly VA, NC
banker n 1 • chiefly NC
baseborn adj • chiefly Delmarva, wNC
bay n1 3 • SC, NC
be v C2b • chiefly NEng, NY, nPA; also Sth, esp eVA, eNC
beach robin n • esp NC
blind v 1 • NC
blowing fly n • esp NC, VA
bluetail hawk n • esp KY, sIN, NC
bob jack n • chiefly NC
boomer n1 1 • chiefly sAppalachians, esp eTN, wNC
bottled drink n • chiefly Sth, esp NC
break n1 1 • chiefly VA, NC
Brunswick stew n • chiefly Sth, esp VA, NC, GA (MAP)
buffalo n B1 • chiefly C Atl, NC (MAP)
candy stew n • KY, NC, VA
carpet, on the adj phr • Sth, S Midl, esp NC, TX, AR (MAP)
climb v 2c • chiefly Midl, esp VA, NC
climb v 2e • esp VA, NC
co-cow v phr • NC
cotton plow n • NC
country ham n • chiefly KY, NC, VA
Croatan n • NC, SC
damper n 1 • Mid Atl, esp eNC (MAP)
devil’s shoestring n 2 • chiefly NC
drop net n • esp NC
elbow, go (all) around one’s v phr • chiefly SE, esp NC (MAP)
eyeball n 1 • NC, SC
fifty-o n • NC
fire-lighting vbl n • esp NC (MAP)
flowerpot n 1 • chiefly VA, NC
gee-haw whimm(e)y-diddle n • sAppalachians, esp wNC
hicatee n • NC
hickey n1 3 • esp eNC
high adj (pronc) • NC
jimmy n 3 • Chesapeake Bay, VA and NC coasts
John Canoe n • NC
johnny gaugghy n • NC
jumping mullet n 1 • chiefly Mid Atl, esp NC
juniper n 2c • esp NC
knee baby n • Sth, S Midl, esp NC
laurel n 3 • chiefly sAppalachians, esp NC
liver mush n • NC, SC, GA, TN
lodging n • chiefly eNC, Delmarva
ma n A4 (pronc) • esp NC
maggot-eater n • NC, VA
make v1 D11 • esp GA, NC
mammock v 3 • esp NC
maninose n • chiefly Delmarva, NC
May pea n • now esp NC
monkey n1 B4a • SC, NC
muddle n • esp eNC
mutton-ham sail n • eNC
nullify v • esp eNC
on prep B10 • NC
oniony adj • chiefly NC, VA (MAP and Map Section)
packhouse n • esp GA, NC, eSC, VA (MAP)
peawood n • wNC, eTN
pestle-tail n • esp NC
piece meal n • esp NC, VA, WV, Ohio Valley
pine-bark stew n • NC, SC
pink in v phr • NC
plunder n 2b • esp KY, NC
pocosin n • chiefly NC, VA, MD
pony penning n • coastal VA, NC
popcracker n • VA, NC
poplar-leaf snake n • esp NC
potato riffle n • esp NC
robin n 2 • esp NC
robin n 3 • esp NC
rosemary pine n • chiefly Sth, esp NC
Russian rat n • NC
sailor’s choice n 1a • esp NC, SC
Sally Lunn n 1 • esp NC, VA (MAP)
sand fiddler n • Sth, esp NC
sea chicken n • esp NC
sea mullet n 1 • esp NC
Shawnee haw n • chiefly NC
she-balsam n • esp NC
silver cloud n • esp eTN, wNC
slick n 3 • wNC, eTN
slick n 8 • wNC, eTN
slipe n • esp NC, VA
sochan n • chiefly wNC
soda dope n • esp NC
son n • esp NC
sora n 1 • formerly chiefly VA, NC; now more widespread
stick gig n • chiefly NC, VA
stock house n • esp NC
stump-hole liquor n • Sth, S Midl, esp NC, SC (MAP)
Sunday baby n • esp NC
swamp turtle n 1 • esp NC
sweet Betsy n 1 • esp NC, TN
sweet pitcher plant n • esp NC, SC
swipe net n • NC
table tapper n • esp GA, SC, eNC
tar kiln n a • scattered, but esp NC
they exclam • esp NC, GA
thrift n 2 • esp NC, GA
tisswood n 2 • chiefly wNC, eTN
toddick n • chiefly NC
tom thumb n 1 • chiefly NC
tow bag n • formerly widespread, now esp NC (MAP)
trash mover n 2 • SE, esp NC, SC
travel v • esp NC
Virginia mullet n • chiefly NC
wahoo n1 3 • NC, TN, KY, VA
whirlygust n • esp NC, TN
whiz oak n • NC
widdie intj • chiefly S Midl, esp NC
wing n (pronc) • esp NC |hwɪŋ, (h)weŋ, wɛŋ|
worriation n • chiefly Mid Atl, esp SC, NC
yaupon n • chiefly Mid Atl, esp NC
yellowtail n 3 • esp NC
Old Buck n • Outer Banks NC
adder’s tongue n 1 • chiefly NEast and N Cent (MAP)
all adj2 • chiefly PA, also N Cent (MAP)
American fried potatoes n pl 1 • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent (MAP)
baby cab n • chiefly N Cent
black hornet n • chiefly N Cent, esp MI
black man n 2 • chiefly N Cent, Cent (MAP)
blue flag n • chiefly NEast, N Cent
boulevard n 1 • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent (MAP)
box-elder bug n • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent (MAP)
brooder house n • widespread exc West; esp freq N Cent (MAP)
brought up in a barn adj phr • scattered, but esp freq NEast, N Cent (MAP)
buck n1 3a • ?esp N Cent, Upper MW
*buffet n A2 (pronc) • widespread, but least freq NEast, N Cent
bull nettle n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Cent, TX, LA (MAP)
bunco n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent (MAP)
burg n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Cent (MAP)
burr oak n • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, Cent (MAP)
buttermilk sky n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Inland Sth (MAP)
butterprint n • esp N Cent
can n 3c • chiefly NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
capsheaf n 1 • chiefly N Cent (MAP)
catish adj • chiefly N Cent
cat-licker n • chiefly N Cent (MAP)
cellarway n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
cluck adj • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW
cluck n 1 • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
cockleburr n 1 • widespread, but chiefly N Cent,Upper MW, West (MAP)
creep v B1 • widespread, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
crimp v 3 • chiefly N Cent, PA, NY (MAP)
crimper n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, PA, NY (MAP)
cruiser n 3 • chiefly NEng, N Cent, Mid Atl (MAP)
cruller n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
danke schoen exclam • scattered, but esp N Cent, NEast (MAP)
dip n1 5 • scattered, but esp N Cent (MAP)
dornick n 1a • formerly more widespread; now esp N Cent, PA (MAP)
Dutch town n • esp N Cent
eh interrog exclam • chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
euchre n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp N Cent (MAP)
eversharp n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Upper MW, KS, MO (MAP)
express wagon n • chiefly NEng, N Cent, West (MAP)
extension club n • chiefly Cent, N Cent
face fly n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp N Cent
far piece n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, N Cent (MAP)
fast train n • chiefly N Cent, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
*faucet n B2 • widespread, but less freq NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
feather party n • N Cent
feeder n 5 • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent, SE (MAP)
feedlot n • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW
feest adj • chiefly in Du settlement areas, esp NY, N Cent
fire iron n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl, N Cent (MAP)
fix v B1e • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, N Cent (MAP)
foxtail n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, West (MAP)
fresh fried potatoes n pl • esp N Cent (MAP)
frog n B2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Pacific (MAP)
fuss-button n • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
gee horse n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Gt Lakes (MAP)
German potato salad n • chiefly Gt Lakes, N Cent, esp WI (MAP)
get up there v phr • scattered, but esp N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
goosetown n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Upper MW
gopher n1 2b(1) • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, Rocky Mts
gopher n1 2c • chiefly N Cent, esp KY
grab onto v phr • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent (MAP)
grandpa n A8 • esp NEast, N Cent
grease ant n • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, CA (MAP)
gully n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
hall tree n • scattered, but esp N Cent, MO (MAP)
hard-shell turtle n • chiefly N Cent, Cent, Gulf States (MAP)
heaves n pl • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
hedge n • chiefly N Cent, Cent (MAP)
*highway n • widespread, but less freq N Cent, NEast, C Atl (MAP)
hip-roofed barn n • chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
hog house n 1a • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent; also S Midl (MAP)
hold v C2b • esp N Cent
hole n 10d • scattered, but esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
hopper n 1 • chiefly West, N Cent (MAP)
horse n B7 • chiefly Atlantic, N Cent
horse pulling n • esp N Cent, NEast
husking vbl n 2a • esp NEng, N Cent (MAP)
inchworm n • widespread, but esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
jam v 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP and Map Section)
John Hancock n • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent (MAP and Map Section)
Johnny Marzetti n • scattered, but esp OH, N Cent
June bug n 3 • esp N Cent
junker n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
kike n • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
knee-deep n • esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
knick-knock n • esp N Cent
knob n 1 • widespread, but more freq N Cent, Appalachians (MAP)
*knock v 1 • scattered exc N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
kuchen n • Ger settlement areas, esp N Cent, PA (MAP)
leatherback n 2 • esp N Cent
light-fingered adj • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
longear n 1 • chiefly N Cent, West (MAP)
love child n • scattered, but more freq NEast, N Cent, Mid Atl (MAP)
low-test adj • chiefly NEast, Mid Atl, N Cent (MAP)
macadam n 1 • widespread, but chiefly NEast, Mid Atl, N Cent (MAP)
mandrake n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
mantel n • esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
May bug n 1 • esp N Cent (MAP)
meat platter n • chiefly N Cent, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
mib n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
milk snake n 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
mister n 1 • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, PA (MAP)
morel n2 • chiefly N Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
mud duck n 1 • chiefly Midl, N Cent (MAP)
mushroom n (pronc) • chiefly NEast, Midl, N Cent (MAP)
New England (boiled) dinner n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
nib n2 1 • chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
nigger v 1 • esp NEast, N Cent
off adj D2 • scattered, but somewhat more freq NEast, N Cent (MAP)
old cat n 1 • N Cent, Plains States (MAP)
Ole Ole Olson all in free exclam • chiefly N Cent, Pacific; also NEast (MAP)
*overseer n 2 • formerly chiefly NEast; now scattered, but less freq N Cent, NEast (MAP)
overtown adv, n • chiefly NEast, N Cent
oxeye daisy n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, sAppalachians
pa n A1 (pronc) • widespread, but esp NEast, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
paper wasp n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
parking n 2a • chiefly NW, Plains States, IA; also N Cent, sCA (MAP)
parlor n B1 • scattered, but esp C Atl, N Cent, NW (MAP)
peeper n1 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
penoche n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
p.g. adj • chiefly west of Missip R, N Cent (MAP)
picker n 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent
pickerelweed n • esp NEast, N Cent
pick up v phr 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
pig house n 1 • esp N Cent, Upper MW
pike perch n • chiefly NEast, N Cent
pill n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NCent, Cent, West (MAP)
pinch bug n • chiefly N Midl, N Cent (MAP)
piss elm n • chiefly N Cent, Missip Valley, Upstate NY (MAP)
pitchfork n 3c • chiefly N Cent, Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
please interrog exclam • chiefly N Cent, esp OH
poison sumac n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, W Midl (MAP)
pooh out v phr • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
pound sand down a rathole v phr 1 • chiefly west of Missip R, N Cent, Upstate NY (MAP)
powder n B • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Appalachians (MAP)
pricker n • NEast, N Cent
puffball n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Cent
pussley n 1a • scattered, but esp freq NEast, NCent, Atlantic (MAP)
redhorse n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
rotten adj 1 • scattered, but esp C Atl, N Cent (MAP)
rounders n pl 1 • esp N Cent
rum n3 • NCent, PA (MAP)
sandburr n 1 • chiefly West, Upper MW, N Cent, C Atl
sauce n (pronc) • chiefly Inland Nth, N Cent, West |sɑs|
saucer n B2 • esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
sauerbraten n • esp N Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
scavenger hunt n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
scholar n • scattered, but esp Atlantic, N Cent (MAP)
scour v • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, Cent
scratch pad n • esp N Cent
scrub n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, TX, Gulf States (MAP)
sea foam n 1 • esp PA, Mid and C Atl, N Cent (MAP)
semi n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, West (MAP)
shagbark hickory n • chiefly NEng, N Cent, sAppalachians (MAP)
shank’s pony n • chiefly N Cent, Pacific (MAP)
shanty Irish n pl • chiefly NEast, N Cent
share farmer n • esp PA, N Cent (MAP)
shellbark hickory n • esp NJ, PA, WV, N Cent (MAP)
shilling n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
shuck v1 1c • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
siehst du interrog exclam • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
sill cock n • chiefly NEng, N Cent (MAP)
sizzler n 3 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
slam n 1 • esp N Cent, Gt Lakes (MAP)
smartweed n • widespread, but chiefly Midl, N Cent, Cent (MAP)
snag n 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent
sneaker n 1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq NEast, N Cent (MAP)
soaker n1 • chiefly Nth, N Cent (MAP)
soft maple n • chiefly wNEng, Upstate NY, nPA, N Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
sponge mushroom n • chiefly N Cent, IA (MAP)
spook yeast n • chiefly N Cent
spring beauty n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp N Cent, PA, Upstate NY
straw shed n 2 • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent
stump mushroom n • esp N Cent
submarine sandwich n • orig scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, C Atl; now widespread (MAP)
sugar camp n • chiefly N Cent, WV, wPA (MAP)
sugar melon n • esp N Cent
swamp buttercup n • chiefly N Cent
swamp elm n • scattered, but esp NEast, N Cent
syrup camp n • esp N Cent, NEast
syrup grove n • esp N Cent
ted v • chiefly NEast, N Cent, cAppalachians (MAP)
tedder n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, cAppalachians (MAP)
thrash machine n • scattered, but esp Upper Missip Valley, N Cent (MAP)
timber lot n • esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
toot v, n3 • chiefly N Cent, W Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
top n 3 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
transformation n • chiefly Atlantic, N Cent (MAP)
tree strip n • esp N Cent
trunk n 2 • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, esp WI (MAP)
turnpike v • chiefly NEast, N Cent
twister n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
two-step n • esp N Cent, West (MAP)
ugly adj B2 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, TN (MAP)
umbrella plant n a • chiefly N Cent, PA (MAP)
vinegar fly n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
visitation n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent (MAP)
wake-robin n 3 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Mid Atl (MAP)
*walk-up adj • chiefly NEast exc NEng, N Cent (MAP)
wallet n 2 • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent; also Sth, West (MAP)
wamus n • chiefly N Cent, PA (MAP)
warm sugar n • NEast, N Cent
warty toad n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
wheat cake n • chiefly N Cent, NEast (exc NEng) (MAP)
whichaway(s) adv • scattered, but more freq Sth, Midl, TX, N Cent (MAP)
whopper-jawed adj 1 • chiefly C and Mid Atl, SE, N Cent (MAP)
wienie n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, N Cent, West (MAP)
wine plant n • esp NEast, N Cent
winter squash n • scattered, but esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
witch v • chiefly N Cent, Cent, nCA (MAP)
witch yeast n • esp N Cent
woods kitty n • esp N Cent
woods pussy n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
woolly bear n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
X's-and-O's n • esp N Cent, PA, WV (MAP)
yah adv • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp N Cent, Upper MW, Plains States (MAP)
bluff n1 b • chiefly ND, WI
Chicago n B2 • WI, MN, ND
Christmas fool n • WI, MN, ND, areas of Norw settlement
coulee n 1c • chiefly WI, MN, MT, ND, WY
farmhand n • NW, ND, SD
flickertail n 2 • chiefly Upper MW, esp ND
hot dish n 1 • esp MI, WI, MN, ND (MAP)
house n, v (pronc) • nND, MN
hunyak n 2 • MT, ND, SD, WY
julebukk n • WI, MN, ND in Norw settlement areas
limpa n • chiefly IL, MN, ND, WI
sand grass n 1c • ND, Plains States
slushburger n • ND, SD
stone johnny n • esp ND, SD
stubbleberry n • esp ND, SD
adder n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, NEast; rare in West (MAP)
adder n 3a • chiefly east of Missip R, esp NEast
adder’s flower n • prob NEast
adder’s tongue n 1 • chiefly NEast and N Cent (MAP)
aggravate v B • largely avoided as nonstd in NEast
airtight n 1 • chiefly NEast
airy adj1 1 • chiefly Sth, NEast (MAP)
all day with one, be v phr • chiefly NEast
alley n2 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
*anti-over n, exclam • widespread, but least freq NEast, Gulf States
Arctic owl n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
ash breeze n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
ash can n 2 • chiefly NEast
ass-wiper n • NEast
bag of meal n • NEast
*banana pepper n • widely scattered exc NEast, West (MAP)
bare-ass(ed) adj, adv • chiefly NEast (MAP)
bark n2 5 • chiefly NEast
barn ball n • chiefly NEast
basement n 1 • widespread, but least common in NEast (MAP)
bay n1 1 • chiefly NEast
bay lynx n • NEast
be v B1a(1) • chiefly NEast, Sth
be v B1d • chiefly NEast
beach plum n • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
beat one down v phr • chiefly east of Missip R, but esp NEast (MAP)
belay v • chiefly NEast coast
belly-bunk n, adv • NEast
belly-gut n, v, adv 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, PA (MAP)
belly-whacker n, adv • chiefly NEast, esp NY
bender n 1 • esp NEast
bill n2 • NEast
*billfold n • widespread, but least freq in NEast, Pacific (MAP)
birch beer n • NEast
bird’s nest n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
black ash n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
blackcap n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
black cat n 1 • NEast
black duck n 1 • chiefly NEast, Mid and C Atl (MAP)
black fly n • chiefly NEast
black frost n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, C and S Atl, CA (MAP)
black ice n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
black ice n 2 • chiefly NEast, Rocky Mts and Pacific, esp WA, OR
black Protestant n • chiefly NEast
blat n, v 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP and Map Section)
blind n 1 • chiefly Sth, NEast (MAP)
*blind n 2 • widespread, but least freq NEast, Sth (MAP)
blinger n • chiefly NEast
blue as a whetstone adj phr • chiefly NEast
blue flag n • chiefly NEast, N Cent
bluegrass n 2 • chiefly NEast
blue hubbard squash n • esp NEast
bob n3 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
bob calf n • NEast (MAP)
bob veal n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY
bog grass n • chiefly NEast
bogtrotter n 3 • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
bologna n • chiefly NEast and West
bonnyclabber cheese n • scattered NEast
*born in a barn adj phr • widespread exc in NEast (MAP)
bosh n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
Boston cracker n • NEast, esp NEng
boys exclam • chiefly NEast
bran sack n • NEast
bright n 1 • NEast
brimstone match n • chiefly NEast
brook n • orig chiefly NEng, now widespread but esp common NEast (MAP)
brother n A4 • esp NEast
brought up in a barn adj phr • scattered, but esp freq NEast, N Cent (MAP)
brush broom n2 • chiefly NEast, esp upstate NY (MAP)
bubble and squeak n • chiefly NEast
bucker n1 1 • chiefly NEast
bucket n 2b • Nth, esp NEast
buddy adj • chiefly NEast
*buffet n A2 (pronc) • widespread, but least freq NEast, N Cent
bug n1 5a • chiefly NEast (MAP)
bullnose pepper n • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bunch n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
bundle v1 C1 • chiefly NEast
burr n1 2a • esp NEast
bus n1 B • chiefly NEast (MAP)
bush hook n • chiefly Sth, NEast (MAP)
butter and sugar corn n • NEast
butter tub, sit in a v phr • NEast
buttonball n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
buttonwood n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
cabbage n B2 • chiefly NEast, Sth (MAP)
calling hours n pl • chiefly NEast, also OH, IN (MAP)
callithumpian n • chiefly NEast
calm n, adj, v (pronc) • in NEast
camp n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gulf States
can n 3c • chiefly NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
Canada plum n • NEast
candy pulling n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast, CA (MAP)
canker rash n • chiefly NEast
Canuck n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
cape-race n • NEast
capsheaf n 2 • chiefly NEast
cart v 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
cat n 3a • chiefly NEast, esp NY
catamount n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast
*catawampus adj 1 • widely scattered exc NEast (MAP)
cellar kitchen n • chiefly NEast
cellarway n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
certain adj, adv (pronc) • esp NEast, Sth, S Midl
chain lightning n • chiefly NEast, West
chair n (pronc) • NEast and Mid Atl
chalk-line n • NEast
chank v • chiefly W Midl, NEast
charge v B3 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
*Charley horse n • widespread, but least freq NEast and Sth
cheese pumpkin n • NEast
chic sale(s) n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Midl, West (MAP)
chill v • chiefly NEast
chip dirt n • chiefly NEast
chipmunk n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast, though becoming more widespread
chipping sparrow n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
chopping vbl n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
Christmas intj • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
chuck v 1 • scattered, but esp freq NEast (MAP)
chunked adj 1 • chiefly NEast
cinch n1 2 • scattered, but esp NEast, Atlantic
clapboard n, v • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
clobber n1 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
clothespress n 2 • chiefly NEast, eN Midl (MAP)
clothes tree n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
coal v • chiefly NEast
cobb n2 • NEast
cobble n1 1 • chiefly NEast and West
cobble n2 • NEast
cobblestone n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
cockeyed adj 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
cocksfoot grass n • NEast
co-day v phr • chiefly NEast, MI (MAP)
codfish aristocracy n • chiefly NEast
codfish ball n • chiefly NEast
coffin-carrier n • NEast coast
co-jack v phr • chiefly NEast
cold cellar n • NEast (MAP)
cold-water n attrib • chiefly NEast
cold-water flat n • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
colony house n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
come again v phr • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
*come fresh v phr • scattered exc NEast (MAP)
comfortable n B2 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
conductor (pipe) n • Nth, esp NEast
corky adj • chiefly NEast
corn broom n • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
corn oyster n • esp NEast
cornstarch pudding n • chiefly NEast
cottage n • chiefly NEast
cottage pudding n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
couch grass n 1 • chiefly NEast
cove n1 1b • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Mid Atl (MAP)
cowboy n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
cow corn n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
cow pass n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
cowslip n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
coydog n • Nth, esp NEast
crack n 2 • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
cranberry bean n • scattered, but esp NEast, S Atl
creamery n • chiefly NEast
creep v B1 • widespread, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
creeper n 7 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
cross-lot(s) adv • chiefly NEast (MAP)
crow duck n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
cruller n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
curd n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Gulf States, S Atl, NEast (MAP)
cushion n (pronc) • esp in NEast
cusk n 2 • NEast, esp ME
danke schoen exclam • scattered, but esp N Cent, NEast (MAP)
darning needle n 1 • chiefly NEast, Inland Nth, West (MAP)
dear intj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
devil’s paintbrush n 1 • chiefly NEast
do v A3 (pronc) • chiefly NEast
doctor v 4 • NEast
*dog n1 B3 • scattered, but less freq NEast, Upper MW, NW (MAP)
dog grass n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp RI
donation party n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast
door n (pronc) • chiefly NEast
double house n 2 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Midl (MAP)
*doubletree n • widespread exc NEast (MAP and Map Section)
*doughball n 2 • scattered, but less freq NEast, C and S Atl, Pacific (MAP)
down cellar adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
downfall n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
down under n 1 • chiefly NEast
dowser n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
dowsing rod n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
dozy adj • chiefly NEast, esp ME
draft n1 B3 • chiefly NEast
dragon arum n • chiefly NEast
dresser n • esp NEast
dribs and drabs n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
drop reaper n • esp NEast
dry off v phr 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
dry wall n • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
duck v 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast
duff n 4 • NEast, Pacific NW
*Dutch adj 1 • scattered, but less freq Sth, NEast
earlapper n 1 • NEast
egg n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast
eh interrog exclam • chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
eight-hooter n • esp NEast
either adj, adv, pron, conj (pronc) • esp urban areas of the NEast
ell n1 1 • widespread, but most freq NEast, least freq West
English grass n • chiefly NEast
English hay n • NEast
-er • chiefly S Midl; also NEast
eyelids, hang by one’s v phr • NEast, esp NEng
facecloth n • chiefly NEast, Sth
fall away v phr 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast
fallow n (pronc) • esp NEast
fallow n B • chiefly NEast
fall snipe n • chiefly NEast
fantastic n • chiefly NEast, Sth
farrow adj • chiefly NEast
farzino phr • NEast
fatback n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEast (MAP)
*faucet n B2 • widespread, but less freq NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
fearnought n • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
find v B1 • chiefly NEast, S Atl
firkin n • esp NEast
fish v C4 • esp NEast
fish and game club n • chiefly NEast
five-and-ten n 1 • widespread, but more freq NEast, C Atl
flagroot n • esp NEast
flat n1 1e • chiefly NEast, West (MAP)
flat n1 8 • NEast
flatjack n • chiefly NEast
flea in one’s ear n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
flesh up v phr • chiefly NEast
float v 2 • NEast
flop n 7 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
flyspatter n • chiefly NEast
fogo n • chiefly NEast
follow v (pronc) • esp NEast
food sale n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
fool n2 • esp NEast
foolish adj 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
footing n • esp NEast
fore-and-after n 1 • chiefly NEast
forty-five n 1 • NEast
frail n 1 • chiefly S Midl, NEast (MAP)
frankfurt n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
freehearted adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
freeze on to v phr • chiefly NEast, S Midl
fritter n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
frog n B2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Pacific (MAP)
frostbird n 1a • esp NEast
frostfish n 1 • chiefly NEast
fuddy-dud n • chiefly NEast
fuss-pot n 1 • chiefly NEast exc nNEng (MAP)
gain, on the adj phr • Nth, esp NEast
gate night n • esp NEast
gaup v 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
giant steps n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
Gill-over-the-ground n • scattered, but esp NEast
gin mill n • esp NEast
glue n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
*gob n1 2 • widespread, but less freq NEast (MAP)
goldfinch n 2 • NEast
goldthread n 1 • chiefly NEast
golumpki n pl • chiefly NEast
gorge n1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Appalachians, Gt Lakes, SW (MAP)
go to business v phr • NEast, esp NY
grandpa n A8 • esp NEast, N Cent
grange n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
grass n 1 • chiefly NEast, Pacific (MAP)
grass scythe n • esp NEast
gravy n 1 • chiefly NEast
greaseball n 1 • esp NEast
greenback n 1 • esp NEast
griddle n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp Upstate NY, VT (MAP)
grig n1 • esp NEast
*groomsman n • widespread exc NEast, West (MAP)
ground cedar n 2 • chiefly NEast, Pacific NW, AK
ground robin n 1 • chiefly NEast
*grubworm n 1 • widespread exc NEast, Pacific (MAP)
Guinea n1 3 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
*Guinea n1 5 • widespread exc NEast, Pacific (MAP)
gully n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
gully n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
haily-over n, exclam • esp NEast, OH (MAP and Map Section)
hain’t v • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
hall rack n • esp NEast, OH
hamburg n 1 • chiefly NEast, C Atl, OH, MI (MAP)
hardhead n 2a • NEast, esp NEng
harp n 3 • chiefly NEast
hatchel n 1 • chiefly NEast
hatchway n • chiefly NEast, OH (MAP)
hat tree n • chiefly NEast
hawk v2 • scattered, but esp NEast, S Midl
hay barrack n • chiefly NEast, C Atl
hayrig n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
header n 3 • scattered, but esp NEast, Upper Missip Valley
heaves n pl • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
hebe n • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
hedgehog n 2 • chiefly NEast, C Atl
heinie n1 1 • chiefly NEast, West (MAP)
hen harrier n • NEast
hennery n a • chiefly NEast (MAP)
hepatica n • chiefly NEast, N Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
*her pron B1 • scattered, but less freq NEast
hey interrog exclam 2 • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
hide-and-coop n • chiefly NEast
high-jack v a • esp NEast
*highway n • widespread, but less freq N Cent, NEast, C Atl (MAP)
hip-roofed barn n • chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
hitch n1 1 • esp NEast
hobblebush n • esp NEast
hoe out v phr • NEast
*hog n B1a • widespread, but least freq Pacific, NEast
*hog fence n • scattered, but less freq NEast
hog’s head cheese n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast, esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
hoist n D1 • chiefly NEast
hold v C1b • chiefly NEast, Mid Atl (MAP)
hole n 9a • esp NEast (MAP)
hole n 10d • scattered, but esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
home fried potatoes n pl • chiefly NEast, OH (MAP and Map Section)
homely adj (pronc) • esp NEast
hopper n 4 • esp NEast
hoptoad n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
horning n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp Upstate NY, nPA (MAP)
horse mackerel n 1 • NEast
horse pulling n • esp N Cent, NEast
horse stable n • chiefly NEast, C Atl, eGt Lakes (MAP)
hot cross bun n • esp NEast (MAP)
hot-weather bug n • esp NEast, Mid Atl
hubbly adj • chiefly NEast
huckster n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, C Atl, NEast exc nNEng (MAP)
Hull’s Victory n • NEast
hurricane n A1a • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp NEast
inchworm n • widespread, but esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
Indian pipe n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
Indian tobacco n 4 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
instead adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast
into prep B1 • chiefly NEast, S Atl
Italian pepper n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
Italian sandwich n • NEast, esp ME (MAP)
ivory n2 • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
ivy n 5 • esp NEast
jack v 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP and Map Section)
jacklight v • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
jam v 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP and Map Section)
jelly doughnut n • widespread, but esp freq NEast, S Atl, CA (MAP)
Jersey mosquito n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
Jerusalem, going to n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast; infreq West (MAP)
Jewish bread n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
jimmies n pl2 • esp NEast
Joe-Pye weed n 1 • chiefly NEast, Mid Atl (MAP)
John Bull n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
John Hancock n • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent (MAP and Map Section)
*John Henry n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEast, OH (MAP and Map Section)
Judas n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
jugarum n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
jumper n 7a • Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
June grass n 1c • esp NEast, Gt Lakes
junker n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
keeler n • chiefly NEast, Mid Atl
keel over v phr • esp NEast
keg n, v A1 (pronc) • chiefly NEast, S Midl, Sth
kerosene oil n • scattered, but esp SE, NEast (MAP and Map Section)
kettle n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, also NEast (MAP)
kick the stick n • esp NEast
kielbasa n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp in Polish settlement areas
kike n • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
kitchen chamber n • NEast, esp NEng
kitten n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
knee-deep n • esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
lace v 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
ladies’-tobacco n b • NEast
ladies’ tresses n pl • scattered, but chiefly NEast
lamplighter n 1 • chiefly NEast
lamplighter n 2 • NEast
landlocked salmon n 1 • NEast, esp NEng
last run of shad n • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
law n1 (pronc) • esp NEast
law n2, intj • now chiefly Sth, S Midl, formerly also NEast
lay n1 2a • esp NEast
lay out v phr 2b • esp NEast
leverwood n1 • esp NEast
licking good adj phr • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
lie v1 3 • esp NEast, Midl (MAP)
lief adv • chiefly NEast, Midl
light-fingered adj • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
lily pad n 1 • formerly chiefly NEast, now widespread
ling n 1b • chiefly NEast
little mite, a adv phr • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
loam n (pronc) • scattered, but more freq NEast
lobber v • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp Upstate NY, CT, MI (MAP and Map Section)
log v 1 • esp NEast
lollipop n 1a • widespread, but esp freq NEast (MAP and Map Section)
long clam n 1 • chiefly NEast
long jeans n pl • scattered, but esp C Atl, NEast (MAP)
long sled n • esp NEast
loo v, n1 • chiefly NEast, N Midl
lop v1 2 • esp NEast
lot n 2 • formerly chiefly NEast; now more widespread
love child n • scattered, but more freq NEast, N Cent, Mid Atl (MAP)
low-test adj • chiefly NEast, Mid Atl, N Cent (MAP)
lozenger n • scattered, but chiefly NEast
*ma n A2 (pronc) • widespread, but less freq NEast (MAP)
macadam n 1 • widespread, but chiefly NEast, Mid Atl, N Cent (MAP)
mackerel sky n • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
make of v phr • chiefly NEast
mandrake n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
mantel n • esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
maple bush n • esp NEast
maple camp n • esp NEast, Gt Lakes
maple cream n • esp NEast, Gt Lakes
maple honey n • esp NEast
maple molasses n • esp NEast
maple wax n • esp NEast, Gt Lakes
market-wagon n • esp NEast
mauger adj • NEast
*mayapple n 1 • widespread exc West; less freq NEast, Sth (MAP)
mayflower n 1 • chiefly NEast
mayflower n 3d • chiefly NEast
maywings n • esp NEast
meadow n B1 • chiefly NEast
meadow hen n 1 • chiefly NEast
meadow mole n 1 • esp NEast
mean adj 3 • esp NEast
meeting n 1a • chiefly NEast, S Midl
mercury n 1 • NEast, esp ME
mess n 1a • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl
mib n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
Mick n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
midge n 2 • chiefly NEast
midget n 1 • NEast, esp NEng
mighty adj • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, NEast
milch cow n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
*milk cow n • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
milking cow n • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
milk snake n 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
mince pie n • esp NEast (MAP)
mistrust v • esp NEast
moccasin flower n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
mog v 1 • chiefly NEast
mongrel n (pronc) • widespread, but esp NEast (MAP)
moose flower n • NEast
Mother Carey’s chicken n 1 • esp NEast
moth fly n 1 • esp NEast
*mouth harp n 1 • scattered, but less freq NEast, W Midl (MAP and Map Section)
move-up n • esp Ohio Valley, NEast (MAP)
moxie n 2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
mud wasp n • chiefly NEast; also Inland Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
*mumblety-peg n 2 • widespread, but less freq NEast, C Atl (MAP)
mushroom n (pronc) • chiefly NEast, Midl, N Cent (MAP)
musky adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl; scattered NEast (MAP)
mux v • esp NEast
nail n 1 • esp NEast
nana n1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
nape n (pronc) • esp NEast, Sth, S Midl
*narrow adj, v, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, less freq NEast
nasty-neat adj • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
*nasty-nice adj • scattered, but less freq NEast (MAP)
nature n (pronc) • chiefly NEast, S Midl
nauseated ppl adj (pronc) • esp NEast
*navy bean n • widespread, but less freq NEast (MAP)
near adj C • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
nerved up adj phr • chiefly NEast (MAP)
New England (boiled) dinner n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
nib n2 1 • chiefly N Cent, NEast (MAP)
*nicker n1, v • widespread exc NEast, Gt Lakes; less freq S Atl (MAP and Map Section)
nigger v 1 • esp NEast, N Cent
nigh horse n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
night walker n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
nipsy n • chiefly NEast
no-account adj • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Midl (MAP)
nodding lily n • esp NEast
noddy n 3 • NEast
none pron (pronc) • esp NEast
Norway pine n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp MI, WI, MN (MAP)
notch n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
*notch n 2 • scattered, but less freq NEast, West (MAP)
o-be-joyful n • scattered, but esp NEast
of prep Bh • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast
of prep C2 • chiefly NEast
of prep C4 • widespread, but esp NEast, eN Midl (MAP)
off adj D2 • scattered, but somewhat more freq NEast, N Cent (MAP)
off ox n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
oiled road n • scattered, but chiefly West, NEast (MAP)
oil of hazel n • esp NEast
Ole Ole Olson all in free exclam • chiefly N Cent, Pacific; also NEast (MAP)
*out n F2a • scattered exc NEast, C Atl (MAP)
out n F3 • chiefly NEast
out prep E • chiefly Sth, Midl; also NEast (MAP)
oven n 2 • chiefly NEast, OH, MI, CA (MAP)
*overseer n 2 • formerly chiefly NEast; now scattered, but less freq N Cent, NEast (MAP)
overstreet adv • chiefly NEast
overtown adv, n • chiefly NEast, N Cent
oxeye daisy n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, sAppalachians
pa n A1 (pronc) • widespread, but esp NEast, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
*pa n A2 (pronc) • widespread exc NEast (MAP)
pad n2 3 • widespread, but esp NEast (MAP)
paddy n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, esp NEast (MAP)
painted trillium n • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
pan-fried potatoes n pl • chiefly NEast, Midl (MAP)
panhagen n • NEast
panther n C1 • widespread, but chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
pantod n • NEast
paper wasp n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
paring bee n • chiefly NEast
parkway n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, CT, NJ (MAP)
partridge n B2 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
partridge woodpecker n • esp NEast
payoff n • esp NEast (MAP)
pea bean n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
pea soup n 1 • chiefly NEast, nGt Lakes (MAP)
peeler n2 1 • chiefly NEast
peeper n1 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
peggy n1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
penny social n • esp NEast
penoche n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
pepperidge n • chiefly NEast
perch bug n • chiefly NEast
piano n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl, NEast |paɪˈænə, piˈænɪ, piˈjænɚ|
piazza n • chiefly NEast, S Atl (MAP)
picker n 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent
pickerel n 2b • chiefly NEast
pickerelweed n • esp NEast, N Cent
pick up v phr 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
*picture show n • widespread, but less freq NEast, C Atl, Pacific (MAP)
*piddle v 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
pig n1 B16 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
piggery n 1 • esp NEast (MAP)
*pigtail exclam a • scattered, but less freq NEast, S Atl (MAP)
pike perch n • chiefly NEast, N Cent
pinkster n 2 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, NJ
*pinto bean n • orig chiefly SW, but now widely scattered exc NEast (MAP)
pismire n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
*piss ant n 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq NEast, Gulf States (MAP)
pitchfork n 3b • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
plague n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEast (MAP)
play-toy n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pluck n 1 • esp NEast, C Atl
poison n, v, adj, adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEast..|ˈpaɪz(ə)n|
*poison oak n 1 • widespread, but slightly less freq NEast (MAP)
poison sumac n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, W Midl (MAP)
poke v3 • esp NEast
Polander n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
pole n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
polish up v phr • scattered, but esp Inland Sth, W Midl; also NEast (MAP)
*poor boy n 1 • orig New Orleans LA; now widespread exc NEast, Mid Atl; esp freq Gulf States, TN, TX (MAP)
poor man’s fertilizer n • chiefly NEast
popple n1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, IN (MAP)
porridge ice n • NEast, esp NEng
Portland sleigh n • esp NEast
pothole n 3 • scattered, but more freq Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
powder n B • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Appalachians (MAP)
*preach v • widely scattered, but less freq NEast, West (MAP)
pretty adj, adv, n A1c (pronc) • esp NEast, Sth
pricker n • NEast, N Cent
prompt v • chiefly NEast
publish v • chiefly NEast
puckersnatch n • Nth, esp NEast
pudding n 2 • NEast
puddingstone n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
pussley n 1a • scattered, but esp freq NEast, NCent, Atlantic (MAP)
pussy n 4 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
put v C • chiefly NEast, S Midl
Quaker ladies n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp PA (MAP)
quarrel n, v (pronc) • esp NEast |ˈkwɑrəl|
quawk n2 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast
quill pig n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
*quit v 1 • widespread, but less freq NEast, West
quoit n B • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Pacific, esp NEast (MAP)
*rack v1 • scattered exc NEast (MAP)
racket n1 • NEast
railroad worm n • chiefly NEast
raising n 2 • NEast, esp NEng
ram v 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
range shelter n • esp NEast (MAP)
rareripe n 1 • chiefly NEast
redfin n 1 • chiefly NEast, Missip Valley
red kidney bean n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
red lion n • esp NEast
reefer n • esp NEast (MAP)
reindeer moss n • esp NEast
relievo n • chiefly NEast, esp MA
*rest room n • scattered exc NEast, but esp freq S Midl (MAP)
*ridge roll n • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes, Pacific (MAP)
ridgeboard n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
rifle n1 • chiefly NEast
rift n • esp NEast
rise v A1a • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, SW; also NEast (MAP)
*roasting ear n B1 • widespread exc NEast (MAP)
*rock n1 4a • widespread, but less freq NEast (MAP)
*rock fence n • widespread exc NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
rock oak n 1 • chiefly NEast
rotten v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
route n A1 (pronc) • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
route n B1 • chiefly NEast, WV, OH, IL, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
rum n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Mid Atl (MAP)
rum-dum n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, C Atl (MAP)
rummy n 1 • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
*running off (at the bowels) n • widespread exc NEast, C Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
saleratus n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
salmon trout n 1b • Gt Lakes, NEast
salt hole n • NEast
salute n • scattered, but more freq NEast, rare West (MAP)
samp n • chiefly NEast
Sanko n • NEast
sap works n • esp NEast
sap yoke n • chiefly NEast
saucebox n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
saucer n B2 • esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
*saw logs v phr • widespread exc NEast (MAP)
sawmill, born in a adj phr • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
scale n • esp NEast, Sth (MAP)
scallion n (pronc) • esp NEast |ˈskʌljən| (MAP)
scallion n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, S Atl (MAP)
scary adj B • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEast (MAP)
scatterings n pl • chiefly NEast
scavenger hunt n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
scoot n1 2 • chiefly NEast
*scoot v 2 • widespread exc NEast, C Atl (MAP)
scratch harrow n • esp NEast
scrub n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, TX, Gulf States (MAP)
see v B2a • scattered, but chiefly Atl, esp NEast
*see v B3a • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
self-sown adj phr • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
*setting hen n • widespread, but somewhat less freq NEast (MAP)
setting out n • chiefly NEast
setting room n • chiefly Atlantic, esp NEast
*seven-year itch n 1 • scattered, but less freq NEast, West (MAP)
shack n2 1 • esp NEast
shack v1 1 • esp NEast
shack v2 • esp NEast
shadblow n • chiefly NEast
shad fly n • chiefly NEast; also Missip Valley, GA (MAP)
shank of the evening n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEast
shanty Irish n pl • chiefly NEast, N Cent
share n, v (pronc) • also chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEast |šir|; infreq |šʌr|
shepherd’s pie n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp PA (MAP)
shilling n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
shiner n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, Gt Lakes, Gulf States (MAP)
shoat n • esp NEast
shock n2 • chiefly NEast
shove v 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
shuck n1 2b • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
shuck v1 1c • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
shuck v2 • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
shunpike n • esp NEast
shut adj a • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast; now more widespread
sick abed in the woodbox adj phr • chiefly NEast
side v 4 • esp NEast
side and side adv phr • chiefly NEast; also Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sidehill n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
sidehill n 2b • chiefly NEast (MAP)
sides adv, prep • chiefly Sth; formerly also NEast
*singletree n • widespread exc NEast, MI (MAP)
siss v • esp NEast
*sitter n • scattered exc NEast, West (MAP)
sizzer n1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY (MAP)
sizzler n 3 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
skeeve v • NEast, esp NY
skep n1 • esp NEast
*skift n2 1 • widespread exc NEast, Sth, SW (MAP)
skijoring n • Nth, esp AK, NEast
skitching vbl n • esp NEast, Gt Lakes
slack adj 3 • NEast (MAP)
*slop bucket n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
*slough n1 • widespread exc NEast, C Atl (MAP)
slumpy adj 1 • chiefly NEast
smack n1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast
smooch n, v1 • NEast, esp NEng
snag n 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent
snake spit n • NEast
snap-the-whip n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
snath n • chiefly NEast
sneak n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
sneaker n 1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq NEast, N Cent (MAP)
*snipe hunt n • widespread exc NEast (MAP)
snook n2 • esp SE, NEast
snow squall n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
snuck n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
soda n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast |sodɪ, -i|
soda n B1 • widespread, but esp freq NEast, eMO, sIL (MAP)
*soo exclam a • widely scattered, but rare NEast, C Atl, West (MAP)
*sookie exclam • scattered, but rare NEast (MAP)
soot n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, less freq NEast |sʌt|; occas |sut|
spa n • NEast, esp MA
spade v • formerly esp NEast, now widespread
spearing n • chiefly NEast
special n • chiefly NEast (MAP)
spile n2 • chiefly NEast, MI (MAP)
splint broom n • esp NEast
split-leaf maple n • esp NEast
spoon n, v (pronc) • esp NEast |sp^Un|
spoon victuals n pl • esp NEast
spoonwood n 1 • NEast, esp MA, NH
spotted adder n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
spreader n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
sprills n pl • esp NEast
spunk up v phr • orig chiefly NEast, now more widespread
squamish adj • scattered, but esp NEast, Mid Atl
square n1, adj, adv (pronc) • esp NEast, Sth, S Midl |skwæə(r)|, less freq |skweə(r)|
squarehead n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, TX (MAP)
squat tag n • esp NEast (MAP)
squirrel cups n • esp NEast
squirrel hake n • chiefly NEast
squitch v, n • NEast
squush v 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
stake-and-rail fence n • esp NEast
stale n 1 • NEast
stanchel n • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
statie n • chiefly NEast, esp MA
stave v 1 • chiefly NEast
stave v 2 • chiefly NEast
stave v 3a • chiefly NEast
stave v 4 • chiefly SE; less freq NEast
steak fish n • NEast
steam n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
stent n, v • scattered, but esp NEast
stickball n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NYC (MAP)
sticky bun n 1 • orig esp NEast; now more widespread
stone drag n • chiefly NEast, esp eNEng (MAP)
stone school n • chiefly NEast
stone wall n • scattered, but chiefly NEast (MAP)
stoop n 1 • orig esp NEast; now more widespread
stork shower n • scattered, but esp NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
storm enclosure n • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
streaked snake n • chiefly MI, NEast (MAP)
*streetcar n • widespread exc NEast (MAP)
stretch n B • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
striped squirrel n 1 • chiefly NEast
stuboy exclam, v • scattered, but esp NEast
stump n1 6b • esp NEast
stump fence n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
submarine sandwich n • orig scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, C Atl; now widespread (MAP)
sucker n 6 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
sugar v • chiefly NEast, esp VT
sugaring off n • esp NEast
sugaring-off party n • esp NEast
sugar off v phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast
sugar party n • chiefly NEast, esp VT
sugar snow n • esp NEast, Gt Lakes
sugar supper n • esp NEast
summer people n pl • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
summons v • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
swale n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast, MI (MAP)
swamp alder n • chiefly NEast
swamp angel n 1 • NEast
swamp apple n 1 • chiefly NEast
swamp apple n 2 • NEast
swamp azalea n • esp NEast
swamp candle n 1 • esp NEast
swamp cedar n 1 • esp NEast
swamp elm n • scattered, but esp NEast, N Cent
swamp maple n 1 • chiefly NEast
swamp marigold n 1 • esp NEast
swamp pink n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
swift water n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
swill n • esp NEast
swill v • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
swill pail n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, MI (MAP)
swivel plow n • NEast
syrup camp n • esp N Cent, NEast
syrup off v phr • chiefly NEast
tackle n (pronc) • esp NEast |ˈtek%Ul|
take v B2 • chiefly NEast
take on v phr • chiefly Sth; also S Midl, NEast (MAP)
tanglewood n 1 • esp NEast
tarry v • orig esp NEast; later more widespread
tarve n • esp NEast
*taw n C1a • widespread exc NEast, Gt Lakes, Upper MW (MAP)
ted v • chiefly NEast, N Cent, cAppalachians (MAP)
tedder n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, cAppalachians (MAP)
teenty adj • chiefly Nth, esp NEast
teeter n 4 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, nOH (MAP)
*tennis shoe n • widespread, but less freq NEast (MAP)
tent caterpillar n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
tew v • chiefly NEast
tew n1 • NEast
thank-you-ma'am n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
thimbleberry n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, NW, nCA (MAP)
thorn plum n 1 • chiefly NEast
thoroughwort n 1 • esp NEast
thrin n • esp NEast
thundergust n • chiefly NEast, esp PA, NJ
thunder mug n • widespread, but chiefly NEast, Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
tickly-bender(s) n • chiefly NEast, esp PA, NJ
timber lot n • esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
tip-up n 3 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
to adv C2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast; also Pacific (MAP)
tobacco pipe n • esp NEast
tomato n A3 (pronc) • NEast, SE
top n 3 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
top n 4 • esp NEast; also S Midl
top onion n • chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
Tophet n • chiefly NEast
torpedo sandwich n • orig NEast, now esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
tother-end-to adv • chiefly NEast
tother-side-up adv • chiefly NEast
touch-hole n • esp NEast
town house n 1 • chiefly NEast
trailer truck n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp NEast; also TX, Cent (MAP and Map Section)
tree belt n • NEast, esp MA
*tree frog n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEast (MAP)
trim v 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
trolley n • widespread, but esp freq NEast (MAP and Map Section)
trolley park n • chiefly NEast, esp PA
trough n A2 (pronc) • scattered, but esp NEast (MAP)
trough n A4 (pronc) • scattered, but esp NEast
trudget n • NEast
tub sugar n • NEast
tumblesault n, v • chiefly NEast, C Atl; also Gulf States (MAP)
tumbleset n, v • chiefly SE, Gulf States; also NEast (MAP)
turnpike v • chiefly NEast, N Cent
tush n C1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent, TX; scattered NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
twine n • NEast
twister n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
two n, adj, pron (pronc) • chiefly NEast, Sth |tju, tiu|
two-leaved Solomon's seal n • esp NEast
ugly adj B1 • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ugly adj B2 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, TN (MAP)
up attic adv phr • chiefly NEast
up island adv phr • Nth, esp NEast
upstreet adv • formerly widespread, now esp NEast
vendue n • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
vessel n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
vinegar fly n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
visiting hours n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, OH (MAP)
*volunteer n 1a • widespread exc NEast (MAP)
wackie v, n • NEast
wagon shed n • scattered, but esp NEast, eN Midl (MAP)
*wagon wheel n 1 • scattered, but rare NEast (MAP)
wait on v phr 1 • chiefly NEast, Sth
wake-robin n 3 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Mid Atl (MAP)
walk-up adj • chiefly NEast exc NEng, N Cent (MAP)
wallet n 2 • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent; also Sth, West (MAP)
wanigan n 5 • chiefly NEast
want v1 C1 • formerly chiefly NEast, now more widespread
warm sugar n • NEast, N Cent
warty toad n • chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
wax n 1 • NEast
weasle v • esp NEast (MAP)
weewaw adj A2 • NEast
weewaw v B • esp NEast
well n • esp NEast (MAP)
wheat cake n • chiefly N Cent, NEast (exc NEng) (MAP)
which and tother n, adj phr, adv phr • chiefly NEast
whiffet n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp PA
whiffle-minded adj • NEast, esp ME
whiffletree n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
white daisy n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp NEast (MAP)
white-faced hornet n • chiefly NEast
whitefish n 2 • NEast
white goldenrod n • chiefly NEast
white poke n • chiefly NEast
white sumac n 1 • esp NEast
white-tailed hornet n • chiefly NEast, esp NEng
whitewood n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
whiting n 2 • esp NEast
*whooee exclam 2 • widespread exc NEast; most freq Midl, esp IA, IL, IN (MAP)
whoopie pie n • chiefly NEast
wicked adj • esp NEast, Sth
widow's watch n • chiefly NEast
wild beet n c • esp NEast
wild lily of the valley n 2 • chiefly NEast
wild pear n • chiefly NEast, esp ME (MAP)
wild turnip n 1 • chiefly NEast (MAP)
wild yellow lily n • esp NEast
wineberry n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, PA
wine plant n • esp NEast, N Cent
winter chippy n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes
winter squash n • scattered, but esp NEast, N Cent (MAP)
with prep B1 • esp NEast, Sth, S Midl
without conj B • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl
wood gray (fox) n • chiefly NEast
woods pussy n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
woolly bear n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent (MAP)
woolly caterpillar n • esp NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
wop n1 1 • widespread, but esp freq NEast, Pacific (MAP)
wop n1 2 • esp NEast
work party n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
wrack n • esp NEast
wudge n • esp NEast
wudge v • esp NEast
X-Y-Z exclam • esp NEast
yellowbird n 1 • chiefly NEast, S Midl (MAP)
yellow daisy n 1 • esp NEast
yellow jay n • esp NEast
yellow oak n 1 • esp NEast
yellow-tailed hornet n • esp NEast
yesterday adv, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEast |ˈjɪstɪ̩dɪ|
youse pron 1 • esp NEast, N Midl, Gt Lakes
again prep, adv, conj (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl
ague n (pronc) • N Midl
alley n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
all the • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
all the way through adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, TX (MAP)
ambitious adj 2 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
animal n B1 • chiefly NEng, N Midl, West
Anthony-over n, exclam • chiefly C Atl, N Midl
Aunt Jane’s room n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
baker’s bread n • throughout US, but esp Nth, N Midl, West (Map Section)
barn raising n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
barnyard n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
battleship n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
beanery n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
beans, not to know v phr a • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
beat it v phr • widespread, but most freq in Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
bee n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
belly-flop n, v, adv • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
belly-whopper n, v, adv 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NY, NJ (MAP)
belly-whopper n, v, adv 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NY, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
bending ice n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
bib overall(s) n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
biddy n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
big-feeling adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl
bitch n 4 • ?chiefly Nth, N Midl
bitch v • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
bittersweet n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
blast n 4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, scattered Sth (MAP)
blazes n, intj • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
blindman’s buff n a • widespread but esp common Nth, N Midl
block party n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
blood relative n • esp Nth, N Midl, West
bluecoat n 1 • esp Nth, N Midl
boarder n • esp Nth, N Midl
board-stretcher n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
boat n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
boiled dinner n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
bollix v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
booby n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
boogaloo n • esp Nth, N Midl
booze belly n • esp Nth, N Midl
boozer n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
bore n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
boss adj • scattered but esp in urban areas of Nth, N Midl, Pacific
boughten adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
box social n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
box stove n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
bozo n • esp Nth, N Midl
braces n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
brat n1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
bringing up vbl n • Nth, N Midl
bubbler n 2 • Nth, N Midl; esp freq in WI
bubble-top n • Nth, N Midl
buck n1 2e • Nth, N Midl
buck n1 4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl exc Rocky Mts, NW (MAP)
buck buck n 2 • Nth, N Midl
bucket n 3 • chiefly Nth and N Midl, east of Missip R (MAP)
bucksaw n • Nth, N Midl
buckwheat n 5 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
buddy n 1c • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Atlantic
budget n 3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
bum’s rush n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
burdock n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
burr n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
button n B2a • chiefly Nth, N Midl and West (MAP)
button n B2c • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
button n B3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
by guess and by gosh adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cake turner n • chiefly C Atl, eN Midl (MAP)
Canadian thistle n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
canary grass n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
cart v 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl
cat in a bag n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cave n 1 • chiefly N Midl (MAP)
cave n 2 • scattered, but esp N Midl (MAP)
change work v phr, n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cheater n 1b • esp Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
chestnut n 3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
chicken tracks n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
chic sale(s) n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Midl, West (MAP)
chimney n B2 • Nth, N Midl
china n B2 • esp Nth, N Midl
chintzy adj1 • widespread, but esp Nth, N Midl, West
chipping sparrow n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
chore v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
chore time n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
Christopher intj • chiefly Nth, also N Midl
close one n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
clothespress n 2 • chiefly NEast, eN Midl (MAP)
clothes rack n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
coast v 1 • prob orig Boston area, now chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cock n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
commie n • chiefly N Midl, Inland Nth (MAP)
compressed yeast n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cookie n1 3 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
coop n1 (pronc) • Nth, N Midl
corker n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cottage fried potatoes n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cow yard n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEng
crab n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp Gt Lakes (MAP)
creek n1 (pronc) • esp Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
crib v 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
crimanetly intj • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
criminy intj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
critter n B2a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
croaker n1 2 • esp Nth, N Midl
crocked ppl adj 1 • esp Nth, N Midl
crowbait n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
cupboard n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
cupola n B1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
curb n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl
curdle v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
curdled ppl adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
curl n B5 • esp Nth, N Midl
Danish pastry n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
deadhead n 2 • esp Nth, N Midl
dear intj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
de-nut v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
dicker n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
dicker v 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
dirty spoon n • esp Nth, N Midl
discombobulate v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
divvy v • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
dodo n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
dog n1 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl
dog v 8 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
dolt n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
donnybrook n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
donsie adj 2a • esp N Midl (MAP)
doodlebug n 6b • chiefly Gulf States, Cent, N Midl (MAP)
dopey adj 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
dopey adj 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
do-re-mi n 2 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
double Dutch n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
double house n 2 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Midl (MAP)
double sawbuck n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
double up v phr 2 • chiefly Midl, esp N Midl
down adj D1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
down cellar adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
dragsaw n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
*drain ditch n • scattered, but less freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
draw v C5 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
dressing n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
dribs and drabs n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
drought n A4 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
duck v 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast
duck on a rock n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
due adj, n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
duffer n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Dunkard n • chiefly N Midl (MAP)
Dunker n • chiefly N Midl, esp PA
Dutchman’s breeches n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Dutch rub n • chiefly N Midl (MAP)
eagle beak n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
ease v 1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl
easy adv 2 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
eaves spout n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
eaves trough n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
eddy n 3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
egg n B3 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
either adj, adv, pron, conj (pronc) • esp N Midl
elastic (band) n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp N Atl (MAP)
euchre n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp N Cent (MAP)
explode v1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
face fly n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp N Cent
fairy n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
farmer n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
feast n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl
feather n B4 • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
feather cloud n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
fester n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl
fester v • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP and Map Section)
Fibber McGee(’s) closet n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
fine cut adj phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
first adj B3b • chiefly Nth, N Midl
fish-eater n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
fishworm n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, Cent (MAP)
fit to be tied adj phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Mid Atl
five hundred n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, but less freq eNEng, NW (MAP)
five hundred n 3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
flail n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
flail v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
flat n2 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
flier n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
flip-flop n 2 • esp N Midl, S Atl (MAP)
flowerpot n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
fluff n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
four adj, n (pronc) • N Midl
fox and geese n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Rocky Mts (MAP)
Frenchy n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
fridge n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
frosting n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
fruit basket n c • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
fuss v C5 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
fussbudget n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
gelding n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
gentleman n B2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
German fried potatoes n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
gesundheit intj • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
glassie n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
goop n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
graham bread n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
grandma n A2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
grandma n A4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
grandma n A8 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
grandpa n A2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
grandpa n A6 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEng, Upstate NY (MAP)
gravy n 2 • scattered, but more freq Nth, N Midl, WV (MAP)
greasy adj B • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
great guns exclam • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
green pepper n 2 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
griddle cake n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
grinnie n 1 • chiefly N Midl, esp wPA
grow v 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
growler n2 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
*gutter n1 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP and Map Section)
hairy woodpecker n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hand-me-down adj, n • chiefly N Midl, West
hanger-on n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
happy adj 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hard maple n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hardpan n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
hard sauce n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hardtack n 3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hare and hound(s) n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
harvest n B • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hatching jacket n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl
hawker n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hay chute n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hay ladder n • esp N Midl (MAP)
hayrack n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
hayseed n 1 • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl
hearthstone n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hepatica n • chiefly NEast, N Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
high-muck-a-muck n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl
hinder n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hindside-to adv • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hired man n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hither and thither adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hither and yon adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hog yard n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
hoist v C1a • chiefly Nth, N Midl
hoity-toity adj • esp Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
Hoover n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
horned lark n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
how adv 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl
hubbard squash n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
huckster n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, C Atl, NEast exc nNEng (MAP)
hull n B1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
hun n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl
Hungarian goulash n • esp Nth, N Midl
Hunk n3 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
husk n B2a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
husk v B1a • chiefly Nth, N Midl
ice-cream social n • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
ice tag n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
icky adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
jack n2 2a • esp N Midl
jack n2 2b • esp N Midl (MAP)
jack frost n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
jag n2 1a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
jeez intj • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
jibe v • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
jigger n2 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
jiggered, I’ll be phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
Jonah n B1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Judas n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
kaput adj B • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
kettle n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
kit n 2b • widespread, but somewhat more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
kitchen dance n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
kitchen garden n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
kitten n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
kitty-corner adv, adj 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
lalapalooza n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
land turtle n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
larch n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
last dog is hung, until the adv phr • esp Inland Nth, N Midl
liverwurst n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
*loft n 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
loggerhead n 3 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
logy adj 1 • scattered, but more freq Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
longies n pl • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP and Map Section)
loo v, n1 • chiefly NEast, N Midl
Louisiana n (pronc) • esp Nth, N Midl
low beam n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, C Atl, West (MAP)
lummox n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
lung fever n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
ma n A1 (pronc) • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
mackerel-snapper n • esp Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
make v1 C7 • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
*mamma n1 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
marsh marigold n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
May basket n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, Plains States (MAP)
meadow n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
meat platter n • chiefly N Cent, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
Mick n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
milk train n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
milquetoast n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
minnow n A3 • chiefly N Midl, Inland Nth (MAP)
mitten n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
moist yeast n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
monkey v • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
mow n1 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
mow v • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Mrs. n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
mud hen n 1b • widespread, but more freq Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
mud wasp n • chiefly NEast; also Inland Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
mumblety-peg n 3 • scattered, but esp Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
murphy n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
mustard pickle n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
nauseous adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NYC, NJ, PA (MAP)
new adj (pronc) • widespread, but esp Nth, N Midl
nib n1 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
nibby adj • esp N Midl
nigger baby n 1 • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, seNY (MAP)
no-account adj • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Midl (MAP)
nut v • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
oats bug n 1 • chiefly N Midl (MAP)
of prep C4 • widespread, but esp NEast, eN Midl (MAP)
old maid n 4 • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
old maid n 5 • chiefly Nth, N Midl
one old cat n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
oozy adj • Nth, N Midl (MAP)
paddy n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, esp NEast (MAP)
pail n 2b • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
pail v 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
palsy-walsy adj, n • esp Nth, N Midl, West
panhas n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
pantywaist n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
pass n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, esp Upstate NY (MAP)
pasture-bred adj • chiefly N Midl (MAP)
patch n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
penknife n • chiefly N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
phiz n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
pickle n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
piece n 8 • chiefly N Midl, West (MAP)
piece v 1 • chiefly N Midl, West (MAP)
pie social n • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
pinch bug n • chiefly N Midl, N Cent (MAP)
pitch n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
plank road n • scattered, but more freq Nth, N Midl
pod v 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Polack n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
pole n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
pollyanna n • chiefly N Midl, esp PA
poor adj A1 (pronc) • esp Nth (exc neNEng), N Midl, Gulf States
pope’s nose n 1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, CA, TX (MAP)
porridge n B1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
potpie n 1 • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
prat n • esp Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
princeton n • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
prisoner’s base n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
proboscis n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
punky adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
punt n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
push broom n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
quack grass n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, Appalachians (MAP)
quadrille n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
quoit n B • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Pacific, esp NEast (MAP)
rack wagon n • chiefly N Midl, esp cIL (MAP)
raised ppl adj 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
*rattlesnake n 1 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
raw-fried potatoes n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Rebellion n • Nth, N Midl, esp NEng
redd v 3a • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
redd v 3b • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
red-neck n 4 • chiefly N Midl, West (MAP)
resin n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
riley adj 1 • Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
Robin Hood’s barn, go (all the way) around v phr • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, C Atl, WV (MAP)
rope n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
rotten adj 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
round barn n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
rubber ice n • chiefly Nth, wN Midl (MAP)
run v B2 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
run v B9b • scattered, but more freq Nth, N Midl
runs n pl • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
run sheep run n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
saucedish n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sauerkraut n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
sawbuck n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
schnozzle n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
Scotch adj • esp Nth, N Midl, Plains States (MAP)
scum n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
seep v 2 • esp N Midl (MAP)
sheeny n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
sheepshead n 6 • esp Nth, N Midl
shifty adj 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
shove v 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
sick time n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
-sie suff • chiefly Nth, N Midl
sinker n 2b • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sire n 1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
sirree bob n • scattered, but esp Sth, wTX, N Midl, NYC (MAP)
skate n2 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
skeezicks n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
skite v • esp Nth, N Midl
slapjack n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
sleep in v phr • widespread, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
slop v • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
smearcase n • chiefly N Midl, esp PA, OH, MD, WV (MAP)
snake n 3a • scattered, but more freq Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
snipe n 8 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
snow angel n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
snuffer n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
so exclam a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West; also S Atl (MAP)
soak n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
soldier v C • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
song sparrow n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
souse n1 C4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
speakeasy n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
statues n pl 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
*stick v 1 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
stone n Bb • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, esp NEng (MAP)
stone n Bc • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl (MAP)
stoneboat n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
stone fence n • widespread, but esp freq Inland Nth, N Midl (MAP)
stove lid n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
straight pen n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sucker n 6 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
sugar off v phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast
*sugar pie n • scattered exc Nth, N Midl (MAP)
sulky plow n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sumac n (pronc) • esp Nth, N Midl somewhat old-fash |ˈš(ɪ)umæk|
summer kitchen n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, exc NW (MAP)
sun dog n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
sure adj, adv 1 (pronc) • formerly chiefly Nth, N Midl; now more widespread
sweet corn n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl; also West (MAP)
tarvia n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp MI (MAP)
tennis flannel n • chiefly Nth, N Midl
tent caterpillar n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NEast (MAP)
thick milk n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
tiger lily n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, nCA (MAP)
to prep B1c • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP and Map Section)
toad n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
toadstabber n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
tog out v phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
tongue fight n • esp N Midl (MAP)
Toonerville trolley n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
top n 2 • esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
toper n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
torpedo sandwich n • orig NEast, now esp Nth, N Midl (MAP)
tracks n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
Tuesday n (pronc) • widespread, but esp Nth, N Midl |ˈtuz̩de, -̩dɪ|
tug n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Missip Valley, West (MAP and Map Section)
turkey trot n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
twist n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
*umbrella n A2b (pronc) • widespread, but less freq Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
vino n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, esp CA (MAP)
wagon shed n • scattered, but esp NEast, eN Midl (MAP)
waken v • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
weather bundle n • esp Gt Lakes, N Midl (MAP)
wen n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp nOH (MAP)
wheel v • chiefly Nth, N Midl
white lampblack n • chiefly Nth, N Midl (MAP)
wood tick n 1 • scattered, but esp freq Nth, N Midl, Rocky Mts, Pacific; also W Midl (MAP)
woody adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
Yid n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
you betcha adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA, TX; now esp Upper MW, NW (MAP)
youse pron 1 • esp NEast, N Midl, Gt Lakes
Northwest (See also Pacific Northwest)
banana belt n • NW, esp AK
bar n1 3 • chiefly Nth, NW
Basco n • NW
basket social n • chiefly Upper MW, NW
bear grass n 2a • chiefly NW
belly-buster n, adv 1 • chiefly W Midl, Rocky Mts, NW (MAP)
belly pad n • NW
bird bill n 1 • chiefly NW and AK
blood drawing n • chiefly NW
blue grouse n 1 • NW, Rocky Mts
box rustler n • NW
*buck n1 4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl exc Rocky Mts, NW (MAP)
buckaroo v • chiefly NW
bushel v C • NW
cabin fever n • orig esp NW, now more widespread
camas n 1 • chiefly NW
camp robber n • chiefly NW, CO (MAP)
cat’s-breeches n • West, esp Rocky Mts, NW
cayuse n • chiefly West, esp NW
Chinaman n 2 • NW
chink n3 2 • Nth, esp NW
chinook n • chiefly NW
chinook v • NW
chorizo n • NW, HI
chuck n4 • NW
chum salmon n • NW
cold shut n • esp NW
cougar n • chiefly NW, CA, UT (MAP)
cut n 4 • chiefly Inland Nth, NW
daveno n • chiefly NW
dingy adj • chiefly CA, NW
*dog n1 B3 • scattered, but less freq NEast, Upper MW, NW (MAP)
dog salmon n • NW, AK
Dolly Varden n 1 • chiefly NW, AK
farmhand n • NW, ND, SD
fish hawk n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Atlantic, NW (MAP)
*five hundred n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, but less freq eNEng, NW (MAP)
float house n • NW, AK
grouseberry n 3 • chiefly NW
gyppo n • chiefly NW, Pacific
hasher n 1 • scattered, but esp NW
hell n 7 • esp NW
high-lead n • chiefly NW
high rigger n • chiefly NW
hiyu adj • esp AK, NW
hole n 2 • NW, CO
hooky bob v phr • chiefly NW
Indian basket grass n • NW
jack fence n • esp NW
Jim Hill mustard n • NW
jockey box n • chiefly NW
kokanee (salmon) n • West, esp AK, NW, Rocky Mts
little redfish n • NW, AK
moccasin telegraph n • chiefly NW
Molly Hogan n • NW
muck-a-muck n 1 • chiefly NW, AK
overshot adj • esp NW, Rocky Mts
palouser n • chiefly NW
panguingue n • AK, NW, CA
parking n 2a • chiefly NW, Plains States, IA; also N Cent, sCA (MAP)
parking n 2b • chiefly NW, esp WA (MAP)
parlor n B1 • scattered, but esp C Atl, N Cent, NW (MAP)
*pedro n (pronc) • chiefly Inland Nth (exc Upper MW, NW), CA (MAP)
pokelogan n • NEng, Gt Lakes, NW
pothole n 2 • chiefly wGt Lakes, Upper MW, NW
prince’s pine n 1 • esp CA, NW
pulaski n • esp NW
ragged robin n 3 • NW
rattlesnake grass n 4 • esp NW, Pacific
rockchuck n • NW, Rocky Mts
rockrose n 5 • NW
saskatoon n • NW, Upper MW
sauerkraut n 2 • chiefly Nth, esp NW, Upper MW (MAP)
siwash v 2 • esp NW
Siwash n 1 • chiefly NW, AK
Siwash n 2 • esp NW, AR
skookum adj • chiefly NW, AK
skookum n • chiefly NW
skookum chuck n • chiefly NW, AK
skookum house n • chiefly NW, AK
solo n • esp NW, NV (MAP)
sourdough n 2 • chiefly NW, AK
speeder n • scattered, but esp freq NW
spendy adj • chiefly Nth, esp NW
spike pitcher n • Plains States, Upper MW, NW
squaw man n • esp NW, AK
*summer kitchen n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, exc NW (MAP)
*sunfish n 1a • chiefly Nth, Midl, exc NW
*tennie n • scattered, but chiefly wGt Lakes, IA, West exc NW (MAP)
tennie-runner n • scattered, but chiefly West, esp NW
thimbleberry n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, NW, nCA (MAP)
three-step n • chiefly Gt Lakes, NW, CA (MAP)
tin dog n • esp NW
widow-maker n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp NW
wood nymph n • chiefly NW
you betcha adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA, TX; now esp Upper MW, NW (MAP)
bakkels n • [Norw bakkels(e) cookie]
bug n2 • [Cf..Norw bugge important man..]
Christmas fool n • WI, MN, ND, areas of Norw settlement
cluck adj • [..Norw klukk broody (adj), klukkhøne broody hen, setting hen]
cluck n • [..perh also Norw klukk broody (adj), klukkhøne broody hen..]
cluck v • [..perh Norw klukke..]
clumse n • [..perh also rel to Engl dial clumse speechless, loutish (< Norw klumsa)]
cook v 1 • [Prob calque from Ger kochen, Sw koka, Nor koke..]
dreet n • [Norw dritt excrement]
fattigmanns bakkels n • [Norw “poor man’s cookie”]
flatbread n • [Norw flatbrød, fladbrød]
fruit soup n • [Norw fruktsuppe, Sw fruktsoppa]
grass onion n • [Cf Norw grasløk]
ish intj • [Norw isj, Dan, Sw isch]
julebukk n • WI, MN, ND in Norw settlement areas
julekake n • [..cf Norw julekake bread containing raisins, citron, cardamom, etc]
kram n • [..Norw kram junk, trifles]
krumkake n • [Norw krumkake..]
lefse n • Norw settlement areas, esp MN, WI
lodde n • [Norw]
lutefisk n • [Norw lutefisk; Sw lutfisk; Dan ludfisk] (MAP)
mauger adj • [..Dan, Du, Ger, Norw, Sw mager..]
mom-mom n • [Cf Sw, Norw mormor maternal grandmother] (MAP)
Norski n • chiefly in Norwegian settlement areas
ostkaka n • [Sw ostkaka, Norw ostekake]
pank v • [..cf Norw, Dan banke..]
pannicake n • [..cf Du pannekoek..]
peng n • [Norw peng(e),..Sw (pl) pengar]
philopena n • [cf..Norw filipine..]
primost n • [Norw prim(ost)]
rommegrot n • [Norw rømmegrøt cream porridge]
rullepolse n • esp in Norw settlement areas
sandbakkels n • [Norw sandbakkels(e) sand cookie]
sill salad n • [Norw sildesalat herring salad]
skijoring n • [From Norw skikjøring, literally “ski-driving”]
skillpot n • [..(Dan skildpadde, Norw skilpadde, Sw sköldpadda)] (MAP)
slime eel n • [..cf..Norw slimål]
smear n 1 • [Prob infl by the cognates in other Germanic langs:..Norw..smør.. butter]
snoose n1 • [Dan, Sw, Norw snus] (MAP)
sot suppe n • Norw settlement areas
spark n • [Norw, Sw]
sweet soup n • [Norw søtsuppe, Sw sötsoppa]
sylte n • [Dan, Norw sylte, Sw sylta]
Syttende Mai n • in Norw settlement areas
till prep B4 • [..also Sw till (prep) till, by (and perh also Dan, Norw til till, by)]
uff-da exclam, n • orig in Norw settlement areas, esp MN, WI
water out v phr 2 • Norw settlement areas
yah adv • [Cf Ger, Du, Norw, Sw, Dan ja] (MAP)
cala n1 • [..Nupe kàrà a fried cake..]
O
cock n1 • usu considered obscene
airtight n 1 • obsolescent
ash-hopper n 1a • obsolescent
brinjer n • obsolescent
buckeye n 5 • obsolescent
cotbetty n • obsolescent, derog
cotton gin n • obsolescent
cotton house n • ?obsolescent
country buying n • obsolescent
cow house n • obsolescent
creeper n 8 • obsolescent
crock n2 • prob obsolescent
croping adj • obsolescent
crud n B1 • obsolescent
obsolete (See also archaic)
a prep1 1b • obs
abb and ebb n • obs
Abe Lincoln War n • arch or obs
abel-wackit n • obs
abiselfa n • obs
about prep B • ?obs
about house adj phr • obs
above one’s bend adv phr • obs
Abraham’s cabbage n • ?obs
absey book n • obs
accommodation street n • ?obs
afterclap n 2 • obs
after night adv phr • obs
agnail n • ?obs
agregado n • ?obs
ague cake n • ?obs
albur n • obs
alcabala n • obs
aleby trout n • obs
allerickstix adv • ?obs
alligator n1 B4 • obs
alligator horse n • obs
all-overishness n • ?obs
all-to-pieces adj • obs
ambulanter n • ?obs
ambuscade n • ?obs
anan intj • now prob obs
anend adv 1 • ?obs
anend adv 2 • ?obs
angel n 2 • obs
anights adv • arch or obs
another-guess adj • ?obs
ant rice n • ?obs
apart prep • ?obs
appearance n • obs
appearanced adj • ?obs
apple cabbage n • obs
applehorn n • obs
apple John n 1 • obs
appola n • obs
arrowweed n 2 • obs
artetu n • obs or arch
artificial n • ?obs
asarabacca n • now prob relic in Appalachians or obs
ashbucket apprentice n • obs
assign v • obs
at v • obs
ayond prep • obs
backway n • ?obs
baft n • ?obs
bagonet n • ?obs
bakery n 1 • obs
bald coot n 1 • ?obs
balsam hickory n • obs
bang v • ?obs
banklick bass n • prob obs
bark n2 1 • obs
barking wolf n • obs
barsdown n • ?obs
basket of chips n a • ?obs
bateau v C • ?obs
batterfang v • obs
bay truck n • ?obs
bearberry n 3 • ?obs
beatermost adj • obs
being conj 2 • obs
belly-guts n 1 • ?obs
belly-wax n • ?obs
bettersome adj • obs
between hawk and buzzard adv phr, adj phr 2 • ?obs
bindweed n 2 • ?obs
black dolphin n • ?obs
black duck n 2 • obs
blackguard v C3 • ?obs
black sucker n 1 • obs
blackworm n 2 • obs
blanc-bec n • rare or obs
blow up v phr 1 • obs
blue devil v • obs
boiling down n • ?obs
bonefish n 4 • obs
brash oak n • ?obs
bread n B4 • obs
break v B5 • ?obs
breakback n • ?obs
breastweed n • ?obs
broadhorn n 2 • ?obs
bruff adj • ?obs
bubber n1 • ?obs
buck beer n • old-fash or obs
buckhorn n 1 • obs
buck mouse n • obs
buck party n • ?obs
buck’s horn brake n • obs
buckwheat-nose n • obs
buffalo fever n • obs
buffalo gall n • obs
buffalo pecker n • obs
buffalo stamp n • obs
bug n1 14a • obs
bugged up adj • obs
bulger n1 1 • obs
bussen ppl adj • obs
button tree n 2 • obs
caboose n1 1 • arch or obs
caddow n • ?obs
cadulix n • ?obs
cafugelty n • old-fash or obs
calfskin n • ?obs
calico n B3a • prob obs
Cape Cod clergyman n • joc ?obs
Cape Cod protection n • joc obs
card n1 B1 • obs
carga n • ?obs
cargador n • ?obs
Carolina bark n • prob obs
casting n • obs
cast-iron dog n • obs
castorwood n • obs
catawampus adv 1 • obs
cat mewing n • obs
catooch n • obs
chicken money n • obs
chickling n • prob obs
chinny adj • ?obs
choaty adj • obs
Christ-dust n • obs
Christmas box n • arch or obs
Christmas-crack n • obs
Christyde n • arch or obs
chunked adj 2 • obs
civilize v 1 • ?obs
clatter n 1 • obs
clean adj 1 • ?obs
clevel n • arch or obs
cleverly adv 1 • arch or obs
cleverly adv 3 • obs
cling v • arch or obs clang,clinged
cling-john n • ?obs
clout v 1 • ?obs
clover-eater n • obs
club v1 • obs
clumse n • ?obs
cob n1 • obs
cohooter n • obs
cold-harbor n • obs
cold scald n • obs
cold-water root n • obs
comb n B4 • obs
come down on v phr 1 • obs
comeny v • prob obs
come out v phr • obs
comfortable n B1 • obs
common v • obs
common doings n pl • obs
compliment n 1 • obs
conbobberation n • obs
conducta n • prob obs
congo n1 3 • obs
contrarisome adj • prob obs
contwisted ppl adj • euphem, obs
contwistification n • obs
convene v • obs
convulsion root n • prob obs
cork n1 • obs
corn grass n 1 • obs
cousen in v • obs
cowhanded adj 1 • obs
creep n1 • ?obs
creeping wintergreen n 2 • obs
crock v1 1 • obs
crute up v phr • ?obs
curious adj B1 • obs
curnubble v • obs
cut up a curlicue v phr • obs
devil’s-root n 1 • obs
digging adj • obs
dishwasher n 1 • obs
ditch grass n 1 • obs
doghole n 1 • obs
dog tree n • obs
dragonclaw n • obs
dragonroot n 2 • obs
drisk n • obs
drop biscuit n 1 • obs
dry strawberry n • obs
dubious adj B1 • obs
earthquake n • obs
eat v B1 • obs
ebenezer n 2 • obs
egg pop n • ?obs
elm flour n • obs
embarras n • obs
exflunct v • obs
eye grass n • obs
fair adj B3 • obs
fall fever n • ?obs
false aloe n 2 • obs
fandango n 5 • ?obs
farzino phr • obs
fat adj1 3 • ?obs
feather n B7a • obs
feather n B7b • obs
feather v 2 • obs
feather flower n • obs
fever and ague seeds n • obs
field dinner n • ?obs
fierro n • ?obs
fight v B • obs
fire bob n • obs
fire cake n • ?obs
fireweed n a • obs
fish head n 1 • obs
flatback n • ?obs
flat-nosed bony pike n • obs
flax bellflower n • obs
fling v B2 • ?obs
flitterjig n • obs
flood gull n 1 • obs
flummadiddle n 1 • ?obs
flummox v 5 • obs
fluttermill n 1 • obs
flutter wheel n 1 • obs
flying-barked hickory n • obs
foal v B2 • ?obs
fofarraw adj • obs
for all of me adv phr • [Perh blend of obs for me .. + for all I care]
fortnight n • virtually obsolete in Amer colloq speech
gallinipper n 1b • obs
gall of the earth n 1 • obs
gaunty adj • ?obs
Georgia piercer n • obs
Gilead fir n • obs
ging n • obs
gold chub n • obs
gray owl n 1 • obs
ground apple n 1 • obs
groundberry n 2 • obs
ground lizard n 1 • obs
groundnut n B3 • obs
ground oak n 1 • obs
grubby n 1 • obs
guinea corn n 2 • obs
gumbo n 3 • obs
gum elemi n 2 • obs
gum lemon shrub n • obs
harness cask n • obs
harvest root n • obs
heart-spot knotweed n • obs
hickok plum n • obs
hickory n B2b • obs
high adj B4b(3) • obs
hog crawl n • obs
hogfish n c • obs
honey horns n • obs
horse-mane oat n • obs
hyssop n • obs
Indian n B1a • Note: Except in the attrib use.., this sense appears to be virtually obs.
Indian bitter n 1 • obs
Indian hemp n 4 • obs
indigo weed n 1 • obs
in-ty adv • obs
jack n1 11 • obs
jack n1 12 • obs
jacksnipe n 2 • obs
jigger n1 1 • obs
jiggumbob n • obs
jimpsecute n • obs
john constant n • obs
jumper n 9 • obs
kid n1 a • obs
killhag n • obs
kiskitomas n • prob obs
knotweed n 2 • obs
laughing jackass n • obs
lavish n 2 • obs
lead horse n • obsolete terminology
lick n 3 • ?obs
line tree n2 • obs
long sauce n • obs
magofer n • obs
maize bird n • obs
maize thief n • obs
mamma n1 2 • obs
master n • chiefly Sth among Black speakers, obs, mars(e), mass(a)
master n • chiefly S Atl coast among Black speakers, obs, maus(sa), mossa
maybird n 1 • obs
meat pie n • obs
mock orange n 1e • obs
mole n1 2 • obs
mossyback n 2 • obs
mountain cat n 1 • prob obs
mud devil n • obs
mustang persimmon n • obs
oldermost adj • arch or obs
park v • obs
parking n 1 • ?obs
pea n2 • [Prob..obs or dial peise understood as pl]
pencil tree n • [From obs pencil small paintbrush..]
piggery n 2 • obs
pillow beer n • obs
poker n2 2 • [Cf obs poker demon, bugbear..]
pokerish adj • [From obs poker demon, bugbear..]
pomme de terre n 1 • obs
pondbush n 1 • obs
possession v • ?obs
possible n • [Perh by ext from obs possibles..]
priminary n • obs
quebrada n • obs
ramshackled ppl adj 1 • also obs spp ranshackld, ranshacled
rattlesnake master n a • obs
rattlesnake root n 2a • obs
rattlesnake root n 2d • obs
redberry n b • obs
red birch n 1 • obs
red-breasted snipe n 2 • obs
red pine n 1b • obs
red robin n 1 • obs
same old six and seven, the phr • [..Cf the now obsolete (at least in the US) expressions..]
sapling pine n • obs
scotch v2 • ?obs
screak n 1 • ?obs
sea pigeon n e • obs
serpentine n • obs
sevenbark n 1 • obs
sheldrake n 2 • prob obs
short sauce n • obs
short-tailed tern n • prob obs
shovelfish n 1 • obs
silk grass n 1 • obs
silver fir n 1a • obs
sink n • obs
slank n • obs
smoked Irishman n • [Cf..obs smoked Yank(ee) applied to Black Union soldiers during the Civil War]
snipe-bill n • obs
sourberry n 1 • obs
spotted plover n • obs
squaw whortleberry n • obs
star-of-Bethlehem n 1 • obs
swaddle-bill n • prob obs
swamp snowball n • obs
swamp willow n 2 • obs
tacamahac n • [From obs Span tacamahaca < Nahuatl..]
thornback n 1 • obs
tight adv 1 • [..Obs or Brit dial tite ``soon, readily, willingly'' has been suggested, but..the semantic fit is poor..]
to rights adv phr • obs
tote v A6 • obs
trade v • [Spec application of an old and otherwise obs sense ``to follow a path, go''..]
treacleberry n • obs
trumpet flower n 2 • obs
trunk peddler n • obs
tusk n2 • obs
vara n • obs exc as a legal term
Virginia nightingale n • obs
Virginia pine n 1 • obs
waddy n 1b • obs
wampee n a • obs
war eagle n • obs
water bush n 1 • ?obs
water butt n • ?obs
water hen n 2 • obs
water lily n 2 • obs
waxberry cornel n • obs
whafler n • obs
whalebird n 1 • obs
whiskey plant n • obs
white perch n 2 • obs
white-tailed grouse n • obs
willipus-wallipus n 2 • obs
winter goose n 1 • obs
wobbled up ppl adj phr • obs
wooden island n • obs
coon n1 2 • usu considered offensive
darky n 1 • now usu considered offensive
greaseball n 1 • derog; usu considered offensive
greaser n B1 • derog; usu considered offensive (MAP)
jig n1 3 • usu considered offensive
jigaboo n • usu considered offensive
Amish preaching soup n • PA, OH, and other Amish settlement areas
bank barn n • chiefly PA, OH, MD, VA, IN (MAP)
belling vbl n2 • now chiefly wPA, WV, OH, IN, MI (MAP)
berm n 3 • chiefly PA, OH, IN, WV (MAP)
black-bumper n • chiefly eOH, wPA
brier hopper n • OH, TN, KY
calling hours n pl • chiefly NEast, also OH, IN (MAP)
Canadian soldier n 1 • esp OH (MAP)
Carmelite n • swOH
carry-in n • chiefly IL, IN, OH (MAP and Map Section)
catawba n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OH, IN (MAP)
devil’s strip n • chiefly neOH
doodle n1 1 • chiefly IN, OH, PA (MAP)
dope n 2 • chiefly OH (MAP)
go-sheep-go n • chiefly Midl, esp OH (MAP)
haily-over n, exclam • esp NEast, OH (MAP and Map Section)
hall rack n • esp NEast, OH
hamburg n 1 • chiefly NEast, C Atl, OH, MI (MAP)
hatchway n • chiefly NEast, OH (MAP)
haw horse n • scattered, but esp IN, IL, OH
hedge orange n • esp KY, OH
hilliken n • OH
hillside plow n • chiefly Appalachians, sOH (MAP)
hobby n 1 • chiefly eKY, seOH, sWV
home fried potatoes n pl • chiefly NEast, OH (MAP and Map Section)
hoodlebug n • esp OH
hy spy n 2 • scattered east of Missip R, esp OH (MAP)
*John Henry n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEast, OH (MAP and Map Section)
Johnny Marzetti n • scattered, but esp OH, N Cent
mud boat n 1 • chiefly OH, IN, sIL (MAP)
muskellunge n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes, OH, PA, Upstate NY (MAP)
oven n 2 • chiefly NEast, OH, MI, CA (MAP)
peanut heaven n • chiefly OH, PA, C Atl (MAP)
peavine n 2 • esp OH (MAP)
pigoo exclam • chiefly OH Valley, Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
pike n2 • scattered, but esp OH, PA, KY
please interrog exclam • chiefly N Cent, esp OH
post-and-rail fence n • chiefly NJ, Delmarva, WV, KY, OH, scattered NEng (MAP)
pretty-by-night n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY, sOH
red dog n • chiefly wPA, WV, OH (MAP)
route n A2 • scattered, but chiefly IL, OH, wPA, WV, MD (MAP)
route n B1 • chiefly NEast, WV, OH, IL, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
run n 1a • scattered, but chiefly wPA, OH, WV, MD (MAP)
rutter n2 • sOH
sheaf n • widespread, but esp PA, MD, WV, OH (MAP)
shooting cracker n • PA, OH, MD, KY
shouting Methodist n • scattered, but esp C Atl, PA, OH, WV (MAP)
skitters n • chiefly PA, MD, WV, OH (MAP)
sling n 1 • esp MI, OH
slip n3 1 • esp KY, OH (MAP)
smearcase n • chiefly N Midl, esp PA, OH, MD, WV (MAP)
snoopy adj • esp PA, OH, MD
spigot n B2 • widespread, but chiefly Appalachians, Mid and C Atl, eOH (MAP)
splay v B • chiefly NJ, PA, OH, MI (MAP)
spouting n • chiefly PA, OH, Gt Lakes (MAP)
spring peeper n • scattered, but esp PA, OH, nNJ (MAP)
stove v2 4 • esp wPA, OH, WV
street lawn n • scattered, but esp OH
sucker bite n • chiefly wPA, eOH (MAP)
sugar cream pie n • esp IN, OH
sugar water n • chiefly sAppalachians, IN, OH, PA
swamp beech n • esp OH
swankey n 2 • PA, OH
sweet oak n 1 • esp IN, OH
teeter n 4 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, nOH (MAP)
thronged adj • esp OH
tree lawn n • chiefly Gt Lakes, esp OH (MAP)
trustee n • IL, IA, OH, WI
visiting hours n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, OH (MAP)
wen n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp nOH (MAP)
woods fly n • esp N and C Atl, OH (MAP)
goetta n • Cincinnati OH area
pony keg n • Cincinnati OH
three-way (chili) n • orig Cincinnati OH, now more widely known
Ohio River Valley; Ohio Valley
barefooted adj 1 • chiefly Mid and C Atl, Ohio Valley (MAP)
brethren n pl B • chiefly C Atl and Ohio River Valley
certain adv B3 • chiefly Mid and S Atl, NEng, Ohio Valley
drowsy adj 1 • esp Gulf States, Ohio Valley (MAP)
flat n1 3 • chiefly Missip and Ohio R Valleys, SE coast
flatboat n 1b • chiefly Missip Valley, Ohio Valley (MAP)
grass sack n • chiefly C Atl, Lower Missip Valley, Ohio Valley (MAP)
hang v B2 • scattered, but esp C Atl, Ohio Valley (MAP)
hate n • chiefly Appalachians, Ohio Valley
joeboat n • chiefly Ohio Valley, esp KY (MAP)
king’s ex exclam, n • chiefly west of Missip R, Gulf States, Ohio Valley (MAP and Map Section)
log wagon n 1 • scattered, but esp Lower Missip Valley, Ohio Valley, C Atl (MAP)
mouse cat n • esp Ohio Valley, Gulf States (MAP)
move-up n • esp Ohio Valley, NEast (MAP)
piece meal n • esp NC, VA, WV, Ohio Valley
road wagon n 1 • formerly more widespread, but now esp Ohio Valley (MAP)
rock n1 5 • chiefly Upper Missip and Ohio Valleys, C and S Atl (MAP)
Sweet Lucy n 1 • chiefly WV, Ohio Valley, wGulf States (MAP)
apishamore n • [Ojibwa apishamon something to lie down on]
muskeg n • [CanEngl < Algonquian (Ojibway mashkig, Cree mashkek)]
pegmonk n • [..cf Ojibwa mankw loon..]
siscowet n • [Ojibway pemitewiskawet..]
swan potato n • [Calque of the name in Ojibway (or a closely related lang)..]
wankapin n • [..perh cognate with Ojibwa wagipin..]
Okefenokee See Georgia, Okefenokee
antelope horn(s) n • chiefly KS, OK, TX
appaloosa n2 • chiefly Gulf States, AR, OK
bar ditch n 1 • chiefly OK, TX (MAP and Map Section)
blackland n • chiefly TX, OK, AR, LA (MAP)
black wax n • chiefly AR, sOK and esp nTX
blue whistler n 2 • chiefly OK, TX
bois d’arc n • chiefly TX, LA, OK, AR, TN, KY (MAP)
boll weevil n • esp TX, OK
broomweed n • chiefly KS, OK, TX
butcher calf n • chiefly TX, OK, LA (MAP)
care v B2 • chiefly FL, MS, AR, OK, NM (MAP)
chicken snake n 1 • chiefly Sth, Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
choc n2 • chiefly OK, TX, KS
cross timbers n • TX, OK
dugout n 1 • chiefly OK, KS, NE
Georgia stock n • chiefly Gulf States, AR, OK (MAP)
half dugout n • esp OK
hoodlum wagon n 2 • esp TX, OK, AR
Juneteenth n • chiefly OK, TX
larruping adj 1 • esp W Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
lick n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
light bread n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
Mexican sandburr n • chiefly KS, OK
Mexico n • OK
Missouri primrose n • esp TX, OK
mustang grape n • chiefly TX, OK
perch n1 B3 • esp TX, LA, AR, OK
pin oak n 2a • esp TX, OK
play-pretty n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
post oak n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
pully bone n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK, IL, IN (MAP)
rising n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
ruin v A2b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
sand bass n 3 • esp OK, TX
sand plum n 2 • esp Plains States, OK, TX
service car n • esp OK
short pot v phr • esp TX, OK
snake n 3b • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, KS, OK (MAP)
sofkee n • FL, OK
sorry adj B1 • scattered, but esp SE, Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
squaw patch n • esp OK, Plains States
state Negro n • OK
stewer n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
stinging scorpion n • chiefly OK, TX, LA (MAP)
storm house n 2 • chiefly Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
surly n • esp TX, OK (MAP)
swap work v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
swim v A1c • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
take v B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, MO, OK, TX (MAP)
tight n • chiefly SE, TX, OK (MAP)
tin horn n • esp TX, OK
tom fuller n • chiefly OK
tow sack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK
turd-floater n • esp TX, OK
*turn v B1 • widespread, but less freq Lower Missip Valley, nTX, OK, KY (MAP)
turtle n B • formerly widespread, now chiefly Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK
weevil n • esp TX, OK
Wewoka switch n • esp OK
wiggletail n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
wildcat adj • chiefly S Midl, AL, OK (MAP)
yellow n1 B • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
yo-yo n • chiefly TX, OK
old; older
a inert vowel • esp among old and less educ speakers
after prep, adv, conj, n (pronc) • esp among older speakers
again prep, adv, conj (pronc) • esp among older and less educ speakers
ague n (pronc) • esp among older speakers (MAP)
bronchial adj (pronc) • esp among male and old speakers and speakers with little formal educ
buckskin n 1 • esp among old and male Infs
china n (pronc) • chiefly among old speakers and speakers with little formal educ
cork v2 4 • esp among old speakers and those with less than high school educ
hiccup n (pronc) • esp among old speakers and coll educ speakers
mongrel n (pronc) • esp freq among old Infs and those with little formal educ |ˈmʌŋgrəl| (MAP)
okra n (pronc) • esp freq among older speakers and among speakers with little formal educ |ˈokri, -ɪ, ˈokər|
poison n, v, adj, adv (pronc) • esp freq among older speakers |ˈpaɪz(ə)n|
ridgeboard n • esp freq among older speakers
swim v A1c • esp freq among older rural speakers and among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
wagon wheel n 2 • esp among older speakers, rural speakers, and speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
wake v 1b • esp among older speakers (MAP)
washboard n 1 • esp freq among rural speakers, older speakers, and those with little formal educ (MAP)
whinny n, v 1 • esp among older, rural speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
old-fashioned (See also archaic)
a prep1 5 • chiefly among less educ and rural speakers; somewhat old-fash
A-B-Ab n • old-fash
abear v • old-fash or arch
abide v intr • old-fash
abouts adv • old-fash
abroad adv 1 • ?old-fash
abscess of the bowels n • old-fash
absquatulate v • formerly widespread, now old-fash; joc
accommodation n • old-fash
account n B • ?old-fash
acknowledge the corn v phr • old-fash, joc
act v B1 • old-fash
add-iron n • old-fash
admire v A • arch or old-fash
afear(e)d adj • somewhat old-fash
afore adv, conj, prep • old-fash
Africa n • somewhat old-fash
afterclap n 1 • old-fash
afterfeed(ing) n • old-fash
aftergrass n • old-fash
aftermath n • old-fash; occas considered a book word
again conj D • somewhat old-fash
against prep B1 • old-fash
age n 1 • old-fash
agent n 1 • somewhat old-fash
agey adj • somewhat old-fash
aggie forti(e)s n • old-fash
aglee adj • old-fash
agone adj • old-fash
ague n B1 • somewhat old-fash
ahind prep, adv • old-fash
ahorse(back) adv • somewhat old-fash
aild v tr • old-fash
ainna interrog exclam • somewhat old-fash, occas joc
airified adj • somewhat old-fash
airtight n 3 • old-fash
akinned adj • old-fash
Alabama n (pronc) • now old-fash or self-conscious usage
alcalde n • somewhat old-fash
alcaldia n • arch or old-fash
alderman n • somewhat old-fash
alight and look at one’s saddle v phr • somewhat old-fash
all day with one, be v phr • old-fash
all-fire n • old-fash, euphem
all-fired adj • somewhat old-fash
all-fired adv • somewhat old-fash
all in adj 1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
all is adv phr • old-fash
all kinds of a time n • old-fash
allot v • old-fash
all-overish adj • somewhat old-fash
allow v 1 • somewhat old-fash
alls n pl • old-fash
all sorts of adj phr • old-fash
all standing adv • old-fash
all wool and a yard wide adj phr • somewhat old-fash
along of prep 1 • somewhat old-fash
alter v • somewhat old-fash, sometimes euphem
always-ago adv • somewhat old-fash
always-ago n • somewhat old-fash
a many a adj phr • somewhat old-fash
and conj B1 • arch or old-fash
and conj B2 • somewhat old-fash
anend adv 3 • old-fash
anent prep • old-fash
angeliferous adj • old-fash
angledog n • somewhat old-fash
anigh adv • old-fash
anigh prep • old-fash
animal n B1 • euphem, esp among rural and male speakers; somewhat old-fash
ankle-tie n • old-fash
Anniversary Day n • old-fash
anoint v • somewhat old-fash
antigodlin adj, adv • somewhat old-fash
antigoglin adj, adv • somewhat old-fash
antiques and horribles n pl • old-fash
appendicitis n (pronc) • somewhat old-fash
appoint v (pronc) • old-fash or relic
apurpose adv • somewhat old-fash
aristocratic adj • rural, old-fash
asafetida bag n • old-fash
as good as adv phr • old-fash
assembly n • somewhat old-fash
at prep 1 • ?old-fash
ataunto adv, adj • old-fash
at oneself adj phr • somewhat old-fash
atween prep • old-fash
atwixt prep • old-fash
avalanche n 1 • old-fash
avast v • somewhat old-fash
awendaw n • old-fash
awful adj 1 • somewhat old-fash
ax-held n • old-fash
axle-tree n • somewhat old-fash
ay-la intj • old-fash
ayuh adv, intj • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
babe n • somewhat old-fash
baby wagon n • somewhat old-fash
bachelder n • old-fash
backcap v • somewhat old-fash
back-out n • old-fash or arch
backset v • somewhat old-fash
backside-to adv phr • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
back-step n • old-fash
baiting vbl n • somewhat old-fash
bake-oven n 1 • somewhat old-fash
bake-oven n 2 • somewhat old-fash
baker’s bread n • old-fash (Map Section)
banter v 1 • old-fash
barge n 2 • somewhat old-fash
barn door n 2a • somewhat old-fash
barn raising n 1 • old-fash
barrel n (pronc) • somewhat old-fash
barshare plow n • old-fash
basket sleigh n • old-fash
basket wagon n • old-fash
bat hide n • old-fash
batoon n • old-fash
battling block n • old-fash
battling stick n • old-fash
be v A2 (pronc) • somewhat old-fash
be v A5 (pronc) • old-fash
be v B1a(1) • somewhat old-fash
be v B1d • old-fash
be v B5c(1) • old-fash or arch
be v C1a • old-fash
be v C2c (pronc) • old-fash or arch
beanwater, be on one’s v phr • old-fash
bear n1 A (pronc) • old-fash
beaslings n pl • old-fash
beau v • old-fash
beetling block n • old-fash
begin v B • old-fash
belduque n • old-fash
benny n 1 • old-fash
bespoke adj 2 • old-fash
best room n • old-fash
between hawk and buzzard adv phr, adj phr 1 • old-fash
bible-back n 1 • old-fash
bide a wee v phr • old-fash
bigness n • old-fash
bilious, (the) n • old-fash
binnacle n • old-fash
binnewater n • old-fash
black betty n • old-fash
blackcap n 1 • somewhat old-fash
black diphtheria n • old-fash
black frost n 1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
black Tom n • old-fash
blankie-lie-low exclam, n • old-fash
blindman’s buff n a • somewhat old-fash
blind pig n • somewhat old-fash
blind-pigger n • somewhat old-fash
blind tiger n • somewhat old-fash
blink n1 • somewhat old-fash
blip n, intj • old-fash
blixen-bus n • old-fash
block n 5 • old-fash
block sleigh n • old-fash
bloom-sock n • old-fash
blow n1 • old-fash
blow v2 • old-fash
blow fire (out) v phr • old-fash
blue adj 2 • old-fash
blue as a whetstone adj phr • old-fash
bluenose n 2 • old-fash
board light n • old-fash
boat n 1 • old-fash, rural
body waist n • old-fash
boiled cake n • old-fash
boil the pot v phr • old-fash
bone n 1 • old-fash
bone v • old-fash
bonnyclabber n • somewhat old-fash
bonnyclabber cheese n • somewhat old-fash
booby hut n • old-fash
boodle n 2a • old-fash
book learning n • old-fash
boomalally n • old-fash
boot n1 3 • old-fash
boot v2 1 • old-fash
born days n • somewhat old-fash
borning vbl n • old-fash
bosh exclam • old-fash
bosh n • old-fash (MAP)
bosom-pin n • old-fash
bottled drink n • old-fash
bound out pple • old-fash
box iron n • old-fash
boyfriend n • somewhat old-fash
brack n • old-fash
bramble scythe n • old-fash
bran dance n • old-fash
brannigan n • old-fash
bran sack n • old-fash
brash adj2 • old-fash
brash n1 2 • old-fash
brashy adj2 • old-fash
break v B4 • old-fash
break v C6 • old-fash
breastbone n • old-fash
brewis n • old-fash
bright n 1 • old-fash
brimstone match n • old-fash
bring v C2 • old-fash
broad n • old-fash
brought-on ppl adj • somewhat old-fash
browse v 1 • somewhat old-fash
bruise v • old-fash
brush v2 • old-fash
brush-in n • old-fash
brush in v phr • old-fash
bub n2 3a • somewhat old-fash
bubby n1 1 • somewhat old-fash
buck n1 1b • somewhat old-fash
buck n1 1d • old-fash
buck n1 2e • somewhat old-fash; esp among women
buck beer n • old-fash or obs
bucket n 2b • old-fash
bucket n 2f • old-fash
bucket candy n • old-fash
bucket of blood n • somewhat old-fash
buckeye n 4 • old-fash
buck rake n • somewhat old-fash
buck up v phr 2 • old-fash
bud n2 1a • somewhat old-fash
buddy n 1a • somewhat old-fash
buffalo wallow n • old-fash
buffet n B1 • old-fash
build the fence v phr • old-fash, euphem
bulldog toe n • old-fash
bullpen n • old-fash
bull rake n • old-fash
bully-woolies n pl • old-fash
bum adj • somewhat old-fash
bunglesome adj • somewhat old-fash
bunkum adj • old-fash
burn daylight v phr • old-fash
burying ground n • old-fash
bus n1 B • old-fash (MAP)
bush n1 B1a • old-fash
bushwa n2, exclam • somewhat old-fash
buss v1 • somewhat old-fash
butternut n 3 • old-fash
buttery n • old-fash (MAP)
buzz n1 • somewhat old-fash
caba n • old-fash
cabbage v • old-fash
cackany n • old-fash
cactus boomer n • old-fash
cad n • arch or old-fash
cafugelty n • old-fash or obs
cake turner n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
calamanco n • old-fash
calamity n • old-fash
calculate v • somewhat old-fash
calico v • old-fash
callithumpian n • somewhat old-fash
cambric tea n • old-fash
camp meeting n • old-fash
can n 1 • old-fash
candy breaking n • old-fash
candy pulling n • old-fash (MAP)
candy stew n • old-fash
canker rash n • old-fash
card n1 B2 • old-fash
carriage-wheel wiper n • old-fash
carry v B4 • old-fash
cartoon n • old-fash
cascaron n • old-fash
cast v 1 • old-fash
caster n • old-fash
catch a weasel asleep v phr • old-fash
cat’s-paw n 8 • somewhat old-fash
catstick n • old-fash
causey n, v • old-fash
cellar case n • old-fash
cellar kitchen n • old-fash
cellar neck n • old-fash
center shot n 2 • old-fash
chaff bed n • old-fash
chain lightning n • old-fash
chalkie n • somewhat old-fash
chamber n B4 • euphem, somewhat old-fash
chamberwork n • old-fash
chance n B2 • old-fash, rare
chance n B3 • old-fash
changing chairs n • somewhat old-fash
chaparreras n pl • old-fash
charcoal n • old-fash, derog
charcoal iron n • old-fash
chart class n • old-fash
check n1 2 • old-fash
check n1 5 • old-fash
checker n 1 • old-fash
chermany n • old-fash
chestnut n 3 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
chewers n pl • somewhat old-fash
chicken-cock n • old-fash
chicken fixings n pl 1 • old-fash
chicken flutter n 1 • old-fash
chic sale(s) n • somewhat old-fash, joc (MAP)
chilblain n • somewhat old-fash
chip dirt n • old-fash
chounse v 1 • ?old-fash
chowderhead n • somewhat old-fash
Christer n 1 • derog ?old-fash
Christmas tree n 4 • somewhat old-fash
cider n • old-fash
cipher n 1 • old-fash (MAP)
cipher v 1 • old-fash
circuit rider n • somewhat old-fash
circumbendibus n • old-fash
circumstance n B1 • arch or old-fash
clark n, v • old-fash
clear adj B1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
clew n1 • old-fash
clew n2 • arch or old-fash
clinch bar n • old-fash
clipper n 1 • old-fash
coach-abower n • old-fash
coach horse n • old-fash
coaling n • old-fash
coal kiln n • old-fash
coaly n • old-fash
coaster n1 1 • old-fash
coaster n1 3 • old-fash
coat n • old-fash
cob n2 3 • old-fash
cobbler n1 1 • somewhat old-fash
cobhouse n 1 • old-fash
cockloft n • old-fash
cocksfoot grass n • old-fash
cod v • somewhat old-fash
cohee n • old-fash
cold-water n attrib • old-fash
collation n • old-fash
college ice n • somewhat old-fash
collogue v • old-fash
combinet n • old-fash
come v C2 • old-fash
comes, it comes n • ?old-fash
comfort bag n • old-fash
comforter n 2 • old-fash
common n 5 • old-fash
conceit v • old-fash
conduct v • old-fash
conflutement n • old-fash
congo n1 1 • old-fash
consarn v • somewhat old-fash, euphem
consumpted ppl adj • old-fash
consumption n • somewhat old-fash
continental n • somewhat old-fash
contoggle v • old-fash
contrive v • old-fash
coof n • old-fash
cook car n • old-fash
coop n1 B1 • somewhat old-fash
cope v1 • old-fash
Copenhagen n • old-fash
copper n 1 • old-fash
copperas n attrib • old-fash
corn barn n • somewhat old-fash
corn broom n • old-fash (MAP)
cornstalk fiddle n • old-fash
corporosity n • joc, old-fash
country n B2a • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
country fever n • old-fash
courting pistol n • old-fash
cousin v • old-fash
cover n B1 • old-fash
covered cars n pl • old-fash
cow country n • somewhat old-fash
cow critter n • old-fash
cowcumber n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
cow-in n • old-fash
cowpen v • old-fash
crab lantern n • old-fash
cracky wagon n • old-fash
crawthumper n • old-fash
cream tartar n • ?old-fash
creation intj • old-fash
creature n B1 • somewhat old-fash
creature n B3 • old-fash
creeper n 7 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
crock n1 2 • rural, old-fash
crock v1 2 • somewhat old-fash
crockery n • somewhat old-fash
cruddle v • old-fash
cruel adv • old-fash
cruelize v • old-fash
crust coffee n • old-fash
cry v 2 • old-fash
cuddy n • old-fash
cuidado v • old-fash
cumfluttered adj • old-fash
cunner n2 • old-fash
curl n, v (pronc) • somewhat old-fash
cut behind v phr • old-fash
cut one’s comb v phr • old-fash
cut stick v phr • old-fash
cut-under n • old-fash
cyclone n 1 • somewhat old-fash
cyclone n 2 • somewhat old-fash
cymbal n • old-fash
dabster n • old-fash
daddock n • old-fash
dangersome adj • old-fash
daylight down n • old-fash
deacon v 1 • old-fash
dead adj B1 • old-fash
deaf v • old-fash
deedie n • old-fash
deep-water Baptist n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
democrat sleigh n • old-fash
Dennis n • old-fash
despise v • somewhat old-fash
destructious adj • old-fash
devil n • old-fash,
diddy-wah-diddy n • old-fash
did you ever exclam • somewhat old-fash
dike n2 • old-fash
dingnation n • euphem, old-fash
dining day n • old-fash
dinky adj • old-fash
dinky n1 1 • old-fash
dirt n 2 • old-fash (MAP)
dish kettle n • old-fash
dishwater diarrhea n • joc, old-fash
dish wiper n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
dismals n pl 1 • old-fash
dive v 1 • old-fash
dive v 2 • old-fash
divide n 2 • old-fash
Dixie boy (plow) n • old-fash
do v A3 (pronc) • old-fash
do v B2 • old-fash
do v C1c • old-fash
doc n 2 • old-fash
docity n • old-fash
dogcart n • old-fash
doggy adj 1 • old-fash
doghouse stirrup n • old-fash
dog knife n • old-fash
dog’s age n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
dog stud n • old-fash, derog
dogwood toothbrush n • old-fash
doily n B1 • old-fash
doing n 3 • old-fash
dominie n • somewhat old-fash
donation party n • old-fash
dope n 1 • old-fash
dope n 2 • old-fash (MAP)
double arithmetic n • old-fash
double-back-action adj • old-fash
double cabin n • old-fash
double-team v 1 • old-fash
double-trouble n • old-fash
dough dish n • old-fash
Dougherty wagon n • old-fash
do-ups n pl • old-fash
doze v1 • somewhat old-fash
drabble v1 • old-fash
drail n • somewhat old-fash
drail v • somewhat old-fash
dreadnought n 1 • old-fash
dresser n • old-fash
dressing case n • old-fash
drip n 1 • somewhat old-fash
drive the nail v phr • old-fash
drop n C1 • somewhat old-fash
dropped egg n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
drought n A1 (pronc) • somewhat old-fash
droughty adj • old-fash
drummer n 6 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
duck on a rock n • old-fash (MAP)
ducks and drakes n 3 • old-fash
duffer n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
Dutch cheese n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
eagers n pl • old-fash
earn v • old-fash
earth n • old-fash
eastman n • among Black speakers; old-fash
eat v A2b (pronc) • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
eat v B2 • old-fash
eatables n pl • old-fash
ebenezer n 1 • old-fash
edge n B2 • somewhat old-fash
eenamost adv • old-fash
effet n • old-fash
egg butter n • old-fash
egg coffee n • old-fash
eight-day match n • old-fash
eight-square adj • old-fash
either adj, adv, pron, conj (pronc) • old-fash
elastic (band) n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
elder n1 • old-fash
electric light oil n • old-fash
elephant n 1 • old-fash
elm n (pronc) • esp freq among men and among rural Infs, somewhat old-fash |ˈɛləm|
elm peeler n 1 • old-fash
emmet n • old-fash
empt v • old-fash
emptins n pl • old-fash
endeavors, do one’s v phr • old-fash
engine n (pronc) • old-fash
English bean n • ?old-fash
English corn n • old-fash
English monkey n • somewhat old-fash
enjoy poor health v phr 1 • somewhat old-fash
enormous adv • old-fash
enough adv B • old-fash
enough sight adv phr • old-fash
enthralled ppl adj • old-fash
entire wheat bread n • old-fash
entitle n • old-fash
Ephraim n • old-fash
equalizer n 1 • old-fash
escalin n • old-fash
essence n 4 • old-fash
estray(ed) adj • old-fash
estufa n 2 • old-fash
eternal adj B • old-fash
Ethiopian n 1 • old-fash
Ethiopian paradise n • old-fash
eventide n • somewhat old-fash
everlasting yeast n • somewhat old-fash
ewe n (pronc) • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
example n • old-fash
eyelids, hang by one’s v phr • old-fash
face, run one’s v phr • somewhat old-fash
factory n • old-fash
faculized adj • old-fash
faculty n • old-fash
faddy n • old-fash
fail up v phr 1 • old-fash
faintified adj • somewhat old-fash
fainty adj 2 • somewhat old-fash
fair n • old-fash
faker n • somewhat old-fash
fall v B • somewhat old-fash
family way, in a adj phr • somewhat old-fash
fanner n 1 • old-fash
fantastic n • old-fash
fascinator n • old-fash
fasola n • somewhat old-fash
fat v • old-fash
fate n • old-fash
favorite n B • old-fash
fay v • old-fash
fearnought n • old-fash
feast n • somewhat old-fash
feather bed n 1 • old-fash
fee v 1 • old-fash
feed the fish(es) v phr • old-fash
feel one’s keeping v phr • somewhat old-fash
feeze n, v • old-fash
fence viewer n • old-fash
ferry-flat n • old-fash
fetch v A1 • old-fash
fetch v B1a • somewhat old-fash
fever and ague n 1 • old-fash
fid n 4 • old-fash
fiddle in v phr • old-fash
fidge v • old-fash
field bed n • old-fash
field-bred adj • old-fash
field driver n • old-fash
fierce adj (pronc) • old-fash
fifth quarter n • old-fash
figure v C1 • old-fash
file n2 • old-fash
file v1 • old-fash
fine cut adj phr • old-fash (MAP)
finely adv1 • old-fash
finify v • old-fash
finishment n • old-fash
fin out adj phr • old-fash
fireroom n • old-fash
firkin n • old-fash
first day n 1 • chiefly among Quakers; old-fash exc in ref to days of worship
fisgig n • old-fash
fist n1 B1 • somewhat old-fash
fitout n • old-fash
flail n • old-fash (MAP)
flail v • old-fash
flannen n • old-fash
flat n1 8 • old-fash
flatland plow n • old-fash
flaw n • old-fash
flax v 1a • old-fash
flea in one’s ear n • old-fash (MAP)
fleech v • old-fash
flesh fork n • old-fash
flinders n pl • old-fash
fling v B1 • old-fash
flitting n • somewhat old-fash
floating island n 2 • old-fash
flummery n 2 • old-fash
flummox n • somewhat old-fash
flunk v1 4 • old-fash
fogo n • old-fash
follow v (pronc) • old-fash
fool n2 • old-fash
foot-and-a-half n • old-fash
foothold n • old-fash
footing n • old-fash
footstool n 1 • old-fash
footy adj • old-fash
footy n • old-fash
fore-and-after n 1 • old-fash
forehanded adj • old-fash
forelay v • old-fash
foreroom n • old-fash
fortnight n • old-fash
fox fire n 1b • old-fash
freak n 1 • old-fash
free issue n • old-fash
freighter n 1 • old-fash
freight team n • old-fash
French candy n • old-fash
fresh yeast n 1 • old-fash
fresno n 2 • old-fash
fretty adj • old-fash
friction match n • old-fash
fried adj • old-fash
friedcake n 1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
fried shirt n • old-fash
from prep B6 • old-fash
frumenty n • old-fash
frypan ball n • old-fash
full adv 1 • old-fash
full split adv phr • old-fash
funeral door n • old-fash
furniture n B • old-fash
fush n • old-fash
fush out v phr • old-fash
fuss v C2 • old-fash
gad n1 1 • old-fash
gall shirt n • chiefly among Black speakers; somewhat old-fash
galluptious adj • old-fash
gallus adj • old-fash
gallus n 1 • old-fash
gander party n • ?old-fash
gang n 1 • old-fash
gape n C1 • old-fash
garden n (pronc) • once common, now old-fash
garden sauce n • old-fash
garret n 1 • old-fash
gather v B5 • old-fash (MAP)
gauze shirt n • old-fash
gem n • old-fash
generation n • old-fash
get v C1 • old-fash
gillflirt n • old-fash
ginger n 2 • somewhat old-fash
give v A1a • among Black speakers; old-fash
give v A1b • among Black speakers; old-fash
give v A2a • old-fash
give v A2c • among Black speakers; old-fash
give v A3a • old-fash
glim n 2 • old-fash
go-ahead adj • old-fash
goboon n • old-fash
go-by n • somewhat old-fash
go-cart n 4 • somewhat old-fash
gooseflesh n • somewhat old-fash
gossamer n • old-fash
government n (pronc) • old-fash
gown n • old-fash
graham bread n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
grandmother’s iron n • old-fash
granther n • old-fash
grasshopper n 3 • old-fash
grasshopper buggy n • old-fash
grass widow n 1 • somewhat old-fash
gray moose n 1 • old-fash
grease lamp n • old-fash
green sauce n • old-fash
griffe n • old-fash
grocery n 1 • old-fash
groundhog thrasher n • old-fash
growler n2 1 • old-fash
grum adj • old-fash
guardian n (pronc) • among speakers with little formal educ, old-fash
gum boot n • somewhat old-fash
gump n1 1 • old-fash
gumshoe n • somewhat old-fash
gumsuck v • old-fash
gun fence n • old-fash
gurney n • old-fash
guy v • somewhat old-fash
guzzle n 1 • somewhat old-fash
half n B1c(1) • somewhat old-fash
half-strainer n • old-fash
hall rack n • old-fash
handbag n 1 • somewhat old-fash
hand-me-down adj, n • somewhat old-fash
hardbound adj • old-fash
hard pushed adj phr • old-fash
haste v • old-fash
headpiece n 2 • old-fash
headpiece n 3 • old-fash
hear v B1 • somewhat old-fash
hearth n A1 (pronc) • somewhat old-fash; esp freq among speakers with little formal educ
hearth n B1 • somewhat old-fash
heathen Chinee n • old-fash
heave v A2 • somewhat old-fash, hove
hellfire n • somewhat old-fash
help v A3b (pronc) • old-fash
help v A3c • old-fash
hemp n 1 • old-fash
hemp n 2 • old-fash
hennery n a • old-fash (MAP)
hen tracks n pl • somewhat old-fash
herdic n • old-fash
hern pron • old-fash
het up adj phr • somewhat old-fash
hey interrog exclam 2 • old-fash (MAP)
high adj B7 • old-fash
hinder n • somewhat old-fash
hindside prep • old-fash
hindside-before adv • old-fash (MAP and Map Section)
hitch v 3 • old-fash (MAP)
hitch-up n • old-fash
hit the ball v phr 3 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
hit the pike v phr • somewhat old-fash
hobble n1 • old-fash
hockey n1 2 • old-fash
hod n 1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
hogreeve n • old-fash
hog rifle n 1 • old-fash
hog-wrestle n • somewhat old-fash
hokey, by exclam • somewhat old-fash
hokey-pokey n1 • old-fash
hold v A1a • somewhat old-fash
hold v C1d • somewhat old-fash
Holy Jumper n • old-fash
hombre n B1 • somewhat old-fash
home n B4a • somewhat old-fash
homely adj (pronc) • old-fash
hominy n B1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
honeyfuggle v • somewhat old-fash
hoochinoo n • old-fash
hoof n, exclam (pronc) • old-fash
hook n 6 • somewhat old-fash
hookem-snivey adj • old-fash
hooker n2 • somewhat old-fash
hoople n • old-fash
Hoosier cabinet n • old-fash
hopeful n • old-fash
hop pillow n • old-fash
hopple v • old-fash
hop, skip, and jump n a • somewhat old-fash
horn n 2 • old-fash
horn n 8a • old-fash
horn v 1a • somewhat old-fash
horn spoon n 2 • old-fash
horrors n pl 1 • somewhat old-fash
horse v C4 • old-fash
horse blanket n 2 • old-fash
horse rake n • old-fash
horse salt n • old-fash
horse-shed v 1 • somewhat old-fash
hot adj 1 • somewhat old-fash
housen n1 1 • old-fash
house-raising n • somewhat old-fash
housewife n • old-fash
how be you exclam • old-fash, sometimes joc
how-come-you-so adj 1 • old-fash
huckleberry n 6 • old-fash
huckleberry n 10 • somewhat old-fash
hudder n • old-fash (MAP)
hug-me-tight n 1 • old-fash
hunk adj 1 • somewhat old-fash
hunk n2 • old-fash
hunks n 1 • somewhat old-fash; occas affectionate
hunyak n 2 • somewhat old-fash; often derog
hurricane n A2b (pronc) • somewhat old-fash
hurricane n B1a • old-fash
husher n • somewhat old-fash
husk n B4b • somewhat old-fash
husking vbl n 2b • somewhat old-fash
hypo n 1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
hystericky adj • old-fash
ice-cream candy n • somewhat old-fash
ice-cream festival n • somewhat old-fash
icy mitt n • somewhat old-fash
if so be conj • old-fash
in prep B2 • somewhat old-fash
Indian bannock n • old-fash
Indian hug n • old-fash
Indian pudding n • old-fash (MAP)
infare n 1 • old-fash
in flew endways n • old-fash
Irish fight n • somewhat old-fash
iron dishcloth n • old-fash
iron man n 1 • somewhat old-fash
ironside n • old-fash
irrigate v B • somewhat old-fash
I should worry phr • old-fash
item n • old-fash
jack n1 16 • old-fash
jack Mormon n 1 • old-fash
jagger n1 a • old-fash
jagger wagon n • old-fash
jean n • old-fash
jell n • old-fash
jerk line n 1 • old-fash
jerkwater adj 1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
Jersey wagon n • old-fash
jimswinger n 1 • old-fash
jower v • somewhat old-fash
juckers n • old-fash
jugful(l), not by a adv phr • old-fash
julebukk n • somewhat old-fash
jumping adj 3 • old-fash
junket n • old-fash
justle n, v • old-fash
keep v B1b • somewhat old-fash
keep v B5a • old-fash
keeping room n • old-fash
keg n, v A1 (pronc) • somewhat old-fash
keno exclam • old-fash
kerosene oil n • old-fash (MAP and Map Section)
kickup n 1 • old-fash
kickup n 2 • old-fash
kid n1 b • old-fash
kiss-me-quick n 2 • old-fash
kiss the cook v phr • old-fash
kitchen chamber n • old-fash
kitchen dance n • somewhat old-fash
kitchen physic n • old-fash
kittly-bender n • old-fash
knockdown n • somewhat old-fash
knock down v phr 1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
ladle n • old-fash (MAP)
lady n • old-fash
lady gum n • old-fash
laggy adj • somewhat old-fash
la grippe n • old-fash
lam v 1 • old-fash
lamplighter n 1 • old-fash
lamplighter n 2 • old-fash
land rain n • old-fash
lapjack n • old-fash
lap organ n 1 • old-fash
larbo n • old-fash
large adj • old-fash
lashings n pl • old-fash
last button on Gabe’s coat n 1 • old-fash (MAP)
latch pin n • old-fash
lattermath n • old-fash
laugh n B1 • old-fash
laugh n B2 • somewhat old-fash
lay n1 1 • old-fash
lay n2 • somewhat old-fash
lay v 2a • old-fash
layoff n • old-fash
lay over v phr 1 • old-fash
lay up v phr 2 • old-fash
lazy board n 1 • old-fash
leader n 3 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
lean v B1 • old-fash
lean v B4 • somewhat old-fash
learn v B1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
levee n2 • old-fash
levy n1 • old-fash
like v1 C1 • somewhat old-fash
likely adj 1 • somewhat old-fash
lilac n, adj (pronc) • old-fash
linguister n • old-fash
little more and(, a) adv phr • old-fash
loaden v • old-fash
lock open v phr • old-fash
log-raising n • old-fash
logrolling vbl n 1 • old-fash (MAP)
long home n • old-fash
long sweetening n • somewhat old-fash
long-tailed sugar n • old-fash
long tom n 2 • old-fash
lucifer match n 1 • old-fash
macheer n • old-fash
Mackinaw boat n • old-fash
make v1 D12 • old-fash
mammy n1 2 • old-fash
manifac n, adj • old-fash
manteltree n • old-fash
March meeting n • old-fash
market-wagon n • old-fash
marsh n1 • old-fash
Mary Jane n 1 • old-fash
massacre n, v • old-fash
matter n1, v (pronc) • old-fash
matter n1 B1 • somewhat old-fash
mauger adj • old-fash
maul rails v phr 1 • old-fash
may v Aa • old-fash
mayhap adv • old-fash
mealer n • old-fash
meech v 1 • somewhat old-fash
meeching ppl adj • somewhat old-fash
meeting n 1a • somewhat old-fash
meetinghouse n 1 • somewhat old-fash
metheglin n • old-fash
milch cow n • old-fash (MAP)
minute pudding n • old-fash
mistress n • old-fash
mitten n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
mitten v 1 • old-fash
mizzle v2 • old-fash
mochila n • old-fash
mooncurser n • old-fash
Mother Hubbard saddle n • old-fash
mumble v • old-fash
mummy n1 • old-fash
mush v2 2 • old-fash
must vbl aux 1 • old-fash
Nantucket sleighride n • old-fash
nappy n1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
neap n1 • old-fash (MAP)
nerve n, v (pronc) • old-fash
new-milch adj • old-fash (MAP)
nickelette n • old-fash
nimshi n • prob old-fash
nipper n 1 • old-fash
noggin n 1 • old-fash
nor conj • old-fash
notch n 2 • old-fash (MAP)
notional adj • old-fash
nurse n 1 • old-fash
o-be-joyful n • somewhat old-fash
obstropolous adj • old-fash
odd-come-short n • old-fash
offen prep • somewhat old-fash
off ox n 2 • old-fash
offstart n • old-fash
old soldier n • old-fash
olykoek n • old-fash
on prep B1 • old-fash
onion n (pronc) • old-fash
opodeldoc n • old-fash
ordinary n • old-fash
ourn pron • somewhat old-fash
outen v 1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
overjet n 1 • old-fash
pa n A2 (pronc) • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
pack peddler n • old-fash
pair of bars n • old-fash
panada n • old-fash
pap n 1 • old-fash (MAP)
paring bee n • old-fash
parlor match n • old-fash
pass v 1c • somewhat old-fash
peck n1 • old-fash
peony n1 1 (pronc) • old-fash (MAP)
peony n1 2 (pronc) • old-fash (MAP)
periagua n • old-fash
pernickety adj • somewhat old- fash
petroleum (oil) n • somewhat old-fash
phiz n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
piazza n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
picture house n • old-fash
piece n 8 • old-fash (MAP)
piece v 1 • old-fash (MAP)
piece bag n • old-fash
pie melon n • old-fash (MAP)
piggery n 1 • old-fash (MAP)
piggin n 1 • old-fash
Piker n1 • old-fash
pill n 1 • old-fash; esp freq among male speakers
pillow sham n • somewhat old-fash
plank road n • old- fash
pilon n • old-fash (MAP)
plague n B1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
plague v C1 • somewhat old-fash; esp freq in rural areas
pluck n 1 • old-fash
plunk n 1 • old-fash
poison vine n 1 • old-fash
poke bonnet n • old-fash (MAP)
pokerish adj • old-fash
portemonnaie n • old-fash
Portland fancy n • old-fash
post n 2a • old-fash
potato n B2 • somewhat old-fash
potter v • old-fash
pounding barrel n • old-fash
power n 1 • old-fash
prayer n (pronc) • old-fash |ˈprɑə|
pressing club n • old-fash
pretty adj, adv, n A1c (pronc) • old-fash
pudding time n • old-fash
punging vbl n • old-fash
pussley n 1a • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
quartee n • old-fash
queen’s taste, to the adv phr • somewhat old-fashioned
quick consumption n • old-fash
quill n 4 • old-fash
quill wheel n 1 • old-fash
quilt v 1 • old-fash
quoit n A2 (pronc) • old-fash
quoit n B • old-fash (MAP)
quote v, n (pronc) • old-fash |kot|
racket store n • old-fash (MAP)
radish n (pronc) • somewhat old-fash |ˈrɛdɪš|
rag n1 4 • somewhat old-fash
raisin n (pronc) • also Sth, S Midl old-fash |ˈrizn|
ranchero n • old-fash
rancho n • old-fash
raspberry n • old-fash |ˈrɔz-, ˈrɑz-|
Rebellion n • old-fash
receipt n • old-fash
redd v 1 • old-fash
reefer n • old-fash (MAP)
refrigeration n • somewhat old-fash
remember v B1 • old-fash
Reuben n • old-fash
rheumatic n • old-fash
rheumatiz n • old-fash
rice hook n • old-fash
ride v1 A3b • old-fash
ridicule n • old-fash
rifle gun n • old-fash
rig-out n • old-fash
rise n 1 • old-fash
rising adj 1 • old-fash
roof n, v (pronc) • also old-fash |rʌf|
roost n 1 • old-fash (MAP)
ruinate v • old-fash
rule n • old-fash
runlet n • old-fash
sadiron n • old-fash
sagaciate v • old-fash
saint n • old-fash
saleratus n • old-fash
saltcellar n • old-fash
say v A2 • old-fash
scalawag n 1 • old-fash
scale n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
scholar n • old-fash (MAP)
scholar’s companion n • old-fash
search n, v (pronc) • old-fash |sɑ(r)č|
second-handed adj • somewhat old-fash
serenade n • old-fash (MAP)
sermon n (pronc) • old-fash |ˈsɑrmən(t)|
serpent n • old-fash
servant n (pronc) • old-fash |ˈsɑ(r)vənt|
set v1 B1 • old- fash
setting out n • old-fash
setting room n • old-fash
seven-up n 1 • old-fash
shakedown n 1 • old-fash (MAP)
shaker n 1 • old-fash
Shaker bonnet n • old-fash
shebang n • old-fash
shelving n • old-fash
shilling n • old-fash (MAP)
shimmy n1 • somewhat old-fash
shinny n1 1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
shives n pl • old-fash
shoestring n 3 • old-fash (MAP)
shutter n • old-fash
side and side adv phr • old-fash (MAP)
sidehill n 2b • old-fash (MAP)
sinkboat n • old-fash
sinkbox n 2 • old-fash
siss v • old-fash
slaunchwise adj, adv • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
sleazy adj (pronc) • old-fash |ˈslez|
slop n2 • somewhat old-fash
smart adj 1 • old-fash (MAP)
smoothing iron n • old-fash (MAP)
snipe n 8 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
snowshoe n 1 • old-fash
snug adj 1 • old-fash
soaked adj • old-fash
sociable n • somewhat old-fash
sod widow n • old-fash
soft beer n • old-fash
soldier v C • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
somebody n • old-fash
sonsy adj • old-fash
so 's 't conj • old-fash
spark v • old-fash
special n • old-fash (MAP)
spider n 1 • old-fash (MAP)
spit n1 1 • old-fash
spit image n • old-fash (MAP)
splay v B • old-fash (MAP)
split bonnet n • old-fash (MAP)
spoil v A1 (pronc) • somewhat old-fash
spoil v B • somewhat old-fash
spoon v C • old-fash
spout n • somewhat old-fash
spouty adj • old-fash
spread oneself v phr • somewhat old-fash
stairsteps n pl • old-fash (MAP)
stake-and-rider fence n • old-fash
stanchel n • old-fash (MAP)
stenner n • old-fash
stern n (pronc) • old-fash |stɑrn|
stick n 2 • old-fash (MAP)
sticking plaster n • old-fash
stile n1 • old-fash
stink base n • old-fash
stived ppl adj • old-fash
stock pea n 1 • old-fash
stogie n • old-fash
stone drag n • old-fash (MAP)
stook n 1 • old-fash (MAP)
storm house n 1 • old-fash (MAP)
street yarn n • old-fash
stuboy exclam, v • old-fash
stub scythe n • old-fash
stump v 1 • old-fash
subscription school n • old-fash
sugar n 4 • old-fash
sulky n 3 • old-fash
sumac n (pronc) • esp Nth, N Midl somewhat old-fash |ˈš(ɪ)umæk|
summer wood n • old-fash
sup v • old-fash
sup n • somewhat old-fash
supawn n • old-fash
supple-sawney n • old-fash
suption n1 • old-fash
suspicion v • old-fash
suz intj • old-fash
swamp n B1 • old-fash
swan v • somewhat old-fash
swap the chair(s) n • old-fash
switchel n • old-fash
swivel plow n • old-fash
table board n • old-fash
tacker n • old-fash
tad n1 1 • old-fash
tag-tail n • old-fash (MAP)
tailor v • old-fash
take v A2a • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
take down v phr • somewhat old-fash
take notice v phr • old-fash
tanglefoot n 1 • old-fash
tap n1 2 • old-fash
tap v1 • old-fash
tarpole wagon n • old-fash
task n • old-fash
tasted adj • old-fash
team n 2 • old-fash
tea up v phr • old-fash
teddy-bear (hair)cut n • old-fash (MAP)
teenchy adj • somewhat old-fash
teenty adj • old-fash
teeter n 4 • old-fash (MAP)
tell n 1 • old-fash
tenement n • old-fash
tetchy adj • old-fash (MAP)
tew v • old-fash
tew n1 • old-fash
there adv, adj, pron A2 (pronc) old-fash
thick of hearing adj phr • old-fash
thribble adj, adv, n, v • old-fash
throng adj • old-fash
thronged adj • old- fash
tick n2 • old-fash (MAP)
tickler n1 1 • old-fash
tidy n • old-fash
tie-ticket n • old-fash
time n C4 • old-fash
to adv C2 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
toad n 6 • old-fash
tog out v phr • old-fash (MAP)
togs n pl • somewhat old-fash; esp freq among women
tom n1 1 • old-fash
top n 3 • old-fash (MAP)
toper n • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
top milk n • old-fash
town ball n 1 • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
trace v1 • old-fash
transformation n • old-fash (MAP)
trig adj • somewhat old-fash
turnpike (cake) n • old-fash
umbrella n A3 (pronc) • old-fash
unsight unseen adv phr, adj phr • old-fash (MAP)
unwell adj • old-fash
usen v • old-fash
V n 1 • old-fash (MAP)
value n, v (pronc) • somewhat old-fash |ˈvælə, ˈvæl|
van v1 • old-fash
varnished car n • old-fash
vendue n • old-fash
vessel n • old-fash (MAP)
victual n • old-fash or joc
vum v • old-fash (MAP)
wad n • old-fash
wain n • old-fash
waken v • somewhat old-fash (MAP)
wamble-cropped adj • old-fash
wamus n • old-fash (MAP)
whay exclam • old-fash (MAP)
wheel n 2 • old-fash (MAP)
winding blades n pl • old-fash
winkle-hawk n • old-fash (MAP)
wood house n • old-fash (MAP)
Yankee corn n • old-fash
yolk n A2 (pronc) • old-fash
yolk n A3 (pronc) • old-fash
zephyr n • old-fash
zinc n • old-fash
zounds intj • old-fash
saguaro n • [MexSpan..prob < Opata (a Piman lang)..]
black ice n 2 • chiefly NEast, Rocky Mts and Pacific, esp WA, OR
Chinese pheasant n • chiefly Nth, esp OR, WA
chinquapin n B3 • chiefly CA, OR
cho cho n • OR
cobra plant n • nCA, swOR
doghole n 2 • nCA, sOR coasts
jota n • esp CA, sID, eOR
laurel n 5 • esp OR, CA
Mormon derrick n • esp UT, ID, eOR
myrtle n1 B4 • chiefly OR
parada n • CA, OR, NV
pelota n • esp sID, eOR
silver thaw n • esp OR, WA
splatter-ass n • CA, NV, OR
thunder egg n • chiefly West, esp OR
tule fish n • OR, WA
wheat duck n • OR
wokas n • chiefly sOR, nCA
Outer Banks See North Carolina, Outer Banks
overcorrected; overcorrection See hypercorrect
against conj C1 • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
antic adj 3 • Ozarks
arkansaw v • Ozarks
auger (around) v • Ozarks
back-actually adv • Ozarks
baking powders n • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
bald n • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
box house n 1 • chiefly S Midl, esp Ozarks
bush up v phr • chiefly Ozarks
cease v1 B • chiefly Sth, Ozarks (MAP)
cuckold v • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
draw v C15 • esp Ozarks
edzact v • sAppalachians, Ozarks
engineerman n • Ozarks
-es suff1 1a • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
-es suff1 3a • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
everly adv • sAppalachians, Ozarks
everwhat pron • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
everwhen conj, adv • sAppalachians, Ozarks
everwhich adj, pron • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
everwho pron • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
galoopus n • Ozarks
gowrow n • Ozarks
gum n2 3c • esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
hate v • KY, TN, Ozarks
hateful n • Ozarks, sAppalachians
hog molly n 1 • chiefly Ozarks, Missip Valley
hollow n1, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
hollow n1 B1a • esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
horsethrowed past ppl, ppl adj • sAppalachians, Ozarks
hull-gull n • S Midl, esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
husband-high adj • esp Appalachians, Ozarks
knowing n 1 • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
linesides n • esp Ozarks
meadow n (pronc) • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks, occas NEng
mother-naked adj phr • esp Ozarks
mountain boomer n 3 • chiefly Ozarks, SW
noodle v1 • esp Ozarks
noodling hook n • Ozarks
rifle gun n • now chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
rock house n 1 • Appalachians, Ozarks
rooster n 1 • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
sanko v • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
scribe n • esp Appalachians, Ozarks
several adj, n, pron C • esp Appalachians, Ozarks
shut-in n • sAppalachians, Ozarks
sleight n • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
snub v2 • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
song-ballad n • sAppalachians, Ozarks (MAP)
spend v B2 • sAppalachians, Ozarks
sulter v • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
sun-ball n • chiefly sAppalachians, Ozarks
tear-blanket n b • esp Ozarks
they-all pron • sAppalachians, Ozarks
tooth jumper n • sAppalachians, Ozarks
tread v 2 • chiefly Ozarks, sAppalachians
tutor v • esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
whitefish n 7 • Ozarks
whooping owl n • esp NEng, S Atl, Ozarks
P
Pacific (See also Pacific Northwest)
angel leaves n • Pacific coast
Arkie n • chiefly West, esp Pacific
arrowwood n g • Pacific
baby blue-eyes n pl • chiefly Pacific
batten n • scattered, but esp Pacific (MAP)
bear claw n • chiefly West, esp Pacific (MAP)
*billfold n • widespread, but least freq in NEast, Pacific (MAP)
bindle stiff n • scattered, but esp Pacific States
black ice n 2 • chiefly NEast, Rocky Mts and Pacific, esp WA, Oregon
blueblossom n • Pacific, esp CA
bluenose n 3 • chiefly Nth, Pacific
boss adj • scattered but esp in urban areas of Nth, N Midl, Pacific
buckaroo n • chiefly West, esp Pacific
bull of the woods n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Pacific (MAP)
butter clam n • Pacific Coast
California jay n • Pacific
candlefish n • Pacific
canyon oak n 1 • Pacific
chaparral broom n • chiefly Pacific
chicken halibut n • chiefly Pacific
Chinese croaker n • Pacific coast
Chinese mallard n • Pacific
coffee tree n 2 • chiefly Pacific
compie n • Pacific, esp CA
corvina n e • Pacific coast
*covered-dish meal n • widespread exc Pacific, Upper MW, WI, MI (MAP)
creamcups n 1 • Pacific
crevalle n a • esp S Atl, but also Pacific coast
cultus cod n • Pacific coast
divvy v • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
dobe n 3 • SW, Pacific (MAP)
*doughball n 2 • scattered, but less freq NEast, C and S Atl, Pacific (MAP)
elfin forest n • Pacific
fall salmon n • Pacific
feather n B9 • chiefly Nth, Pacific
flat n2 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
fogweed n • Pacific
forget-me-not n 1d • Pacific
frog n B2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Pacific (MAP)
gaper n • Pacific Coast
geoduck n 1 • Pacific coast, esp WA
*grandpa n A4 • scattered, but less freq N Atl, Pacific (MAP)
grass n 1 • chiefly NEast, Pacific (MAP)
gray goose n 2 • chiefly Pacific
green cod n 2 • Pacific coast
*grubworm n 1 • widespread exc NEast, Pacific (MAP)
*Guinea n1 5 • widespread exc NEast, Pacific (MAP)
*gully washer n • widespread exc NEng, less freq Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)
gyppo n • chiefly NW, Pacific
hard-shell clam n 2 • Pacific
*hog n B1a • widespread, but least freq Pacific, NEast
hooter n 1 • Pacific
horse mackerel n 10 • Pacific
hull n B1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
hyacinth n 1 • Pacific
*icing n 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
icky adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
Indian lettuce n 3 • chiefly Pacific
Indian pond lily n • Pacific
Indian potato n e • Pacific
killdeer n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW, Pacific (MAP)
king salmon n • Pacific, AK
laundry tray n • esp Pacific
*lightning bug n • widespread, but slightly less freq Nth, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
littleneck n 2 • Pacific
*loft n 1 • widespread, but freq Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
*median (strip) n 1a • widespread exc Pacific, Rocky Mts, LA, MS (MAP)
midshipman n • chiefly Pacific coast
minnow n B2c • Pacific coast
*molasses n C1 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)
monkey face n 1 • esp Pacific
mountain dandelion n • Rocky Mts, Pacific
mud wasp n • chiefly NEast; also Inland Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)
mush n1 1 • widespread, but esp Pacific (MAP)
nievitas n • Pacific
no-see-um n 1 • chiefly Nth, Pacific (MAP)
Okie n • chiefly Pacific, esp CA (MAP)
old-man-in-the-spring n • Pacific
Ole Ole Olson all in free exclam • chiefly N Cent, Pacific; also NEast (MAP)
peewee n1 3 • esp Pacific
perch n1 B5 • Pacific
pestle parsnip n • Pacific
*picture show n • widespread, but less freq NEast, C Atl, Pacific (MAP)
Piker n1 • chiefly Pacific Coast, esp CA
pit n2 1b • widespread, but somewhat more freq Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)
pit n2 1c • chiefly Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)
pogy n 4 • Pacific
*poison ivy n 1 • widespread, but less freq Pacific (MAP)
poison larkspur n • chiefly Pacific
porgy n1 5 • Pacific
post oak n 2 • Pacific
quoit n B • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Pacific, esp NEast (MAP)
rattlesnake grass n 4 • esp NW, Pacific
red snapper n 2 • AK, Pacific
*ridge roll n • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes, Pacific (MAP)
rock cockle n • Pacific
rope n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
ryegrass n 2 • esp Pacific
sage hen n1 • Pacific, Rocky Mts
sap v 2 • esp Pacific (MAP)
Scandihoovian n, adj • chiefly Upper MW, Pacific (MAP)
scorpion n B4 • Pacific
sea perch n d • Pacific
shank’s pony n • chiefly N Cent, Pacific (MAP)
sheepherder n • chiefly Rocky Mts, Pacific
silversides n 3 • chiefly Pacific
slug n 2 • Pacific
split pea soup n • chiefly Nth, Pacific (MAP)
spot back(s) exclam • Pacific
to adv C2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast; also Pacific (MAP)
Toonerville trolley n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
tule n 1 • chiefly Pacific (esp CA), SW
tule n 2 • chiefly Pacific, esp CA (MAP)
tule wren n • Pacific
whoop n C2 • scattered, but esp S Atl, Gulf States, Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Pacific (MAP)
wood tick n 1 • scattered, but esp freq Nth, N Midl, Rocky Mts, Pacific; also W Midl (MAP)
wop n1 1 • widespread, but esp freq NEast, Pacific (MAP)
*woven wire n • widespread, but less freq Atl coast, Gulf States, SW, Pacific (MAP)
Yid n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)
*zinnia n (pronc) • widespread, but less freq Nth, Pacific |ˈzinjə|
Pacific Northwest (See also Northwest)
Alaska pine n • Pacific NW
Alaska robin n • Pacific NW
ape n 2 • Pacific NW
appleknocker n 5 • Pacific NW
arch n 5 • West, esp Pacific NW
avalanche lily n • Pacific NW
bed n B3 • chiefly Pacific NW
bed v 1 • now chiefly Pacific NW
bight n 2 • chiefly Pacific NW
boiler n1 3 • chiefly Nth, Pacific NW
boil up v phr • chiefly Nth, Pacific NW
boomer n1 2 • chiefly Pacific NW
brow log n • Pacific NW
bucker n2 1 • Nthn logging areas, esp Pacific NW
bull bucker n • chiefly Pacific NW
bull fuck n • Pacific NW
bull of the woods n 1 • chiefly Nth, Pacific NW
candyflower n • Pacific NW
candystick n 2 • Pacific NW
candy wagon n • Pacific NW
chaser n 1 • chiefly Pacific NW
chatterbox n • chiefly Pacific NW
cheechako n • AK, Pacific NW
China lettuce n • Pacific NW
chinook salmon n • chiefly Pacific NW
choker n 1 • Nth, esp Pacific NW
clam gun n • chiefly Pacific NW
codfish n1 • Pacific NW
Columbia River salmon n • Pacific NW
Columbia River smelt n • Pacific NW
corkscrew n • Pacific NW
cous n • Pacific NW
cow cockle n • chiefly Plains States, Pacific NW
crawfish v 2 • chiefly Sth, W Midl, Pacific NW (MAP)
crummy n 2 • chiefly Pacific NW
cuitan n • Pacific NW
cultus adj • Pacific NW
deerhorn n 1 • chiefly Pacific NW
deer-tongue n 3 • Pacific NW
donkey n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp Pacific NW
duff n 4 • NEast, Pacific NW
eulachon n • Pacific NW
fairy lantern n 2 • CA, Pacific NW
faller n • chiefly Pacific NW; less freq Upper MW, NEng
fernhopper n • Pacific NW
fish wheel n • Pacific NW, AK
four-five-six n • Pacific NW
goose pen n • Pacific NW
grass widow n 3 • chiefly AK, Pacific NW
gray jay n • esp Rocky Mts, Pacific NW
ground cedar n 2 • chiefly NEast, Pacific NW, AK
gut wrapper n • chiefly Pacific NW
high climber n • chiefly Pacific NW
holdback n • Pacific NW
hooker n1 2 • chiefly Pacific NW
hoopid salmon n • chiefly Pacific NW
icta n • Pacific NW, AK
Indian peach n 2 • Pacific NW
Indian plum n 2 • Pacific NW
Indian rice n 3 • Pacific NW, AK
Indian thistle n 2 • CA, Pacific NW
jill poke v • Pacific NW
kick v B5 • Pacific NW (MAP)
killapie adj, n • Pacific NW
klootchman n • chiefly Pacific NW, AK
lace flower n 2 • Pacific NW, AK
lamb’s tongue n 1 • chiefly Pacific NW
land otter n • esp AK, Pacific NW
larch n 2 • Pacific NW
locie n • Nth, esp Pacific NW
long butt n • esp Pacific NW
main line n 1 • Pacific NW
memaloose adj, n • Pacific NW
mountain balm n 3 • esp Pacific NW
mountain bunchgrass n 1 • Pacific NW
Norski n • chiefly MI, WI, Upper MW, Pacific NW (MAP)
periwinkle n2 2 • chiefly Pacific NW, CA
pole road n 2b • Pacific NW
potlatch n • chiefly Pacific NW, AK
potlatch v • Pacific NW, AK
Puget Sound pine n • Pacific NW
puncher n 3 • Pacific NW
redside n 1 • Pacific NW
road donkey n • Pacific NW
Sasquatch n • Pacific NW
serviceberry n • chiefly S Midl, Pacific NW, Rocky Mts (MAP)
shallon n • chiefly Pacific NW
short log n • Pacific NW
sic ’em, not to know v phr • chiefly Inland Nth, esp Pacific NW, Rocky Mts, Upper MW (MAP)
side n2 1 • chiefly Nth, esp Pacific NW
sidehill n 2d • Pacific NW
sinker n 3 • chiefly Pacific NW
skibby n • chiefly CA, Pacific NW
skid road n • chiefly Pacific NW
smell-leaves n • Pacific NW
snoose n1 • chiefly Pacific NW, Rocky Mts, Upper MW, WI (MAP)
soreback adj • esp Pacific NW
spar tree n • chiefly Pacific NW
springboard n • chiefly Pacific NW
spring salmon n • esp Pacific NW
squaw hitch n 2 • Pacific NW
stump ranch n • Pacific NW
sugar bowl(s) n • chiefly Pacific NW
Swede n 2b • chiefly Nth, esp Pacific NW
tail hold n 2 • Pacific NW
timber beast n • Nth, esp Pacific NW
tin pants n pl • chiefly Pacific NW
turn n 1b • esp Pacific NW
tyee n 1 • Pacific NW
wapato n • Pacific NW
whistle punk n • chiefly Pacific NW
yard n • chiefly NEng, Pacific NW
yard v • chiefly NEng, Pacific NW
yarder n 2 • Pacific NW
yellow bells n 1 • esp Pacific NW
pogonip n • [Paiute]
sego lily n • [Paiute sego..]
Palm Beach See Florida, Palm Beach
critter n B3 • patronizing
aftergrass n • chiefly neME, nPA, and settlement areas
after night adv phr • chiefly PA
all adj2 • chiefly PA, also N Cent (MAP)
all anymore adj phr • PA, NJ
already adv B1 • chiefly sePA and other Ger settlement areas
Amish preaching soup n • PA, OH, and other Amish settlement areas
apee n • PA
baby coach n • chiefly ePA, sNJ, DE, MD (MAP)
backsie adj • ?chiefly PA
bag v 1 • chiefly PA, esp Philadelphia area, and sNJ
bank barn n • chiefly PA, OH, MD, VA, IN (MAP)
barn burner n 1 • chiefly PA, sNJ, MD (MAP)
bauchgot n • sePA
be v C2b • chiefly NEng, NY, nPA; also Sth, esp eVA, eNC
bealed ppl adj • chiefly Appalachians, esp wPA (MAP)
bee v • chiefly Ger settlement areas, esp PA
belling vbl n2 • now chiefly wPA, WV, OH, IN, MI (MAP)
belly-bumper n, adv, v 1 • chiefly sNEng, PA (MAP)
belly-gut n, v, adv 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, PA (MAP)
belsnickeling pres pple, vbl n • Ger settlement areas, esp PA
berm n 3 • chiefly PA, OH, IN, WV (MAP)
black-bumper n • chiefly eOH, wPA
bluebottle n 2 • esp PA
boogey lice n • sePA
bube n • Ger settlement areas in PA, IL
bube lice n • PA
buckleback n, adv • sePA
bull band n • chiefly wMD, sePA
bull-in-the-ring n 1 • scattered, but esp PA (MAP)
*bundle n B1 • widespread exc wMD, sPA, WV (MAP)
burned hazel n • sePA
butty n1 • esp PA
byo n1 • PA
carbon oil n • chiefly swPA
caretaker n • chiefly PA (MAP)
cat shit n • chiefly PA, NJ, NY (MAP)
catty n1 1 • chiefly MD, NJ, NY, PA (MAP)
chair n (pronc) • Sth and S Midl, scattered in PA, NEng
chicken corn soup n • chiefly PA (MAP)
chinch n3 • chiefly ePA
chip n1 3 • PA
cluck adj • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW
cluck n 1 • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
cluck v • Nth, esp PA, WI, Upper MW
coconut strip n • chiefly PA
cook turnips v phr • chiefly PA
cornerball n • esp PA
corn pudding n • scattered, but esp PA, VA, KY (MAP)
cracky wagon n • esp PA, WV
creamed cabbage n • esp PA
crimp v 3 • chiefly N Cent, PA, NY (MAP)
crimper n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, PA, NY (MAP)
cripple n1 • eNY, ePA, NJ
dearborn n • formerly widespread, now chiefly sePA, nMD, DE
deck sheaf n • PA
diamond n B1 • PA
dickey n2 1 • chiefly NY, PA
dipsy n • PA
doc n 1 • chiefly PA, NY (MAP)
doggie n 2 • esp PA
doodle n1 1 • chiefly IN, OH, PA (MAP)
dornick n 1a • formerly more widespread; now esp N Cent, PA (MAP)
dough tray n • scattered, but esp PA
dress v 4 • PA, wMD
dressing n 4 • chiefly PA (MAP)
drought n A5 (pronc) • esp wPA
duck on davy n • chiefly NJ, PA, IN
Dunker n • chiefly N Midl, esp PA
Dutch n 4 • chiefly PA
elbedritsch n • sePA (MAP)
esel n • esp PA
fag n • scattered, but esp NY, PA, CA
faggot n • scattered, but esp NY, PA
farm for (the) half v phr • chiefly PA
fastnacht n • chiefly PA
file n2 • chiefly NY, NJ, PA
file v1 • chiefly NY, NJ, PA
firebug n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, PA (MAP)
flatland plow n • NY, nPA
flitch n 1 • chiefly PA (MAP)
flitting n • chiefly PA
fly n2 2 • scattered, but esp PA (MAP)
food n (pronc) • wPA, sNY, nNJ
for prep C2 • chiefly PA
*frigidaire n • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, PA, West (MAP)
funeral pie n • PA
fuss-button n • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
gay adj 1 • esp PA
get awake v phr • chiefly PA (MAP)
gooney n 4 • esp PA, NY
goshawk n • esp PA, NY, NJ
goshawk n 1 • now chiefly Gt Lakes, PA (MAP)
grinnie n 1 • chiefly N Midl, esp wPA
ground cellar n • esp PA
ground chippy n 1 • esp PA
ground hackee n • esp csPA
gum band n • chiefly PA (MAP)
gummy adj • esp PA
half farmer n • PA
hap n • chiefly PA
hasenpfeffer n • chiefly ePA (MAP)
hay flat n • PA
hay hole n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl, esp PA (MAP)
hide-and-seek n A • PA
hisser n • chiefly PA (MAP)
hit it v phr 1 • scattered, but esp PA, MD, DE
hoagie n • chiefly PA, NJ, but becoming more widely recognized (MAP and Map Section)
hokey-pokey n1 • scattered, but esp PA
hook school v phr • esp MD, PA, VA
horning n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp Upstate NY, nPA (MAP)
hot beans n • esp MD, NJ, PA
housing n3 • PA
hutch n1 1 • PA
ice tag n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
ivy poison n • esp PA
Jabib n • NJ, sePA
jag v1 • esp PA
jagger n1 b • chiefly PA
jag-off n • esp PA
Jenny Lind n • esp PA
Jewish pickle n • esp PA, NJ, NY (MAP)
jouk v1 • esp PA
jumbo n 3 • swPA
Juneberry n 1 • chiefly MI, MN, WI; also PA (MAP)
kittly-bender n • esp MA, PA
knepp n pl • chiefly PA (MAP)
kuchen n • Ger settlement areas, esp N Cent, PA (MAP)
laugh n B2 • chiefly sePA
lay low sheepie n • esp PA, NJ (MAP)
lazy wife (bean) n • scattered, but esp PA
leave out v phr 2 • chiefly Ger settlement areas, esp PA
let v C • chiefly Ger settlement areas, esp sePA
little n C2 • Ger settlement areas, esp PA, WI
little Sally Water(s) n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp PA (MAP)
liver-grown adj • chiefly sAppalachians, PA
long-fingered adj • chiefly Gt Lakes, PA (MAP)
Lucy Bowles n • scattered, but esp PA, NJ, seNY (MAP)
make down v phr 3 • chiefly PA
marrowfat (bean) n • chiefly nNJ, NY, PA (MAP)
me adj b • esp NJ, ePA
median (strip) n 1b • chiefly PA, sNJ; also HI (MAP)
metzel soup n • chiefly sePA
Mick n 2 • scattered, but esp PA (MAP)
mischief night n • esp NJ, sePA
misht n • sePA
mister n 1 • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, PA (MAP)
mom-mom n • PA, NJ, DE, MD (MAP)
monkey n1 B3 • sePA, sNJ (MAP)
Montgomery pie n • sPA
moshey n • sePA
moving day n • esp NY, PA
mow hole n • esp Appalachians, PA, NJ (MAP)
mud gutter n • NYC, NJ, PA
mud swallow n • chiefly West; also PA, NY, NJ (MAP)
muley adj, n2 A3 (pronc) • chiefly Upstate NY, nPA, wGt Lakes (MAP)
mum n1 • chiefly NEng, wPA (MAP)
muskellunge n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes, OH, PA, Upstate NY (MAP)
nauseous adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NYC, NJ, PA (MAP)
neb v • PA
nebby adj • chiefly PA
neb-nose n • chiefly PA (MAP)
need v 2 • chiefly Midl, esp PA
newsy adj • chiefly C Atl, esp PA
on prep B9 • chiefly S and Mid Atl, PA (MAP)
onion snow n • chiefly PA
outen v 1 • chiefly PA; also SC (MAP)
overden n • chiefly sePA
overhead n 1 • orig esp PA, now more widespread
overshot n 1 • chiefly PA
pale fence n • chiefly Atlantic, esp PA (MAP)
*pancake turner n • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl, PA (MAP)
panhas n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
pank v • chiefly nMI; also PA, Upstate NY
pap-pap n (pronc) • PA, MD
pavement n • scattered, but chiefly C Atl, esp sePA; also Gulf States
peanut heaven n • chiefly OH, PA, C Atl (MAP)
peep n 3 • chiefly PA, MD
pee-pee exclam • esp PA, Mid Atl; also LA, TX
pepper cabbage n • chiefly PA (MAP)
pepper pot (soup) n • esp ePA (MAP)
pheasant n 1a • chiefly Midl, esp PA, sAppalachians
pierogi n • chiefly in Polish settlement areas, esp PA
pig maw n • esp PA
pike n2 • scattered, but esp OH, PA, KY
Pinchot (road) n • PA
plain adj • chiefly PA
pocketbook roll n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp PA (MAP)
poker n2 1 • PA
polinky n • esp PA
pollyanna n • chiefly N Midl, esp PA
polly-in-a-bag n • PA
Pool n • nePA
poor man’s pie n 1 • esp PA
*pop n1 • widespread, but less freq N Atl, ePA, Sth, eMO, sIL (MAP)
pop-pop n • chiefly PA, NJ, DE, MD (MAP)
potato bun n • chiefly Nth, esp PA
pot cheese n • chiefly NY, NJ, nPA, CT (MAP)
potpie n 1 • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
potstick n • esp PA
powwow n • chiefly PA
powwow v • chiefly PA
preacher Jack n • scattered, but more freq NY, PA, wGt Lakes
punk n2 2 • formerly chiefly N and C Atl; now esp PA (MAP)
punkie n1 1 • chiefly Upstate NY, PA (MAP)
Quaker ladies n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp PA (MAP)
quoit n A1 (pronc) • formerly widespread, now esp NJ, PA, Upstate NY, wMA (MAP)
radiator n (pronc) • esp PA |ˈrædietə(r)|
rainspout n • scattered, but esp PA, MD, NJ (MAP)
rainspouting n • esp MD, PA
ratgut n • esp PA, NY, NJ (MAP)
red beet egg n • esp PA
redd v 3a • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
redd v 3b • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
red dog n • chiefly wPA, WV, OH (MAP)
red-legged turtle n • esp PA, NJ
red light n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, PA (MAP)
residenter n 2 • esp PA
rift v • esp PA
route n A2 • scattered, but chiefly IL, OH, wPA, WV, MD (MAP)
rum n3 • NCent, PA (MAP)
run n 1a • scattered, but chiefly wPA, OH, WV, MD (MAP)
rutchie n • sePA
*sack n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, sPA (MAP)
saddy exclam • chiefly PA
salad bird n • PA
schnitz n1 • chiefly PA (MAP)
schussel n • PA
scoop n 1 • scattered, but esp NY, PA, IN (MAP)
scrapple n • scattered, but chiefly Midl, esp PA, MD, C Atl (MAP)
scrunt n • esp PA
scutch v1 • esp PA
sea foam n 1 • esp PA, Mid and C Atl, N Cent (MAP)
shaking fork n • esp PA
share farmer n • esp PA, N Cent (MAP)
sheaf n • widespread, but esp PA, MD, WV, OH (MAP)
shellbark hickory n • esp NJ, PA, WV, N Cent (MAP)
shepherd’s pie n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp PA (MAP)
shit, meaner than adj phr • chiefly NJ, PA, NY (MAP)
shoofly pie n • chiefly PA (MAP)
shooting cracker n • PA, OH, MD, KY
shouting Methodist n • scattered, but esp C Atl, PA, OH, WV (MAP)
skimmelton n • chiefly Hudson Valley, nNJ, nePA (MAP)
skipper n 2 • esp PA
skitters n • chiefly PA, MD, WV, OH (MAP)
slapper n • esp DE, PA
sled ride v phr • esp wPA, eIN, sAppalachians (MAP)
slinging statues n • scattered, but esp Inland Sth, PA (MAP)
slippy adj • chiefly PA; also Sth (MAP)
smearcase n • chiefly N Midl, esp PA, OH, MD, WV (MAP)
snake guarder n • sePA
snake servant n • PA
snapper soup n • chiefly NJ, ePA
snoopy adj • esp PA, OH, MD
snuff rubber n • esp DE, MD, PA, WV (MAP)
soft maple n • chiefly wNEng, Upstate NY, nPA, N Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
sots n • esp PA
*sowbelly n • widespread, but less freq N and Mid Atl, PA, c,sCA (MAP)
spatzie n 1 • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, PA (MAP)
spite v • esp PA
splay v B • chiefly NJ, PA, OH, MI (MAP)
spot v • scattered, but esp PA, VA
spotlight hunting n • scattered, but esp PA (MAP)
spouting n • chiefly PA, OH, Gt Lakes (MAP)
sprag v • chiefly PA
spring beauty n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp N Cent, PA, Upstate NY
spring peeper n • scattered, but esp PA, OH, nNJ (MAP)
spritz v • chiefly PA (MAP)
spritz n 2 • chiefly PA
stable n 1 • esp PA, Upper Missip Valley
steel n, v (pronc) • scattered, but esp wPA |stɪl|
stenner n • chiefly sePA
stick wagon n • chiefly PA, MD
stone row n • chiefly NJ, PA
stove v2 4 • esp wPA, OH, WV
strange adj 3 • scattered, but esp PA
stranger n • esp PA
sucker bite n • chiefly wPA, eOH (MAP)
sugar camp n • chiefly N Cent, WV, wPA (MAP)
sugar water n • chiefly sAppalachians, IN, OH, PA
Susquehanna salmon n • chiefly PA
swankey n 2 • PA, OH
Swede fence n • esp sePA
tacker n • chiefly DE, MD, NJ, ePA
tad n3 • esp PA
taffy n 1 • scattered, but esp PA, NJ (MAP)
teddy-bear (hair)cut n • esp PA, MD (MAP)
telly pole n • chiefly PA
tenner n • chiefly wPA, Gt Lakes
Texas hot (wiener) n • chiefly nNJ, Upstate NY, PA
thick milk n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp PA (MAP)
three-foot n • PA
throng adj • esp PA
thundergust n • chiefly NEast, esp PA, NJ
tickly-bender(s) n • chiefly NEast, esp PA, NJ
tobacco ladder n • sePA
toby n 1 • chiefly wPA, nMD (MAP)
toby tree n • esp PA
tomato pie n • esp CT, NJ, NY, PA
trail n • esp PA
trefoil n 1 • scattered, but esp wNY, PA (MAP)
trolley bun n • NJ, PA
trolley park n • chiefly NEast, esp PA
tureen dinner n • chiefly Upstate NY, wPA (MAP and Map Section)
twin-sled n • esp wPA
umbrella plant n a • chiefly N Cent, PA (MAP)
vendue crier n • chiefly PA
viewing n • chiefly PA, NJ, MD, DE; also UT (MAP)
wamus n • chiefly N Cent, PA (MAP)
want v1 C3 • chiefly Midl, esp wPA
want v1 D • PA
water gap n 2 • orig chiefly NY, NJ, PA; now more widespread in technical language
water ice n • now esp sePA, sNJ
water smeller n • chiefly PA
wear v C2 • PA
whenever conj a • Sth, S Midl, wPA
whiffet n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp PA
wicket n • esp PA, NJ (MAP)
wildfire n • PA
wineberry n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, PA
wire ball n • esp sePA, MD
wooden hill n • scattered, but esp NY, PA, NJ
wriggler n 1 • esp Inland Nth, PA, CA (MAP)
X's-and-O's n • esp N Cent, PA, WV (MAP)
Yankee bump n • chiefly swPA
Yinzer n • wPA
york v • esp Gt Lakes, PA
you-uns pron1 • esp wPA yins, yinz
zep n • PA, esp sePA
zitterli n • se,csPA
Pennsylvania German See German, Pennsylvania
*-a • chiefly wNEng south through NC (exc NYC and Philadelphia PA areas), Cent and SW
bag v 1 • chiefly PA, esp Philadelphia area, and sNJ
sisper shame exclam • Philadelphia PA
square n1 B1 • scattered, but esp Philadelphia PA area
pilau n1 • [Ult from Persian pilāw..]
Philadelphia See Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
Philippine (See also Tagalog)
bayao n • [Tagalog and related Philippine languages]
chippy n2 • [Echoic or phonosymbolic]
eentsy adj • [Phonosymbolic]
allee samee adv phr • [Imit of presumed Pidgin English]
bimeby adv • [..widespread in pidgin and creole English of 17th cent and after]
broadus n • [..prob from Port barata bargain, a loanword into Afr pidgins or creoles..]
catch v B12 • [Pacific maritime pidgins]
cumshaw n • [Chinese (Amoy) pidgin]
Piedmont See Virginia
saguaro n • [MexSpan..prob < Opata (a Piman lang)..]
beef n 2 • esp in Plains States, TX
black blizzard n • chiefly Plains States
blinky adj 1a • chiefly W Midl, Plains States, SW (MAP)
breaker n 1 • esp Plains States
camp tender n • chiefly Plains States, West
*cellar n1 B2 • widespread, but least freq Plains States, Rocky Mts (MAP)
cow cockle n • chiefly Plains States, Pacific NW
*flat n1 1a • widespread, but less freq Missip-Ohio Valleys, Plains States
fox and geese n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Rocky Mts (MAP)
hayburner n 1 • chiefly Plains States
hay sled n • esp Plains States
honeywort n • Plains States
lemon mint n 1 • esp Plains States, SW
lemon-scent n • esp Plains States
list v 2 • chiefly Plains States
lister n 2 • chiefly Plains States (MAP)
long john n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Upper MW, Plains States, MI (MAP)
machine shed n • widespread, but esp freq Plains States, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
May basket n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, Plains States (MAP)
milo maize n • chiefly Plains States, SW (MAP)
nigger heaven n 1 • chiefly Nth, Plains States, Rocky Mts, CA (MAP)
Oklahoma rain n • chiefly SW, Plains States
old cat n 1 • N Cent, Plains States (MAP)
parking n 2a • chiefly NW, Plains States, IA; also N Cent, sCA (MAP)
pomme blanche n • chiefly Upper MW, Plains States
pomme de prairie n • chiefly Upper MW, Plains States
pom-pom-pullaway n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Plains States, Rocky Mts, sCA (MAP)
quoit n B • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Pacific, esp NEast (MAP)
sand grass n 1c • ND, Plains States
sand plum n 2 • esp Plains States, OK, TX
Scotch adj • esp Nth, N Midl, Plains States (MAP)
shelter belt n • chiefly Plains States, Upper MW
slough grass n 1 • chiefly Upper MW, Upper Missip Valley, Plains States (MAP)
snake feeder n 1 • chiefly Midl, Plains States (MAP and Map Section)
snake-killer n 3 • esp Plains States
sod n attrib • chiefly Plains States, IL, IN
spike pitcher n • Plains States, Upper MW, NW
squaw patch n • esp OK, Plains States
stirring plow n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Plains States
storm cave n • esp Plains States, IA (MAP)
suitcase farmer n • esp Plains States
tree claim n • Upper MW, Plains States
windmill grass n • esp Plains States, TX
yah adv • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp N Cent, Upper MW, Plains States (MAP)
pleonastic; pleonastically See redundant
czarnina n • Pol settlement areas, esp WI
duck’s blood soup n • chiefly in Polish settlement areas
dupa n • [Prob Pol dupa arse..]
dyngus n • chiefly in Polish settlement areas
golumpki n pl • [Cf Pol gołąbki..]
kielbasa n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp in Polish settlement areas
kishka n 1 • esp in Polish communities
paczki n • in Polish settlement areas, esp MI, WI
paczki n • [Polish pączek.. pl pączki..]
pevo n • [Pol piwo]
pierogi n • chiefly in Polish settlement areas, esp PA
Polack n • [Pol Polak a Pole..] (MAP)
Polski n • [Pol Polski Polish]
posina n • [Pol pierzyna]
tapa n • [tapa is the form in many Polynesian languages..]
ti n • [Haw kī, earlier, and in many other Polynesian langs, ti]
banjo n • [..prob ult < Port banza guitar]
broadus n • [Etym uncertain..= Caribbean creole braata.., prob from Port barata bargain..]
caboos n • [Port cabóz big-head..]
centipede n • [..forms without d or t are from..Port centope(i)a..]
chorizo n • [Port chouriço; Span chorizo..]
comprador n • [Port compradór buyer]
day-day intj, n • [Perh from Port pidgin..]
dodo n1 • [..ult from Port doudo simpleton, fool]
garrupa n • [Port garoupa..]
grouper n 1a • [Port garoupa, Span garopa]
malassada n • [Port “an omelet or pancake made with eggs”]
mauger adj • [..Ital, Port, Span magro]
nigger n1 • [nigger < earlier neger < Fr nègre < Span, Port negro..]
pão doce n • [Port]
pickaninny n • [W Afr and W Indian Creoles, of Span or Port origin; OED2 1657 ➝]
tank n1 1 • [This corresponds to the..tank..borrowed in the 17th cent..from the Portuguese in India..]
viuva n • [Port, literally ``widow'']
jagasee n • [AmPort jagacida..]
caracara n • [Brazilian Port caracará]
Prince Edward Island; Dictionary of Prince Edward Island English
streel n • [Ir dial; cf DNE, DPEIE]
two-boater n • [Cf DPEIE two-boater ``Also Irish two-boater...An immigrant.. after an interim period elsewhere..'']
whore's egg n • Cf DNE, DPEIE
estufa n 1 • Among the Pueblo Indians
pun; punning(ly)
big I, little you n • [..punningly with the letters i and u]
bilge n • [Perh punning alter of binge]
blowfly n • [..punningly with blowfly the insect..]
blue as a whetstone adj phr • [With pun on blue..]
blue-goose v • [Perh punningly with goose..]
blunderbus n • [From blunder ..with pun on blunderbuss ..]
bonaparte n 2 • [Punning bony + part]
box with five nails n • [Punning box .. + punning nails ..]
dido n 3 • [Punning reapplications of phr cut a dido...]
dinero n 2 • [Appar in punning ref to dine or dinner]
do-re-mi n 2 • [Punning extension of dough money]
drop a stitch v phr • [From drop a stitch..with pun on stitch ..]
dropsy n1 • [Punning allusion to dropsy edema]
figurehead n • [..perh with pun on figurehead std sense]
funny bone n 1 • [..perh also by punning assoc with humerus..]
gamble stick n 2 • [..perh with pun on gamble v]
gate n 2 • [In punning ref to the swinging of a fence gate..]
gelding tobacco n • [With pun on gelding .. and cut to castrate]
gin mill n • [..punning allusion to gin a type of mill]
groundhog n 9 • [With pun on ground .. + hog B3a]
hardscrabble n 4 • [Prob punning allusion to scrapple]
Henry n B2 • [..pun on O. Henry ..]
holey n • [..prob dimin of hole n 4 (and..punning sp holy)]
nightmare n • [Punning var of night horse]
peach-orchard beau n • [..perh deliberately punning var of peach-orchard boar]
Ph.D., get one’s v phr • [..punning initialism..]
pleasure-bent adj phr • [From ..sexual intercourse..with pun..bent on pleasure]
quilt v 2 • [Prob pun on..nautical term beat to sail against the wind]
raise gravy v phr • [Punning allusion to raised gravy]
ring-a-levio n 2 • [Prob with pun on leave]
spelling baker n • [baker US military code word for the letter B, with pun on bee]
T.P. and W. v phr • [Appar a pun on Toledo, Peoria and Western Railroad, known as the TP&W]
Walker's hack n • [Punning ref to common surname..]
walled-off Astoria n • [Pun on the Waldorf-Astoria luxury hotel in New York City]
wee house n • [wee small, perh with pun on wee to urinate]
William n • [Pun on bill]
wooden hill n • [..now often in the punning phr up the wooden hill to Bedfordshire]
wrangatang n • [Pun on orangoutang]
Q R
concern n • Esp among Quakers
facing bench n • Among Quakers
feel the weight of the meeting v phr • Among Quakers
first day n 1 • chiefly among Quakers; old-fash exc in ref to days of worship
first month n • among Quakers
gay adj 1 • Among Quakers
jerky n2 • [AmSpan charqui < Quechua ch’arki] (MAP)
puma n • [Span < Quechua]
quinine n • [Orig Quechua, via Span quinina or Fr quinine]
racacha n • [LaFr < AmSpan..< Quechua..]
aboon prep, adv • rare
alto n • now rare exc in place names
ambacker juice n • rare
aneath prep • rare
bindle n • [..Engl dial bindle is rare..]
blanc-bec n • rare or obs
blaze-faced shirt n • rare
blugeons n • rare
bodaciously adv • Also rare or obs pronc-spp bardaciously,..
bonnyclabber n • Also barney clapper (rare)
chance n B2 • old-fash, rare
contrite v • rare
controverse v • rare
dash away v phr • [..rare in colloq speech..]
drumly adj, adv • rare
reanalysis; reanalyzed
-es suff1 2 • pl nouns on which the “double plurals” are based..reanalyzed as singulars
fool n1 1 • [Reanalysis of the proverb A fool for luck and a poor man for children..]
have adj • [By reanalysis of behave as be + have]
like vbl aux E2b • reanalysis of the idiom as like to adv [=“nearly”] + past tense verb
master hand n • [..perh reanalysis of master hand the hand of the master..]
offals n pl • [Prob by reanalysis of offal as mass noun..]
pitysake n • [By reanalysis of the phr for pity’s sake]
some kind of adv phr • [Prob from..some kind of ``a remarkable instance of'' through reanalysis..]
swan v • [Reanalysis of Scots, nEngl dial I’se warn..]
swanny v • [Reanalysis of Scots dial I’se warn ye..] (MAP)
reduced; reduction
-a (pronc) • [..perh from earlier [aɪ], altered when word-final stress was reduced..]
ahold n • [Prob a indef art, now usu reduced to inert vowel + hold..]
another-guess adj • [..reduced from anothergets, anothergates..]
anti-over n, exclam • [Reduced from Antony-over]
at v • [Reduced from to go at or similar phr]
bar n4 • [Reduced form of barrow n2]
cratch v • [Reduction of scratch]
-es suff1 3b • for words in which the cons cluster has been reduced to [s]
-es suff1 1b • for words in which the consonant clusters have been reduced to [s]
escavation n • [Var of excavation by cons cluster reduction]
fay knight exclam • [Perh reduced from “(on the) faith of a knight”..]
go v B • Note: It is possible that in some cases the to has been lost by phonetic reduction
have v2 (pronc) • [..have is freq reduced to [ə] (pronc-spp coulda,..)]
hi-ya exclam • [Reduced from How are you?]
hike v 1a • Forms ending in -em, -er, -et may be hike plus reduced pronoun
hussy n1 • [Reduced forms of housewife..]
i prep • [By reduction of by in exclam phrr by God, by Jesus and varr ..]
ice potato n • [Pronc-sp for Irish potato reflecting reduction of [ˈaɪrɪš > aɪš > aɪs]..]
look v A1 • [Reduced forms of look you, look ye..]
man n C2 • [..often with phonetically reduced forms..]
me adj • Phonetic reduction of [maɪ] to [mi, mɪ, mə]
mint adj • [Reduced from a mind..]
pumice n2 • [By reduction of..pumice stone..]
rifle gun n • [..phonetic reduction of rifled gun..]
swagger v • [Prob reduced from I shall wager..]
trough n A5 (pronc) • [Prob back-formation from [trɔz] as reduced form of [trɔvz] or [trɔðz]..]
yowwun n • [Prob reduced form of young one]
whilst conj • The sp whilse is here assumed to represent the reduction of the [st] consonant cluster
redundant; redundantly; also pleonastic; pleonastically
all anymore adj phr • [Redund: all adj2 + anymore]
all two adj, pron, conj • Also occas in redund phr all two both
at prep 4 • Used redundantly, usu at the end of a where clause
bare-naked adj • [Redund]
be v B2c • in contr I’m—used redund
bed blanket n • [Redund..]
beg on v phr • [beg + redund on prep]
best-goodest n • [Redund..]
bestmost n • [Redund best + -most]
Bible-book n • [Pleonastic formation]
bone felon n • [Redund bone + felon]
brogan n 1 • ..also redund comb brogan shoe..
cabbage kraut n • [Redund cpd]
cackle v • Also..redund cackle-laugh
catabias adj, adv • [Alter of cater- + pleonastic bias]
cot bed n • [Redund]
cowhanded adj • [cow alter of car left-handed, awkward; from Gael and Ir cearr + (redund) handed;..]
cramp-colic n • [Redund]
disregardless adj, adv • [Redund..]
door shutter n • [Redund]
dry drought n • [Redund..]
dusty miller n 5 • [redund dusty + miller..]
-ed suff 1 • added redundantly to the std past and past ppl of regular verbs
-ed suff 6 • added redundantly to adjs formed from nouns + ed
-en suff5 • [..orig added redundantly to existing verbs in ME..]
engineerman n • [Redund]
fail out v phr • [fail + redund out perh by analogy with flunk out]
fettiglich n • [Prob Ger fettig fatty, greasy + redund lich -ly]
finally at last adv phr • [Redund]
for prep B4b • To form pleonastic or mildly intensive adj phrr--usu with certain, sure, true, and similar adjs.
free gratis adv phr • [Redund..]
gald v • [Back-formation from galded, pleonastic past pple of gall..]
gnat-fly n • [Redund..]
go v A4d • in phr going to + infin (rarely with redund to): pronc-spp gointa,..
grape-vineyard n • [Redund..]
hair wig n • [Redund..]
half in two adv phr, adj phr • [Redund..]
hand man n • [Redund hand n B1 + man]
hardly adv A1 • Used with redundant negative
have v2 • Used redundantly in counter-factual constrs
hawk-bird n • [Redund..]
he pron 1 • Used redundantly with a noun subject
hound dog n • [Redund..]
horse beast • [Redund..]
humpknot • [Redund..]
-ify suff • often added pleonastically to verbs
-ing suff B2 • Added redundantly to vbl nouns or progressive forms of verbs
it pron C2 • Used redundantly immediately following a noun subject
jag v1 A1 • occas pleonastic jugged
jailhouse n • [Redund..] (MAP)
jig load n • [Var of jag n2 1a + redund load]
kill v C1 • used with redundant or emphatic adverbs, esp out, up
kill v C2 • [Redund..]
leastest adj • [Redund..]
let v B1 • in redund phrr let’s us (or we)
lightwood n1 • also in redund combs lighter(d)-wood (MAP)
like v1 B • pleonastic lakted, likeded, likted
man-person n • [Redund..]
manzana apple n • [Redund; Span manzana apple]
me pron 3a • redundant
me pron 3b • Redundantly (with transitive verbs)
-ment suff B • freq redund
mirror glass n • [Redund..]
money miser n • [Redund..]
nary adj 1 • comb nary a one (with pleonastic article) (MAP)
noggin-head n • [Redund]
nohow adv 1 • usu used redundantly to emphasize a negation
none pron Bb • often used redundantly after a negation
nowheres adv • often used with redund negative
of prep B • Used redund
often usually adv phr • [Redund..]
on prep B2 • Used redund
ought v C2a • rarely foll by pleonastic neg
outen prep 1 • Occas with redund of
pail n 3 • in redund comb pail bucket
pillow beer n • rarely, redund pillibear case
pistol gun n • [Redund..]
pneumonia fever n • [Redund]
poke n1 1a • redund poke bag (or sack)
prod pole n • [Redund] (MAP)
-s suff3 • Used as a redundant plural-forming suffix
she n 1b • occas used redundantly
she pron 1 • Used redundantly with a noun subject
-some suff • Added freq pleonastically to adjectives themselves
spitting image n • [..also interpreted early as redund spit n1 1 + image..]
still adv 1 • followed directly or indirectly by redundant yet
that conj C1b(1) • From the perspective of std grammar, the anaphoric element in all these exx is simply redundant.
theirn pron • rarely redund theirns, theirs’n
to prep B1b • Used redundantly at the end of a where clause
tooth dentist n • [Redund..] (MAP)
trout-fish n • [Redund for trout..]
us pron B2b • Used redundantly to indicate that the speaker's advantage is concerned
what adv • Used as a redundant relative after comparative conjs than, as
you pron1 B2 • Used pleonastically, indicating that the advantage of the person(s) addressed is concerned
reduplicated; reduplication
blab-blab n • [Redup form of blab one who gossips or chatters]
buddy-buddy n • [Redup of buddy n]
crinklety adj • Also redup form crinklety-cranklety
de-de phr • [Prob redup of de var of there..]
deh adv • ..redup dey-dey..
dibble n • ..redup dibble-dabble
dribs and drabs n pl • [Redup from drib]
drip-drop n • [Redup]
drizzle-drazzle n • [Redup of drizzle]
drizzle-fizzle n • [Redup of drizzle, with added sense of fizzle a failure]
even-even adj • [Redup for intensification..]
fam-fam n • [Creole redup form of Fr faim hunger]
filfil v • [Redup form of fill, prob infl by fulfill]
fizzle-dizzle n • [fizzle carbonated water + dizzle redup]
flang-dang n • [Redup var of fling; cf whing-ding]
flimsy-flamsy adj • [Perh redup of flimsy frivolous, superficial]
fritter-fretter n • [Redup of fretter]
frivle-fravle n • [Redup of frivol]
fuzz-buzz n • [Redup form of fuzz; infl by fussbudget and varr]
fuzzy-guzzy n • [Redup of fuzzy]
fuzzy-wuzzy n • [Redup of fuzzy]
hinky dinky n • [Redup of dinky n1 1]
hishy-hash(y) n • [By redup from hash..]
hoity-toity adj • [Redup]
hokey-pokey n3 • [Redup var of pokey jail..]
holo v • Also redup holoholo
hotty-dotty n • [Redup..]
huffjuff n • [Perh huff..+juff redup..]
jeezy-peezy intj • [Redup euphem for Jesus (Christ)]
jib-job lot n • [Perh redup of job lot..]
kini n • Also redup kinikini
kulikuli v • [Haw; redup of kuli noise]
lomi v • Also redup lomilomi
lomi salmon n • Also redup lomilomi (salmon)
moly, holy exclam • [Redup var of Holy Moses..]
nicey-nice adj • [Redup]
one-one adv, adj, n • [Redup]
ownty do(w)nty n, adj phr • [Redup]
palsy-walsy adj, n • [Redup of palsy]
Rackensack n • [By metath, redup..]
skitter-skatter adv • [Redup]
ula-ula n • [Haw redup `ula red]
all to adv • relic
alongst prep • relic
antem n • relic
appoint v (pronc) • old-fash or relic
as prep C • relic
asarabacca n • now prob relic in Appalachians or obs
battle-hammed adj • chiefly among Black speakers; relic
ben n1 • relic
blutter adj • relic
bolden v, adj • relic
cark v • relic
child n A2 (pronc) • relic
coast n 2 • relic
coonskin n1 • [Perh a relic from the fur trade..]
crowner n2 • relic
devise v • relic
disgust v • relic
dress v 6 • [..perh simply aphet form..rather than a relic]
drill v1 • relic
duke v • relic
dunt adj • relic
enjoy v B1 • relic
farce v • relic
fixen n • relic
grindlestone n • relic
hicket n • ?relic
hustlement n • relic
lackaday intj • relic
laxed ppl adj • [..here perh a relic..]
long v B1 • relic
methinks v • relic
month n D • relic
pightle n • relic
-s suff6 • [Relic of the Ger genitive ending used in certain expressions of time]
stile v • relic
stint v • relic
swarp n 2 • relic
tundish n • relic
reversed compound; reversal (See also metathesis)
alder tag n • [Reversal of tag alder]
backswitch n • [Reversed compound..]
band rubber n • [Reversed compound..]
everhow adv • [Reversed cpd]
everwhat pron • [Reversed cpd]
everwhen pron • [Reversed cpd]
everwhere pron • [Reversed cpd]
everwhich pron • [Reversed cpd]
everwho pron • [Reversed cpd]
fallover n • [Reversed cpd < overfall..]
friend-girl n • [Reversed compound..]
jawlock n • [Reversed compound..]
layway v • [Reversed compound..]
lookout n • [..but perh reversed compound..]
look over v phr • [..but perh reversed compound..]
maid’s bride n • [Reversed compound; cf bridesmaid..]
offcast n • [OED 1587 ➝; but perh reversed compound..]
outlay n • [Prob reversed compound..]
overlay n • [Reversed compound..]
pour-down n • [Reversed cpd]
same old six and seven, the phr • [..the reverse order is prob due to the infl of at sixes and sevens..]
bandudelums n pl • RI
bastard broadbill n • esp NY, RI
brava n • seMA, RI
cabinet n • RI, seMA
cade n • seMA, sRI
closet n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp RI
cob pie n • RI
conquedle n • NEng, esp RI
cracky benders n • CT, RI
dandle n • chiefly wRI
dog grass n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp RI
driftway n • NEng, now esp RI
eaceworm n • chiefly sNEng, esp RI
election day n • MA, RI
horn v 3 • VT, RI
milk shake n 1 • esp MA, RI
New York system n • RI
pooquaw n • MA, RI
quahog n (pronc) • chiefly RI |ˈkwɔhɔg|
quahog n 1 • chiefly N Atl coast, esp MA, RI (MAP)
squin n • esp RI
stuffie n • esp RI
wandi(e) n • RI
tug n 2 • Block Is. RI
craw hammer n • [By rhotacism, from claw hammer]
frail n • [Engl dial, var of flail by rhotacism]
hagger v • [By rhotacism from haggle]
scutter n2 • [By rhotacism from scuttle]
tattertale n, v • [By rhotacism from tattletale]
winkle-hawk n • by rhotacism rinkerhawk (MAP)
alkalied adj • West, esp Rocky Mts
barrow pit n 1 • chiefly West, esp Rocky Mts (MAP and Map Section)
belly-buster n, adv 1 • chiefly W Midl, Rocky Mts, NW (MAP)
black ice n 2 • chiefly NEast, Rocky Mts and Pacific, esp WA, OR
blue grouse n 1 • NW, Rocky Mts
*buck n1 4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl exc Rocky Mts, NW (MAP)
cat’s-breeches n • West, esp Rocky Mts, NW
cavvy n • West, esp Rocky Mts
*cellar n1 B2 • widespread, but least freq Plains States, Rocky Mts (MAP)
cut n 1a • chiefly east of Rocky Mts
derrick n • chiefly Rocky Mts
*earthworm n • widespread exc Rocky Mts, Upper MW; esp freq Sth (MAP)
forget-me-not n 1g • chiefly Rocky Mts
fox and geese n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Rocky Mts (MAP)
gopher n1 2b(1) • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, Rocky Mts
gray jay n • esp Rocky Mts, Pacific NW
hard-rock n • West, esp Rocky Mts
hay corral n • chiefly Rocky Mts, West
*hull n B2a(1) • widespread, but less freq Nth, Rocky Mts (MAP and Map Section)
Indian potato n i • esp Rocky Mts
kokanee (salmon) n • West, esp AK, NW, Rocky Mts
Mackinaw trout n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Rocky Mts
*median (strip) n 1a • widespread exc Pacific, Rocky Mts, LA, MS (MAP)
Mormon cricket n • chiefly Rocky Mts
mountain dandelion n • Rocky Mts, Pacific
mountain hedge n • Rocky Mts
mountain spray n • chiefly Rocky Mts
mutual n • chiefly Rocky Mts, Desert SW
nigger heaven n 1 • chiefly Nth, Plains States, Rocky Mts, CA (MAP)
overshot adj • esp NW, Rocky Mts
park n 1 • chiefly West, esp Rocky Mts
pom-pom-pullaway n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Plains States, Rocky Mts, sCA (MAP)
prod pole n • chiefly Rocky Mts, SW (MAP)
quail n 1 • formerly chiefly NEng; now widespread east of Rocky Mts
rockchuck n • NW, Rocky Mts
sage chicken n • esp Rocky Mts
sage hen n1 • Pacific, Rocky Mts
serviceberry n • chiefly S Midl, Pacific NW, Rocky Mts (MAP)
sheep wagon n • chiefly Rocky Mts
sheepherder n • chiefly Rocky Mts, Pacific
sic ’em, not to know v phr • chiefly Inland Nth, esp Pacific NW, Rocky Mts, Upper MW (MAP)
snoose n1 • chiefly Pacific NW, Rocky Mts, Upper MW, WI (MAP)
snow lily n • esp Rocky Mts
sugan n 2 • chiefly West, esp Rocky Mts, SW (MAP)
*trace n2 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, Cent, Rocky Mts, nCA (MAP)
wattle n2 • West, esp Rocky Mts (MAP)
wood tick n 1 • scattered, but esp freq Nth, N Midl, Rocky Mts, Pacific; also W Midl (MAP)
cove n2 • [Brit cove chap, bloke, prob from Romany kova thing, person]
a prep1 5 • chiefly among less educ and rural speakers; somewhat old-fash
animal n B1 • euphem, esp among rural and male speakers; somewhat old-fash
aristocratic adj • rural, old-fash
ass-end-to adv phr • rural (MAP)
boat n 1 • old-fash, rural
bog hoe n • rural
crock n1 2 • rural, old-fash
draw v B1 • chiefly among rural speakers, male speakers, and speakers with little formal educ, drawed
draw v B2 • chiefly among rural speakers, male speakers, and speakers with little formal educ, drew
draw v B2 • chiefly among rural speakers and speakers with little formal educ, drawed
-ed suff 2 • more freq among rural speakers, males, and speakers with less than hs educ
-ed suff 5 • esp among rural Infs with less than hs educ
elm n (pronc) • esp freq among men and among rural Infs, somewhat old-fash |ˈɛləm|
ewe n (pronc) • esp in rural areas, somewhat old-fash
face fly n • chiefly rural
fais-dodo n • rural
farm n 3 • chiefly rural
home demonstration n • esp in rural areas
home economic(s) club n • rural
hop v1 1 • rural (MAP)
plague v C1 • somewhat old-fash; esp freq in rural areas
raising n 1 • chiefly rural (MAP)
rogue n 1 • esp freq among rural speakers and speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
see v B2c • esp freq among rural speakers and those with little formal educ
see v B3a • esp freq among rural speakers and those with little formal educ
seven-up n 1 • chiefly among rural speakers and those with little formal educ
sit v1 2a • chiefly rural
sit v1 2b • chiefly rural; esp freq among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
sit v1 3a • chiefly rural
sit v1 3b • chiefly rural (MAP)
spoil v B • now esp freq among rural speakers and among speakers with little formal educ
sugar diabetes n • esp freq among rural speakers and those with little formal educ
sumac n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl chiefly rural |ˈšume(ɪ)k|
swim v A1a • esp freq among rural speakers and among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
swim v A1b • esp freq among rural speakers and among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
swim v A1c • esp freq among older rural speakers and among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
swim v A2a • esp freq among rural speakers and among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
swim v A2b • esp freq among rural speakers and among speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
thisaway adv • esp freq among rural speakers and those with little formal educ (MAP)
wagon wheel n 2 • esp among older speakers, rural speakers, and speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
washboard n 1 • esp freq among rural speakers, older speakers, and those with little formal educ (MAP)
wear v B3b • esp freq among rural speakers and those with little formal educ (MAP)
wheelbarrow n 2 (pronc) • esp freq among rural speakers and those with little formal educ (MAP)
whinny n, v 1 • esp among older, rural speakers with little formal educ (MAP)
widow n B2 • esp among rural speakers and among those with little formal educ (MAP)
babushka n • [Russ “grandmother”]
banya n • [Russ]
barabara n • [Russ]
bidar n • [Russ baidara, dimin baidarka]
borsch n • [From Russ borshch]
chy n • [Russ]
kielbasa n • [..Russ kolbasa]
moroshka n • [Russ moroshka]
nushnik n • [Russ nuzhnik]
pascha n • [Appar transf from Russ paskha Easter..]
petrushki n • [Russ petrushka parsley]
pirok n • [Russ pirog pie]
piroshki n • [Russ pirozhki, pl of pirozhok, dimin of pirog; cf pirok]
Russki n • [Russ Russkiy..]
sarana n • [Russ sarana, of Tatar orig]
-sky suff • [Appar in imitation of Russ (or other Slavic) names or other words ending with this element..]
tschawytscha n • [Russ < Kamchatkan..]
S
wickiup n • [In var AmInd langs, e.g., Sac, Fox, and Kickapoo, wikiyap..]
Sasquatch n • [Salish “wild man”..]
sockeye salmon n • [Folk-etym for Salish suk-kegh red fish]
Scandinavian,/a> (See also Danish; Norwegian; Swedish)
appleskiver n • Scandinavian settlement areas
Berliner kranzer n • Ger, Scan settlement areas
cook v 1 • chiefly Nth, esp in Ger and Scan settlement areas
fattigmanns bakkels n • chiefly in Scan settlement areas, esp MN, WI
fish ball n 2 • esp Scandinavian settlement areas
flatbread n • chiefly Scan settlement areas
julekake n • esp in Scan settlement areas
kispel n • [Prob Scan..]
kringle n • Scan settlement areas, esp WI
Lute n2 • [Abbr for Lutheran, infl by Ger and Scan pronc]
peppernut n • [Calque of pfeffernuss or its synonym in..one of the Scan languages]
rosette n • esp in Scan settlement areas
should v • [..some infl from the use of the cognate verbs in Ger and Scan langs to mean “is said to.”]
skillpot n • [..perh one of the cognate Scan forms..] (MAP)
sylte n • chiefly Scandinavian settlement areas, esp MN
Scotland; Scots; Scottish; Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue; Dictionary of the Scottish Language; Scottish National Dictionary
aboon prep, adv • [SND abune..]
afear(e)d adj • [..SND, “chiefly archaic.”]
agley adv • [Scots agley squinting, awry]
ahind prep, adv • [..see EDD for exx, chiefly from nEngl, Scotl]
airish adj 1 • Note: The form is still current in Scots..(SND).
allicomgreenzie n • [Scots SND, 1824➝]
all setting adj phr • [..cf..SND set v 12]
and conj B4 • [Perh orig an Irish or Scots locution: see EDD and conj 2..]
aneath prep • [Scots and nEngl form of beneath: cf OED, EDD, SND]
antigoglin adj, adv • [anti- against, counter + goggling ppl adj < goggle to shake, tremble (EDD, SND)]
Antony-over n, exclam • [Prob of Scots origin though earliest quot is US: cf EDD, SND] (MAP)
arg v • [Cf SND arg to talk ill-temperedly and hot-headedly]
aside (of) prep • [..see also EDD, SND]
Aunt Dinah’s dead n • [Prob Scots..]
awar adj • [Scots: see SND awaur, awaar, awar]
baby-rags n pl • [Cf..SND babby-rags small bits..]
back v 3 • [Scots: cf DSL..]
backie-horse n • [Scots backie a hoist onto one’s back (SND, EDD)]
backings n • [Cf SND..backings refuse of wool, etc]
back-jaw v, n • [Cf SND, EDD]
backset n 1 • [SND 1721➝]
backsie adj • [Prob rel to Scots bach cow-dung]
baldy n1 • See..SND bawsey
ballup n • [Scots..]
bannock n • [Scots and nEngl dial]
barefooted adj • [Cf SND barefoot(ed) broth made without meat]
barley exclam • [..See also SND]
bart-all n • [Perh rel to Scots bardy insolent, quarrelsome]
bawbee n • [Scots bawbee halfpenny]
ben n1 • [Scots ben < OE be-innan]
bend n2 1 • [Scots]
bergall n • [Scots berge(l); cf SND]
betimes adv • [..cf EDD betimes adv.2, Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
biddable adj • [..orig Scots]
bide a wee v phr • [Scots]
billy buster n • [Perh Scots billy fellow, comrade + buster one who strikes, beats, or breaks]
billy whicker n • [Cf EDD billy sb.1, used in Scots and nEngl dial names of..birds..; + whicker,..the sound..]
binky n 2 • [Cf Scots bink a bench to sit on]
birk n • [Scots, nEngl dial]
biver, all of a adj phr • [all of a + biver alter of Scots and Engl dial bever a shiver, tremor]
blink v 2 • [SND 1768➝]
blutter adj • [..cf Scots bluiter, blutter filth in a liquid state]
boal n • [Alter of Scots bole]
bolden v, adj • [Scots boldin, boulden to swell..]
boners v • [Prob Brit dial..bunce intj, used to claim possession (SND 1825➝)..]
bonny adj • [Scots bonny beautiful, attractive, great, considerable]
book n2 • [By folk-etym from..Scots bouk belly..]
boose n • [Prob from Scots boose, buss, bush mouth]
brack n • [Prob Scots form of break n]
brash adj1 • [..Engl brash..heap of fragments..with Scots brash to bruise, crush..]
brash n1 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
breaming adv • [Perh from Engl breme, Scots breem fierce, violent]
bree n • [Prob Scots bree broth, gravy, juice..]
brickle adj • [..cf..SND]
brickle adj 2 • [Cf SND bruckle adj 2a, b]
brickle v • [..cf SND bruckle v (1)]
brief adj1 2 • [Cf SND brief adj. 2 (1)]
briggle v • [Prob obs Scots breeghle to fiddle, make little progress despite much bustling]
brinjer n • [Prob Scots breenger a formidable foe < breenge..]
brisket n • [Scots]
bubba n2 • [Cf Scots dial bubba grandfather]
bubbly-jock n • [Engl and Scots dial..]
buckie n2 • [Scots buckie, bucky a mischievous boy]
buckled up adj • [Cf nEngl and Scots dial buckel to marry]
bugeye n2 • [Perh from Engl and Scots dial buckie shellfish..]
bulger n1 2 • [..SND bulsher a playing marble]
bull-in-the-ring n 1 • [SND bull i’ the park, ~ ring]
bully v2 • [Scots bully v to play at “bully”, a fighting game played with chestnuts on a string]
bully-fight v • [Cf SND bully v]
bumbee n • [Scots]
bush v2 • [Cf EDD, SND booshie a call to cows]
busty adj • [Perh rel to Scots busteous rough, fierce (SND)]
but n1 • [Scots]
but-and-ben n • Scots settlement areas
by adv • [..SND by 2 adv. ‘extended also to time to mean “past, finished” ’]
cacky v, n • [Scots, Engl dial cack, cacky to void (as) excrement]
caddow n • [..DOST 1576➝ but no longer current in Scots]
cadgy adj • [Scots caigie wanton; cheerful, sportive; DSL 1592➝;..SND]
cady n • [Scots cadie [ˈkedi] a man or boy’s cap—see SND Suppl.]
cafugelty n • [Prob alter of Scots carfuffle, carfuchle..(SND carfuffle n 2), perh blended with Scots curfuggle..]
calf yard n1 • [Perh Scots calf-ward]
calico n B1a • [..cf Scots cailliach an old woman (DSL), calik a gossip (SND)..]
calk down v phr • [Scots and Engl dial calk, cau(l)k..]
call hogs v phr • [Scots call to drive + Scots hog yearling sheep or Engl hog pig]
candle n A • [Cf Scots, nEngl dial can’le, cannle, etc]
candy pulling n • Cf SND taffie-join
cankerous adj • [Cf Scots, Engl dial cankered cross,..]
cantrip n • [Scots cantrip, cantraip, cantrap a charm; a spell; a trick]
cascrom n • [Scots cascrom a crook-handled spade..]
cat n 4 • [Scots; SND ➝1923]
catagorricky adv • [..+ (perh) Scots dial gorroch..]
catawampus adj • [..perh rel to Scots wampish to wriggle,..]
catch n 3 • [SND 1895➝]
chancy adj 1 • [Scots]
check n2 • [Scots chack, check a snack]
child n A2 (pronc) • Scots
chimney n • [Cf Scots and nEngl dial chymlay, chimblay 16th cent➝]
chuck n3 • [Scots and Engl dial; see EDD, SND]
chuffy adj2 • [Scots and nEngl dial chuff, chuffy: see EDD chuff..]
chum n1 • [..cf obs Engl & Scots dial chum food (DSL, EDD)..]
claggy adj • [Engl dial and Scots claggy sticky, glutinous, muddy: see SND and esp EDD claggy adj 3]
claik n • [Scots: see SND claik n1 4]
clapperclawing vbl n • [Scots and Engl dial; EDD clapperclaw..]
clart v • [Scots and nEngl dial clart smear with dirt, befoul]
clary n1 • [Scots; see SND clary 1]
clash n • [Scots and nEngl dial; see EDD, SND]
clatchy adj • [Scots and nEngl dial; clatch mess; cf SND, EDD]
clatter n 2 • [Scots and nEngl dial]
clatter n 3 • [Cf Scots in a clatter at once, immediately]
clatterbones n pl • [Scots]
clatterment n • [Cf Scots clatter-traps, clutterment..]
clatty adj • [Scots, Ir, and nEngl dial; cf EDD, SND]
clearance(s) exclam • [Also in Scots; see SND]
clever adj 1 • [..cf EDD, SND]
clew n1 • [Scots, Ir, and nEngl dial; cf EDD]
clew v • [..occas in Scots and nEngl dial; cf SND claw v. 3..]
clipe n • [SND clype, kleip, n.4 “A blow”..]
clod v 1 • [Also in Scots, Ir and Engl dial: see EDD, OEDS]
clod fitter n • [Prob Scots fit to tread..ult from Scots, nEngl dial fit foot]
close-clapped adj • [..see SND clap v. 2..]
cluck adj • [..Scots clock-hen..]
cog n • [Scots and Engl dial cog a hollow wooden vessel; a pail]
coggle v1 • [Scots and Engl dial..]
cohogle v • [..SND carfuffle v.1..]
colly-fox v • [Scots collie-fox to idle about]
comb n B1 • [Scots and nEngl dial]
coof n • [Perh from Scots coof..]
cookie n1 1 • [Prob Scots cookie flour cake or bun]
coop v2 • [..cf SND coop n.1..]
cooser n • [Scots; alter of courser]
cooter v • [Prob Scots, nEngl dial: see SND cuiter..]
corfish n • [Prob assim of corft, corved ppl adj, preserved in salt, + fish; SND corft..]
couthy adj • [Scots couth familiar + -ie, -y]
cover n, v (pronc) • (Note: this pronc is also common in Engl dial; see SND, EDD kiver)
crawm n • [..cf Scots, nEngl dial crame..]
creep n1 • [Engl, Scots dial creepie a low stool]
crock n3 • [Scots crock an old ewe]
crud n B1 • [Scots and Engl dial]
cruddle v • [Scots and Engl dial]
cruddled milk n • [Scots and Engl dial]
cud n • [Cf Scots cood, cuid cud]
cumfluttered adj • [Scots cum-, intensive..]
cunny line n • [..Scots, Engl dial var cully-thumb (EDD Suppl., SND)..]
curnubble v • [..cf SND curnoble]
cutty adj • [Scots]
daddy v 3 • [Cf Scots and nEngl dial father to indicate one’s paternity by resemblance]
dancer n 1 • [Scots dial]
dautie n • [Scots..]
dead adj A • [Proncs of the type [ded] are found in..Scots..dial]
devil n • [Proncs..of the type [dil] are common in Scots..dial]
devil’s spoons n • [..SND deil’s spoons 1808➝]
dicked ppl adj1 • [Perh var of Scots dicht (var of dight) ppl adj, dressed, adorned or decked..]
dicty adj • [Perh from Scots dicht..]
diddle v 2 • [..this sense appears to be most common in Scots dial.]
diff n • [Perh var of Scots dowf a dull blow; cf SND dowf II. n. 2]
dinge n2 • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
dinky adj • [Scots, nEngl dial dink neat, nice, finely dressed]
dirk n • [Scots dowrk, durk dagger; DOST 1567➝]
dish-faced adj • [..cf DSL]
disremember v • [Prob orig Scots; DOST 1584➝]
dite n • [Scots..dial, pronc-spp for doit; cf..SND doit n.1 2..]
dodger n1 • [Prob Scots dadge a bannock, perh infl by Scots dodge..(DSL) or dodgel..(DSL)]
dogan n • [..cf Scots dugon, used as a term of contempt for a poor, weak, or worthless person (DSL, SND..)..]
do-less adj • [Scots (DSL 1788➝)..]
donsie adj • [Scots, nEngl dial donsie; prob from Scots Gael donas evil, harm..]
doodle n1 1 • [..cf SND doddle n. 2 “The male genitals”]
doodle n1 5 • [Cf SND doddle n. 3..]
doorstone n • [Scots, nEngl dial]
dort v • [Scots; cf EDD, SND]
dorts n pl • [Scots]
doup-end n • [Scots dial..doup bottom end (of an egg, candle, the human body, etc)]
dour adj • [Scots]
douse n • [Scots, Engl dial]
dovekie n • [Scots dimin of dove]
down-setting n • [Scots; cf SND doonset, down-, n. 3 “A scolding; a crushing rebuke” 1824-1868]
drat n • [Perh var of Scots drit(e), dret dirt, excrement]
dream cake n • [Cf SND dreaming-bread (also ~-bit) a wedding or christening cake..]
drib n • [..in Engl, Scots, Ir dial]
driddle along v phr • [SND driddle v. 2. (1) “To spill, dribble, trickle, drop in small quantities”]
driddle water n • [Cf SND driddle v. 2. (2) “To urinate in small quantities”]
drift n 1 • [Scots and Engl dial drift a drove, herd, flock]
drip n 2 • [Cf SND drap n. 5 “The water which falls from the eaves of a house; hence ‘the eaves of a house..’ ”]
dripple n • [..cf SND dripple v. “To fall in small drops”]
drive one’s ducks to a poor market v phr • [..cf..SND mercat n. 4]
droodle v • [Cf Scots driddle to idle away]
drop v D4 • [Engl and Scots dial]
dropped egg n • [Prob from Scots dial; cf SND drap v. 5. (2) (b) 1824➝]
drought n A1 (pronc) • [Scots and nEngl dial]
drought n A5 (pronc) • [Scots, nIr dial]
drown the miller v phr • [Scots and Engl dial]
drumly adj, adv • [Scots and Engl dial]
dud n • [Engl and Scots dial]
duff n 4 • [Scots dial]
duffy adj • [..cf Scots dial duffy soft, spongelike]
duke v • [Scots and nEngl dial var of duck to avoid, evade]
dusty miller n • [Scots, nEngl dial for the common auricula Primula auricula]
Earl of Hell n • [Orig Scots; see SND]
eating poss n • [..cf Scots pace Easter..]
eke n • [SND eik n.2 3..]
elbedritsch n • [..perh also infl by Scots eldritch weird, unnatural]
ellenyard n • [cf..SND ellwand]
endrig n • [Scots; cf SND en(d)rig(g) at en. I. 7]
Episcopalian n, adj • [Cf SND Episcopaulian..]
even n • [Engl and Scots dial]
everly adv • [Scots, nEngl dial]
eyewink(er) n • [Scots eewink(er) eyelash: SND 1808➝..]
fact n, v A1 • [Scots dial, 1836➝; cf EDD, SND]
farrow adj • [Scots, Engl dial farrow, of unknown derivation; see OED]
fash v • [Scots and Engl dial;..cf OED, SND, EDD..]
feather v 5 • [..cf SND feather v. 5 “Fig.: to beat, chastise”]
feeze n, v • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial, from ME fesen to drive off, frighten]
fell-field n • [Scots, nEngl dial fell a rocky hillside; a stretch of high, open untilled land]
fergen n • [Perh rel to Scots fargin a piece of wood on the end of a pole to push out the sail of a boat]
fernling adv • [Prob Scots fairlins, Engl dial fairlings completely, absolutely]
fetch v B12 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
finnan haddie n • [finnan, var of a Scots place-name..+ haddie, Scots dial var of haddock]
fireroom n • [SND (at fire n. 7. [24]) 1700➝; “Now only hist.”]
first-footer n • [N Engl and Scots dial; cf EDD, SND]
fissle around v phr • [Scots, Engl dial fissle, to fidget, bustle]
fitch v • [Prob var of filch, but perh rel to Scots, nEngl fitch to shift, remove]
fizz n1 1 • [Engl and Scots dial; cf EDD, SND]
fizz v1 • [Scots dial]
flabbergasted ppl adj 1 • [Scots; see DSL flabrigastit “Worn out with exertion”]
flake n1 3 • [Cf SND flake n.1 “Framework of crossed slats..Also in Eng. dial.”]
flake n2 • [SND 1743-1904]
flam adj, v1, n • [SND flam v.3..; flam n.5..]
flambustious adj • [Perh blend of flamboyant + bustious, var of obs Scots busteous boisterous, powerful, fierce]
flam cake n • [Prob Scots flam pancake, pastry]
flannel cake n • [..SND flannen bannock, flannen biscuit] (MAP and Map Section)
flannen n • [Scots, Engl dial varr of flannel]
flatter v2 • [Perh Scots and Engl dial flatter to float, flutter]
fleech v • [Scots and nEngl dial]
flinder v1 • [Scots dial, rare; perh US use is an independent back-formation from flinders 1]
flinder v2 • [Cf DSL “To flirt; to run about..; also applied to cattle..”]
flit v 1 • [Scots, nEngl dial; OED 1504➝]
flittermouse n • [OED 1547➝; widespread in Scots and Engl dial]
flour bread n • [Scots dial]
flow n2 • [Scots, nEngl dial “a bog, swamp”]
flype v • [Scots flype, flipe to fold back or inside out]
foasty adj • [Perh from Scots vousty, voostie, boastful, proud]
fog mull n • [Perh Scots mull promontory, bluff (on analogy of bank)]
fooder man n • [Perh Scots fouter, used as a general term of abuse for a person]
foot n C5a • [SND 1755➝]
foot n C5i • [Cf SND heavy o’ (the) fit (at fit II. 10)]
footless adj 1 • [Scots fitless (var of footless) unsteady on the feet]
footy adj • [..SND (at foutie) 1722➝..]
for prep B4a(5) • [Scots dial]
for all adv phr • [Scots dial]
forgainst prep • [Obs Scots dial]
for keeps adv phr • [Prob Scots dial..]
fornent prep • [Scots, nEngl, and Ir dial]
foutory adj • [fouter, foutre something or someone worthless or contemptible (chiefly Scots)..]
fozy adj • [Scots dial]
full adj B2 • [Chiefly Scots dial; cf EDD]
fungo n • [..perh from Scots fung to pitch, toss, fling]
furge n, v • [Cf SND foorich “Bustle, confusion..to bustle, to get excited”]
furrow horse n • [Cf..Scots, nIr dial fur-horse]
fute n • [Perh fute, Scots var of fout a fool, simpleton..]
gab n1 • [Scots, nEngl dial var of gob mouth] (MAP)
gab n2 • [SND 1822➝..]
gaily adj • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial; see EDD (at gaily) and SND (at geylies)]
gale n1 • [..cf SND gell n.2 4 (var of gale)..]
galoot n • [Perh ga var of ker- + loot Scots var of lout..]
gang v • [Scots, nEngl dial]
gardaloo n • [Appar from Scots gardyloo! a cry to warn passersby before throwing slops from the window]
geiss n • [Cf SND guise n. 3 “A masquerade”]
genie n • [Cf SND Jennie prop. n. “Also..Jean(n)ie; Genny...A generic term for a country girl”]
gill n2 • [Cf SND gillygacus, gilly-gawkie a silly person, and gilly-gawpus a fool]
gin conj1 • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
gin conj2 • [Scots, nEngl dial; aphet forms of again..]
gin prep • [Scots dial; aphet form of again]
gitlet n • [Prob Scots, nEngl dial get brat, bastard; dimins gettling, gytling, etc]
give v A • [All of these types of non-std forms occur also in Scots or Engl dial..]
glabber v • [Scots, Engl dial; cf EDD glabber v. 1 “To chatter, jabber, gabble”]
glaikit adj • [Scots dial]
glare n2 • [Cf SND glaur n.1 6 “Slippery ice..; slipperiness”..]
glass n • [The change of gl > dl by assimilation is common in Engl (but not Scots or Ir) dial..]
glib-glab v • [Cf SND glibber-glabber “to talk idly and confusedly”..]
glim n 1 • [Scots dial]
gloam n • [SND gloam n.]
glom v1 • [..SND glaum, glam v. (also glaam, glom) “1. To snatch, grab..2. To seize..with the jaws; to eat greedily.”]
goat’s hair n • [Scots, nEngl dial]
go in v phr 1 • [Scots, Engl dial]
gool n2 • [..SND gowl n.2 2]
gorby n • [Prob Scots gorbie, dimin of gorb a greedy person or animal]
gowdy n • [Perh SND goudie n1 “A blow, a stroke”]
gralloch v • [Scots dial]
gramy v • [..SND gram v. ➝1928]
gray plover n 3 • [SND 1789➝]
gulch v • [Engl, Scots dial; cf EDD]
gump n1 1 • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial]
gumption n • [Scots, Ir, Engl dial]
gumptious adj 1 • [Scots, Ir, Engl dial]
gunk n 1 • [Cf EDD, SND gunk a dunce or blockhead..]
gurry n • [SND goor n. 4 “Slimy matter scraped from fish; fish refuse...Also gouries..goorie”]
gutty adj • [Scots, nEngl dial; cf SND gutty (at guttie adj. I. 2) “Fond of good eating, greedy, gluttonous”]
guzzle n 1 • [Engl, Scots dial]
gype n • [Scots, Ir dial; cf EDD gype v. and sb. 3]
Hacklebarney n • [Cf SND Hecklebirnie n.1 “A euphemism for Hell.”..]
haffers n pl • [Prob var of Engl or Scots dial halver/halfer a half]
hail n2 • [SND hale II. n. “A haul (esp. of fish), the hauling in of nets;” 1888➝]
hail-over n, exclam • [Perh from Scots hail + over; cf SND hail v.2..;..hail n. 3 II. 1..]
haish exclam • [Cf Scots, Engl dial hait a call to urge animals on]
half v C • [..Scots and Engl dial; cf SND, EDD]
half man n 1 • [Cf SND halfman (at half II. 1. (14) (b)) “a half bottle (of spirits)”]
hang v A1 • ..hing and heng are Scots, nEngl dial for hang in all senses except “to execute by hanging”..
hantle n • [Scots and nEngl dial “a handful; a large quantity or number”; cf..EDD]
hap n • [Scots dial; cf SND hap n1 2]
hate n • [Scots dial..]
havance n2 • [..SND havin(g)s “Behaviour, deportment, (good) manners”..]
have v4 • [Cf SND hae v. B5 “To put, bring, take, convey, send”]
hayrow n • [..SND harro a call for help, a cry of alarm or of encouragement]
hear v B1 • [Scots, Engl dial]
hearing n 1 • [SND hearin(g) vbl. n. 2 “A scolding, ‘lecture,’ ‘talking to’ ”]
heave v A1 • [Scots, Engl dial hive; cf SND, EDD (at heave)]
height n • [Forms with [-ɵ]..superseded in std use by Scots, nEngl dial forms with [-t]..]
hellion n • [Prob var of Scots and Engl dial hallion, hallian, hallyon “idler, rascal” infl by hell; cf EDD, SND]
hen n1 B6 • [..cf..SND (at hen n.1 2. (3))]
henny adj • [Cf SND hennie, henny timid, cowardly (at hen v. 1)]
hereaway adv • [Engl, Scots dial]
herm up v phr • [Cf SND herm “To grumble, to be peevish or fretful” (at harm n., v. II. 1)]
hide n2 2 • [..SND hide n.2 2]
hidey-hole n • [Cf SND hidie-hole (at hidie adj., n. I. 1)..]
hilliken n • [Cf SND hillikin “a small rounded hill” (at hill n. I. (4))]
hilter-skilter adv • [..cf SND hilter-skilter I. adv. “in rapid succession, confusedly, pell-mell...obs.”]
hind end n • [SND hin(t)-end “the hindquarters, posterior” (at hint I. adj. (4))]
hindside-before adv • [Cf SND hin’side afore “back to front,” hint-side foremost “Backwards” (at hint adj. I. (8))..]
hip v2 • [Perh from Scots, nEngl dial hip to hop, skip]
hipple adj • [Cf Scots, Ir, nEngl dial hipple to limp]
his adj A • [..SND he’s (at his poss. pron.)]
his adj B1 • [..SND his poss. pron. “freq. of inanimate objects = its.”]
hishy-hash(y) n • [..cf SND hish-hash “A muddle, confusion, untidy mess”]
hiss v 1 • [SND, EDD (at hish)]
hiss v 3 • [Cf SND hiss int.1 II “a sharp hissing call..to incite a dog to attack”]
hitter-titter adv • [..cf SND hither “Also hidder”..]
hobbled ppl adj2 • [DSL hobbil, hobbel..]
hog age n • [Cf Scots-Gael òg a young man]
hokey-pokey n2 • [Cf DSL hoakie]
home folks n pl 1 • [Cf SND hame-folk..]
hoo v • [Cf SND hooch..]
hoody n • [Cf SND huidin..]
hookey exclam • [..perh var of Scots, Engl dial kye cows]
hooley n • [Cf SND to play huilly wi’ (at hulie adv)..]
Hope n • [Cf SND hope n.2..]
hopper-tailed adj • [Cf..SND happer-arsed (at happer n. 1 (1))..]
horns n • [Cf DSL Suppl. 1841]
horse fiddle n • [Cf SND horse fiddle (at horse n. 2. (12))..]
horse tree n 1 • [Cf SND (at horse n. 2.(49))]
house n, v • [Cf..SND house..]
hout v • [Cf SND hoot..]
huffjuff n • [..cf SND juff..]
hug-me-tight n 3 • [Cf.. SND hug-me-close..]
huh v • [Cf SND hooch II. v. 2..or perh SND hauch II. n. 2..]
hullabaloo n • [Forms beginning in hall-, holl-, and hull- are recorded from nEngl and Scotl..]
humbug n 4 • [..Cf..SND humbug n..]
humor n B1 • [..SND humour n. 1]
humor n B2 • [..SND humour n. 1..]
hundred n, adj A3 • [SND hunder II. (2), (4)..]
hunkersliding vbl n • [SND (at hunker n. 3 [4] [b])..]
hunty gray n • [..perh SND “hunty [hunt the] goorie” (at hunt v. II. 1. (4))]
hup v • [..SND hup..]
huroosh n • [Cf SND huroosh (at hurroo n.) 1..]
hurrah n B2 • [Cf..SND hurroo n. 1..]
hurt v B • [Cf..SND hurt..]
huthering n • [Cf SND hutherin (at hudder v. 1)..; hudder v. 3..; n. 2..]
hymn n A • [Cf SND hime..]
hy spy n • [..SND hy-spy (at hi-spy, n.)..]
i prep • [..cf..SND ay int. 6(3)..]
ill adj 1 • [..appar Scots dial in ref to humans; cf SND ill adj. I.4]
in about adv phr • [Cf SND in adv. 9.(1)..]
infare n • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial; cf EDD, SND]
inkling n • [Engl, Scots dial; cf EDD inklin(g sb. 1]
into prep B1 • [Scots and Engl dial; cf SND intae prep. 1; cf EDD into prep. 3]
it pron A1 (pronc) • [Scots, nEngl dial]
jabble v • [Prob Scots, Ir, nEngl dial jabble to agitate..a liquid; cf EDD jabble sb.1 6..]
jack n2 1 • [Folk-etym for Scots chack (SND at chuck n2)]
jack n2 2a • [..or from Scots and Engl dial chack, var of check pattern of differently colored squares]
jack bite n • [Prob folk-etym for Scots, Ir, nEngl dial chack a snack + bite]
jack-house n • [SND jack n.2 “Sc. variant of Eng. jakes, a privy”]
jackrock n 3 • [..SND jack n.1 3 “a large piece of rock in a coal seam” and jock 3 “lumps of stone in coal”]
jag v1 • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
jagger n1 b • [..cf DSL jagger “A prickle”]
jamb-rock n • [Cf..SND jam-stane (at jamb n. 1.(2))]
jenk, spread one’s v phr • [Cf SND jink n.1 III.3 “A (playful) trick or frolic”]
jenny n 4 • [Cf SND jennie n. 2 “A man who meddles with or assists in a housewife’s work..; a man with effeminate habits”]
jiffin(g) n • [Scots varr of jiffy; DSL jiffie, jiffin 1788, 1802..]
jimpsecute n • [..cf..SND jimp adj. 1 “Of persons: slender, small, graceful, neat, dainty”]
jing n • [Scots, Engl dial]
jink v 1 • [Cf SND jink v.1 5 “tr. To..escape the notice of”]
jink v 2 • [Cf SND jink v.1 5 “to cheat, trick”..]
jinked ppl adj • [Perh Scots jink to trick, cheat..]
jink money n • [Cf SND jink v.1 5 “tr..to cheat, trick,”..]
joe n1 • [Scots jo(e), varr of joy..]
joog v • [..but cf also SND joog, joug, jugg, jowg (at jog v., n.)..]
joogle v • [Scots, Engl dial; EDD (at juggle v.2)..]
jook n • [Cf SND jouk n. II.4..]
jouk v1 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
junky adj • Cf DNE, DJE, SND
keep v B2 • [..cf SND, EDD]
keeps n pl 1 • [Perh Scots; cf SND keep n. 2] (MAP)
kernel n 5 • [SND kirnel n. 3..]
kewster n • [..cf SND custril n. “A fool, a foolish person”]
kick v A • [SND kick v. “Also kik, keek”] (MAP)
kick the can n 1 • [Cf SND kick the..can(nie) (at kick v. 3(6))]
kitchen n2 • [Perh < Scots, Engl, Ir dial kinch..]
kitchen n2 1 • [Cf..SND kinch n.1 2..]
kitchen n2 2 • [Cf SND kinch n.1 1..]
kittly-bender n • [Cf SND kittlie adj. 3 “difficult, dangerous..”]
kitty exclam • [Cf SND kit int...]
knee baby n • [Cf SND knee-bairn..]
knoll n • [SND know “Sc. form of Eng. knoll”]
lab one’s mouth v phr • [Cf..SND lab(b) (at laib v. I.3) to chatter, talk incessantly..]
laggy adj • [..SND laggie (at lag adj. I.1)]
lamb lily n • [SND 1886]
land-horse n • [Engl, Scots dial; cf..SND (at land I.2.(1)(v))]
lapsided adj • [..cf also EDD lapsided, SND lab-sided (at lab- adj.)]
lasty adj • [nEngl, Scots dial; cf..SND (at lest v., n. I)]
lay n2 • [Scots dial]
lay in v phr 1 • [Scots, Engl dial]
lay one’s tongue to v phr • [Scots, Engl dial]
lazybed n • [SND lazy-bed (at lazy adj. I.1) 1743 ➝..]
league n • [Cf OED league sb.2, Scots forms lig(g), lyge, lyig from 15th, 16th cents]
leak v • [Scots, nEngl dial]
least conj • [Arch and Scots dial var of lest]
let on v phr • [Scots dial] (MAP)
letter n 1 • [Scots, Engl dial]
lickety-split adv • [Cf SND lickitie (in phr fast as lickitie)..]
lick thumbs v phr • [From an old Scottish custom..; cf SND lick v. 1.(16)]
lift n1 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
lift n2 • [Cf SND lift n.2 II.3..]
lift v 1a • [Scots dial]
lift v 1b(1) • [Scots dial]
lift v 1b(2) • [Scots dial]
lift v 2 • [Cf SND lift v. 4.(2) “To take up, accept and pay (a bill of exchange)”]
lift v 3 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
lift, on the adj phr • [Cf SND lift v. I.1.(8)..]
lightwood n1 • [..(cf Scots licht-coal coal burned to give light)..] (MAP)
like adv G • [Cf..SND like adv. 1.(1) “Gen.Sc.”]
-like suff 1 • [Cf..SND -like suff. 1]
-like suff 2 • [Cf..SND -like suff. 2]
lippin v • [Scots, nEngl dial lippen]
lipping full adj phr • [SND lip v. 3.(2) “To be full to the brim, or overflowing”]
little house n 1 • [..SND 1764 ➝]
little Sally Walker n • [..EDD (at Sally sb.1 2.(6)) shows Sally Walker to be the dominant form in Scotl as well as nEngl.] (MAP)
loaden v • [..see also EDD, SND]
loaf bread n • [Scots, Engl dial] (MAP)
lobber v • [nEngl, Scots dial lopper, lapper; cf..SND lapper v.1 I.1] (MAP and Map Section)
lobster n A • [..cf SND, EDD lapster..]
lock v 1 • [Cf SND lock v. I.6 “to bind or engage oneself to (a person).”]
lone n • [Scots, Engl dial;..EDD lone sb.2 5; SND lane adj. 2]
lonesome n B1 • [See SND one’s lanesome (at lane adj. 1.(6))]
loney v • [..see also SND lane adj. 2.(2)]
long adj B1 • [..SND lang adj. 2 “Gen. Sc[ots]”]
long adj B3a • [..see also..SND (at lang adj. I.3)]
long adv D1 • [..see also SND lang adj. 7.(7) “Gen. Sc[ots]”]
long chair n • [Cf SND lang chair (at lang adj. I.6.(10))..]
long drink of water n • [SND lang drink (o water) (at lang adj. I.6.(14))..]
long eye n • [..cf also SND (at ee n. I.2.(1)) 1944]
longheaded adj 1 • [..cf also..SND (at lang adj. I.6.(22))]
lope v1 • [Scots, Engl dial var of Scots loup, lowp to leap]
lose v A1 • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial loss, swEngl dial lost]
louse around v phr • [Cf Scots, nEngl dial lowse to stop working]
low wine n • [..Scots lowins]
lozenger n • [Scots, Engl dial varr of lozenge]
lusty adj 1 • [Scots, Engl dial]
-ma- infix • [Cf SND ma- “An intermediate syllable appearing freq. in Sc. compound words..”]
make v1 A • [The proncs [mɑk, mɛk] are common in nEngl, Scots dial.]
make v1 D12 • [..cf SND spune, EDD spoon]
make of v phr • [Scots, nEngl dial]
man n C2 • [..common in Scots and Engl dial..]
man n C5a • [SND man n. 6 c1895 ➝]
marriage bone n • [nScots dial..]
marvel n1 • [Engl, Scots dial]
mauger adj • [..cf SND maugre ..]
may v B • [Cf SND can v.1 III.2..]
meddle v 1 • [Scots, nEngl dial; cf EDD meddle v. 3, SND middle v. 1]
minnow n A5 • [..SND minnon]
mixy-maxy adj • [Scots, Engl dial; cf EDD, OED (at mixty-maxty)]
month n B • [The use of sg form for pl..is still common in Scots dial..]
month n C • [Scots dial]
moozie n • [Cf SND mozie, moz(z)(e)y, mosey, moosie adjs (at moze n. I.1)..]
morning, in the adv phr • [Cf Scots adv phr the morn tomorrow..]
morning’s morning n • [Scots morning a drink of liquor taken before breakfast]
mostly adv • [Scots, Engl dial]
mourn v 2 • [SND murn v. 2...]
mozey n2 • [Cf SND moshie (at mosh n.2)..and mooshie (at mosh n.2)..]
muckle adj • [Scots muckle large, big; mature]
mudge n • [Perh Scots, Engl dial mudge a movement, stir]
mudge v • [Scots dial]
mull adj, n1 • [SND mull adj “Hornless”..]
mull v2 • [Cf SND mull n.2 1..]
murgens n • [Cf SND mirge (at mird n.2)..]
mushle v • [..cf SND mush v.1..]
mutton corn n • [Perh folk-etym form of Scots mauten; cf 1840 DSL mauten, mawten..]
nappy n1 • [Scots dial dimin of nap bowl, basin] (MAP)
near cut n • [nEngl, Scots dial; cf EDD]
near hand adj phr • [Scots dial]
need v 2 • [Prob of Scots, nIr origin; cf SND need v. 4, 1923 ➝]
needcessity n • [Brit, esp Scots, folk-etym for necessity]
needle-wire n • [Cf Scots wire a knitting needle]
nervish adj • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial; cf EDD]
nesh adj • [Engl, Scots dial; cf EDD nesh adj]
newsy adj • [..SND (at news n. I)..]
nicker n1, v • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial] (MAP and Map Section)
niff-naff n • [Cf Scots, nEngl dial niff-naff a trifling or unimportant thing]
noodle v1 • [..cf Scots, nEngl dial guddle..]
notice v 1 • [Cf SND notice v. 1 “To watch, tend, take care of, see to, look after”]
notion n 1 • [nEngl, Scots dial; cf SND notion n. 1]
notionate adj • [Cf SND notionate (at notion n. 2) “obstinate, headstrong”]
of prep C4 • [..may be from Scots, nIr dial; cf SND o prep. 1.(6)(v), of 4.(4)(ii)..] (MAP)
offen prep • [Chiefly Scots, nEngl dial; See SND affin, EDD off prep. 2.(14)]
old daddy n • [SND auld daddy, auld father (at auld adj. 2)]
Old Horny n • [Scots Auld Hornie]
old mamma n • [Cf SND auld-mither (at auld adj. 2.(5))]
Old Year’s Eve(ning) n • [Cf SND auld adj. 6]
on prep B3a • [Cf EDD on prep. II.10, SND wait v. I.B.1.(3)(i)] (MAP and Map Section)
open adj B2 • [Cf..SND open adj. 2..]
orey-eyed adj • [Perh var of awry, but cf SND oorie adj. 1..]
out adj D1 • [Cf SND out adv. II.3 “Of a cup,..: emptied..”]
out adv B8 • [Scots, Engl dial; cf SND out adv. II.4, EDD out adv. 13]
outen prep 1 • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
paddy frog n • [Scots var of paddock]
paddybass v • [Cf SND.. “Sc. form of Fr. pas de bas(que)..”]
parcel n, v • [..parshel, parshal are occas attested in Scots, nEngl dial.]
pattern n • [Scots, Engl dial]
peggy n1 • [Brit dial: EDD..; SND..] (MAP)
penny-dog n • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
perish v 4 • [Scots dial]
perjinkety adj • [..cf SND perfink..]
pernickety adj • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial..]
peruse v • [Scots, Engl dial]
pet n 2 • [Scots, Ir dial pet(day)..]
pick n1 • [Scots, nIr dial <..dial var of pique]
pickety hop n • [Perh rel to Scots, Ir dial pickie(s) hopscotch]
piece n 8 • [Scots, Ir, Engl dial] (MAP)
pieceway(s) n • [Prob survival of Scots idiom..]
pig n2 • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
piney rose n • [Cf Scots, nIr peony-rose..]
pinkie n3 • [..or through Scots pinkie (SND at pink n.2 2 1808 ➝)]
plane tree n 2 • [..for Acer pseudoplatanus in Scotl and nEngl]
pluffer n • [..Scots dial; cf EDD pluffer (at pluff v.)]
pock n • [..SND pock n.1 1]
pointedly adv • [Cf SND..]
pointer n 3 • [SND..]
point row n • [Cf SND point n. I.5 ..]
pole v 1 • [Cf SND powl v.1 2..]
police n B1 • [Scots; see SND police n. 3]
poor mouth n • [Scots, nIr dial]
pooter v • [Cf SND peut(e)r, pewt(e)r (at peuther v.2)..]
poppy show n • [Scots, Engl dial;..cf the parallel Scots dial puppie show..]
porridge n A • [..in Scots and Engl dial porridge is often construed as a collective plural]
poss v • [Scots, nEngl, Ir dial poss, pous]
pot n 5 • [Scots, nEngl dial...cf EDD pot sb.1 7..; SND pot n.1 4..]
potty adj 1 • [SND pottie (at pot n.1 1)..]
potty adj 2 • [Cf SND pot-black (at pot n.1 2.(1))]
preaching n • [Scots, nIr dial]
pride n • [Cf..SND pride n.2 “The spleen of an animal”..]
priminary n • [Scots, Engl dial var..]
prog n1 2 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
prog v • [Scots, Engl dial; cf..EDD prog]
prossy adj • [SND prossie, prowsie (at pross v.)..]
proudful adj • [Scots, Engl dial]
pudge v 1 • [Scots..dial; cf SND pudge..]
purie n • [Prob from SND peerie n.1 6..]
pushion-berry n • [Scots..var of poison; cf SND..]
put at v phr • [Scots dial]
put v • [..antecedents in Scots and Engl dial; pit is the common form in Scots and nEngl dial..]
put v B2 • [..the Scots, nEngl dial inflection of pit..]
queer adj B • [Cf SND queer adj. 3..]
queerous n • [..cf SND querious]
quile v2 • [..cf also SND quall v. “Of wind, etc.: to lull, abate”]
rag n2 • [..SND n.2 I.1 “A disturbance, a noisy dispute”]
raise v B5 • [Chiefly Scots dial; cf EDD]
ramshackled ppl adj 1 • [..perh infl by Scots dial camshacle to distort, disorder]
ramstugious adj • [SND ramstageous, ramstugious “Rough, coarse, uncouth”]
ratch v2 1 • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
redd v 2 • [..SND redd v.1 4.(2)]
redd v 3 • [..SND redd v.1 6.(3), 7.(1), rid v. 5.(2), 6]
redd v 4 • [..SND rede v.2 3, redd v.1 4.(6)..]
redding comb n • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial..]
rede n • [Scots dial; see EDD rede sb.2]
reel-footed adj • [Scots, Ir dial]
ree-rye n • [Prob var of nIr dial ree-raw; cf EDD, SND reel rall]
relievo n • [..Ult from arch, chiefly Scots dial relieve to release, rescue]
residenter n • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial]
ribble off v phr • [SND (at reeble v. 1) “To reel off in a hurried, expressionless manner”]
ribey adj • [Cf SND ribe n. 2 “A long-legged, thin person...”]
ride v1 B9 • [Var of..Scots..(someone or something) to ride the water on (or with)..]
rinse v, n • [..cf..also SND, which gives [rɪnz] as the usu Scots pronc]
rippet n • [Scots dial..]
rizzle v • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
road n1 B1 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
rounce n • [EDD roonses..— reported from Aberdeenshire. Cf SND round n. 9, where roonses is interpreted as a double plural..]
ruction n • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial, cf EDD..]
rue v • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial]
rullion n • [Scots dial; cf SND rullion (at rivlin n. 4)]
rumbled up adj phr • [Engl, Scots dial; cf SND..]
run-a-mile n • [Cf SND..]
run sheep run n • [Perh of Scots origin,..cf SND] (MAP)
saft adj • [Scots dial var of soft]
sawney n • [Scots dial..]
scale v1 • [Scots, nEngl dial scale, skail to disperse, depart]
scallyhoot v • [Cf SND skellihewit “A row, a noisy quarrel, din, rumpus”]
scamp v1 • [Prob Scots, Engl dial; cf SND scamp v...; EDD scamp v.1]
scaper v • [Cf SND scape v. 2 “To run at large, to scamper.”]
scoot v 1 • [Scots, nEngl, nIr dial scoot, scout]
scotch v2 • [From arch scotch..which has var specialized senses in Scots, Engl dial,..SND scutch v.3 1, 2..]
scour adj • [Perh rel to Scots scourie shabby, ragged]
scrawn n • [..cf SND scrawn (at scran n. 2..)]
scrooch v • Cf EDD, SND
scrooch v • [..prob of Scots, nEngl dial origin]
scrunt n • [Scots, nEngl dial]
scunner n • [Scots, nEngl dial]
scunner v • [Scots, nEngl dial]
several adj, n, pron B • [Scots, Ir; cf EDD, Concise Ulster Dict.]
shabby adj • [Scots, nEngl dial]
shank it v phr • [Scots, nEngl dial]
shaw n • [Engl, Scots, Ir dial;..EDD shaw sb.1 1]
sheep sour n • [..may instead (or also) derive from Scots sheep sourock..]
shelving n • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
shifting clothes n • [Scots dial]
shock n2 • [Scots dial]
shoo-round n • [Cf ..SND shue v. 1 “To swing, rock or sway backwards and forwards”]
-sie suff • [SND -sie suff. 2]
simmy n • [Cf SND simmy v. “To mope about..”]
singlings n • [SND 1796 ➝]
skate n2 • [Sense 1 is of Scots origin..]
skate n2 1 • [SND skate n.1 3..]
skate n2 3 • [Cf skate v 4 and SND skite n.1 3..]
skate v 2 • [..SND skite v.1 ..] (MAP)
skate v 4 • [Cf SND skite v.1 5(2)..]
skeelings n • [Cf SND keel v.3 “To skim the floating fat from soup, etc.”]
skeet n1 • [SND skeet n.1..]
skeet v • [Cf EDD skeet v., SND v.1, v.2]
skeet v 3 • [SND skeet v.1 1 “To (make to) skim over the surface of water”]
skeller-eyed adj • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial..]
skep n1 • [..scape is an older Scots var]
sketch n • [SND sketch n.2 “a brief period of time..”]
skift n1 • [Var of skiff; SND skift n.2 1889 ➝..]
skift n2 • [SND skift n.1 2, skiff n.1 2..]
skift v1 • [Cf SND skiff v. 5.., skift v. 21..]
skinny malink n • [.. SND (at skinny adj. 2)..]
skirt n • [Cf SND skirp n. 1..]
skite n • [..SND skite n.2 2 “A nasty or objectionable person”]
slack jaw n • [Scots, Engl dial..]
slank adj • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
slash n1 • [Prob..imit..cf..Scots, nEngl dial slashy muddy, miry]
sleep in v phr • [Scots dial; cf EDD sleep v. II.2] (MAP)
sloosh n1, v • [..Scots dial; cf SND sloosh n. 2 ``A dash of water ..,'' v. ``To splash..'']
sloosh-hole n • [Cf SND slush n. 1 ``A wet marshy place, a puddle, quagmire..'']
slope v • [Prob from Scots, nEngl, nIr dial slope to trick, cheat, evade..]
sly v • [Scots, nEngl dial]
smudder v, n • [..presumably inherited from Brit dial (see..SND).]
snead n • [..(esp in form sned) Scots dial,..cf..EDD, SND..]
sneak v 2a • [..Cf..SND snoke..]
sneck n, v • [Scots, nEngl dial]
snib n, v • [Scots dial]
snool n • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
snooled down adj phr • [Scots dial snool to bully; to keep in subjection]
sonsy adj • [Scots, nEngl dial]
sook exclam • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial as a call to calves..] (MAP)
sour milk n • [..Scots,..cf..SND sour I.1.(13)]
sow n2 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
sow and pigs n • [Cf Scots sow in the kirk..] (MAP)
spratch n • [Cf SND spret n.2 1 ``A sudden spring or leap, jump, bound'']
springle out v phr • [Cf..SND springly ``?Twiggy, having many small shoots or branches'']
sprout v1 1 • [Scots, nEngl dial]
spug n • [Scots, Engl dial ``house sparrow''; cf EDD, SND]
stanchel n • [Scots and chiefly nEngl dial..] (MAP)
stancheous adj • [Abbrs for arch Scots dial substantious]
staple n1 • [Scots dial]
stave v 5 • [Engl and Scots dial]
staves, to adv phr • [..cf SND stave n. 2]
stay v 1 • [Scots, nIr dial]
steady adv B1 • [Cf SND steady adv. ``Continuously, all the time''..]
steady bee n • [Cf SND steady v. ``Of a hawk..: to hover in one spot..for prey''..]
steer v • [Pronc varr of stir(red); cf SND steer v.1]
step aside v phr • [SND (at step v.) ``to err morally..'']
stile v • [Scots dial stell (also stile) to put in place, station, set up]
stink base n • [Cf SND stink n. 2..Also.. SND dale, dail n.4 2..]
stinking willie n 1 • [A Scots name..(SND 1825 ➝)..]
stob n • [..nEngl, Scots, nIr dial]
stob v B5 • [SND stob v. 3 ``to mark or bound with posts; to prop up with stakes'']
stog v • [chiefly Scots, nIr dial]
stove v2 4 • [SND stave v. 3 ``To sprain, bruise or confuse a joint of the body'']
strand n1 • [Scots, nEngl dial strand a stream, channel]
strange adj 3 • [SND strange adj. 2 ``shy, self-conscious among strangers..”]
stravage v • [Scots dial]
strengthy adj • [nEngl, Scots dial]
striffen n • [Scots, nIr dial; prob < Scots Gael..]
strop n, v • [strop.. Scots dial form strap, but remains std in a few technical senses..]
strushled adj • [SND strushle adj. ``[strʌʃl]...Untidy, slovenly, disorderly, of persons or things'']
sturk n • [Scots, nEngl dial stirk, sturk a young bull; fig, a stupid or foolish person]
such adj, adv, pron • [Cf EDD for Scots, Ir, Engl dial forms]
sugan n • [Ir, Scots Engl suggan (< Ir, Scots Gael súgán)...]
susy adj • [Cf SND susy (at shusy n. 1) ``Used for a woman in gen., esp. a silly..woman'']
suz intj • [Scots, Engl dial sirs.., (..cf SND ser v.2)..]
swag n 1 • [Engl, Scots dial]
swag n 5 • [SND swag n. 4 ``A quantity of liquid or liquor, a long `pull' or draught'']
swagger v • [..cf SND swag v.2 ``Only in fut. tense I'll swag, I'll bet'' and wager v...]
swan v • [Reanalysis of Scots, nEngl dial I'se warn..(..SND warrand v.)]
swanky n • [Scots, nEngl dial]
swanny v • [Reanalysis of Scots dial I'se warn ye..] (MAP)
swarp v • [Varr of swap in var senses now obs or found only in Engl, Scots dial..]
swarp v 1 • [..SND swap v.1 ``To strike, hit,..scourge.'']
swarp v 2a • [SND swap v.1 3 ``To brandish (a weapon), make a swipe with'']
swarp v 2b • [SND swap v.1 3 ``to cast a fishing-rod'']
swarp v 4 • [SND swap v.1 5..; 6..]
swarp v 6 • [Cf.. SND swap v.1 7 ``tr. To drink in quick long gulps'']
swatch v 1 • [..cf SND swash v. 3.(2) ``to go about in a showy ostentatious way'']
swatch v 2 • [Cf SND swash v. 3.(1) ``to rush to and fro,..bustle'']
swither n • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
swoggle v • [Cf SND swaible (also swabble) v. 2 ``To mop up..energetically'']
swop n • [Cf..SND swap n.1 4 ``A pull or swig of liquor'']
sword n • [Prob from Scots, Engl dial..]
tackle n • [The forms with [e] and [i]..continue Brit dial forms (cf..SND tackle)..]
take down v phr a • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
take in v phr • [SND tak v. B.1.(8).(viii) ``intr. of a church: to assemble..'']
take up v phr 2 • [SND tak v. B.1.(14).(vi) ``to re-open (a school or college)..]
tarve v • [..Brit evidence later than the 16th cent is a single 1824 Scots ex of the form tirvie.]
taste v B3 • [Scots dial; cf..SND taste v. 2]
teethache n • [SND 1840 ➝; EDD 1898 ➝]
tell v B2b • [nScots, nIr, and swEngl dial]
that's pron • [..reinterpretation of that's contraction of that his; cf..SND that pron. I.1]
the def art B1 • [Chiefly Scots dial; cf EDD the 12 ``Comb. with day, morn, night, &c.: this, `to-.' '']
them-uns pron • [Scots, nIr dial; cf SND them yins (at yin pron. 3)]
thereaway(s) adv • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
they pron2 • [Prob from Scots the(y)..(SND there adv. 1)...]
thole v • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
thoughty adj 1 • [Scots dial; cf OED2 ``Obs. exc. Sc.'']
thribble adj, adv, n, v • [..cf EDD thribble, SND threeple]
thriblet n • [Cf SND threeplet (at threeple n. II)]
throng adj • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial]
throughother adv, adj, n • [Scots, Ir, nEngl dial throughother, throughither..]
tick tag n • [Scots, nEngl dial tick to touch lightly, esp in a children's game of tag]
tight adv 2 • [Cf SND ticht adv. ``attentively, closely'']
till prep B1 • [Scots, nIr, nEngl dial]
till prep B2 • [Scots dial]
time about adv phr • [Scots, nEngl dial]
titling n • [Cf SND titlin n. 2 ``The smallest and weakest in a brood, esp. of pigs in a litter.'']
titty n1 • [Perh Scots, nEngl colloq or hypocoristic titty sister..]
to prep B4 • [Scots, nIr dial; cf SND tae prep. 6.(4).(i), EDD to prep. 4]
toad n 6 • [SND 1768 ➝]
torn down adj phr 1 • [Scots, Engl dial]
tottle v 2 • [Scots, nEngl dial..]
troke n • [SND troke n. 4 ``Any small piece of work or business..'']
trollop v 3 • [Scots dial]
truckle v • [Cf SND troke I.4 ``..to trudge about'']
turn v C5 • [Scots, nIr dial turn the wild cat..to turn head over heels]
-um suff • [Cf SND -um suff ``esp. in children's language'']
untelling ppl adj • [Scots dial]
upcast v • [nEngl, Scots, Ir dial]
us-uns pron • [Scots, nIr dial; cf SND us yins (at yin pron. 3)]
vaunty adj • [Scots, nIr dial]
wallink n • [Scots, nEng, Ir dial wellink, wallink ..]
wally basket n • [Scots wallie fine, beautiful + basket]
want v1 C1 • [..this constr..occurs..chiefly among Scots and Anglo-Irish writers.]
want v1 C2 • [Scots, nIr dial..]
want v1 C3 • [Prob of Scots, nIr orig..]
wattle n1 • [Scots, nEngl, nIr dial]
weather gall n • [nEngl, Scots, nIr dial]
weed n • [Scots, Ir dial]
whang n1 • [Brit, esp Scots, nIr, dial var of thong]
what-all pron 1a • [Scots, nIr dial]
what for adv phr 1 • [nEngl, Scots dial]
what for (a) adj phr • [In some areas..a calque of Ger was für (ein),..in others perh from..Scots and Engl (Kentish) dial...]
whenever conj a • [..SND (at whan)..]
where-all adv • [Prob..Scots, nIr dial..]
whim-wham for a goose('s) bridle n • [Scots, nIr dial; cf EDD whim-wham 9.(3)]
whinge v • [Scots, nEngl dial]
whip v, n A1 (pronc) • [Scots dial whup] (MAP)
whip v, n A4 (pronc) • [Scots dial]
whistlewood n • [Scots, nIr dial]
white liver n • [Cf..SND white liver (at white adj. I.(39));..]
why for adv • [Orig swEngl, Scots dial..]
widowman n • [Engl, Scots, nIr dial] (MAP)
widow woman n 1 • [Engl, Scots, nIr dial] (MAP)
will v B3 • [SND will v.1 4..]
wingle v • [SND wingle v. 1..2 ..]
winker n 1 • [Orig nEngl, Scots dial; cf EDD winker sb. 1]
wizzen n • [Chiefly nEngl, Scots, nIr varr of weasand; cf ..SND wizzen, Concise Ulster Dict. weasen]
wonder v1 1 • [..reflect Brit dial survivals of ME idioms (see..SND wunner II.1).]
worth adj B • [..SND worth adj. 2 ..; 1.(1) little-worth, -wirt..]
yonder adv, adj, n A4 (pronc) [SND [ˈjon(d)ər]]
york v • [Scots, nEngl dial; cf EDD york (at yawk v. 1)]
you-uns pron1 • [Scots, nIr dial you-ones, you-uns, you yins]
Scots Gaelic See Gaelic
coontie n • [Seminole kunti]
trembling earth n • [Calque of Seminole okefinokee]
dupa n • [..cf..Serbo-Croatian dupe]
mechameck n • [..cf Shawnee mak-, Menominee mɛ·c big (in reference to the large root)]
muffuletta n • [Sicilian dial muffuletta a soft, spongy roll]
pasta fazool n • [..cf Sicilian fasula..bean]
kishke n • [Yiddish, ult of Slavic origin..]
-sky suff • [Appar in imitation of Russ (or other Slavic) names or other words ending with this element..]
halushky n pl • [Slovak halušky]
potica n • [Slovene..]
Smoky Mountains; Dictionary of Smoky Mountain English (See also Appalachians)
grayback n 5 • Smoky Mountain area
tarpole wagon n • [..DSME suggests that tarpole is a folk-etym for tarpaulin.]
milo maize n • [Sotho maili] (MAP)
South (See also Inland South)
a prep1 3 • chiefly Sth
*a prep1 5 • throughout US, but esp freq in Midl, SW; less freq Sth, NEng
a inert vowel • now chiefly Sth, Midl
about prep, adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
about to die adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
above one’s bend adv phr • esp Sth, West
Abraham Lincoln n • chiefly Sth, Midl
account n (pronc) • esp Sth, Midl
act v B1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
Adam’s apple n 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
adder n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, NEast; rare in West (MAP)
afear(e)d adj • once widespread, now chiefly Sth, Midl
afflicted ppl adj • chiefly Sth, Midl
afore adv, conj, prep • once widespread, now chiefly Sth, Midl
African n1 B1 • Sth
African n1, adj C1 • now chiefly Sth
after prep, adv, conj, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
after prep, adv, conj, n (pronc) • esp NEng, Sth
afterwhile adv • chiefly Sth, Midl
again conj D • chiefly Sth, Midl
again prep C1 • now chiefly Sth, Midl
agate n 3 • chiefly Sth, Midl
ageable adj • chiefly Sth
aggie forti(e)s n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
aggravate v B • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
aggravated ppl adj • widespread, though esp freq in Sth, Midl
aggravating ppl adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ague n (pronc) • Sth, Midl (MAP)
aim v • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl
air n (pronc) • Sth
airish adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
airish adj 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
airn pron • Sth, S Midl
air potato n • Sth
airy adj1 1 • chiefly Sth, NEast (MAP)
Alabama n (pronc) • chiefly Sth
alder tag n • Sth
all adj1 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
all-day singing n • Sth
alligator n1 B10 • Sth
alligator bait n 2 • chiefly Sth
alligator bonnet(s) n • Sth
alligator tree n • chiefly Sth
all-overs n pl 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
allow v 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
allow v 4 • chiefly Sth, Midl
alls n pl • ?Sth
all she wrote, that’s phr • chiefly Sth, West
all sorts of adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
all the • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
all (the) time adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
along of prep 1 • chiefly Midl, Sth
aloose adj • Sth, Midl
already adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
aluminum n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
a many a adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ambeer n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ambitious adj 1 • Sth, Midl
ambrosia n 2 • chiefly Sth
amen corner n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
amen pew n • chiefly Sth and Atl States
a mind adj phr • chiefly NEng, Sth
and conj B2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
and them conj phr • chiefly Sth
angel’s-trumpet n 1 • Sth, CA and HI
anigh prep • esp Sth, S Midl
ankle express n • esp West, Sth
ant n (pronc) • Sth
antigodlin adj, adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
antigoglin adj, adv • Sth, S Midl, West
antses n pl • Sth
anxious bench n • chiefly N Atl, Sth, S Midl
anyways adv 1 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
anyways adv 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ape n 1 • chiefly Sth
apple haw n • chiefly Sth
appreciate v B1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
apron n B4 • chiefly Sth, Midl
arbor n B1 • Sth, Midl
argue v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
argufy v • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
arrow n (pronc) • Sth, Midl
arrowwood n c • chiefly Sth
arthuritis n • esp Sth, Midl
article n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
ary adj • throughout US, but esp Sth, Midl
as conj B3 • chiefly Midl, Sth
as pron D • formerly widespread, now chiefly Midl, Sth
asafetida n (pronc) • Sth, Midl, and less frequently elsewhere
ascared adj • chiefly Midl, Sth
ash-box n • chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
ash bread n • chiefly Sth, Midl
ashcake n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ash-hopper n • chiefly Sth, Midl
as how conj phr • chiefly Sth, Midl
ash pone n • chiefly Sth, Midl, esp VA
ashy adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ask v A1a (pronc) • formerly esp NEng, now chiefly Sth, Midl
ask v A1b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
ask v A2a (pronc) • now chiefly Sth, Midl
ask v A2b (pronc) • now chiefly Sth, Midl
assign v • Sth
ass-licker n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
at prep 3 • chiefly Sth, Midl
at prep 4 • chiefly Sth, Midl
at all adv • chiefly Sth, Midl
atamasco (lily) n 1 • Sth
at oneself adj phr • chiefly Sth, Midl
audacious(ly) adj, adv (pronc) • Sth, Midl
*aunt n A2 (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, less freq Sth
aunt n B2 • Sth, Midl
awful adj 3 • Sth, S Midl
babe n • Sth
baby n 3 • esp Sth
baby catcher n • chiefly Sth
back v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
back back v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
backband n • now chiefly Sth
back-buster n • Sth, Midl
backdoor trot n 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
backset n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
backward(s) adj, adv, n (pronc) • esp Sth, Midl
backy n1 • ?Sth
bacon n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bad adj B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bad adj B7 • chiefly Sth, Midl
bad adj B8 • chiefly Sth, Midl
bad adv 2 • appar Sth, Midl
bad child n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bad man n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bad off adj phr 2 • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bad off adj phr 3b • Sth
bad pay n • Sth, S Midl
bad place n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bad sick adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, but esp Inland Sth (MAP)
bagging (sack) n • Sth
bait n 1d • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bait n 2 • Sth, S Midl
bait n 3 • chiefly Sth
baitworm n • chiefly Midl, Sth
balcony n (pronc) • Sth
baldface n 3 • chiefly Sth, Midl
ball n1 3 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
ball v1 • Sth
balm n (pronc) • Sth, Midl
bandy-shanked adj • prob Sth, S Midl
banjo n (pronc) • Sth, Midl
bank n1 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
bank v 2 • chiefly Sth
banter n • chiefly Sth, Midl
banter v 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
Baptist n (pronc) • esp Sth, Midl
Baptist pallet n • chiefly Sth
bar n3 • Sth, esp sLA and other Fr settlement areas
bar n4 • chiefly Sth, Midl, nNY
barlow knife n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
barn lot n • chiefly Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
bar off v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
barrel n B1 • chiefly Midl, Sth
base n B2 • widespread, but esp Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
basing n • Sth
basket dinner n • chiefly Midl, occas Sth
basket meeting n • Sth, S Midl
bastard oak n 1 • chiefly Sth
bat v2 1 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bath v • ?chiefly Sth, S Midl
bathcloth n • Sth
battercake n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
battle v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
battling stick n • Sth, S Midl
bayou n (pronc) • esp Sth, Midl
be v A1 (pronc) • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl
be v B1a(1) • chiefly NEast, Sth
be v B1a(3) • esp Sth
be v B1c • esp NEng & settlement areas; also Sth
be v B1f • esp freq among Blacks; occas among Whites in the Sth
be v B1g • chiefly Sth
be v B3a • chiefly Sth
be v B3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
be v B3c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
be v B5a • esp Midl, Sth
be v B5b • chiefly Midl, Sth
be v B6 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
be v C2a (pronc) • ?chiefly Sth, Midl
be v C2b (pronc) • chiefly NEng, NY, nPA; also Sth, esp eVA, eNC
bead tree n • Sth
beans, not to know v phr c • esp Sth, S Midl
bear n1 A (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
bear n1 B • ?chiefly Sth, Midl
bear v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
beast n B1 • Sth, S Midl, NEng
beast n B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
beat bobtail v phr • ?Sth
beaten biscuit n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp KY, MD, VA (MAP)
beatenest adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
beater n 2 • chiefly Sth
beaucoup adj, n, adv • chiefly Sth (MAP)
beau dollar n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
beautyberry n • chiefly Sth
because conj (pronc) • in Sth, S Midl
bed n (pronc) • chiefly Sth
bed n A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bed n B1 • Sth, S Midl
bed v 2 • chiefly Sth
bedroom shoe n • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl (MAP)
bedstead n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bee gum n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bee martin n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*beet tops n pl • widespread, but least freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
before-day n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
beg v (pronc) • chiefly in Sth
begin v A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
begin v A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
behind prep • chiefly Sth
behind prep B2 • chiefly Sth
behind a dime adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid Atl (MAP)
beholden adj • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
being conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
belike adv • ?Sth
bell cow n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
bellows n, v (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl
bell pepper n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
bellyband n • Sth
belly-buster n, adv 2 • chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent (MAP and Map Section)
belly washer n 1 • ?Sth, S Midl
belong v B • Sth, S Midl
bench-legged adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
benne n • Sth, esp SC
betsy bug n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp AR, KY
betwixt prep • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
beyond prep, adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
B from (a) bull’s foot, not to know v phr • now chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
biddable adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
biddy n3 • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl
bid whist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
biff n1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
biff v • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
big adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
big v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
big daddy n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
big day n • Sth
big dog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SC (MAP and Map Section)
big-eye adj 1 • Sth
biggity adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
big hominy n • Sth, S Midl
big house n 1 • chiefly Sth
big Ike n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
big mamma n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
big meeting n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
big road n • chiefly Sth, Midl
big time n • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl
bill n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
billfolder n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bimeby adv • [..prob reinforced in Sth by slave use since it was widespread in pidgin and creole English of 17th cent and after]
bird n A1 (pronc) • esp coastal Sth, NYC, eNEng
bird n A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bird n B1 • chiefly Sth
bird n B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
birth v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
birthing vbl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
biscuit n A • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
biscuit n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
biscuit-eater n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
biscuits n • Sth
-bit suff • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bite v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bitter adj 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bitterweed n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, TX (MAP)
bitterweed milk n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
black-and-tan n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blackberry storm n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blackberry winter n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
black bottle n • widespread, but esp Sth
black-bottom pie n • chiefly Sth
black curlew n • prob chiefly Sth
black dark n • prob Sth, S Midl
black Dutch n • esp common Sth, S Midl
black-eyed pea n • widespread, but esp freq in Sth, Midl
black-eyed Susie n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
black frost n 2 • chiefly Sth
black gum n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
black haw n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
black iron n • chiefly Sth
blackjack n 5 • chiefly Sth
blackjack oak n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
black man n 1 • esp common Sth, S Midl
black racer n 1 • chiefly Sth (Map Section)
blacktongue n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
blade n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blare v 4 • chiefly Sth
blared ppl adj • chiefly Sth
blare-eyed ppl adj • chiefly Sth
blast n 4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, scattered Sth (MAP)
blate n, v A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
blate n, v A2 • chiefly Sth (MAP and Map Section)
blate v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blaze-face n 1 • chiefly Sth, W Midl
bleed v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bless out v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blind n 1 • chiefly Sth, NEast (MAP)
*blind n 2 • widespread, but least freq NEast, Sth (MAP)
blind bridle n • scattered, but esp common Sth, S Midl
blindfold n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
blindman’s buff n c • chiefly Sth, Midl
blind tiger n 1 • chiefly Sth, W Midl (MAP and Map Section)
blip n, intj • prob Sth, S Midl
blizzard n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
block and tickle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blood boil n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blood kin n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bloodshotten adj • chiefly S Midl, Sth
bloodweed n • chiefly Sth, esp TX
bloodybones n • Sth
bloom n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blouse n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
blow n2 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blow v1 A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, and scattered Nth (MAP)
blow fire (out) v phr • Sth, S Midl
blubber n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blubber v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blue adj 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blue bean n • Sth
blue blazes n a • chiefly Sth, esp SC
blue catfish n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp lower Missip Valley (MAP)
blue crane n 1 • chiefly Sth
blue darter n 2 • chiefly Sth
blue eye n • chiefly Sth
blue gum n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blue-gummed adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blue hen’s chicken n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blue john n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blue martin n • esp Sth, Missip Valley
blue Peter n 1 • chiefly Sth, esp FL
bluetick n • Sth, Midl
bluff n1 a • chiefly Sth
boar n attrib • chiefly Sth, S Midl
board n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bobble n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bobtailed flush n • scattered, but more common Sth and West
bodacious adj, adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bodaciously adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
body waist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bofe adj, pron • chiefly Sth
bog the shadow of a buzzard v phr • Sth
bogue v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
boguish adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bohunkus n 1 • chiefly Sth, esp TX
boil adj • chiefly Sth, NEng
boil n1, v (pronc) • Sth, Midl, NEng
boiled custard n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
boiler n1 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
boiling n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
boiling water n • chiefly Sth
bollworm n • Sth
bone felon n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
booger n1 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
booger n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
booger v1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW
boogerbear n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
boogerman n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
boogerman n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bookity-book adv, n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
books n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
boot n1 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bootlick n • now chiefly Sth
bootlick v • chiefly Sth
boresome adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
born v tr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
born days n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
borning vbl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
borrow v A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl and NEng, esp ME
bosh n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
boss, get oneself a v phr • chiefly Sth, sMissip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
boss-man n 1 • chiefly Sth, sAppalachians (MAP)
bottled drink n • chiefly Sth, esp NC
bottom n 1a • chiefly Sth, W Midl (MAP)
bottom n 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bottom n 8 • Sth, S Midl
bottomland n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
bound v 1 • chiefly Sth
box n 2 • Sth, S Midl
box n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
box v2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
box-ankled adj • chiefly Sth
boxing n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
boy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
brag adj • chiefly Sth, Midl
brake n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX
brake n4 • Sth
branch n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
branch water n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bray n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bread n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
break n1 5 • esp Sth, S Midl
break v B7 • chiefly Sth
breakdown n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
break it off in v phr • Sth, S Midl
break off v phr • chiefly Sth
break one’s leg v phr • chiefly Sth
break one’s neck v phr • esp Sth
bream n (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl
bream n B3 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*breastbone n • scattered, but least freq in Nth and Sth
breath harp n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
brickle adj 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
brierberry n • Sth
brier hook n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bright adj 2 • Sth
bring v A (pronc) • in Sth, S Midl
bring v C4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
brinjer n • Sth
britches n pl 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
britches n pl 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
britches n pl 2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
britches n pl 3 • chiefly Sth, Midl
brogan n 1 • widespread, but esp common in Sth, S Midl (MAP)
broiler house n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
broken vein n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*broody n • widespread, but least freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
broom sage broom n • chiefly Sth
broom sedge n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
broomstraw n • chiefly Sth
brother n A1 • esp Sth, S Midl
brother n A2 • orig among Southern Blacks
brother n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bruise v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Brunswick stew n • chiefly Sth, esp VA, NC, GA (MAP)
brush n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
brush n, v1 A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
brush v2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
brush arbor n • chiefly Sth, Midl
brush broom n1 • Sth, S Midl
bubba n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bubblegum machine n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*buck n1 1a • widespread, but infreq in Sth (MAP)
buck n1 1c • chiefly Sth, Midl
buck n1 1e • chiefly Sth
buck n1 2a • chiefly Midl, Sth
buck n1 2c • chiefly Midl, Sth
buck-and-wing n • widely known, but used esp Sth, S Midl
*buckboard n 1 • widespread, but less freq in Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bucket n 1 • formerly chiefly Sth and Midl, now more widespread
bucket n 2a • chiefly S Midl, Sth
buckeye n 9 • esp Sth, Inland Nth
buck-eyed adj2 • chiefly Sth, Midl (Map Section)
bud n2 1a • widespread, but esp common in Sth, S Midl
buddy n 1a • widespread, but chiefly Midl, Sth
buddy v • chiefly W Midl, Sth
buffet n A2 (pronc) • esp Sth
bug n1 8 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bug n1 14c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bug n1 14e • W Midl, Sth
bug v 1 • chiefly Sth
bugaboo n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
bugger n1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bughouse n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bulge n, v (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl
bull n 1 • Sth, S Midl
bullace n 2 • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl
bull bay n • chiefly Sth
bullfrogs, rain v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bullgrass n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bullnose pepper n • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bull of the woods n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Pacific (MAP)
bull tongue n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bumblebee adj • Sth, S Midl
bumfuzzle v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bump n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bunch bean n • esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
bundle n, v1 (pronc) • in Sth, S Midl
burrhead n1 1 • scattered, but esp Sth
burying n • Sth, S Midl
bush arbor n • Sth
bush ax n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid Atl (MAP)
bush baby n • Sth
bush hog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bush hog v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bush hook n • chiefly Sth, NEast (MAP)
bushpea n • esp Sth
bust v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
busthead n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
butter bean n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
butter pea n • Sth, Midl
buzzard lope n • chiefly Sth
buzzard roost n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SC, TX (MAP)
buzzard-wing sweep n • Sth, S Midl
by prep 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cabbage n B2 • chiefly NEast, Sth (MAP)
cabbage pea n • Sth
cackle v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cafe n • chiefly West, Sth (MAP)
calaboose n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, West (MAP)
calf-eyes n • prob Sth, S Midl
call v 12 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
call hogs v phr • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
calm n, adj, v (pronc) • esp in Sth, Midl, infreq in NEng
camel walk n • chiefly Sth
camp meeting n • chiefly Sth, Midl
can v1 1b (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl
candle n A (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl
candle fly n • chiefly Sth, Midl
candy pulling n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast, CA (MAP)
canebrake rattler n • Sth
canecutter n • Sth
can’t see n • chiefly Sth
cap n1 2a • chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
cap n1 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cap v 4 • Sth, S Midl
Cape jasmine n • Sth
captain n B2 • Sth, S Midl
carbox n • Sth
carcass n • perh esp Sth, S Midl
car house n • Sth, S Midl
carpet, on the adj phr • Sth, S Midl, esp NC, TX, AR (MAP)
carry v (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
carry v B1 • formerly freq in NEng; now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
carry v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
carry v B4 • chiefly Sth
car shed n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cash money n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cat n 3c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cat n 8 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*catalpa n • widespread, but least freq in Sth
catamount n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast
catawampus adv 2 • chiefly Midl, Sth
catawampus n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
catawba n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OH, IN (MAP)
catch v B9 • Sth, S Midl
catch v B10 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
catch ’im v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
catch-pain n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
catercorner adj A1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cathead n • Sth, S Midl
cattle gap n • chiefly Sth
cave-in n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cavort v • orig chiefly Sth, S Midl, now widespread
cease v1 (pronc) • Sth
cease v1 B • chiefly Sth, Ozarks (MAP)
cease v2 • chiefly Sth
cedar pencil n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cedar pine n 1 • chiefly Sth
cement n, v, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cent n (pronc) • chiefly Sth
cent n b • chiefly Sth
certain adj, adv (pronc) • esp NEast, Sth, S Midl
certain adv B2 • chiefly Sth
chair n (pronc) • Sth and S Midl, scattered in PA, NEng
chairbacker n • Sth, S Midl
chamber lye n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
chance n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
change v1 • chiefly Sth, sAppalachians (MAP)
channel bass n • chiefly Sth
chap n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*Charley horse n • widespread, but least freq NEast and Sth
chartered adj • Sth, S Midl
check n1 3 • Sth, S Midl
check out v phr 2 • chiefly Sth
cheese-eater n • chiefly Sth
Cherokee rose n • Sth
chess pie n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chew one’s bit(s) v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chew one’s tobacco v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chickamy chickamy craney crow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chicken corn n 1 • Sth
chicken-eater n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chicken snake n 1 • chiefly Sth, Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
chickie n 1 • widespread, but esp freq in Midl and Sth (MAP)
chickoo intj • Sth, S Midl
chifforobe n • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
child n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
child n A2 (pronc) • chiefly nNEng, Sth, S Midl
child n A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
child n A2 (pronc) • esp Sth
child n A3 • Sth, S Midl
chill bumps n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chill tonic n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chimney n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl, occas NEng
chimney n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chimney sweep n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*chimney swift n • widespread exc West, Sth (MAP)
china n (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
chinch n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chinchy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chink v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chinquapin n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chippy n2 3 • formerly East, Sth; now chiefly Inland Nth and West (MAP)
chittamwood n 2 • chiefly Sth, SW
chittamwood n 3 • chiefly Sth, SW
chitterling bread n • Sth
chitterlings n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chocolate drop n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
cholera n (pronc) • esp in Sth
chook intj • chiefly eNEng, Sth
choose v B • chiefly NEng, Sth
chop n1 1 • now chiefly Sth, Midl
chop v B1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
chounse v 1 • Sth, Midl
Christian n • Sth
Christmas n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Christmas n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Christmas Eve n • ?chiefly Sth, S Midl
Christmas gift exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Christmas tree n 3 • chiefly Sth, nNEng, also S Midl (MAP)
chuck-a-luck n • esp West, Sth
chuck-will’s-widow n • chiefly Sth
chufa n • chiefly Sth
chug v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chunk-floater n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
church house n • chiefly S Midl, Sth
circumstance n B2 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
civil adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
civilize v 1 • Sth
clabber n1 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl and West (MAP and Map Section)
clabber cheese n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
clap in, clap out n • esp Sth, S Midl, NEng
claybank adj • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
clay pea n • Sth
clear n, v, adv, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
clearstone n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
clever adj 3 • formerly NEng, now chiefly Sth, S Midl
climb v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
climb v 2d • chiefly Sth
clod buster n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
clodknocker n • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl
coat n 1 • Sth
coat n 2 • Sth, S Midl
cobbler n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
coca-cola n A (pronc) • Sth
coca-cola n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW
cock n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
coco grass n • chiefly Sth, esp LA, MS
coffin tack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
coil v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cold bumps n pl • chiefly Sth
cold drink n • chiefly Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
collard n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
colonel n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
colored n • chiefly Sth
comb n B2 • chiefly Midl, occas Sth (MAP)
come v A5b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
come back (again) v phr • chiefly Midl, scattered Sth
come by v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
come-by-chance n • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
come easy, go easy adj phr • chiefly Sth
come-off n 1 • Sth, S Midl
come sick v phr • Sth, S Midl
come through v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
come up v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
come up v phr 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
comfort n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
*comforter n 1 • widespread, but least freq in Sth (MAP)
comical adj • ?Sth
commode n 4a • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
company room n • Sth, S Midl
Confederate violet n • chiefly Sth
congealed salad n • chiefly Sth
congo n1 1 • chiefly Sth
congo n1 3 • Sth
conjure n • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl
conjure bag n • chiefly Sth
cookie n1 2 • Sth, S Midl
cookroom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cookshop n 1 • chiefly Sth
cooling board n • Sth, Midl
cooling room n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
coon n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
coon v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
coon v 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
cooncan n • esp Sth, SW
coon dog n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
coop n1 (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
Cooter Brown, drunk as adj phr • chiefly Sth
cope v2 • chiefly Midl, scattered Sth (MAP)
copperas n attrib • chiefly Sth, S Midl
copperhead snake n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
corn beer n • chiefly Sth
corn bin n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
corn bread n 1 • esp Sth
corn cake n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
corn crow n • Sth
corn dodger n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
corn dumpling n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
corner n1 • esp in Sth, S Midl
cornfield bean n • chiefly Sth
cornfield negro n • Sth
cornfield pea n • Sth, S Midl
cornfield school n • Sth
corn light bread n • Sth, S Midl
corn patty n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
corn pone n 1 • orig chiefly Sth, Midl, now widespread exc NEng
corn shucking n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
corn song n • chiefly Sth
corporosity n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
corruption n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cotton n 4 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
cotton box n • Sth
cottonhead n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
cotton house n • Sth
cotton-picking adv • esp Sth, SW
cottonweed n 5 • Sth
counterpin n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
country adj • chiefly Sth, Atlantic (MAP)
cover n, v (pronc) • Sth, Midl, occas NEng
cow lot n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
cowpea n • chiefly Sth, Midl
cow’s tail n 2 • esp Midl, Sth
cow tick n 1 • Sth
crab-apple switch n • Sth, S Midl, esp MS
crackling n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
crackling bread n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
crackloo n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
crack of day n • chiefly Sth
cramp-colic n • scattered Sth, S Midl
crank-sided adj • chiefly Sth
crawfish adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
crawfish n A • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
crawfish v 2 • chiefly Sth, W Midl, Pacific NW (MAP)
crawl v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*crazy bone n • widespread, but least freq in Sth, NYC (MAP)
cream gravy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
creature n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl, and NEng
credit n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
creep v A • chiefly Sth, S Midl
creep v B2 • chiefly Sth, scattered Midl (MAP)
creep v B3 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
cringe v, n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
crip n, adj • prob chiefly Sth
cripple n2 • Sth, esp SC
crook nose n • prob chiefly Sth, S Midl
crop n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
crop n B1 • prob chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
cropper n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
cross v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
crossways adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
crowder n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
crow to pick, have a v phr • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
cuckleburr n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
cud n (pronc) • Sth, Midl
cuffy n • chiefly Sth
cur dog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cure n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cure out v phr • Sth, S Midl
curiosity n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
curious adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
curious adj B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
curioussome adj • chiefly Sth
curl n, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
cush n1 • chiefly Sth
cushaw n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cuss-fight n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cut n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cut v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cut a rusty v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cut-bait n • chiefly Sth
cutoff n 1 • chiefly Sth
cut off v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cut on v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cut one’s comb v phr • chiefly Sth, NEng
cut one’s eyes v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cymling n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cymling-head n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dad n2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
daddy n 1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
daddy n 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dairy house n • esp Sth, S Midl
dam-buster n • esp Sth, S Midl
damn Yankee n • chiefly Sth
dasheen n • esp Sth
*davenport n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
day and time n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dead adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth
dead adj B1 • Sth, S Midl
dead adj B3 • Sth, S Midl
deadbeat v • esp Sth, S Midl
dead cat on the line n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dead lice are falling off, like adv phr • chiefly S Midl, Sth
deadline n • Sth, S Midl
death n (pronc) • chiefly Sth
declare v • Sth, S Midl
deedie n • Sth, S Midl
deep-water Baptist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
delicate adj • esp Sth, S Midl
den n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
den v • esp Sth, S Midl
despise v • Sth, S Midl
dest n • esp Sth, S Midl
devil n • chiefly Sth
devil n B2 • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl
devil n B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
devil v 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
devilish adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
devilment n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
devil’s footstool n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
devil’s horse n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
devil’s horse n 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
devil’s shoestring n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
devil’s-snuffbox n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dew n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
dew n (pronc) • Sth
dewberry n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
didapper n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
diddle v 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
dido n 1 • widespread, but esp NEng, Sth, S Midl
differ n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
differ v • Sth, S Midl
diggings n pl • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
dike v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dinner on the ground(s) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dinner pot n • esp Sth, S Midl
dip n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dip v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dipper n 6 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dipping stick n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
directly adv, conj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
directly adv B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dirk n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dirt v 1 • chiefly Sth
dirt dauber n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
dirt-eater n 1 • chiefly Sth
disfurnish v 1 • S Midl, Sth
dish n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dish-face n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dish-faced adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dishrag n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
disremember v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dive v 1 • Sth, S Midl, nNEng
dive v 2 • Sth, S Midl
do n1 5a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
do v B1 • chiefly Sth
do v B2 • chiefly Sth
do v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid and S Atl
do v B6 • esp Sth, S Midl
do v C5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
do v D2 • Sth, S Midl
do around v phr • Sth, S Midl
doctor v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
doctor woman n 2 • Sth, S Midl
dodge v 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
dodger n1 1 • Sth, S Midl
dog n1 B7 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dog n1 B17a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dog n1 B17d • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dog v 6 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dogbread n • Sth, S Midl
dog drunk adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dog fennel n 1 • chiefly S Midl, Sth
dog fennel n 4 • chiefly S Midl, Sth
dog finger n • Sth
doggery n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dog iron n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dog my cats intj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dog run n • chiefly S Midl, occas Sth
dog’s bait n • Sth, S Midl
dog’s foot, the intj • esp Sth
dog tick n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dogtrot n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
doing n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
doing n 2 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
doll baby n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
doll rags n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
domestic n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
done adv • Sth, S Midl
doodlebug n 1 • Sth, S Midl
doodl(e)y squat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
doogaloo n • Sth
dooley n 1 • chiefly Sth
door n (pronc) • chiefly Sth
dose n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dote v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
doty adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
double-back-action adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
double cabin n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
double-dog dare v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
double-jointed adj 1 • S Midl, Sth
double-pen(ned) adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
double shuffle n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, orig also NEng
double-team v 2 • chiefly Sth
double tenant n • chiefly Sth
double-u n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
doughface n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*doughnut hole n • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
down n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
down-and-out adj 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
down-and-out adj 3 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
down the country, give one v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
drag v B5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
drag harrow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dragon n B1 • esp Sth, S Midl
drain v, n1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
draw n 1a • chiefly Nth, Sth (MAP)
draw v B1 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
draw v B2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
draw v C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
draw v C3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
draw v C4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
draw v C7 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
dream v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
drink n B • chiefly Sth (MAP)
drink box n • chiefly Sth
drive n 8 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
drive v B2 • now esp Sth, S Midl
drive one’s ducks to a poor market v phr • chiefly S Midl, Sth
driver n 2 • chiefly Sth
driver n 3 • chiefly Sth
droll adj 1 • Sth, S Midl
drop n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
drop v D1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
drop one’s candy v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
drop shed n • esp Sth
dropsy n1 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
*drought n A3 (pronc) • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl
drummer n 6 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dry adj 1 • chiefly Sth
dry drizzle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dry fly n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dry grin n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
drying cloth n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dry-land turtle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, SW (MAP and Map Section)
dry so adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dry so adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dubious adj A2 • Sth, S Midl
dubious adj A3 • chiefly S Midl, also NEng, Sth
duck acorn n • chiefly Sth
duck fit n • chiefly Sth, Midl
*dud n 1 • scattered, but less freq Sth (MAP)
due adj, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dull adj 3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dumb chill n • chiefly Sth
dummy n 1 • esp Sth
durn v, intj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dusk dark n • chiefly Sth (MAP and Map Section)
dust n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*Dutch adj 1 • scattered, but less freq Sth, NEast
*Dutchman n 1 • widespread exc Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Dutch whippoorwill n • chiefly Sth
d.w.i. n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
dying adj, adv • esp Sth
earbob n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
earmark n • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
ear slit n • chiefly Sth, Midl
earth n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
earthworm n • widespread exc Rocky Mts, Upper MW; esp freq Sth (MAP)
ease v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
east n2 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
east n2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Easter lily n 3 • Sth
easy adj 3 • Sth, S Midl
eat v A2a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
eat v A2b (pronc) • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
eat v A3a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
eat v A3b (pronc) • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
eat v B2 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
eat v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
eating joint n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
-ed suff 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-ed suff 3 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
-ed suff 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
edge n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl, eNEng
eel n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
egg n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast
egg v1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
egg bread n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp GA (MAP)
egg custard (pie) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp MS (MAP)
egg-sucker n 1 • Sth, S Midl
egg turner n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
either conj E1 • chiefly Sth
element n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
eleven adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ellenyard n • Sth, S Midl
elm n (pronc) • widespread but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl
end n, v A1 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
end of nowhere(s) n • appar Sth, Midl
end of one’s row n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, exc Mid Atl
enduring adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
enduring prep • Sth, S Midl
entitle n • Sth
entrails n pl (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
equal n, v, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
er- • chiefly Sth
-er affix 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-es suff1 1b • Sth, S Midl
-es suff1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-est superl suff • chiefly Sth, S Midl
even adj, adv, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth
evening n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
event n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ever adj • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp TX (MAP)
ever adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ever adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
ever adv C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
every adj • chiefly Sth
ewe n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
exactly adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
except(ing) conj B • Sth, S Midl
excusing prep • chiefly Sth
expect v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
extra adj B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
exwice n, v • Sth
eye n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
eyes n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
facecloth n • chiefly NEast, Sth
faintified adj • chiefly Sth
fainty adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fair off v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fall off v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fall out v phr 1 • scattered, but esp Sth
fall out v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
family n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fantastic n • chiefly NEast, Sth
far adv, adj1 B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
far adv, adj1 B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
far adv, adj1 B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
farkleberry n • chiefly Sth
farm-to-market road n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Cent (MAP)
far piece n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, N Cent (MAP)
farrowing house n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fat adj2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fatback n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEast (MAP)
father n B3 • chiefly Sth
fat meat n • chiefly Midl; also Sth (MAP)
fat pine n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
favor n B1 • Sth, S Midl
favor v C1 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
feather bells n • Sth
feather-legged adj • Sth, S Midl
feature v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, ME
feeding time n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
feel of v phr • chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP)
feist n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fence n, v (pronc) • esp eNEng, Sth
fence n, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
fertilize n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fessor n • chiefly S Midl, Sth
few, a adj phr • Sth, S Midl
F.F.V. n • chiefly Sth, esp VA
fiddle, fine as a adj phr • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
fidget n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
field n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
field lark n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
field pea n • Sth, S Midl
field road n • chiefly Sth
figeater n • Sth, esp SC
fight v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
fight a circular saw v phr • Sth, S Midl
fighting adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fighting adv • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl
filling n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
filling n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
find v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
finder n • chiefly Sth
finger n B1c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
finish n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
fire n B2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
fire and tow n • chiefly NEng, S Midl, Sth
firebox n 1a • esp Sth, S Midl
*firefly n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fire hearth n • chiefly Sth
fire-hunt v • chiefly Sth, Midl
first adj, adv (pronc) • NYC, scattered Sth
first dark n • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl
first light n • Sth
first shot n • Sth, S Midl
fish n, v, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fish bait n 1 • chiefly Midl, Sth
fish camp n 3 • Sth (MAP)
fisherman’s luck n • scattered, but more freq Sth, Midl
fish fry n • scattered Missip-Ohio Valleys, Sth, S Midl
fist n1 B1 • chiefly Sth
fist and skull adj phr, adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Fist City n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fitified adj • chiefly Midl; also Sth
fitten adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fix v B1c • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fix v B1e • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, N Cent (MAP)
fizzle n 1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fizzle v • Sth
flag lily n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
flambeau n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
flannen n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
flat-break v • Sth
flat-footed adv • chiefly S Midl, Sth
flatform n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
flat-out adv • chiefly Sth, Midl
flatwoods n pl 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
flesh crawl, make one’s v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fleshen up v phr • Sth, S Midl
*flighty adj 1 • widespread exc Sth (MAP)
flinch v1 (pronc) • Sth
flinders n pl • chiefly NEng, S Midl, Sth
flip n1 1 • Midl, Sth, esp AL
flip n1 2 • chiefly Sth
flip n1 4 • chiefly Sth
flirt v 1 • Sth, S Midl
flitter n1 5 • Sth, S Midl
float n 3 • esp Sth
float road n • Sth
floor n (pronc) • Sth
Florida n (pronc) • esp Sth
Florida flip n • Sth
flour bread n 1 • now chiefly Sth (MAP)
flour bread n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
flour gravy n • now esp Sth, S Midl
flowering straw n 2 • Sth
flugens n • chiefly Sth
flunky n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
fluttermill n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
flyflap n 2 • Sth, S Midl
flying jenny n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
flyswat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fly up v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fly-up-the-creek n • chiefly Sth, Midl
fodder n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fodder-pulling vbl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fodder stack n • Sth, S Midl
folk n B2 • Sth, S Midl
fool adj • formerly widespread, now esp Sth, S Midl
foolish adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
foolishment n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
foot intj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
foot n C5a • Sth, S Midl
foot n C5b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
foot n C5f • esp Sth
foot evil n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
footkisser n • Sth
footlog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
foot tub n • chiefly Sth
foot-washing Baptist n • Sth, S Midl
for prep B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
for prep B4a(2) • Sth
fore prep 2 • chiefly Sth
forehead n (pronc) • esp NEng, NYC, Sth, S Midl
forest n (pronc) • esp NYC, Sth
fork n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
form n • appar chiefly Sth
*forty winks n pl • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
foundation n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
four adj, n (pronc) • Sth
*four-flusher n • scattered exc Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fox across the river n • Sth
fox fire n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fractious adj 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
frail v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frame n 1 • chiefly Sth
frame n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
franzy adj 1 • Sth, S Midl
franzy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frazzle n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frazzle v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frazzled (out) ppl adj 1 • chiefly Sth
frazzled (out) ppl adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frazzling adj • Sth, S Midl
frazzling n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
freak n 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
freehearted adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
*freestone n 2 • widespread, but least freq Sth (MAP)
freeze v A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
freeze v A3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
freeze v A4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fresh n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fresh n 4 • chiefly Sth
fret v • chiefly Sth
fried bread n 3 • chiefly Sth
fried corn-bread n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
fried pie n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
fringe tree n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fritter n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
fritter n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frog n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frog n B3 • esp Sth, S Midl
frog hair n 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frogskin n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frogs, rain v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frogsticker (knife) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frogstool n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frog-strangler n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
from prep • chiefly Sth
fry n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frying size adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
full v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
full of oneself adj phr • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
fun v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
funeral n (pronc) • chiefly Sth
funeralize v • Sth, S Midl
funky adj 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
funky chicken n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
funnel v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fur n2 • Sth, S Midl
fuss n B2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
fuss n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fuss v C3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fuss v C4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
gabblement n • Sth
gal boy n 2 • Sth
gald v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
gall n2 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp VA
gallant v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
gallberry n • chiefly Sth
gallinipper n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl (MAP)
gall shirt n • Sth
gambling stick n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
gander pulling n • chiefly S Midl, Sth
gap n1 2 • now chiefly S Midl, Sth
garb n1, v (pronc) • esp S Midl, Sth
garbroth n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
garden n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
gator bait n • chiefly Sth
gaum n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, but also NEng
gear n 1 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
gear v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
gear house n • esp Sth, S Midl
gee v2 b • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
gee-haw v 2 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
gee whiz n • chiefly Sth
general adj, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth
generally adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth
genuine adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, SW
Georgia n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
Georgia buggy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Georgia skin (game) n • chiefly Sth
get about v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
get away with v phr 2 • S Midl, Sth
get behind v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl (MAP)
get down v phr 1a • esp Sth, S Midl
get fair v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
get gone v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
get oneself a cook v phr • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
get religion v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
get up v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
get up v phr 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
gin conj2 • Sth, S Midl
ginger cake n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
girl n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
girt n • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
give v A1c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
give v A3b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
give v B2 • esp Sth, S Midl
given out adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
give out v phr • chiefly S Midl, Sth
glass snake n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
glue n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
glut n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
glutton n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
gnat’s eyebrow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
go v A4a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
go v A4b • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
go v B • chiefly Sth
go v C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
go v C2 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
go v C6 • chiefly Sth, Midl
go v C7 • chiefly Sth, Midl
go by v phr 1 • Sth
golden slipper n 1 • esp Sth
gonnies n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
good fashion adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
good god n 1 • Sth, S Midl
good old boy n • chiefly Sth
goody n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
goofer n • chiefly Sth
goofer v • Sth
google n • esp Sth, S Midl
goop v1 • esp S Midl, Sth
goose n B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*goose pimples n pl • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth (MAP)
goosey adj 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
goozle n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
go to the bad v phr • esp Sth
gouge v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
gourd n 3 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
gourd martin n • Sth
gourdseed corn n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
gown n • esp NEng, Sth
grab v • esp Sth, S Midl
grabble v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
grabble v 2 • Sth, S Midl
grader ditch n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
grandboy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
granddaddy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
granddaddy n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grandma n A1 • chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
grandma n A3 • chiefly Midl; also Sth, West (MAP)
grandma n A5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grandma n A10 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
grandpa n A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grandpa n A3 • chiefly Midl; also Sth, West (MAP)
granny n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
granny n 7 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
granny v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
granny woman n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grass n 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
grass blade n • esp Sth, S Midl
grassnut n 1 • Sth, S Midl
gravel v1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
grease v A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl
greasy adj A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
great adj, adv, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
great day (in the morning) exclam • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
great northern bean n • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl
*green bean n • widespread, but less freq NEng, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
green fly n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
green hand n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
greenhead n 4a(1) • esp Sth, West
green lizard n 1 • Sth
green snake n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
green trout n • chiefly Sth
grind rock n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
gritchel n • Sth, S Midl
grits n pl 1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
gritsmill n • Sth
groundhog case n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ground itch n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
groundnut n B2 • chiefly Sth
ground puppy n 1b • chiefly Sth
ground squirrel n a • chiefly Midl, Sth
grow v 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grow v 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
growing moon n • esp Sth, S Midl
grow off v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Guinea n2 • esp Sth
guitar n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
gully dirt n • Sth, S Midl
gum v3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
gumbo n 6b • chiefly west of Missip R, Sth
gumption n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
gush n B4 • scattered, but esp Sth, TX (MAP)
guy v • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
gyp n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hack v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hacked ppl adj1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hagberry n • esp Sth, S Midl
hain’t v • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
hair n C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
half n, v, adj, adv (pronc) • widespread Sth
halfance n • Sth
half hand n 2 • Sth
half in two adv phr, adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
half-leg deep adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
half-strainer n • Sth
halvers n pl • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
hammer mill n • esp Sth
hamper n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hand n B1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
hand n B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
handle n B3 • now esp Sth, S Midl
hand running adv phr 1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl
handwrite n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*hangman n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
happen-so n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
happy adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hard down adj phr • Sth, S Midl
hard down adv phr • chiefly Sth
hard-favored adj • Sth, S Midl
hardly adv A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hard peach n • chiefly Sth
hard pine n 1 • Sth
hard-shell adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hardtail n 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
harp n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hash n 1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
haslet n • formerly more widespread, now esp Sth (MAP)
hateful adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
haul ass v phr 1 • chiefly Sth
haunt n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
haunt n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
haunty adj • Sth, S Midl
have v2 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
have off v phr1 • Sth, S Midl
hawkbill n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hay frame n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hayrack n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
head n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
head n B1 • scattered, but esp Midl, Sth
head n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
head n B4 • esp Sth, S Midl
head n C1c • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
headcloth n • esp Sth; also Ger settlement areas
head handkerchief n • chiefly Sth
heading n 1 • Sth, S Midl
headlock n • esp Sth
headmark n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
head rag n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
heap n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
heap n 3a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
heap row n • esp Sth
hear v A1a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hear v A2b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hear v A2c (pronc) • Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
hear v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hearse n B1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
heart n1 B1c • esp Sth
hear tell v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hearth n A2 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
hearth n A4 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
hearth broom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
heartleaf n 3 • Sth
heat n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
heat v A2 • esp Sth, S Midl
heaven n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hellcat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hellfire n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A1a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A1b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A2a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A2b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A2d (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A3a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A3b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v B1 • Sth, S Midl
hem v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hen n1 A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
herb n, v A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
herb n, v A2 (pronc) • now chiefly Sth, S Midl, formerly also NEng
here adv, adj, exclam, pron A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
here adv, adj, exclam, pron A3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
here adv, adj, exclam, pron A5 (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
here adj, pron C • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hern pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
hessian n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
hey exclam 1 • chiefly Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
hickey n2 b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
*hickey n2 c • widespread exc Sth (MAP)
hickory n B2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hickory n B2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hickory shad n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hide-and-seek n A • Sth, S Midl
high adj (pronc) • esp Sth
high adj B4b(2) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
high adj B5b • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
*high beam n 2 • widespread, but less freq Sth, W Midl (MAP)
high blood n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
high-brown adj • chiefly Sth
high cotton n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX
high-minded adj • esp Sth, S Midl
high sheriff n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
high-tempered adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hill n 1a • chiefly Sth
hill n 2 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
hillside n attrib • chiefly Sth, S Midl
him pron B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
him pron B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hinder v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
hind-part-before adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
*hindside-before adv • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
hippen n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hip-slip n • esp Sth
hisn pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
hisself pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hissy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hit v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hit a lick v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
hitchrein n • esp Sth, S Midl
hit the grit v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hoe n1 2 • Sth, S Midl
hoecake n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hoe hand n • Sth, S Midl
hog n B3a • Sth, S Midl
hog n B4 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hog v C1 • orig Midl, now also Sth
hoggish adj 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hog-head souse n • Sth, S Midl, esp Lower Missip Valley
hog-killing n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hog lot n • chiefly Midl, Sth
hog meat n • Sth, S Midl
hogpen n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hogs ate my brother up, since the adv phr • esp Sth, S Midl
hog’s head cheese n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast, esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
hold n A1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
hold v A1b • Sth, S Midl
hold v A2a • Sth, S Midl
hold v A2c • Sth, S Midl
hold v A3a • Sth, S Midl
hold v B1 • esp Sth
hold v C1a • Sth, S Midl
hold v C2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States, AR (MAP)
hole n 1c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
holiness adj • chiefly Sth, Midl, Cent (MAP)
holler v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
holler v B5 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
holler n1 C2 • Sth, S Midl
hollow n1, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
hollow horn n 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
hollow tail n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
holy laugh n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
home demonstration n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
home folks n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
homeplace n • esp Sth, S Midl
hone v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
honey bun n • esp Sth, S Midl
honey shucks n • chiefly Sth, esp VA
honeysuckle n 3 • scattered, but esp S Midl, Sth
*hooch n1 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hoodoo n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, esp LA, MS (MAP)
hook v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
hoo-owl n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hoop cheese n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hoosier n B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hoosier n B1b • Sth, S Midl
hop v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hop and (a) jump n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hope v1 • Sth, S Midl
hoppergrass n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*horse barn n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
horsebean n 4 • Sth
horsemint n 2 • esp Sth
horse piss n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
horse sugar n • esp Sth
host n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hot v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
hotel n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hotten v 1 • Sth, S Midl
hot-water tea n • Sth, S Midl
hound dog n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
house n B1b • Sth, S Midl
house-raising n • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
house shoe n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
howdy v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
how you do exclam • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
huckleberry n 10 • Sth, S Midl
hug-me-tight n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hull n B2a(2) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hull n B2a(3) • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
hull n B2b(1) • Sth, S Midl
*hullabaloo n 1 • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hum and haw v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
humble adj, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hump n 5 • scattered, but esp S Midl, Sth
hundred n, adj A1 (pronc) • chiefly Atlantic, Sth, S Midl
hundred n, adj A4 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hungry adj, n • esp Sth, S Midl
hungry n B • Sth
hunker n1 • chiefly Midl, Sth
hurricane n A1b (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
hurricane n A5 (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
hurricane n B1a • esp Sth, S Midl
hurt v B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl
hurting n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hush v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hush v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
hush v B2 • Sth, S Midl
hush puppy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hyena n B • Sth, S Midl
hymn n A • Sth, S Midl
i prep • chiefly Sth, S Midl
I pron (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
I be phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ice-cream supper n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
icing n 2 • Sth, S Midl
idea n 2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
idea n 3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
if conj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
iffen conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-ified suff • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-ify suff • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ignorant adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ill adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
illegal adj • esp Sth, S Midl
in prep, adv A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
in prep B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
in about adv phr • Sth, S Midl
inch n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Indian hen n 2 • chiefly Sth
Indian hen n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Indian peach n 1 • Sth, S Midl
Indian potato n l • Sth
infant baby n • Sth
infare n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-ing suff B1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
in generally adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
initiation n • esp Sth
ink n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
instead adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp freq among Black speakers, stedder, stidder
instead adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast
insurance n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
Irish n1, adj (pronc) • esp Sth
Irish potato n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
iron dog n 1 • Sth, S Midl
island n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
it pron A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
it pron C1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
it ain’t done it phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
itch n B1 • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
itch n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*ivory n1 1a • scattered, but less freq Sth, nNEng (MAP)
ivory n2 • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
jack n1 14 • chiefly Sth, Midl
jack n1 15 • chiefly Sth
jack n1 16 • esp Sth, S Midl
jackfish n 1a • chiefly Sth (MAP)
jack frost n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jackleg adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jack-o’-lantern n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
jack snapper n 1 • esp Sth
jaggedy adj 1 • Sth, S Midl
jailhouse n • scattered, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jam up adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
jam up adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
jaundice n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl, |ˈændə(r)z|
jaundice n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl, ME, |ˈɔndə(r)z, ˈɑ-|
jaunt n, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
jaw back v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
jaybird n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jaybird n 1b • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Jay Gould n • esp Sth, S Midl
jelly n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
jenny n 6 • Sth, S Midl
jerk n1 B1 • chiefly S Midl, Sth
*jerkwater adj 1 • scattered exc NEng; infreq Sth, Inland Sth (MAP)
Jerusalem oak n 1 • widespread, but esp freq Sth
jewlark v • esp Sth, S Midl
jewlarker n • Sth, S Midl
Jew’s harp n • esp Sth, S Midl
Jew’s harp n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Missip Valley, West
jimberjawed adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
jimmies n pl1 1 • esp Sth, S Midl, West
jimmy-john n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
jimson weed n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
jimswinger n 1 • Sth
job n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
job v2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Job’s turkey n 1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl (MAP)
*john n 2a • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth (MAP)
John Brown v phr • chiefly Sth
johnny house n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid and S Atl (MAP)
Johnson grass n 1 • chiefly Sth, West, W Midl
join v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
joint n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
joint snake n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
joist n 1 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
joke v • esp Sth, S Midl
jokey adj • esp Sth, S Midl
jomo n • Sth, S Midl
Jordan n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
joree n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Joseph’s coat n • chiefly Sth
josie n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
journey-proud adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
jower n • Sth, S Midl
jower v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
jowl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
juba n • chiefly Sth
judge n, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
juice v • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
jump v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
jumper n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
jump the broom v phr • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
jump the rope v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
jump-the-rope n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jump-up song n • chiefly Sth
june v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
June bug n 4 • chiefly Sth
juniper n 2b • Sth, esp Mid Atl
just adv 1b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
just adv 2 (pronc) • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
just adv 3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth
just adv 4 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
just as well adv phr • esp Sth, S Midl
keen adj 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
keen adj 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
keep v B3 • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
keg n, v A1 (pronc) • chiefly NEast, S Midl, Sth
Kentucky n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
kernel n 4 • esp Sth, S Midl
*kettle n B1 • widespread, but less freq Sth (MAP and Map Section)
kill v A (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
kill v B • Sth, S Midl
kill v C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
kill v C2 • esp Sth, S Midl
killdeer n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW, Pacific (MAP)
killifish n 2 • Sth
killy hawk n • chiefly Sth
kin n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
kindly adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
kinfolk n pl • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
king bee n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
kingnut n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
king snake n 1 • chiefly Sth, SW
kinnery n • Sth, S Midl
kinpeople n • Sth, S Midl
kit n 2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
kitchen furniture n • esp Sth
kittledee n • Sth
kitty wants a corner n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
knee baby n • Sth, S Midl, esp NC
knee-high to a grasshopper adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
knickknack n1 • esp Sth, Missip Valley (MAP)
knock v 2 • esp Sth (MAP)
knock down v phr 1 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
knocker n 7a • Sth, S Midl
*knoll n B • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth
knot n1 3 • chiefly Sth, Midl, Cent (MAP)
know v B3a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
know v B4a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
kudzu n • chiefly Sth
lack v1 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
lady n • Sth, S Midl
lady pea n • chiefly Sth, sS Midl (MAP)
Lane cake n • Sth, esp MS, GA
lap child n • Sth, S Midl
lashings n pl • esp Sth, S Midl
last button on Gabe’s coat n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
last drop n • esp Sth
last of pea-time(s) n • esp Sth, S Midl, NEng
laugh v C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
law n1 B1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
law n2, intj • now chiefly Sth, S Midl, formerly also NEast
law v • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
lawsy n, intj • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
lay v 1 • chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
lay v 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lay by v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lay for v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
lay off v phr 2 • Sth, S Midl
lay off v phr 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
layout n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
lay out v phr 1 • chiefly Midl, Sth
layover(s) to catch meddlers n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
leader n 1 • Sth, S Midl
lean v A (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
learn v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
leastways adv • esp Sth, S Midl
leather-winged bat n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
leave n1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
leave v A1 • chiefly Sth
leave v A3 • esp Sth
leave off v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
leave out v phr 1 • Sth, S Midl
leg n (pronc) • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
less conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lessen conj1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
let v B1 • chiefly Sth
let in v phr 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
level full adj phr • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
lick n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
lick n 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lick v B4 • Sth, S Midl
lickskillet n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lid n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
lie n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
lie v1 1 • esp Sth (MAP)
lie down v phr 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lie out v phr 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lie out v phr 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians, GA, SC (MAP)
lie out v phr 3 • esp S Midl, Sth
life everlasting n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lift, on the adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
light v2 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
light a shuck v phr • Sth, S Midl
light bread n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
light moon n • Sth, S Midl
light roll n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lights n pl 2a • esp Sth, S Midl
lights n pl 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
lightwood n1 • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl (MAP)
-like suff • chiefly Midl, Sth
like v1, adj, vbl aux, n, adv, prep, conj • Pronc-spp chiefly Sth, S Midl la(c)k, lock, loike, luk
like v1 C1 • NEng, Sth, S Midl
like vbl aux E2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
like that adj phr • esp Sth
like unto prep phr • esp Sth
*lima bean n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
limber adj • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
limber jack n 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
limberneck n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
*limey n1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
line horse n • esp Sth, S Midl
line out v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
linthead n • Sth, S Midl
lip v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
liquor head n • chiefly Sth
list n 1 • chiefly Sth
list v 1 • chiefly Sth
listen v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lister n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
little old adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
little Sally Walker n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
liver hash n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
loaf bread n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
loblolly n 2 • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
local preacher n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, C Atl (MAP)
locked bowels n pl 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
locker n 1 • esp Sth
loft n 2 • scattered, but chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP)
logroller n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
logrolling vbl n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*lollygag v B1 • widespread, but less freq Sth
long handles n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
longheaded adj 2 • Sth, S Midl
*long john n 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
long sweetening n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
long tom n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
look v B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
look over v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Lord n1 B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Lordy intj • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lose time v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
lot n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
lot n 3 • chiefly Sth
loud adj B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Louisiana n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
*lousy adj 2a • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*lousy adj 2c • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*lousy adj 2d • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth (MAP)
love v D1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
love bump n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
love vine n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
low adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
low v, n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
low blood n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
low cotton n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
low-down adj 1 • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl; now more widespread
low-down adj 2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
low-quarter(ed) shoe n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
low-rate v • chiefly Sth (MAP)
low sick adj phr • Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States (MAP)
low wine n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lumber room n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
lusty adj 1 • chiefly Sth
lye hominy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ma n B1 • esp Sth, S Midl
ma’am n1 B1 • Sth and S Midl
mad adj 1a • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mad adj 1b • chiefly Sth (MAP)
madam n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
made over ppl adj phr • esp Sth, S Midl
madstone n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
main strength and awkwardness n • esp Sth, S Midl
major n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
make v1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
make v1 C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
make v1 C12b • esp Sth, S Midl
make v1 D3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
make v1 D15 • esp Sth
make v1 D19 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
make v1 D20 • esp Sth
make v1 D21 • formerly widespread, now esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
make down v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
make like v phr • widespread, but esp freq Sth (MAP)
make out v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
make up v phr 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
male adj • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
mamma n1 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mam-maw n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mammock v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mammy n1 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mammy n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
man n A • chiefly Sth, chiefly among Black speakers pronc-spp mon, mun
man n B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
man n C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
manner n 1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth
mannerable adj • Sth, S Midl
mannish adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mantelpiece n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Atlantic (MAP)
marble eye n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, Missip Valley (MAP)
*marble orchard n • scattered, but rare Sth, S Midl
marching around the levee n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mare n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mark v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mark v1 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
marrow n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
marry v (pronc) • chiefly Atlantic, Sth
marry up v phr • esp S Midl, Sth
marsh hen n 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
Mary n (pronc) • esp Sth, NEng
mash v1 1 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl; also West (MAP)
mash v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Massachusetts n (pronc) • chiefly Sth
massacre n, v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mast n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
master n (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth
master n • chiefly Sth, among Black speakers, obs, mars(e), mass(a)
master n B1 • Formerly used by Blacks in the South
matter n1, v (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth
matter n1 B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Maud n • esp Sth, S Midl
maul rails v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
may v Aa • chiefly Sth, S Midl
may v B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*mayapple n 1 • widespread exc West; less freq NEast, Sth (MAP)
me pron 3a • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
me pron 3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
meadow n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
*meadowlark n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mean adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mean adj 4 • Sth
*meander v • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
meat n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
meat hog n • chiefly Sth
meddle v 1 • chiefly Sth
*median (strip) n 1e • scattered, but rare Sth, West (MAP)
mee-maw n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
melon n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
melt n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mend v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mend v 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
menfolk(s) n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-ment suff A • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-ment suff B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mesh n1, v (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
mess n 1a • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl
mess v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
mess up v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
Methodist n • Sth, S Midl Mef(o)dis, Metdis, Meth(o)dis
middle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
middlebuster n 1 • chiefly Sth, TX (MAP)
middleman n 1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
middler n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
middling n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
middling n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
midlady n • chiefly Sth
midmother n • esp Sth, S Midl
mighty adj • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, NEast
mighty adv • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
mile n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng mild
mile n B • chiefly Sth, Midl
milk box n • esp Sth, S Midl
*milk house n • widespread, but less freq Sth, Atlantic (MAP)
milk lot n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
milk room n • scattered, but chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*milkweed n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth
millrock n • Sth, S Midl
mince v • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl (MAP)
mind n B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mind v C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mind v C2 • esp Sth, Midl
mind v C6 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mind out v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mingledy adj • esp Sth, S Midl
*minnow n A1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
minnow n A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mirate v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
miration n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
misdoubt v • esp Sth, S Midl
misery n • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl
mislick n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
misput adj 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
miss-meal colic n • chiefly Sth
missy n 2 • chiefly Sth
mist n 4 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mist rain v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mistress n B1 • Formerly used by Black speakers in the South
mixed-breed n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
mixtry n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mizzle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mizzle v1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mizzle v3 • esp Sth
moan v • chiefly Sth
moaners’ bench n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mock v B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mock orange n 1a • Sth
mock orange n 1d • chiefly Sth
mojo n • chiefly Sth
molasses n (pronc) • esp NEng, Sth
molly cottontail n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*mom n1 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth (MAP)
monkey food n • chiefly Sth
monstrous adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
month n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
moon-fixer n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mosquito hawk n 2a • chiefly Sth, but scattered Missip Valley (MAP and Map Section)
moss n 2a • Sth
moss verbena n • Sth
mostly adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
most time(s) adv phr • esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
mother wit n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
moughty adj, adv • Sth, S Midl
mould n • Sth
mountain n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mountain dew n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mountain pheasant n • esp Sth, S Midl
mountain trout n 2 • Sth
mourner n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mourners’ bench n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*mouse n B3 • scattered, but rare Sth (MAP)
mouth n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth
Mr. It n • esp Sth
Mrs. n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
Mrs. n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
much adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
much v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mud v 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
muda grass n • esp Sth
mud eel n 1 • chiefly Sth
mud puppy n c • chiefly Sth
muffin n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mulatto adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mule n1 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mule n1 6 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
muley-head n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
mull adj, n1 • Sth
mulligrubs n pl 1 • scattered, but esp Sth (MAP)
multiplying onion n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*mumblety-peg n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
muscadine (grape) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mush n1 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
mushroom n (pronc) • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*musical chairs n pl • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*muskmelon n (pronc) • widespread, but less freq Sth, West..|ˈmʌsk̩mɛlən| (MAP)
muskmelon n (pronc) • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, N Atl..|ˈmʌš̩mɛlən| (MAP)
muskrat n • Pronc-sp chiefly Sth, S Midl..musrat
musky adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl; scattered NEast (MAP)
must vbl aux 2 • chiefly Sth
muzzle n • esp Sth
myrtle n1 • Pronc-spp chiefly Sth, S Midl
nairn pron • Sth, S Midl
naked adj (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
nape n (pronc) • esp NEast, Sth, S Midl
napper’s house, go to v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
nappy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
narrow adj, v, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, less freq NEast
nary adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
nasty adj • scattered, but esp Sth (MAP)
nation n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
natural adj, adv, n (pronc) • esp Sth
naturally adv (pronc) • esp Sth
naturally adv B • Sth, S Midl
natured adj • Sth, S Midl
nauseated ppl adj (pronc) • esp Sth
navel n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
near adj, adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
nearabout(s) adv 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
neck n (pronc) • esp Sth
ne’er adj1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
neighborhood road n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
nest n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
nest onion n • chiefly Sth, esp GA
new adj (pronc) • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl
newnited adj • esp Sth
newspaper n • esp Sth, S Midl
New Year’s gift exclam • Sth, S Midl
nick-tailed adj • esp Sth, S Midl
niece n • Sth, S Midl
nigger town n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
nighabout adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*night crawler n • widespread exc Sth (MAP)
night glass n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
night-hunting vbl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
night work n • chiefly Sth
nigra n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
nigro n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ninny n2 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
nit fly n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
no-count adj • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
norate v • chiefly S Midl, Sth
noration n • chiefly S Midl, Sth
north end of a chicken flying south n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
northern bean n • scattered, but esp Sth, Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
notice v 1 • Sth, S Midl
notionate adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
noway adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
nurse v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
obedient plant n • Sth
oblige v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
odd-come-short n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
of prep Ba • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
of prep Be • chiefly Sth, S Midl
of prep Bh • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast
of prep C3 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
of prep C5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
off prep C1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl (MAP)
oil n1, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
okra n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
old field n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
old-field pine n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
old-field school n • Sth, S Midl
old head n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
old maid n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Old Master n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Old Ned n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Old Scratch n • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng (MAP)
old-timey adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
on prep, adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
on prep, adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, Midl, eNEng
on prep B1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
on prep B3a • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl (MAP and Map Section)
on prep B6 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
once adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
once and occasionally adv phr • Sth, S Midl
one pron B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
one-gallus(ed) adj • Sth, S Midl
one-sided adj, adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
onion n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
onliest adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
only prep B • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
oo-wee exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
open adj, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
open barn n • esp Sth, S Midl
osnaburg n • chiefly Sth
ought v • Pronc-sp chiefly Sth, S Midl ort
ought v C2a • widespread, but more freq S Midl, Sth
ought v C3a • chiefly Sth, TX
ourn pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
out adj D2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
out n F1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*out n F2b • scattered, but less freq NEng, Sth (MAP)
out prep E • chiefly Sth, Midl; also NEast (MAP)
outdone adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
outen prep 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
outside child n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
oven n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
over adj C • Sth, S Midl, West
over v D1 • chiefly Sth
over n E1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
over exclam F • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
owing to prep phr • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
owlhead n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
own self pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ox n A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ox n A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ox n B1 • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
pa n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pale v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
paling n1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
paling fence n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pallet n • chiefly Sth, W Midl, SW (MAP)
palm n B • chiefly Sth
palm n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng |pæm|
palma Christi n • chiefly Sth
*pancake turner n • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl, PA (MAP)
panel fence n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
panther n A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
panther n C1 • widespread, but chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
papa n2 2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
pa-paw n2 (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
parasol n B1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
parch v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
parlor n B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
particular adj B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
particular adv D • esp Sth, S Midl
partment n • esp Sth, S Midl
partner n A • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
partridge n A1 (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
partridge n A3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
partridge n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pass v 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pass v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp LA
passage n • Sth, S Midl, esp SC
pass and repass v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
passel n 2 • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl, now widespread
passion flower n • esp Sth
pass words v phr 1 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pastor v • esp Sth, S Midl
pasture n1, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈpæstə(r)|
pat v 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pat v 2 • chiefly Sth
pat-a-cake n • esp Sth, S Midl
paunch n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
paunch n B • Sth, S Midl
pea n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pea n2 • esp Sth, S Midl
peace n • widespread in literary use, but chiefly Sth, S Midl in oral use (MAP)
peacebreaker n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
peach-orchard boar n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
peach pickle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
peach-tree tea n • Sth, Midl
pear pickle n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
peart adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
peart adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pearten v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pea-turkey n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peavine n 1b(2) • Sth
peck n3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peck v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peck v1 2 • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
peckerwood n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
peckerwood n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peckerwood n 3a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peedoodle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peeper n2 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
peep-eye n, v, exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peg n B8 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peg n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |pe(ɪ)g|
pen n1 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |pɪn|
pen n1 B2 • Sth, S Midl
pen n1 B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pen n1 B4 • esp Sth
penny pencil n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pennywinkle n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
people n B2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*perambulator n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
persimmon beer n • chiefly Sth, esp SC (MAP)
peruse v • Sth, esp SC, GA
pet n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pet v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
phlegm n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |flim|
piano n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl, NEast |paɪˈænə, piˈænɪ, piˈjænɚ|
*piccalilli n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pick v 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pickaninny n • chiefly Sth
piece n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
piece n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
piece n 7 • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl, TX (MAP)
pieded adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pie melon n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
*pieplant n • widespread exc Sth (MAP)
piggin n 1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
pig tracks n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pill n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
pimp n1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth
pin n1, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |pɛn|
pine burr n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pine top n 1 • chiefly Sth
pine top n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth
piney woods n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*pinochle n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pipewood n • Sth
piroot v • chiefly Sth, SW
pitch v 1 • Sth, S Midl
pitch v 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pitty-pat n • Sth, S Midl
plague n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEast (MAP)
plague-gone adj phr, adv phr • Sth, S Midl
plague-taked ppl adj phr, adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
plain bread n • Sth, S Midl
plain out adv phr • Sth, Midl
plait n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
plait v • chiefly Sth, Midl, SW (MAP)
plank fence n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
plant one’s corn before one builds the fence v phr • Sth, S Midl
play like v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
play off v phr 1 • esp Midl, Sth (MAP)
play-pretty n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
play-toy n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pleasure n, v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pleasure n, v B2 • Sth, S Midl
plow v B2 • Sth, S Midl
plowline n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
plumb adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
plumb adv 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
Plumb Nearly n • Sth, S Midl
plum peach n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
plunder n 1 • orig chiefly Sth, S Midl; now more widespread
plunder n 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
plunder n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SC
pneumonia n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, Sth |nuˈmoni|
poach v A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
poach v A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth (MAP)
pocket n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*pod n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
point n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, formerly also NEng |paɪnt|
poison n, v, adj, adv (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |ˈpɔz(ə)n|
poison n, v, adj, adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEast..|ˈpaɪz(ə)n|
poke bonnet n • formerly widespread, now more freq Sth, SW (MAP)
*poker n1 2 • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
poke salad n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
polecat n 1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
polecat n 2a • esp Sth, S Midl
police n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
police n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈpoˌlis, ˈpoˈlis|
polite adj, adv • Pronc-spp esp Sth, S Midl perlite, p’lite
pond water n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pondy adj • esp Sth, S Midl
pone n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pone n 1b • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
pone n 3b • esp Sth
pone bread n 1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pooch n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pooch v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
poontang n 1 • orig Sth, now more widespread
poor adj A2 (pronc) • chiefly neNEng, Sth, S Midl
poor adj Ba • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
poor adj Bb • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
poor do n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
poor Joe n1 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
poorly adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈpo(r)li|
poor mouth n • chiefly Midl, Sth
poor White n 2a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, SW (MAP)
poot n • Sth, S Midl
poot v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*pop n1 • widespread, but less freq N Atl, ePA, Sth, eMO, sIL (MAP)
pop v1 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
pop v1 1b • Sth, S Midl
pop v1 3 • Sth, S Midl
pop call n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
poppy n2 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
pop-the-whip n • chiefly Sth, Lower Missip Valley, West (MAP)
possum n 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
possum v 1 • Sth, S Midl
post n 2a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
post oak n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
pot n 1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pot n 11 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
potato n A3 (pronc) • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
potato n B2 • chiefly Sth
potato n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pot hound n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW
pot liquor n • scattered, but chiefly Sth
*potluck meal n • widespread, but less freq Sth, C Atl, NY (MAP and Map Section)
potrack n, v • Sth, S Midl
poultry wire n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pounding n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
pound party n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pour v, n B1a • chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
pour v, n B1b • esp Sth, S Midl
power n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
powerful adj B1 • chiefly Sth, Midl
powerful adv C1 • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
prank v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
prayer n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |ˈprɑə|
pray through v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
preacher-man n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
preacher, pay the v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
preacher’s nose n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
preaching n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
preserve n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
press n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pressing club n • esp Sth
press meat n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
press peach n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
pretty adj, adv, n A1c (pronc) • esp NEast, Sth
pretty n C1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
pretty n C1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
prickly ash n 2 • chiefly Sth
Primitive Baptist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
printcloth sack n • Sth, S Midl
priss v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
prize n 1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
prize v2 1 • chiefly S Midl; also Sth
prog v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Chesapeake Bay
project v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
prone into v phr • chiefly Sth
prong n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
prong n 3 • Sth, S Midl
protracted meeting n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
proud adj 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
proud adj 2 • Sth, S Midl
puddle duck n 1 • Sth, S Midl
puddle duck n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
pull v 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pulled candy n • chiefly Atlantic, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pullikins n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pully bone n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK, IL, IN (MAP)
pulpit n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |p^Ulˈpɪt, ˈp^Ulˈpɪt, ˈpʌl-|
punching stick n • Sth, S Midl
puny adj 1 • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pure adj, adv (pronc) • Sth |pjo|
pure adj B • Sth, S Midl
pure adv C • Sth, S Midl
puredee adj, adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
purely adv • Sth, S Midl
pushency n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
push little ducks in the water, mean enough to adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
pussle-gut n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
put away v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
put in v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
put-on n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
put one’s mouth on v phr • Sth
put out v phr 2 • esp Sth (MAP)
put up v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
quality n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
qualmish adj • esp NEng, Sth
quarrel v B • Sth, S Midl
quarter n 1 • chiefly Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
quarter n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
quarter v 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
queer adj (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, Sth |kwer, kwɛr, kwær, kwɑr|
quieten v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
quill n 1 • Sth, S Midl
quill n 2 • chiefly Sth
quinine n (pronc) • esp eNEng, Sth |ˈkwɪnaɪn, kwɪnˈaɪn|
*quits exclam • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl, SW, Cent (MAP)
rabbit hawk n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rack n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid Atl
rack n2 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
racket n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ragged robin n 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
rail-splitter n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
rain crow n 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
rainfrog n 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
raise v B3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
raise v B5 • esp Sth
*raise v C1b • widespread exc Sth, TX (MAP)
raised gravy n • Sth, S Midl
raised in a barn adj phr • widespread, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
raise sand v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
raisin n (pronc) • also Sth, S Midl old-fash |ˈrizn|
ramsack v • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl
ramshacklety adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ramshackly adj • formerly more widespread, now esp Sth, S Midl
rantankerous adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rap jacket n • Sth, S Midl
rare v 4 • Sth, S Midl
rare v 5a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rat cat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rather n • chiefly Sth, W Midl (MAP)
rat-killing n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
rattler n 6 • esp Sth, S Midl
rattlesnake melon n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rattlesnake pilot n • chiefly Sth
rawbony adj • chiefly Sth (MAP)
rawhead and bloodybones n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
razorback hog n • chiefly Sth, Sth Midl
reach v1 A1 • also chiefly Sth, S Midl re(t)ch
reach v1 A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
reach v1 A3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
reach v1 B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ready-roll n • esp Sth, S Midl
real adj, adv (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl |re(ə)l|
reap hook n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
reckon v B1a • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
reckon v B1b • Sth, S Midl
reckon v B1c(2) • Sth, S Midl
reckon v B1c(3) • Sth, S Midl
recomember v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
red-bellied perch n • chiefly Sth
redbelly n 1 • chiefly Sth
redbird n b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
red bone n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
redbug n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
redd v 4 • esp Sth, S Midl
redeye n 5 • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl; now more widespread
red-eye gravy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
red gravy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
red gum n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
red-headed scorpion n • chiefly Sth
redhorse n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
red light n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, PA (MAP)
red liquor n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
red-neck n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States (MAP)
red perch n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
red wasp n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
redworm n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
reed brake n • Sth
reed cane n • Sth, S Midl
refugee v • Sth, S Midl
*relation n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*relation n 2 • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rescue grass n 1 • chiefly Sth
rest v1 A1 • esp Sth, S Midl
rest v1 A2 • esp Sth, S Midl
rest v1 B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
return thanks v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
reverend adj B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Revolution n • Sth, S Midl
ricebird n 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
rich pine n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ride v1 A2a • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
ride v1 B13b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ridiculous adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ridy-horse n 2 • chiefly Sth, sAppalachians
ridy-horse n 3 • esp Sth, sAppalachians
right adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
right adv, n, adj (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |rat, ræt, rɑt|
right-down adv phr, adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
right now adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
right on adv phr • chiefly Sth
right smart adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
right smart adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
right smart n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ring v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |riŋ, rɛŋ, reŋ, ræŋ|
ring v B1b • esp Sth, S Midl
ring v B2b • esp Sth, S Midl
ring-around-a-rosy n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rinktum n 4 • Sth, S Midl
rinse v, n 1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rinse v, n 2 (pronc) • esp Midl, Sth (MAP)
rise n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rise v A2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rise v B1 • Sth, S Midl
rising n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
roach n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
roach v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
roasting ear n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rock n1 4b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rock v2 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rock geranium n • Sth
rock school n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rock wall n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
rogue n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rogue v • Sth, S Midl
roguish adj • Sth, S Midl
roll v • Sth, S Midl
rolly-holey n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Roman cannon n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Rook n2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
root n1 B1 • Sth
*root cellar n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
root doctor n 2 • Sth
rooter n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
root-soaker n • Sth, S Midl
root work n • Sth
rosemary pine n • chiefly Sth, esp NC
rosin n A1a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rosin n A1b (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
rosin n A2a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rosin n A3 (pronc) • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
rosin n A4 (pronc) • scattered Sth, S Midl, SW
rosin n B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rotten adj 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rotten v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
rough adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
roughness n 1 • Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
round squash n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
roundance n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
roust v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
row n 3 • Sth, S Midl
rub v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rubboard n 1 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
*rube n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ruckus n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ˈr^Ukəs, ˈrukəs|
rue v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ruin v A2b(pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
ruin v A2c(pronc) • Sth, S Midl
ruin v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ruin v B3 • Sth, S Midl
ruinate v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
run n 6 • esp Sth, S Midl
run v A1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
run v A2b • esp Sth, S Midl
run v B3 • Sth, S Midl
run v B9a • chiefly Sth
run v B9c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
runaround n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
runner n 4 • formerly more widespread, but now chiefly Sth (Map Section)
run one’s mouth v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
run up v phr 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
rural n • chiefly Sth
Russian boar n • chiefly Sth
rusty adj2 • esp Sth
rusty n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sacred harp n • chiefly Sth
sad adj • chiefly Midl, Sth
saddle n 4 • scattered, but esp Sth (MAP)
saddlebag house n • Sth, S Midl
safe n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
saft adj • chiefly Sth, Midl
sagaciate v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sager n • Sth, S Midl
salad n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ˈsælət, -lɛt, -lɪt|
salad n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
salad onion n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
salamander n 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States
sale day n • esp Sth, S Midl
salt bacon n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
salts water n • esp Sth, S Midl
same like conj phr, prep phr, adj phr • chiefly Sth
Sampson’s snakeroot n 1 • chiefly Sth
Sampson’s snakeroot n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Sanctified (Church) n • Sth, S Midl
sand n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sand fiddler n • Sth, esp NC
sand fly n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, TX, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
sandhiller n 1 • Sth, esp GA, SC
sandy mockingbird n • chiefly Sth
sap gum n • Sth
sass tea n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
satisfy v • Sth, S Midl
sauce n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |sɔ^Us, sɑ^Us|
sauce n B1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
saucer squash n • esp Sth, S Midl
savagerous adj, adv • esp Sth, S Midl
save v B1 • Sth, S Midl
saw exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
saw rack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
say grace over v phr • Sth, S Midl
scalded (corn) bread n • esp Sth, S Midl
scale n • esp NEast, Sth (MAP)
scandal n B • esp Sth, S Midl
scandalize v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scare n, v A (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |skɪə(r)|
scarf n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
scarlet sage n • chiefly Sth
scary adj B • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEast (MAP)
scat intj • Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP and Map Section)
scattering adj • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl
school butter exclam • Sth, S Midl
scoot v 1 • esp Sth
scope n • Sth, S Midl
scorpion n (pronc) • scattered Sth, S Midl, SW |ˈskɔrpən, -pɪn, -pin|
scorpion n B2 • chiefly Sth, Midl
scotch n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scotch v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scotch v1 4 • Sth, S Midl
scouring broom n • Sth, S Midl
scours n pl • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
scrape n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scrape v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scraping n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
Scratch n2 • esp Sth
scratchback n • Sth
screak v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scrimption n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scrinch owl n • Sth, S Midl
scringe v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scrooch v 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scrooch v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scrooch owl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
scrubboard n 1 • esp Sth
scrub pad n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
scutter n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scuttle n • NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*sea cook n • widespread exc Sth, S Midl (MAP)
seamster n • esp Sth, S Midl
sea perch n b • esp Sth
search n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl old-fash |sɑ(r)č|
season n1 • Sth, S Midl
seasoning meat n • Sth, S Midl
sedge n • Pronc-sp chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng sage
sedge grass n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
see v B2b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
see v B2d • Sth, S Midl
see v B3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
seed n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
seed tick n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
seegar n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
seek v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
seep n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
seesaw n 1 • chiefly Atlantic, Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP and Map Section)
self pron (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |sɛ(ə)f|
self pron B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sell out v phr 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
send v 2 • Sth, S Midl esp freq among Black speakers, sahnt, saunt, sont
sensitive brier n • Sth, S Midl
sent for and couldn’t come adj phr • esp Sth, S Midl
sermon n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈsɜ(r)mənt|
servigrous adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
set v1 A3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
set v1 B4 • esp Sth, S Midl
set horses v phr • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl (MAP)
setting n1 • esp Sth
setting chair n • esp Sth, S Midl
settlement n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
settlement road n • Sth, S Midl
set up v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
set up v phr 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
shabby adj • Sth
shacklety adj • Sth, S Midl
shackly adj • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
shad n 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Missip-Ohio Valleys
shade-tree n attrib • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shaft n 2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ševz|
shake v 1a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shake v 1b • esp Sth, S Midl
shake v 2b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shaking ague n • esp Sth, S Midl
shallot n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP and Map Section)
shank of the evening n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEast
shape note n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
share n, v (pronc) • also chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEast |šir|; infreq |šʌr|
sharecrop v • chiefly Sth
sharecropper n • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
sheepshead n 1 • chiefly Sth
sheriff n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |šɝɪf|
shifty adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shimmy n1 • widespread, but slightly more freq Sth, S Midl
shine n 1 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
shine n 4 • scattered, but esp Atlantic, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*shinny n1 1 • scattered exc Sth (MAP)
*shinny v • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
shirttail adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shock n1 1 • chiefly Midl, Sth, West (MAP)
shooter n 3 • esp Sth
shortening bread n • Sth, S Midl
short sweetening n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
short thigh n • chiefly Sth
shotgun n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shout n 1 • Sth, esp sSC, GA coasts
shout v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
show out v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
shrimp n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |šrɛmp, srɪmp, swɪmp, swɛmp|
shrink v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |srɪŋk, swɪŋk|
shrivel v1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl..|ˈswɪvəl(d)|; also |ˈsrɪvəl(d)| (MAP)
shuck n1 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shuck n1 1b(1) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shuck n1 1b(2) • Sth, S Midl
shuck n1 1b(3) • Sth, S Midl
shuck v1 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
shuck v1 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shuckins intj • esp Sth, S Midl
shut adj a • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast; now more widespread
shut adj b • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
shut adj c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shut v A • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng shed, shet
shut v A • esp Sth, S Midl shit, shot
shut-mouth n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
side and side adv phr • chiefly NEast; also Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*side by each adv phr • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
side meat n • widespread, but more freq Midl, Sth (MAP)
side pleurisy n • Sth, S Midl
side room n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sides adv, prep • chiefly Sth; formerly also NEast
sidewalk plot n • esp Sth, S Midl
sideways n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
sight n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
sight n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
silver bell n 2 • esp Sth
singing convention n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
singing n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sinner n • esp Sth, S Midl
sirree bob n • scattered, but esp Sth, wTX, N Midl, NYC (MAP)
sit v1 2b • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sit v1 3b • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
skate v 2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
skeet v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
skeet v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
skeet v 3 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
skeet v 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
skewbald adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*skift n2 1 • widespread exc NEast, Sth, SW (MAP)
skin n 1 • chiefly Sth
skin v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
skin v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
skipper n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
skull buster n • esp Sth, S Midl
skunk-drunk adj • esp Sth, S Midl
sky west and crooked adv phr, adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
sky-winding adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
slab bacon n • scattered, but more freq Sth (MAP)
slam adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SE
slap adv 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
slapdab adv 1 • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
slapdab adv 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
slash n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
slay v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
slice n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth |slaɪš|
slick elm n • chiefly Sth, S Midl Gulf (MAP)
slicky adj • esp Sth, S Midl
slide n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
sling blade n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
slip v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
slip v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl (MAP)
slip gap n • Sth, S Midl
slippance exclam • Sth, S Midl
slippy adj • chiefly PA; also Sth (MAP)
slip-shuck v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
slip the bridle v phr • esp Sth
sloe n 1 • chiefly Sth
slouch n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
slowful adj • esp Sth, S Midl
slue-footed adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
smack adv 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
smack-dab adv 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
smack smooth adv 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
smart adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
smart n • esp Sth
smather v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
smell melon n • Sth
smilax n • chiefly Sth
smooth crop n • chiefly Sth
smoothing iron n • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
smother v 2 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
smother fry v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
snack n 1 • chiefly Sth, NEng
snack n 2 • formerly esp Sth, S Midl, now widespread
snake n 1a(1) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
snake n 1a(2) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
snake n 1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians (MAP)
snake-bit adj 2 • chiefly Sth
snake doctor n 2 • chiefly Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
snap n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
snap bean n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sniptious adj • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
snollygoster n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
snooter n • scattered, but esp Sth
*snowing down South, it's phr • widespread, but less freq Sth, Cent
snuff stick n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW, TX (MAP)
soap gourd n • Sth, S Midl
sob v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
'sociate v • Sth
soda n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast |sodɪ, -i|
sod-soaker n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sog v 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
solid adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-some suff • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
somebody n • esp Sth, S Midl
somerset n • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
something n, adj, adv A3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈsʌmp%Un, ˈsʌmp%Um|
something n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
something dead up the creek n • Sth, S Midl
something or other phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sometime adv • chiefly Sth
sooey exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
sook exclam • chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
soon adv 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
soon adj 1 • Sth, S Midl
soon adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sooner n2 2 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
soot n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, less freq NEast |sʌt|; occas |sut|
sorrow n, v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sorry adj B2 • esp Sth, S Midl
sot n • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
soul-case n 1 • chiefly Sth
soup bunch n • chiefly Sth, esp LA, MS
souse v1, n1 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl..|sa^Uz|
souse v1 B2 • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
souse v1 B4 • esp Sth, S Midl
souse n1 C1b • chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
souse meat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sow bosom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW
spang adv 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Spanish needle n 1 • chiefly Midl, Sth (MAP)
spank-brand new adj phr • esp Sth
sparrow n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |ˈspɑr(ə)|
speaking n • Sth, S Midl
speckled perch n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
speckled trout n 2 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
speed breaker n • Sth, S Midl
spend-the-night (party) n • chiefly Sth
spew 2 • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl, West; now more widespread (MAP)
spew 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
spewer n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
spinning jenny n • Sth, S Midl
spinning wheel n • Sth, S Midl
spirit n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈspɛrɪt|
spit image n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
splinter n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
split v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
split n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
split n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
split basket n • esp Sth, S Midl
split the blanket(s) v phr • Sth, S Midl, West
splo n • Sth, S Midl, esp KY, TN
splunge v, n • Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
spoil v A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl; formerly also NEng
spoil v A3 (pronc) • esp NEng, Sth, S Midl
spoil v C2 • chiefly Sth
spoon bread n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
spread v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
spread v B2 • esp Sth, S Midl
spreading adder n • chiefly Sth, TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
spring v B1 • esp Sth, S Midl
spring branch n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
springhouse n • formerly widespread, now chiefly Midl, Sth, esp Appalachians (MAP)
spring lizard n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
spring onion n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
sprinkler n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
sprout flow n • Sth
spruce pine n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sprucy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
spunk-water n • Sth, S Midl
'spute v • chiefly Sth
squab n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
square n1, adj, adv (pronc) • esp NEast, Sth, S Midl |skwæə(r)|, less freq |skweə(r)|
square n1 B2 • Sth, S Midl
square-dab adv • chiefly Sth, esp TX
squatting snipe n • Sth
squealer n 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
squeech v • esp Sth, S Midl
squeeze v Bb • Sth, S Midl
squench v1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
squinch v2 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
squinch v2 4 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
squinched up ppl adj phr 1 • esp Sth
squinch owl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
squirrel's jump n • esp Sth
squirts n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
squush v 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
stable horse n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stable lot n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stack chimney n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl, but also NEng
stack chimney n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stack of bones n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
staff n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
staggle v • chiefly Sth
stair n1 (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |star, stɑr|
stairsteps n pl • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
stall v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stand n 1 • Sth, S Midl
stand n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stand n 3 • Sth, S Midl
stand n 4 • esp Sth, S Midl
stander n • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl
standing rent n • chiefly Sth
stand in with v phr • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stand one down v phr 2 • Sth, S Midl
staple n1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈstip%Ul|
start-naked adj phr • Sth, S Midl
stave n • esp Sth, S Midl
stave v 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stay v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
steady adj, adv, v A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
steal v B1b • scattered, but most freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
steal v B2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
stealing partners n • Sth, S Midl
stealing steps n • esp Sth, S Midl
stealing sticks n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
steeple n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
steer n1 • scattered, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl
stemper n • Sth, S Midl
step off the carpet v phr • scattered, but esp Sth
step stove n • orig widespread; later chiefly Sth, S Midl
stew n • esp Midl, Sth
stick-and-clay chimney n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sticky n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
stiff-starch n • Sth, TX
stile n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stile block n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
still adv 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
still adv 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stinging worm n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stinkbird n • chiefly Sth
stinking jim n • Sth, S Midl
stob n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stob v B1 • Sth, S Midl
stock cow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stomp n 1 • Sth, S Midl
stomp-down adj phr, adv phr • Sth, S Midl
stool-bottom(ed) chair n • Sth, S Midl
stop by v phr • scattered, but somewhat more freq Midl, Sth
store n • Sth, S Midl sto(ah); rarely sto-er, tore
*store n B1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
*store n B2 • widespread, but less freq Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
store-bought adj phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
stork shower n • scattered, but esp NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
storm hit it, look like (a) v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
story v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stove up adj phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stove up adj phr 2 • scattered, but esp Sth
straight drive (transmission) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stray adj 2 • scattered Sth, S Midl
streaked gravy n • Sth, S Midl
streaked meat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians (MAP)
streakedy adj (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
streak off v phr • Sth
street, in the adj phr • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
strike v A1 • Sth, S Midl strack, strick.
strike a lick v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
strike up with v phr • Sth, S Midl
striking paper n • Sth, S Midl
string n, v (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |stræŋ, strɛŋ|
strop n, v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
strow v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stroy v, ppl adj • Sth, Midl
strut v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
strut n 1 • Sth, S Midl
strut n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stubborn adj • esp Sth, S Midl
studs n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
study v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
study v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
study v1 4 • Sth, S Midl
stump v 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stump-broke adj • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, TX
stump-hole liquor n • Sth, S Midl, esp NC, SC (MAP)
stump juice n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stump-jumper n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
stump liquor n • Sth, S Midl, esp GA
stump mover n • Sth, S Midl
stump sucker n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
stump-tail(ed) cow in flytime n • esp Sth, S Midl
stump water n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stump water n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*subpoena n, v (pronc) • widespread exc Sth |səˈpini, -nɪ| and (for past, past pple) |səˈpinid, -nɪd| (MAP)
subpoena n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |səˈpiniə, -jə|
such adj, adv, pron A1 (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
such adj, adv, pron A2 (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
such pron B2 • orig chiefly Sth, S Midl; now more widespread
suck-egg adj • chiefly Sth, Midl
suck-egg adj 1a • chiefly Sth (MAP)
suckhole n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sug n • Sth, S Midl
sugar n 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
sugar n 4 • esp Sth
sugar ant n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, TX (MAP)
sugar-booger n • esp Sth
sugar foot n 1 • esp Sth, West
sugar mule n • chiefly Sth
sugar tit n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
suit n 2 • scattered, but now more freq Sth, Midl
sull v • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
sumac n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl chiefly rural |ˈšume(ɪ)k|
sumblesault n • esp Sth
sumbleset n • esp Sth
summer duck n 1 • chiefly Sth
summons v • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
sundown n • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
sun-pain n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sunrising n • esp Sth, S Midl
sup n • now esp Sth, S Midl
sure adj, adv 2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sure enough adv phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sure enough adv phr 2 • chiefly Sth, NEng
sure enough adv phr 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sure-enough adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
suspect v • esp Sth, S Midl
suspicion v • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
swag n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swag n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swag n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swag v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swage v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swagger-tail(ed) coat n • esp Sth
swallow n2, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ˈswɑlɚ|
swallow n2 B • esp Sth, S Midl
swallow v Ca • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
swallow fork n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
swamp angel n 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
swamp blueberry n c • Sth
swamp canary n 1 • Sth
swamp cypress n • chiefly Sth
swamper n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swamp flag n • Sth
swamp grape n • Sth
swamp owl n 1 • chiefly Sth, esp Gulf States
swamp red oak n • Sth, S Midl
swanny v • chiefly Sth, S Midl; formerly also NEng (MAP)
swap ends v phr 2a • Sth, West
swap work v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
swarthy adj • Sth, S Midl
swear v C2 • esp Sth, S Midl
*sweat v Aa • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sweat v Ab • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
sweep n 1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
sweet bread n 2 • Sth, S Midl
sweet milk n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sweet pea n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sweet-potato pie n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
sweet-potato pudding n • chiefly Sth
sweetening n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sweetheart v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sweet tea n • chiefly Sth
swell v 3b (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swift-jack n • chiefly Sth
swift water n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
swim v A1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swim v A1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swim v A1c • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
swim v A2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swim v A2b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swimmy-headed adj • Sth, S Midl
swing blade n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
swinge v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swish broom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
switch, hide the n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swivet n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swizzled ppl adj2 • Sth, S Midl
syrup n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ˈsʌrəp, sɝp|
syrup biscuit n • chiefly Sth
syrup cake n • chiefly Sth
syrup house n 1 • chiefly Sth
tackle n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl, TX |tɪk%Ul|
tacky adj1 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tacky adj1 3 • chiefly Sth
tacky n 1 • chiefly Sth
tacky n 2 • Sth, S Midl
tacky party n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tad n1 2 • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl, now widespread (MAP)
tadpoles, rain v phr • chiefly Sth (MAP)
take v A1a • chiefly Sth
take v A2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
take v A2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
take v A3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
take v A3d • chiefly Sth
take v A2d • chiefly Sth, S Midl
take v B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, MO, OK, TX (MAP)
take v B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
take down v phr b • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
take in v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
take low v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
take on v phr • chiefly Sth; also S Midl, NEast (MAP)
take up v phr 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
take up v phr 6 • esp Sth, S Midl
take up v phr 8 • chiefly Sth, esp LA (MAP)
tallboy n 1 • chiefly Sth, West
tall cotton n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*tap n1 1 • widespread, but less freq nNEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tap n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tap n2 2 • widespread, but esp freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
tapstick n • esp Sth
tassel flower n 2 • esp Sth
taste v, n A1 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
taste v, n A2 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
ta-ta exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
taw line n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
tea cake n • chiefly Sth
tear down v phr • chiefly Sth
tear up v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
tear up v phr 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tear up v phr 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*tea towel n • widespread, but less freq NEng, Sth (MAP)
tee-hiney n • esp Sth
teenchy adj • chiefly Sth
tee-nincy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tee-niny adj • Sth, S Midl, esp SC (MAP)
teensy adj • formerly Sth, S Midl, now widespread, but less freq NEng
tee-tee v, n • chiefly Sth
tee-tiny adj • Sth, S Midl
tell v B1a • Sth
tell v C1 • formerly chiefly Sth, Midl, now widespread
tell v C4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ten n, adj (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |tɪn|
tendable adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Tennessee n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |̩tɪnəˈsi, ˈtɛnə̩si, ˈtɪn-|
tennie-pump n • chiefly Sth
tennis n • chiefly Sth (MAP)
terrapin n B1 • chiefly Sth, Midl, TX (MAP)
terrible adj, adv (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl, NEng |ˈtɝəb(ə)l, ˈtɝb(ə)l|
terrify v B • esp Sth
tester n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈtistə(r)|
tetchous adj • Sth, S Midl
tetchy adj • formerly widespread, now esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tetter n1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
Texas n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈtɛksz, -əz|
text n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈtɛks(t)ɪz|
that pron, conj, adv, art A1a • esp Sth, S Midl
that adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
that conj C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
theater n (pronc) • freq Sth, S Midl |ˈɵi̩etə(r), ɵiˈe-|
theirn pron • esp NEng, Sth, S Midl
theirselves pron • chiefly nNEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
them pron, adj (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ðɪm|
them pron B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
them pron B2 • esp Sth, S Midl
them adj C1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
there adv, adj, pron A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
there adv, adj, pron A4 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
they pron2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
they adj • Sth, S Midl
theyselves pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl
thickened gravy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thimble n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thing n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ɵæŋ, ɵɛŋ, ɵiŋ|
think v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ɵe(ɪ)ŋk, ɵæŋk|
think v B2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
think v C1 • Sth, S Midl
third and fourth n • chiefly Sth
thisaway adv • scattered, but more freq Atlantic, Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
thob v, n • Sth, S Midl
those pron, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, NYC..|doz|
though prep1, adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth..|do|
thought coming, have another v phr • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thousand-legs n • scattered, but esp freq Sth, Midl (MAP)
thrash n1 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
thrash n3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
thrip n • esp Sth, S Midl
throat n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ɵot|
through adv, prep 1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
throw v A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
throw v C1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
throw v C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
throw off v phr 4 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thunder n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thunderwood n 1 • Sth, esp GA (MAP)
tick-a-lock exclam • esp Sth, S Midl
tickle bone n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tickle box n • esp Sth, S Midl
tickler n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ticky adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tiger n B1 • chiefly Sth, SW
tight-eye n1 • Sth
tight-shoe day n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
till prep, conj A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
till prep, conj A2 • esp Sth, S Midl
till conj C1a • chiefly Sth
time n C1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
time conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
timid adj • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tinesy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tip v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
tit for tat adj phr • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tit-tat-too n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
titty n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
titty baby n • Sth, S Midl
T-model Ford adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
to prep, adv A1a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp VA
to prep B7 • Sth, S Midl
to prep B8 • scattered, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl
to prep B9a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
to prep B9b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
to prep B10 • esp Sth, S Midl
to prep B16 • esp Sth, S Midl
toad-frog n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
toad-frogs, rain v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
toad sack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tobacco n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tobacco fly n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tobacco gum n • Sth
toboggan n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also Inland Nth
toby n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tod n • esp Sth, S Midl
toe itch n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
toggle worm n • Sth
toilet n 3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, NEng
told, get one v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tolerable adj, adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
toll v1 1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
tomato n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tomato n A4 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tomato n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tomcat v • widespread, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
tommytoe n • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
tom walkers n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tone v1 • chiefly Sth
tongue n 2 • chiefly Sth
toothbrush n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tooth dentist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tooth doctor n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
top of the pot n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
torch pine n • Sth
torment n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
torn down adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
torn up adj phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tote v A1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tote v A4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tote v A5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tote v A7 • Sth, S Midl
tote v A8 • chiefly Sth
tote v B1 • Sth, S Midl
tote v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tote v B3 • esp Sth
tote v B5 • esp Sth
tote v B6 • esp Sth
tote sack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tother pron, adj • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
tottle v 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
touch v, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |tɛč|
touch v, n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
touch v C2 • esp Sth, S Midl, IL (MAP)
touchous adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
touchous adj 2 • Sth, S Midl
tourister n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
toward prep A (pronc) • esp Sth |tod(z)|
towel n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |tæl, tɑl, tɔl|
town n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |tæ^Un|
town ball n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
town dude n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
town sparrow n • esp Sth
tow sack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK
toy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
toy n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
trace chain n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
train, smoke like a v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tramp snow v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
transport truck n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tree v 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
trembles n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
trick n 1 • Sth, S Midl
trick n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
trick doctor n • Sth, S Midl
trifle on v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
trifling adj 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
trifling adj 2 • Sth, S Midl
trough n A1 (pronc) • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
trout n 2a • Sth, S Midl
trout n 2b • chiefly Sth
trout-fish n • formerly widespread, now esp Sth, S Midl
truck n1 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
truck n1 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
trumpet n 1 • Sth
trumpetleaf n • Sth
truth n • Sth
try v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Tuesday n (pronc) • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl |ˈtjuz̩de, -̩dɪ|
Tuesday n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈč(ɪ)uz̩de, -̩dɪ|
tumble v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tumblebug n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl
tumbleturd n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tump v2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tune up v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tupelo n • chiefly Sth
tupelo gum n • Sth, S Midl
turkeyberry n 1 • Sth, S Midl
turkeyberry n 2 • Sth
turkey oak n • Sth
turkey trot n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
turn off v phr 2 • scattered, but esp Sth, Midl
turn v A • Sth, S Midl turnt
turn v C4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
turning plow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
turn out v phr 1 • chiefly Sth
turn out v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
turnrow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
turn shovel n • chiefly Sth
turpentine n B • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
turpentine v C • chiefly Sth
turtle n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈtɜ(r)k%Ul, ˈtʌk%Ul|
turtledove n • now esp Missip Valley, Sth (MAP)
tush n C1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent, TX; scattered NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
tush hog n 1 • Sth, S Midl
tush hog n 2 • Sth, S Midl
twice adv, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |twaɪst|
twist n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Sth, SW (MAP)
twister n 1 • Sth, S Midl
two n, adj, pron (pronc) • chiefly NEast, Sth |tju, tiu|
two-by-four adj • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
two-eyed cat n • esp Sth, S Midl
two-mule adj • chiefly Sth
ugly adj B1 • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ugly adj B3 • formerly more widespread; now chiefly Sth (MAP)
ugly n D1b • esp Sth
umbrella n A2a (pronc) • widespread, but esp Midl, Sth, SW (MAP)
uncle n 1a • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
uncle n 1b • Sth, S Midl
*uncle n 2 • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
uncrunk(ed) adj • esp Sth
under adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
underbody n • Sth, S Midl
underpend v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
under the doctor prep phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
unfinancial adj 2 • chiefly Sth
unions n pl 2 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
unlessen conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
unsweet tea n • Sth, S Midl
unthoughted adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
until conj C1 • Sth, S Midl
up-country adv phr • esp NEng, Sth
up East adv phr • esp Sth, S Midl
upland moccasin n • Sth
upside prep 1a • esp Sth
upside prep 1b • formerly Sth, now widespread
upwards adv • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
us pron (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |ɝs|
us pron B1 • Sth
use v A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
use v B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
used to v phr C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
usen v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
using-ground n • esp Sth, S Midl
us's adj • esp Sth
usself pron • chiefly Sth
V-harrow n • esp Sth, S Midl
vigrous adj • Sth, S Midl
villain n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈvɪljən|
-ville suff (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |-vəl, -v%Ul|
vine okra n • Sth
Virginia n (pronc) • chiefly Sth |və(r)ˈɪni|
Virginia fence n • chiefly NEng, Sth
vomit n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈvɑmɪk| (MAP)
voodoo n • orig esp New Orleans LA; now scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
voodoo v • orig esp New Orleans LA; now esp Sth
wag v • Sth, S Midl
wagon greasing n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wagon wheel n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
waiter n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wait on v phr 1 • chiefly NEast, Sth
wait on v phr 2 • Sth, S Midl
wake v 1b • formerly widespread; now scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
wake v 1c • esp Sth, S Midl
wake v 2b • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
Walker hound n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*walking plow n • widespread, but less freq Sth (MAP)
walk, strong enough to adj phr • chiefly Sth, Midl, TX (MAP)
wall v • Sth, S Midl
wallet n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wallet n 1b • Sth, S Midl
wallet n 2 • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent; also Sth, West (MAP)
wallop v • Sth, S Midl
wallow n, v (pronc) • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl |ˈwɑlə(r)|
wallow n, v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wallow n, v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wallow n, v B4 • esp Sth, S Midl
wallow n, v B7a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
walnut n (pronc) • chiefly sNEng, Sth, S Midl |ˈwɔnət|
walnut n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |wɔrnət|
wampus n2 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wander v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
want v1 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |wont|
want v1 B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
War between the States n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
War for Southern Independence n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
warrant v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wash n, v B • Sth, S Midl
washateria n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, West, esp TX, LA
washers n • Sth, S Midl
wash-hole n • Sth, S Midl
wasp n 1a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wasp n 1b (pronc) • chiefly Sth
wasp n 2a (pronc) • chiefly Sth
wasp n 2b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wasp n 2c (pronc) • esp Sth
wasp n 2d (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
wasp nest n 1 • Sth, S Midl
waste v 1 • esp Sth
waste v 3 • chiefly Sth (MAP)
waste n • Sth, S Midl
waste up v phr • chiefly Sth
water n, v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
water buzzard n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
water frog n • esp Sth
water gap n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp KY
water gap n 3 • Sth, West
water gravy n • esp Sth, S Midl
water haul n • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
water jack n • esp Sth, S Midl
watermelon cutting n • Sth, S Midl
water oak n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
water rattle n • chiefly Sth
water shelf n • Sth, S Midl
we-all pron 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
we-all pron 2 • Sth, S Midl
we-all's adj, pron2 • chiefly Sth
wear v B1 • esp Sth, S Midl
wear v B3b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, Cent (MAP)
wear v C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
weasly adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
*weasy adj • scattered exc Sth (MAP)
weather v • Sth, S Midl
weatherboard n • chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
weave v A1 • esp Sth, S Midl
web wire n • esp Sth, S Midl
wedge n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
weed one's own row v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
weed sling n • Sth, S Midl
weedy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
week n1 A • esp Sth, S Midl
week n1 Ba • chiefly Sth, S Midl
week n1 Bb • Sth, S Midl
well intj (pronc) • esp NEng, Sth, S Midl |wɑl|
wet adj 2 • chiefly Sth, West (MAP)
whack n 2 • Sth, S Midl
whang n3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
what and all pron 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
what for adv phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whatness, of a adj phr • esp Sth
whatsomever pron • now esp Sth
wheelbarrow n • DARE..shows aspirated |hwil-| forms..more common in the Sth
wheelbarrow n 2 (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl (MAP)
wheelbarrow seed n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whelk n • Sth, S Midl
whelp n, v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whelt n, v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whenever conj a • Sth, S Midl, wPA
whenever conj b • Sth, S Midl
whensomever conj • esp Sth, S Midl
where adv, conj, pron A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
where adv, conj, pron A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
where conj C1 • esp Sth, S Midl
where-all adv • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
where it doesn't snow n • esp Sth, TX (MAP)
wheresomever adv • esp Sth, S Midl
whet n • Sth, S Midl
whether conj 2 • Sth, S Midl
which pron 1 • Sth, S Midl
which pron 2 • Sth, S Midl
which conj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
which and way, every adv phr • esp Sth
whichaway(s) adv • scattered, but more freq Sth, Midl, TX, N Cent (MAP)
which from tother pron phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whicker n2 • Sth, S Midl
whickerbill n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whiles conj • esp Sth, S Midl
whindle v • Sth, S Midl
whip v, n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whip v, n A2 (pronc) • esp Sth
whip v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whip v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whippoorwill pea n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whippoorwill winter n • Sth, S Midl
whip-popper n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whipstick n • esp Sth, Midl (MAP)
whipstitch n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
whirling jenny n • esp Sth
whiskey house n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whiskey-palian n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
white acre pea n • Sth
white gravy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
white lightning n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl, SW (MAP)
white liquor n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
white liver n • esp Sth, S Midl
white meat n • chiefly Sth, esp AL
whitening n • Sth, S Midl
white potato n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
white side meat n • Sth, S Midl
white squash n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
white sumac n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
White trash n • orig Sth, S Midl; now widely known
white whiskey n • Sth, S Midl
whitleather n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whitleather n 3 • chiefly Sth
whizzing adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
who-all pron 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
who laid the rail phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whole adj, n (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl |hʌl|
whomper-jawed adj 1 • Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
whomper-jawed adj 2 • chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
whoo exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whooee exclam 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whooee exclam 3 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whoop n C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whore-hop v phr, • esp Sth, S Midl
why come adv phr • esp Sth
wicked adj • esp NEast, Sth
wide place in the road n • chiefly Midl, Sth, West (MAP)
widow n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈwɪdɚ|
widow n B2 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
widower n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl..|ˈwɪdərə(r)| (MAP)
widowman n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
widow woman n 1 • formerly widespread, now esp Midl, Sth (MAP)
wienie n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, N Cent, West (MAP)
wiggletail n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
wiggletail n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
wild buckwheat n 2 • chiefly Sth, SW
*wild canary n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth (MAP)
wild cotton n 3a • chiefly Sth
wild honeysuckle n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wild okra n 1 • esp Sth
wild poinsettia n • chiefly Sth, Midl
William n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
willipus-wallipus n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
willipus-wallipus n 2 • Sth, S Midl
win v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl winned
winding adv • Sth, S Midl
winding blades n pl • chiefly Sth, Midl
wing-footed adj • esp Sth
winny n • esp Sth
wire grass n 2e • chiefly Sth, SW
wire road n • Sth, S Midl
wish v, n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth
witches' stirrup n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
with prep, adv A3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
with prep, adv A4 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
with prep B1 • esp NEast, Sth, S Midl
without prep, adv, conj A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
without conj B • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl
withouten prep, conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
wolf n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
woman n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
woman n B2 • Sth, S Midl
woman-person n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
woodchuck n 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
woods burned, since the adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
woods child n • esp Sth, S Midl
woods colt n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
woods colt n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wool-gathered adj • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wool hat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl
wool, pull v phr • chiefly Sth
wopsided adj, adv • formerly scattered, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
work v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
work v 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
work v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent (MAP)
work down v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
worked down adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
workhorse n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
working n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
world, go (all the way) around the v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
worm n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
worm n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
worm tree n • Sth
worry v, n B2 • formerly widespread; now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
worrywart n • Sth, S Midl
wrinkledy adj • esp Sth, S Midl
write v B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
write v B1c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
write v B2a • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
writing spider n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wrop v • esp Sth, S Midl
wup exclam • esp Sth, S Midl
-y suff1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
yahoo n • widespread, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl
Yankee cotton n • esp Sth
Yankee dime n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp AL (MAP)
Yankee minute n • esp Sth, S Midl
Yankee shot you, where the n • Sth, S Midl
yard broom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
yard egg n • esp Sth, S Midl
year n1 B • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
yellow adj, n1 A1 (pronc) • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
yellow adj, n1 A2 (pronc) • widespread, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
yellow adj, n1 A5 (pronc) • esp Sth
yellow n1 B • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
yellow-breasted lark n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
yellowhammer n 1 • widespread, but esp freq Sth
yellowhammer n 4 • esp Sth
yerk v, n • esp Sth, S Midl
yes adv 1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
yesterday adv, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEast |ˈjɪstɪ̩dɪ|
yet adv, conj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |jɪt|
yet adv, conj B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
yet adv, conj B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
yon adj, pron, adv, n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |jæn|
yon adj, pron, adv, n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
yonder adv, adj, n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
yonder adv, adj, n A5 (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
yonder adv, adj, n A6 • chiefly Sth
yonder adv B1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
yonder adv B3 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
yonder adv B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
yonder n Da • chiefly Sth
yonder n Db • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
yonkapin n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
you pron1 A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
you pron1 B1b • esp Sth, S Midl
you-all pron, adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
you-alls pron1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
you-all's adj, pron2 • Sth, S Midl
you-alls's adj, pron • Sth, S Midl
young one n • esp Sth, S Midl
your adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl yo(ah), yore
your-all's adj, pron • Sth, S Midl
yourn pron • esp NEng, Sth, S Midl
yourns pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl
zip n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
zoon v 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp GA
Adam’s housecat n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
ain’t v1 • Mid Atl, S Atl
A.K. v • S Atl
all around adv phr • S Atl
alley n1 2 • chiefly S Atl
alligator cooter n • chiefly S Atl
alligator hole n • S Atl
alligator terrapin n • S Atl
alligator wampee n • S Atl
all two adj, pron, conj • S Atl, esp SC, GA coasts
amberfish n • S Atl
amberjack n 2 • S Atl
*Annie-over n, exclam • widespread, but least freq in NEng, S Atl (MAP)
aplenty n • chiefly S Atl, Midl
artichoke pickle n • S Atl, esp SC
artichoke relish n • S Atl, esp SC
baby stroller n • esp S Atl
back and to adv phr • now chiefly S Atl
bateau n B2 • chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
bay n3 1 • chiefly S Atl
bay n3 2 • S Atl, esp seGA, neFL
bedroom shoe n • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl (MAP)
bell a buzzard v phr • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
bellows v C • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
belly girt n • chiefly NEng, S Atl (MAP)
biddy n1 1 • chiefly NEng, S Atl
biddy n3 • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl
bird-eye pepper n • S Atl, Gulf States
black ankle n • chiefly S Atl
black drum n • chiefly C and S Atl
black frost n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, C and S Atl, CA (MAP)
blessing n • chiefly S Atl, Inland Sth (MAP)
block-house n • S Atl
boogerman n 3 • S Atl
bootjack n 2 • chiefly S Atl
bothered up ppl adj • S Atl
both two pron • esp S Atl
box v1 • esp S Atl
brad n2 1 • S Atl
brass on one’s face, have v phr • chiefly S Atl
breakfast bacon n • chiefly Mid and S Atl
bright adj 1 • chiefly S Atl, S Midl
brownie n1 1 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC (MAP)
buck n4 • S Atl
buck naked adj • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
bug n1 5b • chiefly Mid and S Atl, SW (MAP)
bullace n 2 • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl
bullbat n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, SW, scattered S Midl (MAP)
bunch grape n • chiefly S Atl
bush and bog n • chiefly S Atl
butt-head n • chiefly S Atl, AL (MAP)
butt-headed adj • chiefly S Atl
camphor weed n 3 • S Atl and Gulf States
can’t-help-it n • chiefly S Atl
carrion crow n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Inland Sth (MAP)
cassena n • chiefly S Atl
cat squirrel n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
cavalla n • S Atl and Gulf coasts
cavally n • S Atl and Gulf coasts
centipede grass n • S Atl, HI
certain adv B1 • esp NEng, also C and S Atl
certain adv B3 • chiefly Mid and S Atl, NEng, Ohio Valley
cham-chack n • chiefly S Atl
cherry laurel n • chiefly S Atl
Chinaberry n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
China tree n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
chip v 1 • S Atl
chitterling strut n • S Atl
chunk v 2 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
clay-eater n • chiefly S Atl
clay road n • scattered east of Missip R, esp S Atl (MAP)
clearseed n • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
clodknocker n • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl
coachwhip snake n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
*coal oil n • widespread, but least freq in Nth, S Atl (MAP)
co-calf(ie) v phr • esp S Atl
cod n1 2 • S Atl coast
co-ee v phr • chiefly C Atl, S Atl
coffeeweed n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
Confederate War n • chiefly S Atl
conjure n • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl
coon oyster n • chiefly S Atl, esp FL
cooter n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, esp SC
cooter n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, esp SC (MAP)
corn barn n • esp NEng, S Atl
corn dodger n 2 • chiefly S Atl, eVA
corn muffin n • scattered, but chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
corn stick n • chiefly S Atl, Inland Sth (MAP)
cossie v • esp Mid Atl, S Atl
country n B2d • chiefly S Atl, esp SC (MAP)
country n B2e • S Atl
co-wench v phr • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
cowitch n 3 • esp S Atl
cracker n 2 • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
cranberry bean n • scattered, but esp NEast, S Atl
crawl n2 • S Atl
creek n1 B3 • chiefly S Atl
crevalle n a • esp S Atl, but also Pacific coast
crink n • scattered, but esp S Atl (MAP)
crocus sack n • chiefly S and Mid Atl (MAP)
croker sack n • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
curd n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Gulf States, S Atl, NEast (MAP)
cut the fool v phr • chiefly S Atl
diamondback terrapin n • chiefly C and S Atl
*dinner n 1b • widespread, but less freq Lower Missip Valley, S Atl (MAP)
dip n1 4 • S Atl
Dixie boy (plow) n • S Atl
do v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid and S Atl
do v C1c • chiefly S Atl
do v C2b • chiefly S Atl
*dog n1 B5a • scattered, but less freq S Atl (MAP)
dog fly n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl, AL (MAP)
doily n B1 • S Atl
dope n 4 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC (MAP)
double singletree n • scattered, but esp C and S Atl (MAP)
*doughball n 2 • scattered, but less freq NEast, C and S Atl, Pacific (MAP)
draggy adj 2 • chiefly Midl, S Atl (MAP)
drain n1 C2 • scattered, but esp Mid and S Atl
dross n • chiefly S Atl
English duck n • chiefly S Atl
fairy stone n • chiefly Mid and S Atl
fatback n 2b • S Atl
fault n, v • chiefly Mid and S Atl
feed up v phr • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
ferry-flat n • esp Missip-Ohio Valleys, S Atl
fescue n • chiefly S Midl, S Atl (MAP)
filibuster v • Mid and S Atl
find v B1 • chiefly NEast, S Atl
firedog n • scattered, but esp freq sAppalachians, S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
fire iron n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl, N Cent (MAP)
first dark n • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl
fish basket n • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
fix v B3 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
fleech v • S Atl
flip-flop n 2 • esp N Midl, S Atl (MAP)
fram v • S Atl
French mockingbird n 2 • S Atl, Gulf States
fuss-box n • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
gall n2 1 • esp S Atl
gallinipper n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl (MAP)
gator n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
geechee n • chiefly S Atl
geechy adj • chiefly S Atl
Georgia wiggler n • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
*get v C2 • widespread, but less freq S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
get behind v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl (MAP)
gin house n • chiefly S Atl
give in v phr 1 • esp S Atl
givey adj 1 • chiefly Mid and S Atl
glade n 1 • esp Midl and S Atl
going to bed adj phr • S Atl (MAP)
granddaddy graybeard n 2 • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl
grits n pl 1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
ground pea n 1 • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
guano n B • chiefly S Atl
guano sack n • chiefly C and S Atl
guard n, v (pronc) • esp Mid and S Atl
guinea wasp n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
gunja n • chiefly S Atl
gutter n1 2 • esp NEng, S Atl
hack n1 2 • chiefly S Atl
hack v4 • esp S Atl, Gulf States
hail-over n, exclam • S Atl, Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
hairy head n • chiefly C and S Atl
*handspring n a • widespread, but less freq S Atl
happy adj 3 • Mid and S Atl
harvest flow n • S Atl
hear v A2d • chiefly S Atl
*hickey n2 a • scattered, but less freq NEng, S Atl
highland adj • chiefly S Atl
highland terrapin n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl
high yellow n • scattered, but chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
hog bear n • chiefly S Atl
hog’s head cheese n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast, esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
hog wire n • scattered, but esp S Atl, Gulf States, Cent (MAP)
hole n 1a • esp S Atl
hominy n B1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Atlantic, esp S Atl (MAP)
hopping John n 1 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC, GA (MAP)
hornyhead n a • esp S Atl
hound dog n 2 • scattered, but esp Lower Missip Valley, TX, S Atl (MAP)
house n, v (pronc) • chiefly Atlantic, esp NEng, Mid and S Atl
howsomever adv 1 • scattered, but chiefly S and C Atl, S Midl
hull n B2a(7) • chiefly S Atl, esp GA
hummock n 2 • chiefly S Atl, esp FL (MAP)
hurrah bush n • S Atl, esp GA
hurrah’s nest n 1 • now esp S Atl
hurricane n A2b (pronc) • chiefly Appalachians, Mid and S Atl
hurt v B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl
in prep B7 • scattered, but chiefly S Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
into prep B1 • chiefly NEast, S Atl
jack n1 24a(1) • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
jackdaw n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
Jack-in-the-bush n 2 • esp Mid and S Atl
jaded adj • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
jamb n • S Atl
jelly doughnut n • widespread, but esp freq NEast, S Atl, CA (MAP)
jewfish n 1a • S Atl, Gulf States
jewfish n 1b • S Atl, Gulf States
jiggering vbl n • esp S Atl
jim-crow card n • S Atl
johnny house n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid and S Atl (MAP)
joint grass n 1 • scattered, but esp Mid and S Atl
jook n 2 • orig FL, later chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
jook v3 • chiefly S Atl, esp FL
jump n 2 • S Atl
Kate n • S Atl
keg n, v A3 (pronc) • esp S Atl, Gulf States
kernel n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl; also Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
key n 3 • chiefly S Atl, AL (MAP and Map Section)
kick v B1 • chiefly sAppalachians, S Atl (MAP)
king mackerel n • S Atl, Gulf States
*kraut n 2 • widespread, but less freq Mid and S Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
lark n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly C and S Atl
last-go-trade n • chiefly Mid and S Atl, WV (MAP)
laying-by time n • chiefly S Atl
lazy boy n 1 • esp S Atl, Inland Sth
-left suff • S Atl
let v A2a • chiefly S Atl
level n • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
light v2 2 • scattered, but esp S Atl, sAppalachians (MAP)
lightwood n1 • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl (MAP)
lightwood-knot floater n • esp S Atl
liken vbl aux • esp S Atl
live in adultery v phr • scattered, but chiefly W Midl, S Atl (MAP)
liver pudding n • chiefly S and Mid Atl (MAP)
log cart n • esp C and S Atl (MAP)
loggerhead n 5b • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
lull v • chiefly Mid and S Atl, nNEng
maiden cane n • S Atl, Gulf States
marsh tacky n • chiefly S Atl, esp SC
master n • chiefly S Atl coast, among Black speakers, obs, maus(sa), mossa
maw n1 1 • chiefly Gulf States, Mid and S Atl
mayapple n 2 • esp S Atl, Inland Sth
maybird n 2 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC
minister’s face n1 • esp NEng, S Atl
mole bean n 2 • esp S Midl, S Atl
Molly Bright n • Mid and S Atl
monkey n1 B5 • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
monkey bite n 1 • chiefly CA, also C and S Atl (MAP)
mosquito fly n • esp Gulf States, S Atl
mother dear n • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
mouth organ n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Inland Nth, C Atl; also S Atl, SW (MAP and Map Section)
muffle-jawed adj 1 • esp S Atl
mutton corn n • chiefly S Atl, esp SC
newground n 1a • chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
*nicker n1, v • widespread exc NEast, Gt Lakes; less freq S Atl (MAP and Map Section)
nig n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
nigger killer n 1 • chiefly S Atl, AL
nut grass n 1 • scattered, but chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
on prep B9 • chiefly S and Mid Atl, PA (MAP)
*Osage orange n • widespread exc S Atl, Inland Sth, Gulf States (MAP)
pap n 1 • chiefly Midl, S Atl (MAP)
parrot-toed adj • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
parson’s nose n • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
pee-jib n • esp S Atl, Inland Sth (MAP)
periagua n • chiefly S Atlantic coast
piazza n • chiefly NEast, S Atl (MAP)
piccolo n • chiefly S Atl; also NYC
pig picking n • chiefly S Atl
pigoo exclam • chiefly OH Valley, Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
*pigtail exclam a • scattered, but less freq NEast, S Atl (MAP)
pinder n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
pine barren n • C and S Atl
pine snake n 1 • chiefly Mid and S Atl, Cent
piney-woods rooter n • S Atl, Gulf States
pipjenny n • esp Delmarva, S Atl (MAP)
*pit n2 1a • widespread, but somewhat less freq Mid and S Atl, W Midl (MAP)
pluffer n • S Atl
*Podunk n 1 • scattered, but less freq C and S Atl, West (MAP)
pogy n 1 • chiefly nNEng, S Atl, Gulf States
pompano n 1 • S Atl, Gulf States
poop v, n • widespread, but more freq NEng, NY, Gt Lakes, S Atl, West (MAP)
potato pone n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
pudding n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Mid and S Atl (MAP)
rat snake n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
rattle n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
red bass n • chiefly S Atl
redbreast n 2 • S Atl (MAP)
redfin pickerel n • chiefly S Atl
red snapper n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
remembrance n • S Atl, Gulf States
rice n (pronc) • esp Mid and S Atl |rəɪs|
rice n (pronc) • esp S Atl, Gulf States |ras|
rock n1 5 • chiefly Upper Missip and Ohio Valleys, C and S Atl (MAP)
rockfish n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl
roll-a-bat n • esp S Atl
room n (pronc) • scattered, but esp NEng, Mid and S Atl, Gulf States |r^Um|
root the peg n • esp Gulf States, S Atl
saltwater trout n • S Atl, Gulf States
sand-and-clay road n • chiefly S Atl, VA (MAP)
sandlapper n 1 • chiefly S Atl
savannah n • chiefly S Atl
saw bench n • esp S and Mid Atl (MAP)
saw grass n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
*saw wood v phr • widespread, but less freq S Atl, Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
sawyer n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
scallion n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, S Atl (MAP)
schemy adj • esp Mid and S Atl
*schottische n • widespread exc Appalachians, Mid and S Atl (MAP)
scissorbill n 1 • S Atl, Gulf States
scoggin n 2 • chiefly S Atl
scooter n1 1 • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
scovy n • esp Mid and S Atl
scow n2 • esp S Atl
scrape n 2 • S Atl
scratch n1 2 • esp Mid and S Atl
scroonch owl n • S Atl
sedge hen n • chiefly Mid and S Atl
set horses v phr • chiefly Sth, esp S Atl (MAP)
setline n • chiefly Inland Nth, S Atl (MAP)
shed room n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
shell road n • chiefly C and S Atl, LA, seTX (MAP)
shine n 2 • scattered, but chiefly S Atl (MAP)
shivering owl n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
shoofly n 2 • scattered, but esp S Atl
short-patient adj phr • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
side prep 2 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
silverfish n 3 • esp S Atl
sirsee n • scattered, but chiefly S Atl
skeester n • esp S Atl
skipjack n 1a • esp S Atl
slick calm adj phr • chiefly Mid and S Atl, Gulf States
slip v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl (MAP)
slow-walk v • chiefly S Atl
slubber v • esp S Atl
snap v 3 • esp Mid and S Atl, nNEng (MAP)
so exclam a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West; also S Atl (MAP)
some kind of adv phr • chiefly VA, S Atl
sometime adj • esp S Atl
sometimey adj • esp S Atl
sparkleberry n • chiefly S Atl
specify v • esp S Atl
spider n 1 • chiefly Nth; also Mid and S Atl (MAP)
squinch adj 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
stable n 2 • esp C and S Atl (MAP)
stick broom n • chiefly SE, esp S Atl (MAP)
stick-frog n • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
stool chair n • chiefly Mid and S Atl
storm pit n • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl (MAP)
straw n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
strike v B1 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC
string v C1 • chiefly S Atl
stump n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
stumpknocker n 3 • S Atl
sugarberry n 1 • chiefly Midl, S Atl
*summer squash n • widespread, but less freq C and S Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
swamp hog n • S Atl, Gulf States
sweet myrtle n 1 • Mid and S Atl
swelltoad n • chiefly Mid and S Atl
swingletree n • chiefly C and S Atl, Appalachians (MAP)
tea weed n 2 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States
timber cart n • chiefly Mid and S Atl
toadfish n a • chiefly Mid and S Atl (MAP)
trash mover n 1 • chiefly Mid and S Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
tread-soft(ly) n • S Atl, Gulf States
turn n 1a • chiefly Mid and S Atl; also Gulf States (MAP)
turnplow n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, WV (MAP)
*vegetable cellar n • scattered, but less freq S Atl, Gulf States, SW (MAP)
wage hand n • S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
wampee n • chiefly S Atl
wash-foot Baptist n • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
white oak snake n • chiefly S Atl (MAP)
white shad n 2 • esp S Atl
white trout n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, S Atl
whoop-and-hide n 1 • chiefly S Midl, S Atl (MAP)
whoop n C2 • scattered, but esp S Atl, Gulf States, Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Pacific (MAP)
whoop exclam D • esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
whooping owl n • esp NEng, S Atl, Ozarks
wicky n • S Atl
wiggler n 3 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
wild arsenic n • VA, S Atl
wind v • scattered, but esp Mid and S Atl (MAP)
wind-busted adj • esp S Atl (MAP)
witch water n • esp S Atl
woodpecker mill n • chiefly S Atl
woods rider n • S Atl
wool hat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl
yard child n 2 • esp S Atl, Gulf States
yard child n 3 • esp S Atl, Gulf States
yellow adj C • chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States
yellowbreast sunfish n • esp Mid and S Atl, Gulf States
Zaccheus tree n • esp S Atl
about prep, adv (pronc) • MD, eVA, eSC
acknowledge n • SC, GA coasts
acquaintun ppl adj • SC, GA coasts
all both pron • chiefly coastal SC
all two adj, pron, conj • S Atl, esp SC, GA coasts
and thing conj phr • sSC, GA coast
answer n • seSC, nGA coast
artichoke pickle n • S Atl, esp SC
artichoke relish n • S Atl, esp SC
ash nan n • SC
aw adv • sSC, GA coast
awendaw n • SE, esp SC
bactize v • SC, GA coasts
basket name n • sSC, GA coast
batter n1 • SC
bay n1 3 • SC, NC
beat the hound out of v phr • esp SC
benne n • Sth, esp SC
big dog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SC (MAP and Map Section)
bird-minder n • SC
blackbird n 1 • chiefly SC
Black Bottom n • esp SC
bloodynoun n • chiefly SC, esp Charleston area
bluebait n • SC
blue blazes n a • chiefly Sth, esp SC
bog n • SC
boomalally n • SC, esp Charleston
brass ankle n • chiefly coastal SC
broadus n • SC, GA coast
brownie n1 1 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC (MAP)
bucket candy n • esp SC
buckra n • chiefly coastal SC and GA
bum n3 • SC, FL
bum jacket n • SC
butt n1 1 • esp SC
buzzard roost n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SC, TX (MAP)
cascade v • esp SC
case n2 2 • chiefly SC
catfish stew n • chiefly SC (MAP)
chair n (pronc) • SC, sNEng, Upstate NY
Charleston buzzard n • SC
China brier n • esp in SC
city sparrow n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY, SC
co’ n • eSC
cooter n (pronc) • coastal SC and GA
cooter n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, esp SC
cooter n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, esp SC (MAP)
country n B2d • chiefly S Atl, esp SC (MAP)
crack one’s teeth v phr • SC, GA coasts
cripple n2 • Sth, esp SC
Croatan n • NC, SC
curly flower n • SC
day clean n • chiefly SC
dead v 2 • SC, GA coasts
dope n 4 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC (MAP)
down v F4 • esp SC
drain n2 • eSC
dry drought n • chiefly GA, SC, Gulf States
dual lane highway n • chiefly Mid Atl, esp SC
ear n1 (pronc) • SC, GA
easy walker n • chiefly Gulf States, SC
enty interrog exclam • chiefly SC, GA coasts
eyeball n 1 • NC, SC
fanner n 1 • chiefly GA, SC
farkis n • SC
figeater n • Sth, esp SC
fool adv • SC
fowl house n • now esp SC (MAP)
garage apartment n • scattered, but esp TX, AL, SC
grand n • chiefly SC, GA
grandpa n A10 (pronc) • SC
grease n (pronc) • esp coastal SC, GA, FL
ground mole n • scattered, but esp SC
groundnut n (pronc) • chiefly SC
guano n (pronc) • chiefly GA, SC
guinea squash n • chiefly SC
half v C • scattered, but esp SC
half-a-shirt n • SC
half hand n 1 • esp SC
half-rubber n • GA, SC
handle basket n • SC
heself pron • chiefly SC
hill n 3 • esp SC
hog crawl n • SC, GA
hoist v C1i(1) • Gulf States, SC
hopping John n 1 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC, GA (MAP)
Indian pullet n • chiefly FL, GA, SC
joggle v 1 • chiefly SC
joggling board n • chiefly SC, GA
johnny cockhorse n • SC
joog v • chiefly SE, esp SC
Juneberry n 3 • esp SC
ki intj • esp sSC, GA coast
lie out v phr 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians, GA, SC (MAP)
limping Kate n • SC
limping Susan n • SC
little adj, n, v • sSC, GA coasts
liver mush n • NC, SC, GA, TN
liver nip n • esp SC
locus preacher n • SC, GA
ma n A3 (pronc) • esp SC, C Atl (MAP)
mamma n1 (pronc) • esp SC
mamma n1 2 • GA, SC
mannersable adj • esp SC
marsh tacky n • chiefly S Atl, esp SC
mawmouth n • chiefly SC
maybird n 2 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC
me adj a • sSC, GA coasts
meet v 1 • sSC coast
mixed bread n • esp SC
monkey n1 B4a • SC, NC
moonshine n 3 • SC
mosshead n • esp SC
mutton corn n • chiefly S Atl, esp SC
no-manners adj • sSC, GA coasts
okra soup n • chiefly SC (MAP)
one adv C1 • chiefly coastal SC
out adv, v, adj, prep, n, exclam (pronc) • eVA, SC
out v C3 • chiefly eSC, eGA (MAP)
outen v 1 • chiefly PA; also SC (MAP)
pa n A3 (pronc) • chiefly Mid Atl, esp SC (MAP)
packhouse n • esp GA, NC, eSC, VA (MAP)
palement n • GA, SC
papa n2 (pronc) • esp SC |ˈpæpə, pəˈpæ|
passage n • Sth, S Midl, esp SC
persimmon beer n • chiefly Sth, esp SC (MAP)
peruse v • Sth, esp SC, GA
pilau n1 • chiefly SC, GA, FL (MAP)
pine-bark stew n • NC, SC
pinto n2 • chiefly SC, GA
plat-eye n • SC
pluff adj 1 • chiefly SC
plunder n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SC
poisonberry n 1 • SC
pontop prep • SC, GA coasts
poor joe n2 2 • chiefly GA, SC
potato n A4 (pronc) • esp SC, GA
praise house n • SC, GA
pride of India n 1 • esp SC
pull one’s foot v phr • seSC
racktify v • esp SC
redhorse bread n • SC
rice hook n • esp SC
roost n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, SC, TX, W Midl, esp IN (MAP)
sailor’s choice n 1a • esp NC, SC
salt n 1 • esp SC, GA coasts
sand chicken n • SC
sandhiller n 1 • Sth, esp GA, SC
sanguillah n • SC
scuppernong n • chiefly SE, esp SC, GA (MAP)
she-crab soup n • coastal SC
sheself pron • SC
she-she talk n • sSC, GA coasts
shout n 1 • Sth, esp sSC, GA coasts
shout v 2 • chiefly sSC, GA coasts
sieva bean n • esp SC
slipstone n • GA, SC
soo cat n • SC
stand v 1 • seSC
strike v B1 • chiefly S Atl, esp SC
stump-hole liquor n • Sth, S Midl, esp NC, SC (MAP)
Summerville Indian n • SC
sweet pitcher plant n • esp NC, SC
swonger adj • seSC, eGA
syrup candy n • chiefly Gulf States, GA, SC (MAP)
tabby n • SE, esp GA, SC
table tapper n • esp GA, SC, eNC
task n • GA, SC
tee-niny adj • Sth, S Midl, esp SC (MAP)
toad n 7 • SC, GA coasts
trash mover n 2 • SE, esp NC, SC
trotline n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, W Midl, Cent, TX, SC (MAP)
trunk n 1 • SC
trust-me-God n • seSC
Turk n2 • cSC
tussock liquor n • SC
we pron • chiefly SC, GA coasts
we adj • SC, GA coasts
weather house n • SC, GA, AL
where adv, conj, pron A3 (pronc) • sSC, GA coast
whiteshank n • SC
white shirt n • FL, GA, SC
worriation n • chiefly Mid Atl, esp SC, NC
yard ax n 2 • esp SC
yard child n 1 • SC, GA
yellowbelly cooter n • chiefly SC, GA (MAP)
bloodynoun n • chiefly SC, esp Charleston area
boomalally n • SC, esp Charleston
farmhand n • NW, ND, SD
hunyak n 2 • MT, ND, SD, WY
slushburger n • ND, SD
stone johnny n • esp ND, SD
stubbleberry n • esp ND, SD
tavern n • chiefly nwIA, seSD
alligator buttons n • SE
alligator grass n • chiefly SE
alligator lily n • SE, esp FL
amyroot n • prob SE
apple of Sodom n • SE
awendaw n • SE, esp SC
bear foot n • chiefly SE
bull snake n • formerly widespread SE; now esp Missip-Ohio Valleys and westward (MAP)
Carolina vanilla n • SE
cedar moss n • SE
Cherokee bean n • SE
cholera n (pronc) • freq in SE, less common in other areas
chunk v 3 • chiefly SE
congo eel n 2 • SE
conjure v • chiefly SE (MAP)
cowitch n 2 • chiefly SE (MAP)
cut down ppl adj 1 • chiefly SE
death owl n • chiefly SE
deer-tongue n 1 • SE
dog’s tongue n 3 • chiefly SE
dollar weed n 1 • chiefly SE
do what interrog exclam • chiefly SE
duck n 5 • chiefly SE (MAP)
dwarf palmetto n 1 • chiefly SE
elbow, go (all) around one's v phr • chiefly SE, esp NC (MAP)
feeder n 5 • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent, SE (MAP)
fever grass n • SE
field hawk n • chiefly SE, C Atl
field pine n 1 • chiefly SE, Gulf States
flat n1 3 • chiefly Missip and Ohio R Valleys, SE coast
floating island n 1 • chiefly SE
flycatcher n 4 • chiefly SE
flytrap n 2 • chiefly SE
fodder shower n • SE
Georgia bark n • chiefly SE
G.I. haircut n • scattered, but more freq C and Mid Atl, SE (MAP)
goober n1 1 • widespread, but chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, SW (MAP)
gopher frog n • chiefly SE
gourdhead n 1 • SE
*green pepper n 1 • widespread exc SE, Lower Missip Valley (MAP and Map Section)
hag n 1 • esp SE
hagride v • esp SE
hairydick n • chiefly SE
*handle n B1 • scattered exc SE (MAP)
hassle v • chiefly SE
highland moccasin n • chiefly SE (MAP)
hog-head hash n • esp SE
horse guard n • chiefly SE
horse lot n 1 • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
hot stick n • esp SE, Gulf States
hound’s-tongue n 2 • chiefly SE
jarhead n 1 • chiefly SE (MAP)
jasmine n 2a • esp SE
joog v • chiefly SE, esp SC
July fly n 1 • chiefly SE (MAP)
kerosene oil n • scattered, but esp SE, NEast (MAP and Map Section)
*kitchen broom n • scattered, but less freq C and Mid Atl, SE (MAP)
last pea in the dish n • chiefly SE (MAP)
locust beer n • chiefly SE
loggerhead shrike n • chiefly SE
long drawers n pl • scattered, but chiefly SE, C Atl, seNY (MAP)
lord god n 1 • chiefly SE, esp Gulf States (MAP)
maypop n 1 • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley
mudfish n a • chiefly SE
mulefoot n2 • esp SE
nettle rash n • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
popgun elder n • esp SE
pounding mill n a • SE
rabbit tobacco n 1a • chiefly SE, VA (MAP)
raise v C2a • SE
raise v C2b • esp SE
red wagon n • chiefly SE (MAP)
red wiggler n • chiefly SE (MAP)
reel n • SE
rise v A1a • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, SW; also NEast (MAP)
rise v A2b • scattered, but esp SE, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
rooster spur (pepper) n • SE
rooter n 1 • chiefly SE
Saint-John’s-weed n • chiefly SE
sand gnat n • scattered, but chiefly SE (MAP)
sand martin n 2 • SE
sandspur n • SE (MAP)
saw frame n • esp SE (MAP)
scaly bark n • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
scrap iron n • esp SE
scratcher n 2 • scattered, but esp Midl, SE (MAP)
scuppernong n • chiefly SE, esp SC, GA (MAP)
section harrow n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, SE (MAP)
seed-sower n • SE
setback n 2 • chiefly SE, Mid Atl, Appalachians, CT (MAP)
set hook n • esp SE
shirttail n 2 • SE
shower of rain n • esp SE (MAP)
side v 3 • esp SE
skull orchard n • chiefly Appalachians, SE (MAP)
slam adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SE
snakeberry n 4 • SE
snake hawk n 1 • chiefly SE
snook n2 • esp SE, NEast
sop n 1 • chiefly W Midl, SE, West exc TX (MAP)
sorry adj B1 • scattered, but esp SE, Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
stave v 4 • chiefly SE; less freq NEast
stick broom n • chiefly SE, esp S Atl (MAP)
streak of lean n • chiefly SE (MAP)
stretch flow n • SE
suckhole n 2 • esp Mid Atl, SE (MAP)
suption n1 • SE, Gulf States
swamp haw n • SE
swamp laurel n 1 • chiefly SE
swamp primrose n • esp SE
tabby n • SE, esp GA, SC
telephone v B • chiefly SE, S Midl (MAP)
tight n • chiefly SE, TX, OK (MAP)
tilly hawk n • chiefly SE (MAP)
tomato n A3 (pronc) • NEast, SE
toothache tree n • esp SE
transfer truck n • chiefly SE, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
trash mover n 2 • SE, esp NC, SC
tumbleset n, v • chiefly SE, Gulf States; also NEast (MAP)
tush n A1 (pronc) • chiefly SE, sAppalachians (MAP)
weeky-day n • chiefly SE, esp GA
whicker n1, v • chiefly SE, Mid Atl (MAP)
whopper-jawed adj 1 • chiefly C and Mid Atl, SE, N Cent (MAP)
willow cat n a • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley
yard ax n • chiefly SE
about to die adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
admire v A • chiefly NEng, S Midl
admire v B1 • chiefly NEng, S Midl, and settlement areas
after prep B2 • chiefly S Midl
afterdinner n • chiefly S Midl
aggie forti(e)s n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
aggravate v B • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
aggravating ppl adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
aim v • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl
airish adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
airn pron • Sth, S Midl
all-overs n pl 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
all sorts of adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
all the • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
all (the) time adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
almanac n (pronc) • chiefly NEng, S Midl
already adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
aluminum n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
a many a adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ambeer n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ancient adj, n (pronc) • S Midl
anigh prep • esp Sth, S Midl
antic adj 1 • chiefly S Midl
antic n • S Midl
antigodlin adj, adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
antigoglin adj, adv • Sth, S Midl, West
anxious bench n • chiefly N Atl, Sth, S Midl
anyways adv 1 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
anyways adv 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
apricot n B • chiefly S Midl
arbor n B1 • S Midl
argufy v • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
article n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
ashcake n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ashy adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
as the feller says adv phr • chiefly NEng, S Midl
atwixt prep • now chiefly S Midl
auger-eyed adj • S Midl
aunt n A2 (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, less freq Sth
awful adj 3 • Sth, S Midl
back v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
back v 7 • esp S Midl
back and forth v phr • S Midl
back back v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
backed up adj phr • S Midl
backings n • S Midl
backset n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
back-step n • S Midl
back yonder adv • chiefly S Midl
bacon n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bad adj B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bad man n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bad off adj phr 2 • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bad pay n • Sth, S Midl
bad sick adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, but esp Inland Sth (MAP)
bait n 1b • chiefly S Midl, West
bait n 1d • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bait n 2 • Sth, S Midl
bald n • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
ballad n (pronc) • chiefly in S Midl
ballad n B • chiefly S Midl
ball shoe n • ?chiefly S Midl
bandy-shanked adj • prob Sth, S Midl
bare adj (pronc) • esp S Midl
bark v1 1 • S Midl
bark v2 1 • chiefly S Midl
barking exercise n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
bar off v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
basket meeting n • Sth, S Midl
bath v • ?chiefly Sth, S Midl
battercake n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
battle n1 • S Midl
battle v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
battling block n • chiefly S Midl
battling stick n • Sth, S Midl
bawling-hound n • S Midl
be v Al (pronc) • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl
be v A2 (pronc) • widespread, esp NEng, S Midl
be v A5 (pronc) • formerly widespread, now chiefly S Midl
be v B3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
be v B3c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
be v B4a • chiefly S Midl
be v B6 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
beans, not to know v phr c • esp Sth, S Midl
bear v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bear-hug v • chiefly S Midl
beast n A • chiefly S Midl
beast n B1 • Sth, S Midl, NEng
beast n B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
beaten biscuit n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp KY, MD, VA (MAP)
beatenest adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
beau dollar n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
because conj (pronc) • in Sth, S Midl
bed n A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bed n B1 • Sth, S Midl
bedpost v • S Midl
bedstead n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bee gum n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
beeler n • S Midl
bee martin n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bees swarm phr • S Midl
bee stand n • chiefly S Midl
beetleweed n • chiefly S Midl
*beet tops n pl • widespread, but least freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
before-day n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
begin v A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
begin v A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
begone v • chiefly S Midl
behind a dime adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid Atl (MAP)
beholden adj • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
being conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
bell cow n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
bellows n, v (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl
bellows n, v A2 • esp S Midl (formerly also NEng)
bell pepper n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
belly-rub n, v • chiefly S Midl
belly washer n 1 • ?Sth, S Midl
belong v B • Sth, S Midl
benasty v • esp S Midl
bench-legged adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bend n1 • chiefly S Midl
benighted ppl adj • formerly widespread, now chiefly S Midl
betsy bug n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp AR, KY
betwixt prep • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
beyond prep, adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
biddable adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bid whist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
biff n1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
biff v • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
big adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
big adj 2 • chiefly S Midl
big v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
big dog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SC (MAP and Map Section)
biggity adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
big hominy n • Sth, S Midl
big house n 2 • chiefly S Midl
big Ike n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
big meeting n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
big time n • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl
bill n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
billfolder n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bird n A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bird n B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
birth v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
birthing vbl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
biscuit n A • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
biscuit n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
biscuit bread n • chiefly S Midl
biscuit-eater n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
-bit suff • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bite v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
biting ppl adj • S Midl
bitter adj 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bitterweed milk n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
black-and-tan n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blackberry storm n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blackberry winter n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
black dark n • prob Sth, S Midl
black Dutch n • esp common Sth, S Midl
black-eyed Susie n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blackguard v C2 • chiefly S Midl
blackguard adj D • chiefly S Midl
blackguarding ppl adj • chiefly S Midl
blackguarding vbl n • chiefly S Midl
black gum n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
black haw n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
blackjack oak n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
black man n 1 • esp common Sth, S Midl
black racer n 1 • chiefly S Midl (Map Section)
blacktongue n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
blade n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blade fodder n • chiefly S Midl
blate n, v A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
blate v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bleed v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bless out v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blind bridle n • scattered, but esp common Sth, S Midl
blink n1 • chiefly S Midl
blinked ppl adj • chiefly S Midl
blip n, intj • prob Sth, S Midl
blizzard n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blockade n • chiefly S Midl
blockade v • chiefly S Midl
blockader n • chiefly S Midl
block and tickle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blood boil n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blood kin n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bloodshotten adj • chiefly S Midl, Sth
bloom n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blouse n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
blow n2 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blow v1 A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, and scattered Nth (MAP)
blow fire (out) v phr • Sth, S Midl
blow horn n • chiefly S Midl
blubber n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blubber v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blue adj 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blue catfish n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp lower Missip Valley (MAP)
blue gum n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blue-gummed adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blue hen’s chicken n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blue john n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
blunt n2 • chiefly S Midl
boar n attrib • chiefly Sth, S Midl
board n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
board tree n • chiefly S Midl
bobble n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bodacious adj, adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bodaciously adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
body waist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bogue v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
boguish adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
boil n1, v (pronc) • S Midl
boiled custard n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
boiling n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
bold hives n 2 • chiefly S Midl
bone felon n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
bone idle adj • chiefly S Midl
booger n1 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
booger n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
booger v1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW
boogerbear n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
boogerman n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bookity-book adv, n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
books n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
boresome adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
born v tr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
born days n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
borning vbl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
borrow v A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl and NEng, esp ME
bosh n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
botherate v • esp S Midl
bots n pl 1 • chiefly S Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
bottom n 8 • Sth, S Midl
boundary n • chiefly S Midl
bounden adj • chiefly S Midl
box n 2 • Sth, S Midl
box n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
box v2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
box house n 1 • chiefly S Midl, esp Ozarks
boxing n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
box, off one’s adj phr • chiefly S Midl
boy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
brake n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX
branch n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
branch water n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
brand-fire-new adj phr • chiefly S Midl
bray n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bread n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bread v • chiefly Midl, esp S Midl
break n1 5 • esp Sth, S Midl
break v C3 • chiefly S Midl
break v C5 • chiefly S Midl
breakdown n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
break it off in v phr • Sth, S Midl
bream n (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl
bream n B3 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
breath harp n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bridle blind n • esp S Midl
brier n 2 • esp S Midl
brier hook n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bright adj 1 • chiefly S Atl, S Midl
bring v A (pronc) • in Sth, S Midl
bring v C4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
britches n pl 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
britches n pl 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
britches n pl 2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
broad n • esp S Midl
brogan n 1 • widespread, but esp common in Sth, S Midl (MAP)
broiler house n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
broken vein n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*broody n • widespread, but least freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
broom sedge n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
brother n A1 • esp Sth, S Midl
brother n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
brought-on ppl adj • chiefly S Midl
bruise v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
brush n, v1 A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
brush n, v1 A2 • chiefly S Midl
brush n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
brush v2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
brush broom n1 • Sth, S Midl
brute n • chiefly S Midl, occas NEng
bubba n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bubblegum machine n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bubby n1 1 • scattered, but esp S Midl
buck v1 B6c • chiefly S Midl
buck-and-wing n • widely known, but used esp Sth, S Midl
*buckboard n 1 • widespread, but less freq in Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bucket n 2a • chiefly S Midl, Sth
bud n2 1a • widespread, but esp common in Sth, S Midl
bug n1 8 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bug n1 14c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bugaboo n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
bugger n1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bughouse n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
build the fence v phr • esp S Midl
bulge n, v (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl
bulge v C • esp S Midl
bull n 1 • Sth, S Midl
bull v • chiefly S Midl
bullbat n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, SW, scattered S Midl (MAP)
bullfrogs, rain v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bullgrass n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
bullnose pepper n • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bull of the woods n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Pacific (MAP)
bull-roarer n 1a • chiefly S Midl
bull tongue n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bumblebee adj • Sth, S Midl
bumfuzzle v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bump n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bundle n, v1 (pronc) • in Sth, S Midl
burnout n 1 • S Midl
burying n • Sth, S Midl
bush ax n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid Atl (MAP)
bush hog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
bush hog v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
buss v1 • chiefly S Midl
bust v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
busthead n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
butternut n 3 • esp S Midl
butternut n 4 • esp S Midl
buttonhole n 1 • chiefly S Midl
buzzard bait n • esp S Midl
buzzard roost n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SC, TX (MAP)
buzzard-wing sweep n • Sth, S Midl
by prep 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
byword n • chiefly S Midl
cabbage n A2a • esp S Midl, NEng
cackle v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cadgy adj • chiefly S Midl
calf-eyes n • prob Sth, S Midl
calf-rope, holler v phr • chiefly S Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
calf-slobber(s) n • chiefly S Midl, SW
call v 11 • S Midl
call v 12 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
call by v phr • prob S Midl
called to straw adj • S Midl
call hogs v phr • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
camphor n • esp in S Midl
can v1 1b (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl
candle n A (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl
candy breaking n • S Midl
candy pulling n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast, CA (MAP)
cap n1 2a • chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
cap n1 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cap v 4 • Sth, S Midl
captain n B2 • Sth, S Midl
captain n B3 • chiefly S Midl
car n1 (pronc) • esp in S Midl
carbuncle n (pronc) • esp in S Midl
carcass n • perh esp Sth, S Midl
card n1 (pronc) • esp in S Midl
careen v • chiefly S Midl
car house n • Sth, S Midl
carpet, on the adj phr • Sth, S Midl, esp NC, TX, AR (MAP)
carrion n (pronc) • esp in S Midl
carry v (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
carry v B1 • formerly freq in NEng; now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
carry v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
car shed n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cash money n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cat n 3c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cat n 8 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
catabias adj, adv • chiefly Midl, esp S Midl
catamount n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast
cat-and-clay n • S Midl
catawampus n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
catawba n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OH, IN (MAP)
catch v B9 • Sth, S Midl
catch v B10 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
catch ’im v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
catch-pain n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
catercorner adj A1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cathead n • Sth, S Midl
cave-in n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cavort v • orig chiefly Sth, S Midl, now widespread
cedar pencil n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cement n, v, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
certain adj, adv (pronc) • esp NEast, Sth, S Midl
chair n (pronc) • Sth and S Midl, scattered in PA, NEng
chairbacker n • Sth, S Midl
chamber lye n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
chance n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chap n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chartered adj • Sth, S Midl
check n1 3 • Sth, S Midl
checkline n 2 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
cheep v • chiefly S Midl
cheese n A • chiefly S Midl
chess pie n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chew one’s bit(s) v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chew one’s tobacco v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chickamy chickamy craney crow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Chickasaw plum n • chiefly S Midl
chicken crow n • S Midl
chicken-eater n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chicken fight n 1 • chiefly S Midl, esp KY, MD
chickoo intj • Sth, S Midl
chifforobe n • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chiggerweed n • chiefly S Midl
child n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
child n A2 (pronc) • chiefly nNEng, Sth, S Midl
child n A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
child n A3 • Sth, S Midl
chill bumps n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chill tonic n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chimney n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chimney sweep n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
china n (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
chinch n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chinchy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chink v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chinquapin n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
chitterlings n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chocolate drop n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
Christmas n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Christmas n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Christmas Eve n • ?chiefly Sth, S Midl
Christmas gift exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Christmas tree n 3 • chiefly Sth, nNEng, also S Midl (MAP)
chuffy adj2 • chiefly S Midl
chug v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chug-full adj • S Midl
chughole n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
chunk-floater n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
chunk of fire n • chiefly S Midl
church v 2 • chiefly S Midl
church house n • chiefly S Midl, Sth
ciphering vbl n • chiefly S Midl
circumstance n B2 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
city sparrow n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY, SC
civil adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
clabber cheese n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
clap in, clap out n • esp Sth, S Midl, NEng
claybank adj • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
clean one’s plow v phr • esp S Midl
clear n, v, adv, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
clearing n • S Midl
clever adj 3 • formerly NEng, now chiefly Sth, S Midl
climb v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
clod buster n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
club n 1 • once general, now chiefly S Midl
coat n 2 • Sth, S Midl
cobbler n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
coca-cola n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW
cock n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cod n1 1 • chiefly S Midl
coffin tack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
coil v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cold-trail v 1 • ?chiefly S Midl
collard n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
collogue v 1 • chiefly S Midl
colonel n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
come v A5b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
come v B5 • esp S Midl
come by v phr 1 • chiefly S Midl
come by v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
come-by-chance n • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
come-off n 1 • Sth, S Midl
come on v phr 3 • chiefly S Midl
come sick v phr • Sth, S Midl
come through v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
come up v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
come up v phr 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
comfort n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
common adj 1 • chiefly S Midl
common adj 2 • chiefly S Midl, occas NEng
company room n • Sth, S Midl
confidence v • chiefly S Midl
contrary v • chiefly S Midl
cookie n1 2 • Sth, S Midl
cookroom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cooling room n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
coon n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
coon v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
coon dog n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
coonhunt v • chiefly S Midl
coop n1 (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
copperas n attrib • chiefly Sth, S Midl
corn v 1 • ?chiefly S Midl
corn dodger n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
corner n1 (pronc) • esp in Sth, S Midl
cornfield pea n • Sth, S Midl
corn light bread n • Sth, S Midl
corn malt n • ?S Midl
corn patty n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
corn shucking n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
corporosity n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
corruption n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
co-sheep(ie) n • chiefly S Midl
co-sheep(ie) v phr • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
cost v A1 (pronc) • esp in S Midl
cottonhead n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
counterpin n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
country n B1 • esp S Midl
cove n1 3 • esp S Midl
cow critter n • chiefly S Midl
crab-apple switch n • Sth, S Midl, esp MS
crabgrass n 1 • chiefly S Midl
crackling bread n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
crackloo n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cramp-colic n • scattered Sth, S Midl
crawfish adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
crawl v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cream gravy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
creature n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl, and NEng
credit n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
creece n • chiefly S Midl
creel v • ?S Midl
creep v A • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cribber n • chiefly S Midl
crimpy adj • esp S Midl
cringe v, n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
cripple v • S Midl
crook nose n • prob chiefly Sth, S Midl
crop n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
crop n B1 • prob chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
crop v 3 • ?S Midl
cropper n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
cross v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
crossways adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
crowder n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
crystal n (pronc) • S Midl
cuckleburr n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
cull list, on the adj phr • S Midl
cur dog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cure n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cure out v phr • Sth, S Midl
cure up v phr • chiefly S Midl
curiosity n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
curious adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
curious adj B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
curl n, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
cushaw n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cuss-fight n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cut n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cut v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cut a rusty v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cut off v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cut on v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
cut one’s eyes v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cut one’s foot v phr • esp S Midl
cutter n1 7 • chiefly S Midl
cut the pigeon(’s) wing v phr • esp S Midl
cymling n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
cymling-head n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dad n2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
daddy n 1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
daddy n 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dairy house n • esp Sth, S Midl
dam-buster n • esp Sth, S Midl
davenette n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
*davenport n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
day and time n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dead adj B1 • Sth, S Midl
dead adj B3 • Sth, S Midl
deadbeat v • esp Sth, S Midl
dead cat on the line n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
deadening n 1 • chiefly S Midl
dead lice are falling off, like adv phr • chiefly S Midl, Sth
deadline n • Sth, S Midl
deadwood n • chiefly S Midl, West
death bell n • S Midl
declare v • Sth, S Midl
deedie n • Sth, S Midl
deep-water Baptist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
delicate adj • esp Sth, S Midl
den n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
den v • esp Sth, S Midl
despise v • Sth, S Midl
dest n • esp Sth, S Midl
destructious adj • S Midl
devil n B2 • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl
devil n B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
devil and Tom Walker, the n • chiefly NEng, S Midl
devilish adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
devilment n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
devil’s footstool n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
devil’s horse n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
devil’s horse n 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
devil’s shoestring n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
devil’s-snuffbox n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dew n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
dew poison n • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
diamond n (pronc) • esp S Midl
didapper n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
diddle v 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
dido n 1 • widespread, but esp NEng, Sth, S Midl
diffabitterance n • chiefly S Midl
differ n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
differ v • Sth, S Midl
diggings n pl • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
dike v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dilatory adj • S Midl
dinner on the ground(s) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dinner pot n • esp Sth, S Midl
dip n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dip v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dipper n 6 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dipping stick n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
directly adv, conj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
directly adv, conj B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dirk n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dirt dauber n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
discipline n, v (pronc) • chiefly S Midl
disencourage v • chiefly S Midl
disfurnish v 1 • S Midl, Sth
disgust v • S Midl
dish n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dish-face n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dish-faced adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dishrag gourd n • chiefly S Midl
disremember v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dive v 1 • Sth, S Midl, nNEng
dive v 2 • Sth, S Midl
do n1 5a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
do v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid and S Atl
do v B6 • esp Sth, S Midl
do v C5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
do v C6 • esp S Midl
do v D2 • Sth, S Midl
do around v phr • Sth, S Midl
doctor v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
doctor v 2 • chiefly S Midl
doctor woman n 2 • Sth, S Midl
doddly adj • S Midl
dodger n1 1 • Sth, S Midl
dog n1 (pronc) • chiefly NEng, S Midl
dog n1 B7 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dog n1 B17a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dog n1 B17d • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dog v 6 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dogbread n • Sth, S Midl
dog drunk adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dogfall n 1 • chiefly S Midl
dog fennel n 1 • chiefly S Midl, Sth
dog fennel n 4 • chiefly S Midl, Sth
doggery n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dog iron n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dogleg n • esp S Midl
dog my cats intj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dogpelter n • chiefly S Midl
dog run n • chiefly S Midl, occas Sth
dog’s bait n • Sth, S Midl
dog tick n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dogtrot n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dogwood winter n • chiefly S Midl
doing n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
doing n 2 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
do-less adj • chiefly S Midl
doll baby n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
doll rags n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
domestic n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dominicker n 1 • scattered, but chiefly S Midl
done adv • Sth, S Midl
doodlebug n 1 • Sth, S Midl
doodl(e)y squat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dose n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dote v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
doty adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
double-back-action adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
double cabin n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
double-dog dare v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
double-jointed adj 1 • S Midl, Sth
double-pen(ned) adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
double shovel plow n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
double shuffle n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, orig also NEng
double-u n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
doublings n pl • chiefly S Midl
doughbelly n 4 • chiefly S Midl
doughface n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*doughnut hole n • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
down adj D5 • chiefly S Midl
down n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
down-and-out adj 3 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
downspout n • esp S Midl
down the country, give one v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
draft n1 B4 • chiefly S Midl
drag v B2 • chiefly S Midl
drag v B5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
drag harrow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dragon n B1 • esp Sth, S Midl
drain v, n1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
dram n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
dram v1 • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
draw n 1b • esp S Midl
draw v B1 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
draw v B2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
draw v C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
draw v C3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
draw v C4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
draw v C7 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
drawbar n 1 • formerly NEng, now chiefly S Midl
*dray n 2 • widespread, but less freq S Midl, Cent
dream v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
drindle v • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
drip n 2 • chiefly S Midl
driprock n • chiefly S Midl
drive n 8 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
drive v B2 • now esp Sth, S Midl
drive one’s ducks to a poor market v phr • chiefly S Midl, Sth
droll adj 1 • Sth, S Midl
drop n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
drop n C1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly S Midl
drop v D1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
drop one’s candy v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
dropsy n1 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
*drought n A3 (pronc) • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl
drown the miller v phr 2 • esp S Midl
drug n1 • chiefly S Midl
drummer n 6 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dry drizzle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dry fly n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dry grin n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
drying cloth n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dry-land turtle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, SW (MAP and Map Section)
dry so adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dry so adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dubious adj A2 • Sth, S Midl
dubious adj A3 • chiefly S Midl, also NEng, Sth
duckbill n 2 • S Midl
duck butter n 1 • chiefly S Midl
*duck soup n • widespread, but less freq S Midl (MAP)
due adj, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dull adj 3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
dumb bull n 1 • esp S Midl
durn v, intj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
dusky dark n • chiefly S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
dust n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*Dutchman n 1 • widespread exc Sth, S Midl (MAP)
d.w.i. n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
each and every pron • S Midl
ear n1 (pronc) • S Midl
earbob n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
early candlelight n • chiefly S Midl
earn v • chiefly S Midl
earth n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ease v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
east n2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
easy adj 3 • Sth, S Midl
eat v A2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
eat v A2b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
eat v A3a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
eat v A3b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
eat v B2 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
eat v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
eating joint n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
-ed suff 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-ed suff 3 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
-ed suff 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
eddy n 1 • scattered, but esp freq S Midl
eel n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
egg n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl
egg n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast
egg v1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
egg bread n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp GA (MAP)
egg custard (pie) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp MS (MAP)
egg-sucker n 1 • Sth, S Midl
egg turner n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
element n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
eleven adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ellenyard n • Sth, S Midl
elm n (pronc) • widespread but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl
end n, v A1 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
end of one’s row n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, exc Mid Atl
enduring adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
enduring prep • Sth, S Midl
equal n, v, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-er • chiefly S Midl; also NEast
-er affix 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-es suff1 1b • Sth, S Midl
-es suff1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-est superl suff • chiefly Sth, S Midl
evening n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
event n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ever adj • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp TX (MAP)
ever adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ever adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
ever adv C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
everlasting adj, adv • chiefly NEng, S Midl
exactly adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
except(ing) conj B • Sth, S Midl
expect v (pronc) • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
extra adj B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
eye n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
eyebright n 3 • chiefly S Midl
eyes n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fact n, v A1 • chiefly S Midl
faint n • S Midl
fainty adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fair off v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fall off v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fall out v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
family n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
far adv, adj1 B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
far adv, adj1 B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
far adv, adj1 B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
far adv, adj1 C2 • chiefly S Midl
far adv, adj1 C4 • chiefly S Midl
far piece n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, N Cent (MAP)
farrowing house n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fat adj2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fatback n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEast (MAP)
fat pine n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fatty-bread n • chiefly S Midl
fault v B1 • chiefly S Midl
faunch v 1 • chiefly S Midl, West
favor n B1 • Sth, S Midl
favor v C1 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
favorance n 1 • S Midl
favorite n, adj (pronc) • esp S Midl
feather v 5 • S Midl
feather-legged adj • Sth, S Midl
feature v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, ME
feel of v phr • chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP)
feel one’s keeping v phr • chiefly S Midl
feist n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
feisty adj 1 • chiefly S Midl
feisty adj 2 • chiefly S Midl
fence n, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
fertilize n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fescue n • chiefly S Midl, S Atl (MAP)
fessor n • chiefly S Midl, Sth
fetch v (pronc) • esp S Midl
fetch v A1 • esp S Midl
fetch v A2 • esp S Midl
fetched ppl adj, adv • chiefly S Midl
few, a adj phr • Sth, S Midl
fiddle, fine as a adj phr • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
field n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
field lark n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
field pea n • Sth, S Midl
fight v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
fight a circular saw v phr • Sth, S Midl
fighting adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fightingest adj • esp S Midl
filling n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
filling n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
find v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
finger n B1c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
finish n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
fire n B2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
fire v C10 • chiefly S Midl
fire and tow n • chiefly NEng, S Midl, Sth
fireboard n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
firebox n 1a • esp Sth, S Midl
fire coal n • chiefly S Midl
fire, come to borrow v phr • scattered, but esp S Midl
*firefly n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
first shot n • Sth, S Midl
fish n, v, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fish fry n • scattered Missip-Ohio Valleys, Sth, S Midl
fist n1 (pronc) • esp S Midl
fist and skull adj phr, adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Fist City n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fitten adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
five-up n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
fix v B1c • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fix v B1e • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, N Cent (MAP)
fixy adj • chiefly S Midl
fizz n1 1 • esp S Midl
fizzle n 1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
flag lily n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
flambeau n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
flannen n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
flat-footed adv • chiefly S Midl, Sth
flatform n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
flatwoods n pl 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fleak n1 • S Midl
fleak v • S Midl
flesh n (pronc) • S Midl
flesh crawl, make one’s v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fleshen up v phr • Sth, S Midl
flinders n pl • chiefly NEng, S Midl, Sth
fling v B1 • chiefly S Midl
flirt v 1 • Sth, S Midl
flitter n1 2a • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
flitter n1 5 • Sth, S Midl
flour bread n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
flour gravy n • now esp Sth, S Midl
flunky n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
fluttermill n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
flyflap n 2 • Sth, S Midl
flying jenny n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
flyswat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fly up v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fodder n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fodder bean n • S Midl
fodder-pulling vbl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fodder-pulling time n • chiefly S Midl
fodder stack n • Sth, S Midl
fodder time n 2 • chiefly S Midl
folk n B2 • Sth, S Midl
follow v B1 • chiefly S Midl
fool adj • formerly widespread, now esp Sth, S Midl
fool v 1b • scattered, but chiefly S Midl, Gulf States, Cent (MAP)
foolish adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
foolishment n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
foot intj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
foot n C5a • Sth, S Midl
foot n C5b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
foot adz n • chiefly S Midl, West
footback adv • esp S Midl
foot evil n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
footlog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
foot washing n • chiefly S Midl
foot-washing Baptist n • Sth, S Midl
for prep B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
for a little (bit) adv phr • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
forehead n (pronc) • esp NEng, NYC, Sth, S Midl
foreparent n • chiefly S Midl
fork n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*forty winks n pl • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
for what I care adv phr • S Midl
for why adv • chiefly S Midl
fotch-on ppl adj • chiefly S Midl
foul adj • S Midl
foundation n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
four adj, n (pronc) • wNEng, Inland Nth, S Midl
*four-flusher n • scattered exc Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fox fire n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fox horn n • chiefly S Midl
fox in the morning n 1 • chiefly S Midl
fox race n • S Midl
fraction n 1 • S Midl
frail n 1 • chiefly S Midl, NEast (MAP)
frail v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frame n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
franzy adj 1 • Sth, S Midl
franzy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fray n • chiefly S Midl
frazzle n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frazzle v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frazzled (out) ppl adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frazzle-headed adj • S Midl
frazzling adj • Sth, S Midl
frazzling n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
freak n 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
freehearted adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
freestone water n • chiefly S Midl
freeze v A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
freeze v A3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
freeze v A4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
freeze on to v phr • chiefly NEast, S Midl
fresh adj (pronc) • esp S Midl
fresh n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fried pie n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
fringe tree n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
fritter n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
fritter n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fritter-minded adj • S Midl
frog n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frog n B3 • esp Sth, S Midl
frog-eye gravy n • chiefly S Midl
frog hair n 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frog in the meadow n • chiefly S Midl
frogskin n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frogs, rain v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frogsticker (knife) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frogstool n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frog-strangler n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
frolic n 1 • chiefly S Midl
fruit n 1 • chiefly S Midl
fry n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
frying size adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
full v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
full-handed adj • S Midl
fun v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
funeral n B1 • esp S Midl
funeral n B2 • esp S Midl
funeralize v • Sth, S Midl
funeralizing n • S Midl, esp KY
funk n • chiefly S Midl
funk v • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
funky adj 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
funky chicken n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
funnel v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fur n2 • Sth, S Midl
fuss n, v (pronc) • chiefly S Midl
fuss n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fuss v C3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
fuss v C4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
gaily adj • S Midl
gald v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
gall n2 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp VA
gallant v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
gallinipper n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl (MAP)
gambling stick n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
game chicken n • esp S Midl
gander pulling n • chiefly S Midl, Sth
gang n 1 • appar now chiefly S Midl
gap n1 2 • now chiefly S Midl, Sth
gape v, n (pronc) • esp S Midl
garb n1, v (pronc) • esp S Midl, Sth
garbroth n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
garden n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
gather v B2 • esp S Midl
gaum n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, but also NEng
gaum v1 3 • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
gear n 1 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
gear v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
gear house n • esp Sth, S Midl
gentle v • esp S Midl
Georgia n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
Georgia buggy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
get about v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
get away with v phr 2 • S Midl, Sth
get behind v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl (MAP)
get down v phr 1a • esp Sth, S Midl
get fair v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
get gone v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
get oneself a cook v phr • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
get religion v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
get up v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
get up v phr 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
gin conj2 • Sth, S Midl
ginger cake n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
girl n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
girt n • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
give v A1c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
give v A3b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
give v B2 • esp Sth, S Midl
given out adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
give out v phr • chiefly S Midl, Sth
give up v phr 1 • chiefly S Midl
glass snake n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
glib adj • chiefly S Midl
glue n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
glut n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
glutton n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
gnat’s eyebrow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
go v A4a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
go v A4b • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
go v C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
go v C2 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
golly-whopper n • chiefly S Midl
gonnies n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
goober pea n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
good fashion adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
good god n 1 • Sth, S Midl
good man n • Midl, esp S Midl
google n • esp Sth, S Midl
goop v1 • esp S Midl, Sth
goose n B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
gooseneck hoe n • esp S Midl
goosey adj 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
goozle n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
gosling n 1 • chiefly S Midl
gouge v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
gourd n 3 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
gourdseed corn n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
grab v • esp Sth, S Midl
grabble v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
grabble v 2 • Sth, S Midl
grader ditch n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
grain n 1 • now esp S Midl
grain n 2 • esp S Midl
grandboy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
granddaddy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
granddaddy n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grandma n A5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grandma n A10 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
grandpa n A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grandsire n • chiefly NEng, S Midl
granny n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
granny n 7 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
granny v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
granny woman n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grass n 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
grass blade n • esp Sth, S Midl
grassnut n 1 • Sth, S Midl
gravel n • esp S Midl
gravel v1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
grease lamp n • chiefly S Midl
greasy bean n • esp S Midl
great adj, adv, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng
great long adj phr • chiefly S Midl
greedygut(s) n 2 • esp S Midl
green v 1 • S Midl
green fingers n pl • chiefly S Midl
green fly n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
green hand n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
green snake n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
grind rock n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grit v • chiefly S Midl
gritchel n • Sth, S Midl
grits n pl 1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
gritted bread n • chiefly S Midl
gritter n • chiefly S Midl
ground frog n • esp S Midl
groundhog case n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
groundhog thrasher n • esp S Midl
ground itch n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
grow v 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
grow v 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
growing moon n • esp Sth, S Midl
grow off v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
guitar n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
gully dirt n • Sth, S Midl
gum v3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
gumption n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
guttering n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
guy v • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
gyp n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hack v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hacked ppl adj1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hagberry n • esp Sth, S Midl
hain’t v • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
hair n C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hair ball n • S Midl
half in two adv phr, adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
half-leg deep adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
half-moon pie n • esp S Midl
halvers n pl • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
ham-meat n • S Midl
hamper n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hand n B1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
hand n B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hand broom n • chiefly S Midl, Mid Atl (MAP)
handle n B3 • now esp Sth, S Midl
hand running adv phr 1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl
handwrite n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*hangman n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hang the moon v phr • chiefly S Midl
happen v B2 • chiefly S Midl
happen-so n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
happy adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hard down adj phr • Sth, S Midl
hard-favored adj • Sth, S Midl
hardly adv A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hard-shell adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hardtail n 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
harp n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hash n 1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hat ball n • chiefly S Midl
hateful adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
haunt n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
haunt n, v B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
haunty adj • Sth, S Midl
have v2 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
have off v phr1 • Sth, S Midl
hawk v2 • scattered, but esp NEast, S Midl
hawkbill n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hay frame n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hayrack n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
head n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
head n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
head n B4 • esp Sth, S Midl
head n C1c • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
heading n 1 • Sth, S Midl
headmark n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
head rag n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
heap n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
heap n 3a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
heap n 3b • chiefly S Midl
hear v A1a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hear v A2b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hear v A2c (pronc) • Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
hear v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hearse n B1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hear tell v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hearth n A2 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
hearth n A4 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
hearth broom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
heat n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
heat v A2 • esp Sth, S Midl
heathen n (pronc) • S Midl
heaven n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
heir v • chiefly S Midl
hellcat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hellfire n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A1a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A1b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A2a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A2b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A2d (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A3a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v A3b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
help v B1 • Sth, S Midl
hem v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hen n1 A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
herb n, v A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
herb n, v A2 (pronc) • now chiefly Sth, S Midl, formerly also NEng
here adv, adj, exclam, pron A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
here adv, adj, exclam, pron A3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
here adv, adj, exclam, pron A5 (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
here adj, pron C • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hern pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
hessian n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
*hex v • widespread, but less freq S Midl (MAP)
hickey n2 b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
hickory n B2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hickory n B2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hickory n B3 • chiefly S Midl
hickory n B6 • chiefly S Midl
hickory chicken n • esp S Midl
hickory shad n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hide-and-seek n A • Sth, S Midl
hidy exclam • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
high adj B4b(2) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
high adj B5b • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
high blood n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
high cotton n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX
high-minded adj • esp Sth, S Midl
high sheriff n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
high-tempered adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hillbilly n 1 • widespread, but esp freq S Midl
hillside n attrib • chiefly Sth, S Midl
him pron B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
him pron B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hinder v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
hind-part-before adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
*hindside-before adv • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
hindsights n pl 1 • chiefly S Midl
hippen n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hire v (pronc) • esp S Midl
hisn pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
hisself pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hissy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hit v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hit a lick v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
hitchrack n • esp West, S Midl
hitchrein n • esp Sth, S Midl
hit the grit v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hockey n2, v • chiefly S Midl
hoe n1 2 • Sth, S Midl
hoecake n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hoe hand n • Sth, S Midl
hog n B3a • Sth, S Midl
hog n B4 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hog claim n • esp S Midl
hogfish n b • scattered, but esp S Midl
hoggish adj 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hog-head souse n • Sth, S Midl, esp Lower Missip Valley
hog house n 1a • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent; also S Midl (MAP)
hog-killing n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hog meat n • Sth, S Midl
hogpen n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hogs ate my brother up, since the adv phr • esp Sth, S Midl
hog’s head cheese n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast, esp S Atl, Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
hold n A1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
hold v A1b • Sth, S Midl
hold v A2a • Sth, S Midl
hold v A2c • Sth, S Midl
hold v A3a • Sth, S Midl
hold v C1a • Sth, S Midl
hold v C2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States, AR (MAP)
hole n 1c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hole n 3 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
holey adj • esp S Midl, C Atl (MAP)
holler v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
holler v B5 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
holler n1 C2 • Sth, S Midl
hollow n1, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
hollow tail n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
holy laugh n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
homebreaker n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
home demonstration n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
home folks n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
homely adj B1 • esp S Midl
homemade cheese n • esp S Midl
homeplace n • esp Sth, S Midl
hominy snow n • chiefly S Midl
hone v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
honey bun n • esp Sth, S Midl
honey pond and flitter tree n • chiefly S Midl
honeysuckle n 3 • scattered, but esp S Midl, Sth
*hooch n1 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hook v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
hoo-owl n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hoop cheese n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hoosier n B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hoosier n B1b • Sth, S Midl
hop v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hop and (a) jump n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hope v1 • Sth, S Midl
hoppergrass n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
horse apple n 1 • chiefly S Midl
*horse barn n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
horse piss n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
host n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hot v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
hotel n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hotten v 1 • Sth, S Midl
hot-water tea n • Sth, S Midl
hound dog n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hour n (pronc) • S Midl, seME, seNY
house n B1b • Sth, S Midl
house-raising n • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
house shoe n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
howdy v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
howsomever adv 1 • scattered, but chiefly S and C Atl, S Midl
how you do exclam • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
huckleberry n 10 • Sth, S Midl
hug v 1 • chiefly S Midl
hug-me-tight n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hull n B2a(2) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hull n B2b(1) • Sth, S Midl
hull n B2c • chiefly S Midl
*hullabaloo n 1 • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hull-gull n • S Midl, esp sAppalachians, Ozarks
hum and haw v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
humble adj, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hump n 5 • scattered, but esp S Midl, Sth
hundred n, adj A1 (pronc) • chiefly Atlantic, Sth, S Midl
hundred n, adj A4 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hungry adj, n • esp Sth, S Midl
hunker v 1a • scattered, but esp S Midl
hurricane n A1b (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
hurricane n A5 (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
hurricane n B1a • esp Sth, S Midl
hurt v B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl
hurting n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hush v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
hush v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
hush v B2 • Sth, S Midl
hush puppy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
hush puppy n 3 • esp S Midl
hyena n B • Sth, S Midl
hymn n A • Sth, S Midl
hypo n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
i prep • chiefly Sth, S Midl
I pron (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
I be phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ice-cream supper n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
icing n 2 • Sth, S Midl
idea n 2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
idea n 3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
idlesome adj • esp S Midl
if conj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
iffen conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-ified suff • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-ify suff • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ignorant adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ill adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
illegal adj • esp Sth, S Midl
in prep, adv A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
in prep B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
in about adv phr • Sth, S Midl
inch n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Indiana n 1 (pronc) • NEng, S Midl
Indian hen n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Indian peach n 1 • Sth, S Midl
infare n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
infare days n pl • S Midl
-ing suff B1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
in generally adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ink n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
instead adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast
instead adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp freq among Black speakers, stedder, stidder
insurance n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
Irish n1, adj (pronc) • esp S Midl
Irish potato n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
iron n, v, adj (pronc) • chiefly S Midl
iron dog n 1 • Sth, S Midl
island n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
it pron A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
it pron C1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
it ain’t done it phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
itch n B1 • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
itch n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ivory n2 • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
jack n1 16 • esp Sth, S Midl
jack frost n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jackleg adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jaggedy adj 1 • Sth, S Midl
jailhouse n • scattered, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jake n1 1 • esp S Midl
jake leg n1 1 • chiefly S Midl, wGulf States (MAP)
jamb-rock n • S Midl
jam cake n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
jam up adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
jam up adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
jar v1 B1 • esp S Midl
jarfly n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
jaundice n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl, |ˈændə(r)z|
jaundice n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl, ME, |ˈɔndə(r)z, ˈɑ-|
jaunt n, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
jaw back v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
jaybird n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jaybird n 1b • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Jay Gould n • esp Sth, S Midl
jelly n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
jenny n 6 • Sth, S Midl
jerk n1 B1 • chiefly S Midl, Sth
jewlark v • esp Sth, S Midl
jewlarker n • Sth, S Midl
Jew’s harp n • esp Sth, S Midl
Jew’s harp n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Missip Valley, West
jimberjawed adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
jimmies n pl1 1 • esp Sth, S Midl, West
jimmy-john n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
job n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
job v2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
jobber n • chiefly S Midl
joe darter n 2 • esp Gulf States, S Midl
johnny house n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid and S Atl (MAP)
johnny walkers n pl • S Midl, esp TN
join v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
joint n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
joist n 1 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
joke v • esp Sth, S Midl
jokey adj • esp Sth, S Midl
jolt wagon n • S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
jomo n • Sth, S Midl
Jordan n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
joree n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
josie n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
journey-proud adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
jower n • Sth, S Midl
jower v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
jowl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
judge n, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
juggle n 2 • S Midl
jughead n • chiefly S Midl, West
juice v • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
jump v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
jumper n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
jump jacket n • S Midl, esp KY
jump the broom v phr • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
jump-the-rope n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
jump the rope v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
june v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
June apple n 1 • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
just adv 1b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
just adv 2 (pronc) • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
just adv 4 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
just as well adv phr • esp Sth, S Midl
justice n • chiefly S Midl
keen adj 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
keen adj 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
keg n, v A1 (pronc) • chiefly NEast, S Midl, Sth
Kentucky n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
kernel n 4 • esp Sth, S Midl
kettle n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, also NEast (MAP)
kettle tea n • esp S Midl
kill v A (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
kill v B • Sth, S Midl
kill v C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
kill v C2 • esp Sth, S Midl
killdeer n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW, Pacific (MAP)
kin n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
kindly adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
kinfolk n pl • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
king bee n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
kingnut n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
kinnery n • Sth, S Midl
kinpeople n • Sth, S Midl
kit n 2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
kitty wants a corner n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
knee baby n • Sth, S Midl, esp NC
knee-high to a grasshopper adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
knock down v phr 1 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
knocker n 7a • Sth, S Midl
know v B3a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
know v B4a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lack v1 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
lady n • Sth, S Midl
lady pea n • chiefly Sth, sS Midl (MAP)
lap n • esp S Midl
lap child n • Sth, S Midl
larkspur n • chiefly West, S Midl (MAP)
lashings n pl • esp Sth, S Midl
last button on Gabe’s coat n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
last of pea-time(s) n • esp Sth, S Midl, NEng
lasty adj • chiefly Appalachians, S Midl
latch pin n • chiefly S Midl
laugh v C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lavish n 1 • chiefly S Midl
law n1 B1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
law n2, intj • now chiefly Sth, S Midl, formerly also NEast
law v • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
lawsy n, intj • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
lay n2 • S Midl
lay v 1 • chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP and Map Section)
lay v 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lay a corpse v phr • S Midl
lay by v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lay for v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
lay off v phr 2 • Sth, S Midl
lay off v phr 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
layout n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
lay out v phr 3 • scattered, but esp S Midl
layover(s) to catch meddlers n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
layway v • chiefly S Midl
leader n 1 • Sth, S Midl
lead trough n • chiefly S Midl
lean v A (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
learn v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
least adj • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
leastways adv • esp Sth, S Midl
leather breeches n pl 1 • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
leave n1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
leave off v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
leave out v phr 1 • Sth, S Midl
leg n (pronc) • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
less adj • chiefly S Midl
less conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lessen conj1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
let in v phr 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
libel n B • esp S Midl
license n 1 (pronc) • chiefly S Midl
lick n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
lick n 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lick n 6 • esp S Midl
lick v B4 • Sth, S Midl
lick-log n • chiefly S Midl
lickskillet n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
licorice n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, nNEng (MAP)
lid n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
lid n B1 • chiefly S Midl
lie n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
lie down v phr 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lie out v phr 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians, GA, SC (MAP)
lie out v phr 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lie out v phr 3 • esp S Midl, Sth
life everlasting n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lift v 2 • esp S Midl
lift, on the adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
light v2 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
light v2 3 • esp S Midl
light a shuck v phr • Sth, S Midl
light bread n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
light moon n • Sth, S Midl
lightning n1 • scattered, but esp S Midl, West
light roll n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lights n pl 2a • esp Sth, S Midl
lights n pl 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
like v1, adj, vbl aux, n, adv, prep, conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
like v1 C1 • NEng, Sth, S Midl
like vbl aux E2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*lima bean n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
limber adj • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
limber jack n 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
limb line n • esp S Midl
*limey n1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
line horse n • esp Sth, S Midl
line out v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
linthead n • Sth, S Midl
lip v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
listen v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lister n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
litter n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
little old adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
little Sally Walker n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
liver hash n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
liverworth n • esp S Midl
loaf bread n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
loblolly n 2 • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
local preacher n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, C Atl (MAP)
locked bowels n pl 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lock horns v phr • esp S Midl, West
loft n 2 • scattered, but chiefly S Midl, Sth (MAP)
logroller n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
logrolling vbl n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lonesome adj C • chiefly S Midl
long green (tobacco) n • chiefly S Midl
long handles n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
longheaded adj 2 • Sth, S Midl
*long john n 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
long red n • esp S Midl
long sweetening n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
long tom n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
look v B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
look over v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Lord n1 B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Lordy intj • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
lose time v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
lot n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
loud adj B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Louisiana n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
louse around v phr • esp S Midl
*lousy adj 2a • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*lousy adj 2c • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
love v D1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
love bump n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
love vine n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
low adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
low blood n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
low cotton n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
low-down adj 1 • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl; now more widespread
low-down adj 2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
low sick adj phr • Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States (MAP)
low wine n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
lumber v1 • chiefly S Midl
lumber room n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
lye hominy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ma n B1 • esp Sth, S Midl
ma’am n1 B1 • Sth and S Midl
mad adj 1a • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
made over ppl adj phr • esp Sth, S Midl
madstone n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
main adj • chiefly S Midl
main strength and awkwardness n • esp Sth, S Midl
major n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
make v1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
make v1 C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
make v1 C9 • chiefly S Midl
make v1 C12b • esp Sth, S Midl
make v1 D3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
make v1 D19 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
make v1 D21 • formerly widespread, now esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
make down v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
make out v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
make over v phr • chiefly S Midl; also West (MAP)
make up v phr 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
malt corn n • chiefly S Midl
mamma n1 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mam-maw n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mammock n 2 • chiefly S Midl
mammock v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mammy n1 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mammy n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
man n B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
man n C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
man n C4 • esp S Midl
manner n 2 • chiefly S Midl
manner n 3a • chiefly S Midl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
mannerable adj • Sth, S Midl
mannish adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
man-person n • chiefly S Midl
mantelpiece n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Atlantic (MAP)
marble eye n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, Missip Valley (MAP)
*marble orchard n • scattered, but rare Sth, S Midl
marching around the levee n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mare n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mark v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mark v1 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
marrow n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
marry up v phr • esp S Midl, Sth
marvel n1 • chiefly S Midl
mash v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
massacre n, v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mast n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
master adj • chiefly S Midl, also ME
master hand n • chiefly NEng, S Midl
matter n1 B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Maud n • esp Sth, S Midl
maul rails v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
may v Aa • chiefly Sth, S Midl
may v B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
me pron 3a • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
me pron 3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
meadow n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
*meadowlark n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mean adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*meander v • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*meat n 1 • widespread, but less freq S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
meat n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
meat v 1 • esp S Midl
meat house n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
mee-maw n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
meeting n 1a • chiefly NEast, S Midl
mellow v • esp S Midl
melon n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
melt n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
memorize v B • esp S Midl
mend v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mend v 2 • chiefly S Midl
mend v 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mend v 5 • esp S Midl
menfolk(s) n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-ment suff A • chiefly Sth, S Midl
-ment suff B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mesh n1, v (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
mess n 1a • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl
mess n 3 • chiefly S Midl
mess v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
Methodist n • Sth, S Midl Mef(o)dis, Metdis, Meth(o)dis
middle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
middleman n 1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
middler n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
middling n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
middling n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
midmother n • esp Sth, S Midl
mighty adj • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, NEast
mighty adv • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
mile n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng mild
milk box n • esp Sth, S Midl
milk lot n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
milk room n • scattered, but chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
milksick n • chiefly S Midl
millrock n • Sth, S Midl
mincy adj • esp S Midl
mind n B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mind v C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mind v C6 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mind out v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mingledy adj • esp Sth, S Midl
*minnow n A1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
minnow n A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mirate v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
miration n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
misdoubt v • esp Sth, S Midl
misery n • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl
mislick n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
misput adj 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
misremember v • esp S Midl
mist n 4 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mist rain v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mixed-breed n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
mixtry n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mizzle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mizzle v1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
moaners’ bench n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mock v B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
molasses n B • chiefly S Midl
mole bean n 2 • esp S Midl, S Atl
molly cottontail n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
monkey rum n • esp S Midl
monstrous adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
month n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
moon-eyed adj 1 • chiefly S Midl
moon-fixer n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mostly adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mother’s colt, ride one’s v phr • esp S Midl
mother wit n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
moughty adj, adv • Sth, S Midl
mountain n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mountain boomer n 1 • chiefly S Midl
mountain dew n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mountain oyster n • chiefly S Midl, West
mountain pheasant n • esp Sth, S Midl
mourner n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mourners’ bench n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mouth n B1 • chiefly S Midl
mowing blade n • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians (MAP)
Mrs. n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Mrs. n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
much adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
much n 1 • chiefly S Midl
much v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mud-fat adj • esp S Midl
muffin n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mulatto adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
mule n1 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
mule n1 6 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
multiplying onion n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*mumblety-peg n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
murrain n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
muscadine (grape) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
muscle v 2 • chiefly S Midl
mush n1 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
mush ice n • scattered, but esp S Midl
mushroom n (pronc) • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*musical chairs n pl • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
musicianer n • chiefly S Midl, formerly also NEng
muskmelon n (pronc) • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, N Atl (MAP)
muskrat n • Pronc-spp chiefly Sth, S Midl..musrat
musky adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl; scattered NEast (MAP)
myrtle n1 • Pronc-spp chiefly Sth, S Midl
nairn pron • Sth, S Midl
naked adj (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
name v • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
nape n (pronc) • esp NEast, Sth, S Midl
napper’s house, go to v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
nappy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
narrow adj, v, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, less freq NEast
nary adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
nasty v • esp S Midl
nation n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
naturally adv B • Sth, S Midl
nature n (pronc) • chiefly NEast, S Midl
natured adj • Sth, S Midl
navel n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
near adj, adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
nearabout(s) adv 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
near cut n • chiefly S Midl
necktie party n • chiefly West; also S Midl
need v 1 • chiefly S Midl
needcessity n • chiefly S Midl
needmore n 1 • esp S Midl
ne’er adj1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
neighborhood road n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
nephew n B • esp S Midl
nervish adj • chiefly S Midl
nest n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
never adv B1 • chiefly S Midl
new adj (pronc) • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl
newground n 1b • esp S Midl
newspaper n • esp Sth, S Midl
New Year’s gift exclam • Sth, S Midl
nick-tailed adj • esp Sth, S Midl
niece n • Sth, S Midl
niggertoe n 5 • chiefly S Midl, TX
niggertoe n 7 • esp S Midl
nigger town n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
nigh adv A1 • chiefly S Midl
nighabout adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
nigh cut n • chiefly S Midl
nigh onto adv phr • scattered, but more freq S Midl
night glass n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
night-hunting vbl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
nigra n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
nigro n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
nippity-tuck adv, adj • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
nit fly n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
no-count adj • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
nohow adv 2 • esp S Midl
norate v • chiefly S Midl, Sth
noration n • chiefly S Midl, Sth
north end of a chicken flying south n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
note v 2 • S Midl
notice v 1 • Sth, S Midl
notionate adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
noway adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
nurse v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
oblige v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*oceans n pl • scattered, but less freq S Midl, SW (MAP)
odd-come-short n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
of prep Ba • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
of prep Be • chiefly Sth, S Midl
of prep Bh • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast
of prep C3 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
of prep C5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
of prep C6a • chiefly S Midl
offish adj 1 • chiefly S Midl, NEng
oil n1, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
Oklahoma n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl
okra n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Old Christmas n • chiefly Mid Atl, S Midl
old field n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
old-field pine n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
old-field school n • Sth, S Midl
old head n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
old maid n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Old Master n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Old Ned n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
old of the moon n • esp S Midl
Old Scratch n • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng (MAP)
old-timey adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
on prep, adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
on prep B1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
on prep B6 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
once adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
once and occasionally adv phr • Sth, S Midl
one pron B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
one-eyed cat n 1 • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
one-gallus(ed) adj • Sth, S Midl
one-horse adj 1 • esp S Midl
one-sided adj, adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
onion n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
onliest adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
only prep B • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
oodlins n pl • S Midl, esp KY, TN (MAP)
oo-wee exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ooze n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
open adj, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
open barn n • esp Sth, S Midl
orchard grass n • chiefly Nth, Midl, esp S Midl (MAP)
ought v • Pronc-sp chiefly Sth, S Midl ort
ought v C2a • widespread, but more freq S Midl, Sth
ourn pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
out adj D2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
out n F1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
outdoingest adj • esp S Midl
outdone adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
outfavor v • esp S Midl
out of bank(s) adj phr • esp S Midl
out of heart adj phr • esp S Midl
oven n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
over adj C • Sth, S Midl, West
over exclam F • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
owing to prep phr • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
owlhead n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
own adj 1 • chiefly NEng, S Midl
own self pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ox n A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ox n A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ox n B1 • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
pa n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pack v 2a • esp S Midl
pale v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
pale garden n • esp S Midl
paling fence n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
palm n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEng |pæm|
*pancake turner n • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl, PA (MAP)
panther n A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
panther n C1 • widespread, but chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
papa n2 2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
pa-paw n2 (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pappy n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
parasol n B1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
parch v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
parlor n B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
particular adj B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
particular adv D • esp Sth, S Midl
partment n • esp Sth, S Midl
partner n A • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
partridge n A1 (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
partridge n A2 (pronc) • chiefly S Midl
partridge n A3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
partridge n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pass v 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pass v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp LA
passage n • Sth, S Midl, esp SC
pass and repass v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
passel n 2 • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl, now widespread
pass words v phr 1 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pastor v • esp Sth, S Midl
pasture n1, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈpæstə(r)|
pat v 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pat-a-cake n • esp Sth, S Midl
paunch n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
paunch n B • Sth, S Midl
pay out v phr • esp S Midl
pea n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pea n1 5 • esp S Midl
pea n1 6 • chiefly S Midl
pea n2 • esp Sth, S Midl
peace n • widespread in literary use, but chiefly Sth, S Midl in oral use (MAP)
peacebreaker n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
peach-orchard boar n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
peach pickle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
pear v • chiefly S Midl
peart adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
peart adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pearten v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pea-turkey n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peck n3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peck v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peck v1 2 • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
peckerwood n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
peckerwood n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peckerwood n 3a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pee ant n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
peedoodle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peeper n2 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
peep-eye n, v, exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peg n B8 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
peg n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |pe(ɪ)g|
pen n1 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |pɪn|
pen n1 B2 • Sth, S Midl
pen n1 B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
penny pencil n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pennywinkle n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
peony n1 2 (pronc) • chiefly Cent, Mid Atl, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
people n B2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*perambulator n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
perch n1 (pronc) • chiefly S Midl |pirč, pɪrč, pjɝč|
persuade v • esp S Midl
pet n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pet v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Peter bird n • chiefly S Midl
pewee n1 5 • esp S Midl
phlegm n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |flim|
piano n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl, NEast |paɪˈænə, piˈænɪ, piˈjænɚ|
*piccalilli n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pick v 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
piece n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
piece n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pieded adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
piedy adj • S Midl
pie melon n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
piggin n 1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
pig tracks n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pilfer v • S Midl
pill n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
pillow n (pronc) • esp S Midl |ˈpɪlə(r)|
pin n1, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |pɛn|
pindling adj • chiefly NEng, S Midl
pine burr n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
piney woods n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pinhook v • chiefly S Midl
pinhooker n • S Midl
*pinochle n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pitch v 1 • Sth, S Midl
pitch v 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pitty-pat n • Sth, S Midl
plague n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEast (MAP)
plague n, v (pronc) • scattered, but esp freq S Midl |plɛg|
plague v C2 • chiefly S Midl
plague-gone adj phr, adv phr • Sth, S Midl
plague-taked ppl adj phr, adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
plain bread n • Sth, S Midl
plait n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
plank fence n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
plant one’s corn before one builds the fence v phr • Sth, S Midl
play like v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
play-pretty n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
play-toy n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pleasure n, v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pleasure n, v B2 • Sth, S Midl
plow n, v (pronc) • esp S Midl |plaɪ|
plow v B2 • Sth, S Midl
plowline n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
plug v 2 • esp S Midl
plumb adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
plumb adv 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
Plumb Nearly n • Sth, S Midl
plum peach n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
plunder n 1 • orig chiefly Sth, S Midl; now more widespread
plunder n 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
plunder n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SC
plunder v2 • chiefly S Midl
pneumonia n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, Sth |nuˈmoni|
pneumonia fever n • S Midl
poach v A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pocket n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*pod n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
point n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, formerly also NEng |paɪnt|
point-blank adj C1 • S Midl
point-blank adv, adj A2 (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
point-blank adv, adj A1 (pronc) • chiefly S Midl
point-blank adv B • S Midl, esp sAppalachians
pointedly adv • chiefly S Midl
poison adj C3 • esp S Midl
poison adv D1 • esp S Midl
poison n, v, adj, adv (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEast..|ˈpaɪz(ə)n|
poison n, v, adj, adv (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |ˈpɔz(ə)n|
pokeberry n 1 • chiefly Midl, esp S Midl (MAP)
poke-easy n, adj • chiefly S Midl
*poker n1 2 • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
poke salad n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
poke stalk n • S Midl
poke supper n • S Midl
pole v 1 • chiefly S Midl
polecat n 1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
polecat n 2a • esp Sth, S Midl
police n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
police n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈpoˌlis, ˈpoˈlis|
polite adj, adv • Pronc-spp esp Sth, S Midl perlite, p’lite
politicianer n • esp S Midl
pomace n 2b • chiefly Midl, esp S Midl
pomegranate n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl |ˈplʌmˌgrænt|
pomper v • chiefly S Midl
pond water n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pondy adj • esp Sth, S Midl
pone n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pone n 1b • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
pone bread n 1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pooch n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pooch v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
poor adj A2 (pronc) • chiefly neNEng, Sth, S Midl
poor adj Ba • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
poor adj Bb • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
poor do n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
poor Joe n1 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
poorly adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈpo(r)li|
poot n • Sth, S Midl
poot v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pop v1 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
pop v1 1b • Sth, S Midl
pop v1 3 • Sth, S Midl
pop call n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
poppet n 2 • chiefly S Midl
poppy n2 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
possum n 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
possum v 1 • Sth, S Midl
possum grape n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
possum pie n • S Midl
post n 2a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
post oak n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
pot n 1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pot n 10 • chiefly S Midl
pot n 11 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pot n 2 • esp S Midl
potato n A3 (pronc) • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
potato n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
potato hill n 2 • esp S Midl
potato onion n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
potato squash n • esp S Midl
pot hound n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW
potrack n, v • Sth, S Midl
poultry wire n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pound v • chiefly S Midl
pounding n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
pound party n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pour v B1b • esp Sth, S Midl
power n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
powerful adv C1 • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
prank v1 1 • chiefly S Midl
prank v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
prayer n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |ˈprɑə|
pray through v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
preacher-man n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
preacher, pay the v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
preacher’s nose n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
preaching n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
preserve n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
press n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
press meat n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pretty n C1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
pretty n C1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pretty-by-night n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY, sOH
Primitive Baptist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
printcloth sack n • Sth, S Midl
priss v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
prize n 1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
prize v2 1 • chiefly S Midl; also Sth
prize v2 2 • chiefly S Midl
prog v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Chesapeake Bay
project v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
prong n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
prong n 3 • Sth, S Midl
protracted meeting n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
proud adj 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
proud adj 2 • Sth, S Midl
puddle duck n 1 • Sth, S Midl
puddle duck n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
puke v • esp S Midl
pull v 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pulled candy n • chiefly Atlantic, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
pullikins n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl
pully bone n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK, IL, IN (MAP)
pulpit n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |p^Ulˈpɪt, ˈp^Ulˈpɪt, ˈpʌl-|
pumpknot n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
punching stick n • Sth, S Midl
punish v • chiefly S Midl
puny adj 1 • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
puny v 1 • chiefly S Midl
pure adj, adv (pronc) • chiefly S Midl |pjor|
pure adj B • Sth, S Midl
pure adv C • Sth, S Midl
puredee adj, adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
purely adv • Sth, S Midl
pushency n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
push little ducks in the water, mean enough to adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
push water n • esp S Midl
pussle-gut n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
put v C • chiefly NEast, S Midl
put at v phr • esp S Midl
put away v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
put down v phr 2 • esp S Midl
put down v phr 3 • esp S Midl
put in v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
put-on n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
put up v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
quality n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
quarrel v B • Sth, S Midl
quarter n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
quarter v 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
queer adj (pronc) • chiefly S Midl, Sth |kwer, kwɛr, kwær, kwɑr|
quick v • chiefly S Midl
quieten v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
quile v2 • chiefly S Midl
quill n 1 • Sth, S Midl
quill n 3b • esp S Midl
*quits exclam • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl, SW, Cent (MAP)
quitting stick n • esp S Midl (MAP)
quituate v • scattered, but chiefly S Midl
rabbit hawk n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
race n1 • S Midl
race n2 • now chiefly S Midl
rack n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Mid Atl
rack n2 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rack v3 • chiefly S Midl
racket n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rail-splitter n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
rain seed n • chiefly S Midl
raise v B3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
raised gravy n • Sth, S Midl
raised in a barn adj phr • widespread, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
raise sand v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
raisin n (pronc) • also Sth, S Midl old-fash |ˈrizn|
raising n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
rake v1 A2 • also chiefly S Midl rok(e), ruck, ruk(e)
rake v1 B1a • chiefly S Midl
ramrod n • chiefly S Midl, West (MAP)
ramshacklety adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ramshackly adj • formerly more widespread, now esp Sth, S Midl
rank n 1 • chiefly S Midl
rantankerous adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rap jacket n • Sth, S Midl
rare v 4 • Sth, S Midl
rare v 5a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rat cat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rat-killing n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
ratsbane n • chiefly S Midl
rattler n 6 • esp Sth, S Midl
rattlesnake melon n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rawhead and bloodybones n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
razorback hog n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
reach v1 A1 • also chiefly Sth, S Midl re(t)ch
reach v1 A2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
reach v1 A3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
reach v1 B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ready-roll n • esp Sth, S Midl
real adj, adv (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl |re(ə)l|
reap hook n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
reckon v B1a • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
reckon v B1b • Sth, S Midl
reckon v B1c(2) • Sth, S Midl
reckon v B1c(3) • Sth, S Midl
recomember v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
red adj Aa(2) • chiefly S Midl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
redbird n b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
red bone n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
redd v 4 • esp Sth, S Midl
redding comb n • esp S Midl
redeye n 5 • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl; now more widespread
red-eye gravy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
red gravy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
red gum n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
redhorse n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
red in the comb adj phr • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
red leaf n • S Midl
red light n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, PA (MAP)
red liquor n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
red-neck n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States (MAP)
red perch n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
red wasp n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
redworm n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
reed cane n • Sth, S Midl
refugee v • Sth, S Midl
*relation n 1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*relation n 2 • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rest v1 A1 • esp Sth, S Midl
rest v1 A2 • esp Sth, S Midl
rest v1 B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rest room n • scattered exc NEast, but esp freq S Midl (MAP)
return thanks v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
revenue n • chiefly S Midl
revenuer n • chiefly S Midl
reverend adj B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Revolution n • Sth, S Midl
rich pine n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ride v1 A2a • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
ride v1 B13b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ridiculous adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
right adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
right adv, n, adj (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |rat, ræt, rɑt|
right-down adv phr, adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
right now adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
right smart adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
right smart adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
right smart n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ring v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |riŋ, rɛŋ, reŋ, ræŋ|
ring v B1b • esp Sth, S Midl
ring v B2b • esp Sth, S Midl
ring-around-a-rosy n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ringman n 2 • esp S Midl
ringman n 3 • esp S Midl
rinktum n 4 • Sth, S Midl
rinse v, n 1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rippet n • chiefly S Midl
rise n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rise v A2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rise v B1 • Sth, S Midl
rising n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
roach n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
roach v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
roasting ear n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
roasting ear n A3 (pronc) • esp S Midl
roasting ear n B2 • S Midl
rock n1 4b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rock v2 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rock along v phr • chiefly S Midl
rock school n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rock wall n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
rogue n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rogue v • Sth, S Midl
roguish adj • Sth, S Midl
roll v • Sth, S Midl
roll and toss v phr • esp S Midl
rolly-holey n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rolly-holey n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY rolly-hole
Roman cannon n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
Rook n2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
room n B1 • chiefly NEng, S Midl
rooster fight n 1 • S Midl, esp KY
*root cellar n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
rooter n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
root-soaker n • Sth, S Midl
rosin n A1a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rosin n A1b (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
rosin n A2a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rosin n A3 (pronc) • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
rosin n A4 (pronc) • scattered Sth, S Midl, SW
rosin n B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rot foot n • esp S Midl
rotten adj 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
rotten v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
rough adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
rough n • chiefly S Midl
rough feed n • esp S Midl
roughness n 1 • Sth, S Midl, esp Appalachians
roundance n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
round squash n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
round-town n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
roust v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
row n 3 • Sth, S Midl
rub v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
rubboard n 1 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
*rube n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ruckus n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ˈr^Ukəs, ˈrukəs|
rue v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ruin v A2b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
ruin v A2c (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
ruin v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
ruin v B3 • Sth, S Midl
ruinate v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
run n 6 • esp Sth, S Midl
run v A1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
run v A2b • esp Sth, S Midl
run v B3 • Sth, S Midl
run v B9c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
runaround n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
run one’s mouth v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
run up v phr 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
rusty n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sack n 2a • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
saddlebag house n • Sth, S Midl
safe n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
sagaciate v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sager n • Sth, S Midl
salad n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ˈsælət, -lɛt, -lɪt|
salad n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
salad onion n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
salamander n 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States
sale day n • esp Sth, S Midl
salt bacon n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
salt shake n • scattered, but esp S Midl (MAP)
salts water n • esp Sth, S Midl
Sampson’s snakeroot n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Sanctified (Church) n • Sth, S Midl
sand n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sand brier n 1 • chiefly S Midl
sang n • chiefly S Midl
sass tea n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
satisfy v • Sth, S Midl
sauce n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |sɔ^Us, sɑ^Us|
sauce n B1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
saucer squash n • esp Sth, S Midl
savagerous adj, adv • esp Sth, S Midl
save v B1 • Sth, S Midl
saw exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
saw brier n • chiefly S Midl
saw rack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
say grace over v phr • Sth, S Midl
scaffold n (pronc) • esp S Midl |ˈskæf(ə)l|
scaffold n B2 • esp S Midl
scalded (corn) bread n • esp Sth, S Midl
scandal n B • esp Sth, S Midl
scandalize v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scandalous adj, adv (pronc) • esp S Midl |ˈskænləs|
scare n, v A (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |skɪə(r)|
scarf n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
scary adj B • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEast (MAP)
scat intj • Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP and Map Section)
scattering adj • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl
school butter exclam • Sth, S Midl
scope n • Sth, S Midl
scorpion n (pronc) • scattered Sth, S Midl, SW |ˈskɔrpən, -pɪn, -pin|
scotch n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scotch v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scotch v1 4 • Sth, S Midl
scouring broom n • Sth, S Midl
scours n pl • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
scrape n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scrape v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scraping n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
screak v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
screak v 2 • chiefly S Midl
screaky adj • esp S Midl
scrimption n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scrinch v 2 • esp S Midl
scrinch owl n • Sth, S Midl
scringe v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scritch owl n • chiefly S Midl, Mid Atl (MAP)
scrooch v 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scrooch v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scrooch owl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
scrouge v 1a • chiefly S Midl
scrouge v 2a • chiefly S Midl
scrub pad n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
scutter n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
scuttle n • NEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*sea cook n • widespread exc Sth, S Midl (MAP)
seamster n • esp Sth, S Midl
search n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl old-fash |sɑ(r)č|
season n1 • Sth, S Midl
seasoning meat n • Sth, S Midl
sedge n • Pronc-sp chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng sage
sedge grass n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
see v B2b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
see v B2d • Sth, S Midl
see v B3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
seed n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
seed tick n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
seegar n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
seek v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
seep n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
seesaw n 1 • chiefly Atlantic, Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP and Map Section)
self pron (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |sɛ(ə)f|
self pron B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sell out v phr 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
send v 2 • Sth, S Midl esp freq among Black speakers, sahnt, saunt, sont
sensitive brier n • Sth, S Midl
sent for and couldn’t come adj phr • esp Sth, S Midl
sermon n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈsɜ(r)mənt|
serviceberry n • chiefly S Midl, Pacific NW, Rocky Mts (MAP)
servigrous adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
set v1 A3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
set v1 B4 • esp Sth, S Midl
setting chair n • esp Sth, S Midl
settlement n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
settlement road n • Sth, S Midl
set up v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
set up v phr 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
shacklety adj • Sth, S Midl
shackly adj • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
shad n 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Missip-Ohio Valleys
shade-tree n attrib • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shaft n 2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ševz|
shake v 1a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shake v 1b • esp Sth, S Midl
shake v 2b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shaking ague n • esp Sth, S Midl
shallot n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP and Map Section)
shallow n, v, adj (pronc) • also chiefly S Midl |ˈšælə(r)|
shank of the evening n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEast
shape note n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
share n, v (pronc) • also chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEast |šir|; infreq |šʌr|
sharecropper n • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
she n 1a • scattered, but esp S Midl
she n 1b • scattered, but esp S Midl
sheep sour n • chiefly S Midl
shelly bean n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
sheriff n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |šɝɪf|
shew intj • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
shifty adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shimmy n1 • widespread, but slightly more freq Sth, S Midl
shine n 1 • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
shine n 4 • scattered, but esp Atlantic, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*shinny v • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
shirttail adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shirttail n 1 • chiefly S Midl
shoe-mouth n • chiefly S Midl
shoofly n 3 • esp S Midl
shoot n 1 • esp S Midl
shoot, Luke, or give up the gun phr • esp S Midl
shortening bread n • Sth, S Midl
short sweetening n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shotgun n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shout v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
show out v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
shrimp n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |šrɛmp, srɪmp, swɪmp, swɛmp|
shrink v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |srɪŋk, swɪŋk|
shrivel v1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl..|ˈswɪvəl(d)|; also |ˈsrɪvəl(d)| (MAP)
shrub v • chiefly S Midl
shuck n1 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shuck n1 1b(1) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shuck n1 1b(2) • Sth, S Midl
shuck n1 1b(3) • Sth, S Midl
shuck v1 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
shuck v1 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shucking n • chiefly S Midl
shuckins intj • esp Sth, S Midl
shut adj a • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast; now more widespread
shut adj b • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
shut adj c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
shut v A • esp Sth, S Midl shit, shot
shut v A • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng shed, shet
shut-mouth n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
side and side adv phr • chiefly NEast; also Sth, S Midl (MAP)
*side by each adv phr • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
side pleurisy n • Sth, S Midl
side room n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sidewalk plot n • esp Sth, S Midl
sideways n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
sight n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
sight n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
singing n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
singing convention n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sinner n • esp Sth, S Midl
sit v1 2b • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sit v1 3b • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
skate v 2 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
skeet v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
skeet v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
skeet v 3 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
skeet v 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
skewbald adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
skillet-and-lid n • chiefly S Midl
skimption n • chiefly S Midl
skin v B1 • scattered, but somewhat more freq S Midl, West (MAP)
skin v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
skin v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
skinny v • esp S Midl (MAP)
skipper n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
skull buster n • esp Sth, S Midl
skunk-drunk adj • esp Sth, S Midl
sky west and crooked adv phr, adj ph • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
sky-winding adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
slam adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SE
slap adv 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
slapdab adv 1 • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
slapdab adv 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
slash n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
slat bonnet n • esp Mid Atl, S Midl (MAP)
slay v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
sleigh n 2 • scattered, but esp S Midl, C Atl, Inland Nth (MAP)
slick elm n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
slicky adj • esp Sth, S Midl
slicky slide n • chiefly S Midl, esp WV
slide n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
sling blade n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
slip v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
slip v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl (MAP)
slip gap n • Sth, S Midl
slippance exclam • Sth, S Midl
slip-shuck v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
slouch n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
slouch v • esp S Midl
slowful adj • esp Sth, S Midl
slue-footed adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
smack adv 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
smack-dab adv 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
smack smooth adv 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
smart adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
smash n 1 • scattered, but esp S Midl
smather v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
smoothing iron n • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
smother v 2 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
smother fry v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
snack n 2 • formerly esp Sth, S Midl, now widespread
snake n 1a(1) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
snake n 1a(2) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
snake n 1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians (MAP)
snake handling n • chiefly S Midl
snap n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
snap bean n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
snatched adj • esp S Midl
sniptious adj • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
snollygoster n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
snowball rain n • esp S Midl
snuffbox n 1 • esp S Midl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
snuff stick n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW, TX (MAP)
snurl n • S Midl, esp sAppalachians
snurl v1 • chiefly S Midl
soap gourd n • Sth, S Midl
sob v • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
soda n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast |sodɪ, -i|
sod-soaker n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
soft peach n • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
sog v 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
solid adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
solid adv • chiefly S Midl
-some suff • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
somebody n • esp Sth, S Midl
somerset n • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
something n, adj, adv A3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈsʌmp%Un, ˈsʌmp%Um|
something n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
something dead up the creek n • Sth, S Midl
something on a stick n • chiefly S Midl
something or other phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sooey exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
soon adv 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
soon adj 1 • Sth, S Midl
soon adj 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sooner n2 2 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
soot n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, less freq NEast |sʌt|; occas |sut|
sorghum n B • chiefly S Midl
sorrow n, v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sorry adj B2 • esp Sth, S Midl
sot n • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
souse v1, n1 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl..|sa^Uz|
souse v1 B4 • esp Sth, S Midl
souse v1 B2 • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
souse meat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sow bosom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW
sow cat n • esp S Midl
sow coon n 2 • esp S Midl
spang adv 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sparrow n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |ˈspɑr(ə)|
speak v B3 • esp S Midl
speaking n • Sth, S Midl
speckled gravy n • chiefly S Midl
speed breaker n • Sth, S Midl
spew v 2 • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl, West; now more widespread (MAP)
spew v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
spewer n • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
spike n 7 • chiefly S Midl
spinning jenny n • Sth, S Midl
spinning wheel n • Sth, S Midl
spirit n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈspɛrɪt|
spit image n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
splinter n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
split v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
split n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
split n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
split basket n • esp Sth, S Midl
split beans from coffee, not to know v phr • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
split bonnet n • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
split the blanket(s) v phr • Sth, S Midl, West
splo n • Sth, S Midl, esp KY, TN
splunge v, n • Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
spoil v A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl; formerly also NEng
spoil v A3 (pronc) • esp NEng, Sth, S Midl
spoon biscuit n • esp S Midl
spoon bread n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
spread v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
spread v B2 • esp Sth, S Midl
spreadhead n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
spring n, v (pronc) • esp S Midl |spræŋ, sprɛŋ, spreŋ|
spring v B1 • esp Sth, S Midl
spring branch n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
spring lizard n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
springle out v phr • esp S Midl
sprinkler n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
sprout v1 2 • chiefly S Midl
sprouting hoe n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
spruce pine n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sprucy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
spunk n • scattered, but esp S Midl
spunk-water n • Sth, S Midl
squab n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
squall v 1 • chiefly S Midl
squander v 2 • chiefly S Midl
square n1, adj, adv (pronc) • esp S Midl |skwɑr|
square n1, adj, adv (pronc) • esp NEast, Sth, S Midl |skwæə(r)|, less freq |skweə(r)|
square n1 B2 • Sth, S Midl
squat poison n • esp S Midl
squawed adj • esp S Midl
squealer n 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
squeech v • esp Sth, S Midl
squeeze v Bb • Sth, S Midl
squench v1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
squinch v2 1 • scattered, but chiefly S Midl
squinch v2 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
squinch v2 4 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
squinch owl n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
squirrel hawk n 2 • chiefly S Midl
squirrel-headed adj • esp S Midl
squirreling vbl n 1 • esp S Midl
squirrel turner n • chiefly S Midl
squirts n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
squush v 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
stable horse n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stable lot n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stack cake n • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
stack chimney n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl, but also NEng
stack chimney n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stack of bones n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stack pie n • chiefly S Midl
staff n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
stair n1 (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |star, stɑr|
stall v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stand n 1 • Sth, S Midl
stand n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stand n 3 • Sth, S Midl
stand n 4 • esp Sth, S Midl
stander n • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl
stand in with v phr • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stand one down v phr 2 • Sth, S Midl
stand-table n • chiefly S Midl
staple n1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈstip%Ul|
start-naked adj phr • Sth, S Midl
stave n • esp Sth, S Midl
stave v 5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stay v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
steady adj, adv, v A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
steal v B1b • scattered, but most freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
steal v B2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
stealing partners n • Sth, S Midl
stealing steps n • esp Sth, S Midl
stealing sticks n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
steeple n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
steer n1 • scattered, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl
stemper n • Sth, S Midl
step stove n • orig widespread; later chiefly Sth, S Midl
stick n 1 • S Midl
stick v 2 • esp S Midl
stick-and-clay chimney n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sticky n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
stile n1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stile block n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
still adv 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
still adv 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
still-tongued adj • esp S Midl
stinging worm n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stinking jim n • Sth, S Midl
stob n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stob v B1 • Sth, S Midl
stock n C4 • chiefly S Midl, nNEng (MAP)
stock cow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stock pea n 1 • esp S Midl
stomp n 1 • Sth, S Midl
stomp-down adj phr, adv phr • Sth, S Midl
stool-bottom(ed) chair n • Sth, S Midl
store n • Sth, S Midl sto(ah); rarely sto-er, tore
store-bought adj phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
stork shower n • scattered, but esp NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
storm hit it, look like (a) v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
story v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stout adj 2 • chiefly S Midl
stove catch n • esp S Midl
stove up adj phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
straddle n • esp S Midl
straight drive (transmission) n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stray adj 2 • scattered Sth, S Midl
streaked gravy n • Sth, S Midl
streaked meat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians (MAP)
streakedy adj (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
street, in the adj phr • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stretching vbl n • esp S Midl
stretch the blanket v phr • esp S Midl
striffen n • chiefly S Midl
strike v A1 • Sth, S Midl strack, strick
strike a lick v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
strike up with v phr • Sth, S Midl
striking paper n • Sth, S Midl
string n, v (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |stræŋ, strɛŋ|
striped gravy n • esp S Midl
strollop v • esp S Midl
strollop n • esp S Midl
strop n, v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
strow v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
struck on adj phr • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
strut v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
strut n 1 • Sth, S Midl
strut n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stubborn adj • esp Sth, S Midl
studfish n • chiefly S Midl
studs n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
study v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
study v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
study v1 4 • Sth, S Midl
stump v 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
stump-broke adj • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, TX
stump-hole liquor n • Sth, S Midl, esp NC, SC (MAP)
stump juice n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stump-jumper n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
stump liquor n • Sth, S Midl, esp GA
stump mover n • Sth, S Midl
stump sucker n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
stump-tail(ed) cow in flytime n • esp Sth, S Midl
stump water n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
stump water n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
subpoena n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |səˈpiniə, -jə|
such adj, adv, pron A1 (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
such adj, adv, pron A2 (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
such pron B2 • orig chiefly Sth, S Midl; now more widespread
suck n 1 • chiefly S Midl
suckhole n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sug n • Sth, S Midl
sugar n 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
sugar bread n • esp S Midl
sugar mouth n • esp S Midl
sugar tit n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
sull v • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
sumac n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl chiefly rural |ˈšume(ɪ)k|
summer sores n pl • esp S Midl
summons v • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
sundown n • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
sun-pain n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sun perch n • chiefly S Midl, Lower Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
sunrising n • esp Sth, S Midl
sup n • now esp Sth, S Midl
sure adj, adv 2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sure-enough adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sure enough adv phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sure enough adv phr 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
suspect v • esp Sth, S Midl
suspicion v • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
swag n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swag n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swag n 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swag v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swage v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swallow n2, v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ˈswɑlɚ|
swallow n2, v B • esp Sth, S Midl
swallow v Ca • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
swallow fork n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
swamp angel n 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
swamper n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swamp red oak n • Sth, S Midl
swanny v • chiefly Sth, S Midl; formerly also NEng (MAP)
swap work v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
swarthy adj • Sth, S Midl
swear v C2 • esp Sth, S Midl
*sweat v Aa • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sweat v Ab • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
sweet bread n 2 • Sth, S Midl
sweetening n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sweetheart v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
sweet milk n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
sweet pea n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swell v 3b (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swiddle v • esp S Midl
swift water n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl, NEast (MAP)
swim v A1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swim v A1b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swim v A1c • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
swim v A2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swim v A2b • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swimmy-headed adj • Sth, S Midl
swinge v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swish broom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
switch, hide the n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
swivet n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
swizzled ppl adj2 • Sth, S Midl
swulter v, • chiefly S Midl
sycamore n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl |ˈsɪkɪmor, ˈsɪki-|
syrup n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ˈsʌrəp, sɝp|
tabernacle n • esp S Midl tabernickle
tackle n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl, TX |tɪk%Ul|
tacky n 2 • Sth, S Midl
tacky adj1 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tacky party n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tad n1 2 • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl, now widespread (MAP)
tailor v • esp S Midl
take v A2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
take v A2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
take v A2d • chiefly Sth, S Midl
take v A3b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
take v B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, MO, OK, TX (MAP)
take v B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
take down v phr b • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
take in v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
take low v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
take on v phr • chiefly Sth; also S Midl, NEast (MAP)
take out v phr 3a • esp S Midl
take out v phr 3b • esp S Midl
take out v phr 4 • chiefly S Midl
take two rows at a time v phr • esp S Midl
take up v phr 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
take up v phr 3 • chiefly S Midl
take up v phr 5 • chiefly S Midl
take up v phr 6 • esp Sth, S Midl
talk v 1 • chiefly S Midl
tall cotton n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
*tap n1 1 • widespread, but less freq nNEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tap n1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tap n2 2 • widespread, but esp freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
tar kiln n b • chiefly S Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
tarnal adj • chiefly NEng; less freq S Midl
taste v, n A1 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
taste v, n A2 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
tasted adj • chiefly S Midl
ta-ta exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
taw line n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
tearing-down ppl adj 1 • esp S Midl
tear up v phr 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tear up v phr 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tee-nincy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tee-niny adj • Sth, S Midl, esp SC (MAP)
tee-tinsy adj • esp S Midl
tee-tiny adj • Sth, S Midl
teensy adj • formerly Sth, S Midl, now widespread, but less freq NEng
telephone v B • chiefly SE, S Midl (MAP)
tell v B2c • chiefly S Midl
tell v C4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ten n, adj (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |tɪn|
tendable adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
Tennessee n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |̩tɪnəˈsi, ˈtɛnə̩si, ˈtɪn-|
terrible adj, adv (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl, NEng |ˈtɝəb(ə)l, ˈtɝb(ə)l|
tester n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈtistə(r)|
tetchous adj • Sth, S Midl
tetchy adj • formerly widespread, now esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tetter n1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
Texas n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈtɛksz, -əz|
text n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈtɛks(t)ɪz|
thank you for v phr • esp S Midl
that pron, conj, adv, art A1a • esp Sth, S Midl
that adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
that conj C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
theater n (pronc) • freq Sth, S Midl |ˈɵi̩etə(r), ɵiˈe-|
theirn pron • esp NEng, Sth, S Midl
theirselves pron • chiefly nNEng, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
them pron, adj (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ðɪm|
them pron B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
them pron B2 • esp Sth, S Midl
them adj C1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
there adv, adj, pron A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
there adv, adj, pron A4 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
they pron2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
they adj • Sth, S Midl
theyselves pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl
thick as three in a bed adj phr, adv phr • orig more widespread; now chiefly S Midl (MAP)
thickened gravy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thimble n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thing n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ɵæŋ, ɵɛŋ, ɵiŋ|
think v (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ɵe(ɪ)ŋk, ɵæŋk|
think v B2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
think v C1 • Sth, S Midl
thisaway adv • scattered, but more freq Atlantic, Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
thob v, n • Sth, S Midl
thought coming, have another v phr • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thoughty adj 1 • chiefly S Midl
thrash n3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
thrip n • esp Sth, S Midl
throat n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |ɵot|
through adv, prep 1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
throw v A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
throw v C1 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
throw v C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
throw off v phr 4 • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
thunder n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tick-a-lock exclam • esp Sth, S Midl
tickle bone n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tickle box n • esp Sth, S Midl
tickler n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
ticky adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tiger n (pronc) • esp S Midl |ˈtægə(r), ˈtɛgər|
tight-shoe day n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
till prep, conj A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
till prep, conj A2 • esp Sth, S Midl
time n C1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
time conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
time about adv phr • chiefly S Midl, esp sAppalachians
timid adj • Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tinesy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tip v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
tire v (pronc) • chiefly S Midl |tɑr|
tire n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl |tɑr|
tit for tat adj phr • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tit-tat-too n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
titty n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
titty baby n • Sth, S Midl
T-model Ford adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
to prep, adv A1a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp VA
to prep B7 • Sth, S Midl
to prep B8 • scattered, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl
to prep B9a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
to prep B9b • chiefly Sth, S Midl
to prep B10 • esp Sth, S Midl
to prep B16 • esp Sth, S Midl
toad-frog n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
toad-frogs, rain v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
toad sack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
toad-strangler n • chiefly Gulf States, S Midl (MAP)
tobacco n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tobacco basket n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
tobacco fly n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tobacco stick n • chiefly S Midl
toboggan n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also Inland Nth
toby n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tod n • esp Sth, S Midl
toe itch n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tofore prep, adv • esp S Midl
token n • chiefly S Midl
told, get one v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tolerable adj, adv B • chiefly Sth, S Midl; also NEng
toll v1 1 • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
tomato n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tomato n A4 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tomato n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tomb rock n • chiefly S Midl
tomcat v • widespread, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
tommytoe n • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
tom walkers n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
toothbrush n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tooth dentist n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
top n 4 • esp NEast; also S Midl
top of the pot n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
torment n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
torn down adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
torn up adj phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tote v A1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tote v A4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tote v A5 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tote v A7 • Sth, S Midl
tote v B1 • Sth, S Midl
tote v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tote sack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tother pron, adj • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl
tottle v 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
touch v, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |tɛč|
touch v, n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
touch v C2 • esp Sth, S Midl, IL (MAP)
touchous adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
touchous adj 2 • Sth, S Midl
toughy (minnow) n • esp S Midl
tourister n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
toward prep A (pronc) • esp S Midl |tɔr, təwɔr, twɑr|
towel n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |tæl, tɑl, tɔl|
town n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |tæ^Un|
town ball n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
town ball n 2a • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
town dude n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tow sack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK
toy n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
toy n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
trace chain n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tracks n 2 • esp S Midl
train, smoke like a v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tramp snow v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
transfer truck n • chiefly SE, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
transparent pudding n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
transport truck n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
trash n • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
tree v 3 • esp Sth, S Midl
tree sugar n • chiefly S Midl
tree syrup n • esp S Midl
trembles n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
trick n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
trick n 1 • Sth, S Midl
trick n 3 • esp S Midl
trick doctor n • Sth, S Midl
trifle on v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
trifling adj 2 • Sth, S Midl
Trigg hound n • esp S Midl
trout n 2a • Sth, S Midl
trout-fish n • formerly widespread, now esp Sth, S Midl
truck n1 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
truck n1 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
try v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tucking comb n • chiefly S Midl
Tuesday n (pronc) • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl |ˈtjuz̩de, -̩dɪ|
Tuesday n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈč(ɪ)uz̩de, -̩dɪ|
tumble v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
tumbleturd n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tump v2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tune up v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
tunnel bed n • esp S Midl
tupelo gum n • Sth, S Midl
turkeyberry n 1 • Sth, S Midl
turkey trot n 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
turkey trot n 4 • chiefly S Midl
turn v A • Sth, S Midl turnt
turn v B3 • esp S Midl
turn v C4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
turn n 3 • S Midl
turn down v phr • chiefly S Midl
turned adj 1 • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
turning plow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
turn out v phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
turnrow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
turpentine n B • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
turtle n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈtɜ(r)k%Ul, ˈtʌk%Ul|
tush hog n 1 • Sth, S Midl
tush hog n 2 • Sth, S Midl
twan't v • esp NEng, S Midl
twice adv, adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |twaɪst|
twister n 1 • Sth, S Midl
two-by-four adj • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
two-eyed cat n • esp Sth, S Midl
ugly adj B1 • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl (MAP)
uncle n 1a • now chiefly Sth, S Midl
uncle n 1b • Sth, S Midl
*uncle n 2 • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
under adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
underbody n • Sth, S Midl
underhold n B • esp S Midl
underpend v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
under the doctor prep phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
unlessen conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
unsweet tea n • Sth, S Midl
unthoughted adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
until conj C1 • Sth, S Midl
up East adv phr • esp Sth, S Midl
upsot v • scattered, but esp S Midl, NEng
uptrip v • chiefly S Midl, esp KY
upwards adv • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
us pron (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |ɝs|
use v A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
use v B • chiefly Sth, S Midl
used to v phr C2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
usen v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
using-ground n • esp Sth, S Midl
V-harrow n • esp Sth, S Midl
vigrous adj • Sth, S Midl
villain n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈvɪljən|
-ville suff (pronc) • Sth, S Midl |-vəl, -v%Ul|
vomit n, v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈvɑmɪk| (MAP)
voodoo n • orig esp New Orleans LA; now scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wag v • Sth, S Midl
wagon greasing n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wagon wheel n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
waiter n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wait on v phr 2 • Sth, S Midl
wake v 1b • formerly widespread; now scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
wake v 1c • esp Sth, S Midl
wake v 2b • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
Walker hound n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wall v • Sth, S Midl
wallet n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wallet n 1b • Sth, S Midl
wallink n 2 • S Midl, esp KY
wallop v • Sth, S Midl
wallow n, v (pronc) • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl |ˈwɑlə(r)|
wallow n, v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wallow n, v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wallow n, v B4 • esp Sth, S Midl
wallow n, v B7a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
walnut n (pronc) • chiefly sNEng, Sth, S Midl |ˈwɔnət|
walnut n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |wɔrnət|
wampus n2 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wander v (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
want v1 (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |wont|
want v1 B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
War between the States n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
War for Southern Independence n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
warrant v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wash n, v B • Sth, S Midl
washateria n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, West, esp TX, LA
washers n • Sth, S Midl
wash-hole n • Sth, S Midl
wasp n 1a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wasp n 2b (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wasp n 2d (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl
wasp nest n 1 • Sth, S Midl
wasper n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
waste n • Sth, S Midl
water n, v A2(pronc) • chiefly S Midl
water n, v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
water buzzard n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
water gap n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp KY
water gravy n • esp Sth, S Midl
water jack n • esp Sth, S Midl
watermelon cutting n • Sth, S Midl
water oak n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
water out v phr 1 • esp S Midl (MAP)
water shelf n • Sth, S Midl
wax n 3 • esp S Midl
we-all pron 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
we-all pron 2 • Sth, S Midl
weak trembles n • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
weaner house n • chiefly S Midl
weapon n (pronc) • chiefly S Midl |ˈwipən, -pɪn|
wear v B1 • esp Sth, S Midl
wear v B3b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, Cent (MAP)
wear v C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
weasly adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP and Map Section)
weather v • Sth, S Midl
weather light n • esp S Midl
weave v A1 • esp Sth, S Midl
web wire n • esp Sth, S Midl
wedge n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
weed one's own row v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
weed sling n • Sth, S Midl
weedy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
week n1 A • esp Sth, S Midl
week n1 Ba • chiefly Sth, S Midl
week n1 Bb • Sth, S Midl
well intj (pronc) • esp NEng, Sth, S Midl |wɑl|
we-uns pron • chiefly S Midl
whack n 2 • Sth, S Midl
whaley n 1 • chiefly Cent, S Midl
whang n3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
what and all pron 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
what for adv phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wheelbarrow seed n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wheelhorse n 2 • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
whelk n • Sth, S Midl
whelp n, v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whelt n, v • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whenever conj a • Sth, S Midl, wPA
whenever conj b • Sth, S Midl
whenevern conj • S Midl
whensomever conj • esp Sth, S Midl
where adv, conj, pron A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
where adv, conj, pron A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
where conj C1 • esp Sth, S Midl
where-all adv • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
wheresomever adv • esp Sth, S Midl
whet n • Sth, S Midl
whether conj 2 • Sth, S Midl
which pron 1 • Sth, S Midl
which pron 2 • Sth, S Midl
which conj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
which from tother pron phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whicker n2 • Sth, S Midl
whickerbill n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whiles conj • esp Sth, S Midl
whindle v • Sth, S Midl
whip v, n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whip v B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whip v B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whip-cracker n 1 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
whippoorwill pea n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whippoorwill winter n • Sth, S Midl
whip-popper n • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whipstitch n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
whiskey house n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whiskey-palian n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
white gravy n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
white liquor n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
white liver n • esp Sth, S Midl
whitening n • Sth, S Midl
white poplar n 2 • chiefly S Midl, esp KY (MAP)
white potato n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
white side meat n • Sth, S Midl
white squash n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
white sumac n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
White trash n • orig Sth, S Midl; now widely known
white whiskey n • Sth, S Midl
whitleather n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whiz n1 • chiefly S Midl
whizzing adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl
who-all pron 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
who laid the rail phr 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whole adj, n (pronc) • chiefly NEng, Sth, S Midl |hʌl|
whonker-jawed adj • esp TX, S Midl
whoo exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whooee exclam 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whooee exclam 3 • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
whoop n C1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
whoop-and-hide n 1 • chiefly S Midl, S Atl (MAP)
whore-hop v phr, • esp Sth, S Midl
widdie intj • chiefly S Midl, esp NC
widow n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |ˈwɪdɚ|
widow n B2 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
widower n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl..|ˈwɪdərə(r)| (MAP)
widowman n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wienie n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, N Cent, West (MAP)
wiggletail n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
wiggletail n 2 • esp Sth, S Midl
wildcat adj • chiefly S Midl, AL, OK (MAP)
wild honeysuckle n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wild oat n 2 • esp S Midl
William n • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl
willipus-wallipus n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
willipus-wallipus n 2 • Sth, S Midl
win v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl winned
winding adv • Sth, S Midl
wire road n • Sth, S Midl
witch doctor n 2 • esp S Midl
witches' stirrup n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
with prep, adv A3 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
with prep, adv A4 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
with prep B1 • esp NEast, Sth, S Midl
without prep, adv, conj A1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEng
without conj B • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl
withouten prep, conj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
withy adj 2 • esp NEng, S Midl
wolf n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
woman n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
woman n B2 • Sth, S Midl
woman-person n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
woodchuck n 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
wood hen n 2 • chiefly S Midl (MAP)
woods burned, since the adv phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
woods child n • esp Sth, S Midl
woods colt n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
woods colt n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wool v 3 • chiefly S Midl
wool-gathered adj • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wool hat n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp S Atl
wopsided adj, adv • formerly scattered, now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
word with the bark on (it) phr • chiefly S Midl
work v 1 • esp Sth, S Midl
work v 2a • chiefly Sth, S Midl
work v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent (MAP)
work down v phr • esp Sth, S Midl
worked down adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl
workhorse n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
working n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
world, go (all the way) around the v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
worm n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
worm n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
worry v, n A1 (pronc) • chiefly S Midl
worry v, n B2 • formerly widespread; now chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
worrywart n • Sth, S Midl
wrinkledy adj • esp Sth, S Midl
write v B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
write v B1c • chiefly Sth, S Midl
write v B2a • esp Sth, S Midl (MAP)
writing spider n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
wrop v • esp Sth, S Midl
wup exclam • esp Sth, S Midl
-y suff1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
yahoo n • widespread, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl
Yankee dime n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp AL (MAP)
Yankee minute n • esp Sth, S Midl
Yankee shot you, where the n • Sth, S Midl
yard broom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
yard egg n • esp Sth, S Midl
yard grass n 2 • esp S Midl
year n1 B • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
yellow adj, n1 A1 (pronc) • scattered, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
yellow adj, n1 A2 (pronc) • widespread, but esp freq Sth, S Midl
yellow n1 B • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
yellowbird n 1 • chiefly NEast, S Midl (MAP)
yellow-breasted lark n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl
yellow catfish n • chiefly Gulf States, S Midl
yerk v, n • esp Sth, S Midl
yes adv 1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
yesterday adv, n (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, occas NEast |ˈjɪstɪ̩dɪ|
yet adv, conj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl |jɪt|
yet adv, conj B2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
yet adv, conj B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
yon adj, pron, adv, n (pronc) • esp Sth, S Midl |jæn|
yon adj, pron, adv, n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp sAppalachians
yonder adv, adj, n A1 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl (MAP)
yonder adv, adj, n A5 (pronc) • Sth, S Midl
yonder adv B1 • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl (MAP)
yonder adv B3 • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl
yonder adv B4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
yonder n Db • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
yonder way adv phr • chiefly S Midl
yonkapin n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
yonside adv, prep • esp S Midl
yonway adv • chiefly S Midl
you pron1 A2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl
you pron1 B1b • esp Sth, S Midl
you pron1 B2 • chiefly S Midl
you-all pron, adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl
you-alls pron1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl
you-all's adj, pron2 • Sth, S Midl
you-alls's adj, pron • Sth, S Midl
you-un pron • esp S Midl
you-uns all pron • S Midl
you-unses pron • esp S Midl
you-uns's adj, pron • esp S Midl
young one n • esp Sth, S Midl
your adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl yo(ah), yore
your-all's adj, pron • Sth, S Midl
yourn pron • esp NEng, Sth, S Midl
yourns pron • chiefly Sth, S Midl
yourns's adj, pron • S Midl
zip n • chiefly Sth, S Midl
zoon v 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp GA
Southwest (See also Desert Southwest)
-a • chiefly wNEng south through NC (exc NYC and Philadelphia PA areas), Cent and SW
a prep1 5 • throughout US, but esp freq in Midl, SW; less freq Sth, NEng
abra n • SW, esp TX
abrojo n • SW
acequia n • SW
acion n • SW
adios intj, n • scattered, but esp SW (MAP)
adobe n • SW, West, and Spanish settlement areas
adobe n 4 • SW, esp CA
adobe dollar n • SW
adobe-maker n • SW
agarita n • SW esp TX
agave n • chiefly SW
agregado n • SW
agrillo n • SW
agrito n • SW
aguardiente n • chiefly SW, Gulf States
à la Comanche adv phr • SW
alacran n • SW
alameda n • SW
alamo n • SW
alberca n • SW
albondigas n pl • SW
albur n • SW
alcabala n • SW
alcalde n • SW
alcaldia n • SW
alegria n • SW
algaroba n • SW, HI
algeredo n • SW
alguacil n • SW
alkali weed n 1 • SW
alkali weed n 2 • SW
all-spine n • SW
almud n • SW
alto n • SW
ambulance n B1 • SW
American adj • West, esp SW
amigo n • SW, but recognized throughout US
amole n • SW
ancón n • SW
ándale v phr • chiefly SW
angel’s-trumpet n 2 • SW
Anglo n • formerly SW, now widely recognized
Anglo-American n • formerly SW, now recognized throughout US
anquera n • SW
antelope chipmunk n • SW
antelope ground squirrel n • SW
Apache plume n • West esp SW
aparejo n • West, esp SW
aparejo grass n • chiefly SW
apple n 1 • SW
arapajo n • SW
Arizona nightingale n • chiefly SW
Arizona tenor n • SW
armas n pl • SW
armitas n pl • SW
arrastra n • SW
arriero n • SW
arroba n • SW
arrowbrush n • SW
arrowweed n 1 • SW
arrowwood n e • chiefly SW
arroyo n • chiefly SW (MAP)
arroz con pollo n • chiefly SW and other Spanish settlement areas
atajo n • SW
atole n • chiefly SW
ayuntamiento n • SW
azote n • SW
azotea n • chiefly SW
badger fight n • SW, esp TX
baile n • SW
bajada n • SW
baldhead n 2 • SW
banco n • SW
bandido n • SW
barboquejo n • SW
barranca n • SW
barrio n • chiefly SW
basto n • SW
batea n • SW
bat hide n • chiefly SW
bayeta n • SW
bayo n 2 • SW
beaner n 2 • chiefly SW
bequilla n • SW
big feathergrass n • chiefly SW
blackbrush n • chiefly SW
black chaparral n • chiefly SW
black racer n 2 • SW
blinky adj 1a • chiefly W Midl, Plains States, SW (MAP)
blue quail n • SW
bolson n • chiefly SW
booger v1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW
bosal n • chiefly SW
bosque n • chiefly SW
brace n 1 • esp SW
bracero n • chiefly SW
break in two v phr • SW
Brigham tea n • SW
bronco adj • West, esp SW
bug n1 5b • chiefly Mid and S Atl, SW (MAP)
bullbat n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, SW, scattered S Midl (MAP)
burrito n • orig SW
burro n • chiefly SW
caballada n • SW
caballero n • SW
caballo n • West, esp SW
cabestro n • SW
cachimilla n • SW
cactus quail n • SW
cajon n • SW
calabacilla n • SW
calf-slobber(s) n • chiefly S Midl, SW
caliche n • SW, esp TX
camisa n • chiefly SW
campo santo n • SW
canatillo n • SW
candlewood n 3 • SW
caporal n • SW, esp TX
carajo pole n • chiefly SW
carcel n • SW
careless weed n 1 • chiefly W Midl, SW (MAP)
carga n • SW
cargador n • SW
carpintero n • SW
carreta n • SW
cast-iron dog n • SW
catgut n 2 • SW
cat’s-claw n • SW
cenizo n • chiefly SW
cerro n • SW
chalupa n • chiefly SW
chaparajos n pl • chiefly West, esp SW
chaparral n • chiefly SW
chaparral berry n 2 • SW, esp TX
chaparral cock n • chiefly SW
chaparreras n pl • chiefly SW
chapo adj, n • chiefly SW
chapulin n • SW
chaqueta n • SW
charco n • SW
charro n • SW
chia n • SW
chicalote n • SW
chicharron n • SW
chicken pulling n • SW
chico n2 • SW
chihuahua intj • SW
Chihuahua town n • SW
chilacayote n • SW
chili joint n • chiefly SW
chilipitin n • chiefly SW, esp TX
chili relleno n • chiefly SW but widely recognized elsewhere
chiquito n • chiefly SW
chittamwood n 2 • chiefly Sth, SW
chittamwood n 3 • chiefly Sth, SW
chivarras n pl • SW
cholla n • SW
cholo n • chiefly SW
cienaga n • chiefly SW
cimarron n • West, esp SW
circus beetle n • SW
civvy cat n • chiefly SW, Cent
coachwhip n • SW
coal oil n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley and SW
coca-cola n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW
cocinero n • SW
cock-a-doodle-do(o) n • SW
cold-jawed adj • SW
colear v, n • SW
colonche n • SW
Colorado turkey n • SW
comadre n • SW
comal n1 • SW
comandante n • SW
compadre n • SW
compañera n • SW
compañero n • chiefly SW
compressed hay n • SW
concha n • SW
conducta n • SW
cooncan n • esp Sth, SW
coon cat n 2 • SW
coosie n • SW
corn dog n • esp Gulf States, SW
corona n • SW
corona de Cristo n • SW
cotton-picking adv • esp Sth, SW
cottontop n 2 • chiefly SW
counterbrand n, v • chiefly SW
cowbrute n • chiefly Midl, SW
cow crowd n • SW
cowhand n • chiefly SW
cow horse n • chiefly SW
cow-pen Spanish n • SW
cowpunch v • SW
cow waddy n • chiefly SW
cow wood n • SW
cow work n • SW
coyote brush n • SW
creek plum n • SW
cricket n1 1 • SW
cuckleburr n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
cuidado v • SW
cuna n • SW
dancing devil n • SW
deer grass n 4 • SW
desert pavement n • SW
desert turtle n • SW, esp sCA
desert varnish n • SW
die-up n • SW
dinero n 1 • SW
dobe n • chiefly West, esp SW
dobe n 3 • SW, Pacific (MAP)
dry-land turtle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, SW (MAP and Map Section)
dueno n • SW
dulce n • chiefly West, esp SW
eating joint n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
enchilada n • orig SW, CA, but now widely recognized (MAP)
encinal n • SW
escusada n • SW
estafiata n • SW
estufa n • SW
exalted ppl adj B • SW
faded snake n • SW
fairground v • SW
fandango n • chiefly SW
fanega n • SW
fierro n • SW
fiesta n • chiefly SW, esp CA, TX
fonda n • SW
fool quail n • SW
freno n • SW
fresno n 1 • SW
fried bread n 2 • esp SW
frijole n • chiefly SW (MAP)
frijolillo n • SW
garambullo n • SW
garapata n • SW
garbanzo n • orig SW
genuine adj (pronc) • chiefly Sth, SW
globe mallow n 1 • esp SW
goathead n • chiefly SW (MAP)
goldenbush n • SW
goldeneye n 4 • chiefly SW
goober n1 1 • widespread, but chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, SW (MAP)
gorge n1 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, Appalachians, Gt Lakes, SW (MAP)
gotch adj • chiefly SW
gracias exclam • scattered, but chiefly SW (MAP)
greaser n B1 • scattered, but esp SW, CO (MAP)
green fly n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
grulla adj • chiefly SW, esp TX
hacienda n • chiefly SW
heel fly n • chiefly West, esp SW (MAP)
hombre n • chiefly West, esp SW
hoosegow n 1 • orig SW; now widespread
hydrant n 1b • esp SW, Gulf States (MAP)
hydrophobia skunk n • chiefly SW
iodine bush n • SW
Italian squash n • scattered, but esp CA, SW
jacal n • SW
jimpsecute n • MS, SW, esp TX
junco n2 1 • chiefly SW
killdeer n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW, Pacific (MAP)
king snake n 1 • chiefly Sth, SW
kiva n • chiefly SW
ladrone n • SW
lechuguilla n • SW, esp TX
lemon mint n 1 • esp Plains States, SW
let the hammer down v phr • SW
loafer n • chiefly SW
loma n • esp SW
maguey n 1 • Gulf States, SW
majordomo n • SW
malpais n • SW
manada n • chiefly SW
mangana n • SW
mariola n • chiefly SW
matchweed n • chiefly SW
menudo n • chiefly SW
mesa n 1 • chiefly West, esp SW, CO (MAP)
mescal n • SW
mescat acacia n • SW
mescrew n • SW
mesquital n • chiefly SW
mesquite n • chiefly SW, esp TX
mesquite bean n • chiefly SW
mestizo n • chiefly SW
metate n • chiefly SW
Mexican adj, n • chiefly SW, esp TX Mescan, Meskin, Messakin
Mexican adj B1 • chiefly West, esp SW
Mexican dove n • SW, esp TX
Mexican mulberry n 1 • SW
Mexican poppy n • chiefly SW, esp TX
Mexican quail n • SW
milo maize n • chiefly Plains States, SW (MAP)
milpa n • SW
monte n • chiefly SW
morral n (pronc) • SW, esp NM, wTX
mount n 1 • chiefly SW
mountain boomer n 3 • chiefly Ozarks, SW
mouth organ n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Inland Nth, C Atl; also S Atl, SW (MAP and Map Section)
Navajo tea n • SW
nogal n • SW
nopal n • SW
*oceans n pl • scattered, but less freq S Midl, SW (MAP)
of prep Bb • esp Appalachians, Lower Missip Valley, SW (MAP)
Oklahoma rain n • chiefly SW, Plains States
Old Mexico n • chiefly SW
olla n • SW
osha n • SW
pachuco n • SW, esp sCA, TX
paint adj • widespread, but chiefly SW, esp TX (MAP)
paisano n 1a • SW
pallet n • chiefly Sth, W Midl, SW (MAP)
pan dulce n • SW
papa n2 2 (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
partner n A • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
pasear n • SW
pastor n1 • SW
pelado n • chiefly SW
peon n 1 • chiefly SW
picacho n • SW
picket house n • chiefly SW
pie melon n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
pinacate bug n • SW
pinole n • SW
piñon nut n • SW
pinto adj • orig SW; now widespread, but more freq West (MAP)
pinto bean n • orig chiefly SW, but now widely scattered exc NEast (MAP)
piroot v • chiefly Sth, SW
pitahaya n • SW
pitahaya dulce n • SW
plait v • chiefly Sth, Midl, SW (MAP)
playa n • West, esp SW
plaza n • chiefly SW
poke bonnet n • formerly widespread, now more freq Sth, SW (MAP)
poñil n • SW
poor adj Ba • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
poor boy v phr • scattered, but chiefly SW, Gulf States
poor White n 2a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, SW (MAP)
portal n • SW
pot hound n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW
potrero n 2 • SW
potro n • SW
pozo n • SW
prod pole n • chiefly Rocky Mts, SW (MAP)
pueblo n • SW
pull the badger v phr • SW
pulque n • SW
quebrada n • SW
quelite n • SW
quien sabe phr • SW
quirt n • chiefly West, esp SW
*quits exclam • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl, SW, Cent (MAP)
racer n 1d • SW
ramada n • chiefly SW
ranchero n • SW
raster n • SW
reata n • chiefly SW
rebozo n • SW
refrigeration n • chiefly SW
rincon n • chiefly SW
rise v A1a • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, SW; also NEast (MAP)
rock lizard n • SW
rodeo n (pronc) • esp CA, SW |ˌroˈde-o|
*root cellar n • widespread, but less freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
rosin n A4 (pronc) • scattered Sth, S Midl, SW
runaround n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
sacahuista n 1 • SW
salsa n • orig CA, SW, but now widely recognized
salt cedar n 1 • chiefly SW, Gulf States
sand auger n • SW
scorpion n (pronc) • scattered Sth, S Midl, SW |ˈskɔrpən, -pɪn, -pin|
scorpion mouse n • SW
seesaw n 1 • chiefly Atlantic, Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP and Map Section)
segundo n • esp SW
serape n • chiefly West, esp SW
sharecropper n • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
shorthorn n 1 • chiefly SW
siene bean n • esp SW
*skift n2 1 • widespread exc NEast, Sth, SW (MAP)
slouch n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
snuff stick n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW, TX (MAP)
sop n 2 • esp SW
sow bosom n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW
steal v B1b • scattered, but most freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
steal v B2c • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
store-bought adj phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
sugan n 2 • chiefly West, esp Rocky Mts, SW (MAP)
summons v • chiefly NEast, Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
sundown n • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
swallow fork n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
swamp cooler n • chiefly West, esp SW
taco n 1 • orig SW, but now widespread (MAP)
taco n 2 • esp SW
tamale n1 • orig chiefly SW, CA, but now widely recognized (MAP)
tamale pie n • orig chiefly SW, esp CA; now more widely recognized (MAP)
tank n1 1 • chiefly SW, esp TX
tap n2 2 • widespread, but esp freq Sth, S Midl, SW (MAP)
tarabilla n • esp SW
tarpole wagon n • chiefly Midl, SW
throw down v phr • esp Gulf States, SW
throw off v phr 1 • chiefly SW
tiger n B1 • chiefly Sth, SW
tinaja n • SW
toloache n • chiefly SW
tomatillo n • chiefly SW
tortilla n • orig SW, but now widespread (MAP)
tostada n • orig SW, but now widespread
traffic circle n • chiefly Atlantic, Gulf States, SW (MAP)
trout n 2c • SW
Tucson bed n • esp SW
tulare n • chiefly SW
tule n 1 • chiefly Pacific (esp CA), SW
Turk's head n 1 • SW
turn v C5 • SW
turpentine bush n • SW
twist n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Sth, SW (MAP)
umbrella n A2a (pronc) • widespread, but esp Midl, Sth, SW (MAP)
urp v1 • scattered, but chiefly Missip Valley, GA, SW (MAP)
valley fever n • SW, esp CA
vaquero n • chiefly SW, esp TX
vara n • SW, esp NM, TX
vega n • SW
*vegetable cellar n • scattered, but less freq S Atl, Gulf States, SW (MAP)
verdolaga n • chiefly SW
viga n • SW
wet adj 1 • SW, esp TX
wetback n • orig chiefly TX, SW; now more widespread
wheel n 2 • scattered, but esp W Midl, SW (MAP)
white lightning n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Midl, SW (MAP)
wild buckwheat n 2 • chiefly Sth, SW
wire grass n 2e • chiefly Sth, SW
*woven wire n • widespread, but less freq Atl coast, Gulf States, SW, Pacific (MAP)
yant n • SW, esp AZ
yedra n • SW
zaguan n • chiefly SW
zarza n • SW
Spanish (See also Spanish, American; Spanish, Cuban; Spanish, Mexican)
abra n • [Span]
acequia n • [Span]
acion n • [Span]
adios intj, n • [Span: lit to God, as Eng good-bye < God be with you] (MAP)
adobe n • SW, West, and Spanish settlement areas
agarita n • [MexSpan, from Span agrito sorrel]
agregado n • [Span]
agrillo n • [MexSpan, from Span agrilla sorrel]
agrito n • [Span “sorrel”]
aguardiente n • [Span “brandy”]
ajo n • [Span ajo garlic]
alacran n • [Span alacrán]
alameda n • [Span, from alamo poplar]
alamo n • [Span]
alberca n • [Span “pond, pool”]
albondigas n pl • [Span albóndiga ball of forcemeat]
albur n • [Span albures]
alcabala n • [Span]
alcalde n • [Span]
alcaldia n • [Span]
alforja n • [Span alforja]
algodon n • [Span algodón cotton]
alguacil n • [Span]
aliso n • [Span “alder tree”]
almud n • [Span]
alto n • [Span]
amargoso n • [MexSpan < Span amargoso bitter, referring to the bark]
amigo n • [Span]
ancón n • [Span ancón corner]
ándale v phr • [Span]
Angeleno n • [From Los Angeles + Span -eño resident of]
aparejo n • [Span]
appola n • [..the US use, occas considered an Indian loan, is prob infl by Span a palo on a stick]
armas n pl • [Span arma weapon]
arrastra n • [Span, from arrastrar to trail along the ground]
arriero n • [Span]
arroba n • [Span]
arroyo n • [Span] (MAP)
arroz con pollo n • chiefly SW and other Spanish settlement areas
atajo n • [Span hatajo small herd or flock]
ayuntamiento n • [Span]
azote n • [Span]
azotea n • [Span]
baile n • [Span]
baile chango n • [baile + Span chango monkey..]
bajada n • [Span]
banco n • [Span]
bandido n • [Span]
barboquejo n • [Span]
barranca n • [Span]
barrio n • [Span]
basto n • [Span]
batea n • [Span]
bayeta n • [Span bayeta baize]
bayo n • [Span]
bollo n • [AmSpan, from Span bollo small loaf or roll]
bonito n • [Prob Span]
borinki n • [Alter of Span Borinqueño, from Borinquén earlier name for Puerto Rico]
borracho n, adj • [Span]
borrego n • [Span borrego young lamb]
bosal n • [Span bozal muzzle]
bosque n • [Span bosque..]
bracero n • [Span bracero one with strong arms, hence, a laborer]
brasada n • [Span brazada having many arms or branches]
brasero n • [Span]
brasil n • [Prob Span]
bronco adj • [Span]
brujo n • [Span]
buckaroo n • [Alter of Span vaquero cowboy..]
bungo n • Spanish settlement areas..
burro n • [Span burro donkey]
caballero n • [Span caballero a man on horseback]
caballo n • [Span]
cabestro n • [Span cabestro halter]
cabeza n • [Span]
cabezon n • [Span cabezón bighead]
cabrito n • [Span “young goat”]
cadillo n • [Span, burdock or similar plant]
cajon n • [Span “box”]
calabasate n • [Span calabazate]
calaboose n • [Span calabozo dungeon] (MAP)
caliche n • [Span]
calzone n • [..Span calzónes trousers]
cama n • [Span “bed”]
camisa n • [Span]
campo santo n • [Span]
canyon n • [Span cañón..]
caporal n • [Span “chief”]
carcel n • [Span]
carga n • [Span]
cargador n • [Span]
caronie n • [Alter of Span carona..]
carpintero n • [Span “carpenter”]
carreta n • [Span]
cascaron n • [MexSpan < Span cascaron eggshell]
cavalla n • [Span]
cebolleta n • [Dimin of Span cebolla onion, bulb]
cenizo n • [Span]
cerro n • [Span]
chaqueta n • [Span]
charco n • [Span]
chicharra n • [Span]
chicharron n • [Span]
chico n2 • [Span]
chinch n1 • [Span chinche]
chiquito n • [Span]
chispa n • [Span chispa sparkle..]
chorizo n • [Port chouriço; Span chorizo..]
chourisse n • [?Fr rendering of Span chorizo]
chubasco n • [Span]
chufa n • [Span]
cienaga n • [Span]
cilantro n • [Span]
cinch n1 • [Span cincha]
cochino n • [Span cochino hog]
cocinero n • [Span “cook”]
coco plum n • [coco, from Span icaco, ult from Island Carib hikáku..]
colcha n • [Span]
colchon n • [Span colchón]
colear v, n • [Span colear]
comadre n • [Span]
comandante n • [Span]
commune n • [Span común toilet..]
compadre n • [Span compadre godfather, friend]
compañera n • [Span]
compañero n • [Span]
comprehende v • [Appar a blend of comprehend + Span comprender]
concha n • [Span concha shell]
concho grass n • [..cf Span concho corn husk]
conducta n • [Span “convoy”]
conque n • [Span “wherewithal”]
contrayerba n • [Span contrahierba antidote..]
coquina n • [Span “cockle, soft shelly stone”]
corona n • [Span “crown”]
corral n • [Span]
corrida n • [Span “race”]
corvina n • [Span]
crucillo n • [Span “little cross”]
cruso n • [Perh alter of Span cruz tail of a coin]
cucaracha n • [Span]
cuidado v • [Span]
cuna n • [Span “cradle”]
dally welter n • [Span dale vuelta give it a turn]
datil n • [Span dátil date]
dinero n 1 • [Span]
dorado n • [Span “gilded”]
dormidera n • [Span “soporiferous, narcotic”]
dos reales n • [Span..]
dueno n • [Span dueño]
dulce n • [Span dulce sweet]
el ropo n • [Quasi-Span..]
el stinko n • [Quasi-Span]
embarcadero n • [Span]
encinal n • [Span “holm-oak grove”]
encino n • [Span encina]
escobita n • [Span dimin of escoba broom]
escusada n • [Span excusado washroom, toilet]
esplanade n • [Fr; in Texas, prob infl by Span explanada lawn]
estero n • [Span]
estray(ed) adj • [..perh infl by Span pronc estray for Engl stray]
estufa n • [Span “stove, heated room”]
fandango n • [Span]
fanega n • [Span]
fiador n • [Span]
fierro n • [Span “iron; brand”]
fiesta n • [Span]
fofarraw n • [Span fanfarrón braggart..]
fonda n • [Span]
freno n • [Span freno bridle or bit]
fresno n • [Span “ash tree”]
frijole n • [Span frijol kidney bean] (MAP)
frijolillo n • [AmSpan; dimin of Span frijol bean]
galleta n • [Span galleta hardtack]
gallito n • [Span “little rooster”]
gancho n • [Span gancho hook, shepherd’s crook]
garapata n • [Span garrapata tick]
garbanzo n • [Span]
gavilan n • [Span gavilán sparrow hawk]
gordolobo n • [Transf from or perh confused with Span gordolobo great mullein]
gotch adj • [Span gacho turned or bent downwards]
gourde n • [LaFr < Fr (piastre) gourde < Span gordo fat]
gracias exclam • [Span] (MAP)
grama grass n • [Span grama coarse grass]
griffe n • [LaFr < AmSpan grifo the offspring of a White and a Black < Span grifo, of hair: kinky]
grouper n 1a • [Port garoupa, Span garopa]
grunion n • [Cf Span gruñon grumbler]
hacienda n • [Span]
hackamore n • [Span jáquima]
hard dollar n • [Perh from Span peso duro hard peso, the Spanish or Spanish American “silver dollar”]
hediondilla n • [Span hediondo literally “stinker”..]
hojase n • [Perh rel to Span hoja leaf, hojoso, -a leafy]
hombre n • [Span]
honda n • [Prob < Span hondón an eyelet..]
hoosegow n • [Span juzgado..]
incienso n • [Span “incense”..]
inmortal n • [Span]
jabalina n • [Span jabalí wild boar, jabalina wild sow]
jinete n • [Span]
jota n • [Span]
junco n2 • [Span junco rush]
ladino adj • [AmSpan < Span ladino cunning, crafty]
ladrone n • [Span ladrón]
laguna n • [Span]
lasso n, v • [Span lazo]
latigo n • [Span]
lent n1 • [Perh < Span lento slow, sluggish]
liza n2 • [Span lisa, liza mullet]
loafer n • [Folk-etyms for Span lobo wolf]
lobo n • [Span]
loco adj • [Span “crazy, insane”]
loma n • [Span]
luminaria n • [Span]
Madeira n • [..var of Span madera wood..]
madreselva n • [Span “honeysuckle”]
madrone n • [Span madroño]
malpais n • [Span mal bad + país country]
manada n • [Span “herd”]
mangana n • [Span “lasso”]
mangle n1 • [Span < Taino]
manta n • [Span “blanket, cloak”]
manzana apple n • [..Span manzana apple]
manzanilla n • [Span dimin of manzana apple]
manzanita n • [Span dimin of manzana apple]
mariposa n • [Span “butterfly”]
mauger adj • [..Ital, Port, Span magro]
medialuna n • [Span “half moon”]
menudo n • [Span menudo entrails]
mesa n • [Span “table”]
mesquital n • [Span mezquital]
mestizo n • [Span “mixed, hybrid”]
mimbre n • [Span mimbre osier, willow]
mochila n • [Span]
mogote n • [MexSpan < Span mogote hillock]
mojarra n • [Span mojarra, var of moharra spearhead] (MAP)
monte n • [Span “thicket”]
morral n • [Span morral]
nigger n1 • [nigger < earlier neger < Fr nègre < Span, Port negro..]
nogal n • [Span]
nubia n • [..< Span nube shawl, literally “cloud”]
olla n • [Span]
orejana n • [Span orejano, -na, adj..< oreja ear]
paisano n • [Span]
paniolo n • [Haw pronc-sp for Span español..]
parada n • [Appar < Span parada..]
pargo n • [Appar < Span..]
partida n • [Span]
pasear n • [Span pasear to take a walk]
pastor n1 • [Span pastor]
patata n1 • [Cf Span patata potato]
pelado n • [Span]
pelota n • [Span]
Penitente n • [Span]
peon n • [Span “peasant”]
periagua n • [Varr of Span, ult of Cariban origin]
picacho n • [Span]
pickaninny n • [W Afr and W Indian Creoles, of Span or Port origin; OED2 1657 ➝]
picuda n • [Span]
pintado n • [Span “painted”..]
piojo n • [Span]
pirogue n • [Fr < Span piragua, of Cariban origin] (MAP)
pitahaya dulce n • [..Span dulce sweet]
playa n • [Span playa a beach]
plaza n • [Span]
poco pronto adv phr • [Pseudo Span]
pompano n • [Span pámpano for Stromateus fiatola]
pooch n2 • [Prob Span puchera, puchero stew]
portal n • [Span]
posada n • [AmSpan < Span posada inn..]
potrero n • [Span “pasture”]
potro n • [Span]
pozo n • [Span pozo]
pueblo n • [Span pueblo people, village]
puma n • [Span < Quechua]
pungle v • [Span póngale put it down]
quartee n • [Abbr for quartillo < Span cuartillo]
quebrada n • [Span < quebrar to break]
quien sabe phr • [Span quién sabe]
quinceanera n • Span settlement areas
quinine n • [Orig Quechua, via Span quinina or Fr quinine]
ramada n • [Span]
reata n • [Span reata]
rebozo n • [Span reboza]
reina n • [Appar Span reina, literally “queen”]
retama n • [MexSpan < Span retama plant of the genus Genista]
rincon n • [Span rinc➝on corner]
ristra n • [Span “a string (of chilis, garlic, onions, etc)”]
robalo n • [Span]
roble n • [Span “oak”]
rodeo n B • [Span rodeo a cattle roundup] (MAP)
romal n • [Var of Span ramal a strand (of a cord)]
romero n • [MexSpan < Span “rosemary”]
roncadina n • [Span dimin of roncador]
roncador n • [Span, literally “snorer,” from the noise it makes]
ronco n • [Span, literally “hoarse,” from the noise it makes]
sabina n2 • [Span sabina, -o]
salsa n • [Span salsa sauce]
salud intj • [Span, literally “health”]
sargo n • [Span]
sassafras n • [Span sassafrás (of uncert orig)..]
segundo n • [Span]
sendero n • [Span sendero path]
sierra n • [Span sierra, literally “saw”]
sombrerillo n • [Span ``little hat'']
souvian n • [..< Span varsoviano of Warsaw]
tabby n • [Span tapia (wall of) earth tamped in forms..]
tacamahac n • [From obs Span tacamahaca < Nahuatl..]
tapadero n • [MexSpan use of Span tapadera cover, lid]
tarabilla n • [Span tarabilla]
tasso n • [LaFr tasso..prob from Span tasajo dried salt meat]
ten-gallon hat n • [..prob based on (perh deliberate) mistranslation of Span galón galloon..]
tomatillo n • [Span dimin of tomate tomato]
tornillo n • [MexSpan tornillo < Span tornillo screw]
toro n • [Span toro..bull]
torosa n • [Span toroso, -a robust]
tostada n • [MexSpan tostada < Span tostado toasted]
uña de gato n • [Span, literally ``cat's claw'']
vamoose v • [vamos; for analogous exx of the shift from [o] to [u] in..Span loans, cf buckaroo..]
vamos v • [Span vamos let's go]
vaquero n • [Span]
vara n • [Span]
vega n • [Span]
vent n • [Span venta a sale]
verdolaga n • [Span]
viga n • [Span]
vino n • [Span, Ital] (MAP)
volador n • [Span volador flyer]
yedra n • [Span hiedra ivy]
yerba bonita n • [Span]
yerba buena n • [Span]
yerba cana n • [Span]
yerba de selva n • [Span]
yerba del oso n • [Span]
yerba del pasmo n • [Span..]
yerba mansa n • [Span]
yerba salada n • [Span]
yerba santa n • [Span]
zaguan n • [Span zaguan]
zanja n • [Span zanja]
zanjero n • [Span zanjero]
zarza n • [Span zarza bramble, blackberry bush]
balao n • [AmSpan balajú]
belduque n • [AmSpan]
bequilla n • [AmSpan]
bolita n • [AmSpan bolita dimin of bola ball]
bollo n • [AmSpan, from Span bollo small loaf or roll]
broadus n • [..coalescence of brotta..with AmSpan barata..]
bungo n • [AmSpan bongo, prob from an Afr language]
burinki n • [AmSpan Borinqueño native of Puerto Rico]
caballada n • [AmSpan]
cachimilla n • [AmSpan]
canchalagua n • [AmSpan]
candelilla n • [AmSpan “little candle”..]
caouane n • [Cf AmSpan caguama..]
centipede n • [..forms without d or t are from AmSpan cientopié..]
chachalaca n • [AmSpan, imit of the bird’s cry]
chamisal n • [AmSpan chamiso + -al, “a grove of”]
chamise n • [AmSpan chamiso < Span chamizo..]
chamise brush n • [chamise < AmSpan chamiso + brush..]
chamise lily n • [chamise < AmSpan chamiso + lily..]
changa n • [AmSpan]
chaparro n1 • [AmSpan]
chico n1 • [AmSpan]
chigaderos n pl • [AmSpan]
chileno n • [Perh AmSpan Chileno from Chile]
cholo n • [AmSpan]
chopa blanca n • [AmSpan]
chopa spina n • [AmSpan]
chuchupate n • [AmSpan]
cimarron n • [AmSpan cimarrón wild]
coontra n • [AmSpan contra extra..]
coosie n • [Alter and abbr of AmSpan cocinero, -a]
cumaro n • [AmSpan cumbio, cumbro hackberry]
damiana n • [AmSpan]
filaree n • [Var of AmSpan alfilerillo]
frijolillo n • [AmSpan; dimin of Span frijol bean]
golondrina n • [AmSpan “swallow” (ornith)]
griffe n • [LaFr < AmSpan grifo the offspring of a White and a Black < Span grifo, of hair: kinky]
guaco n • [AmSpan]
islay n • [AmSpan]
jerk v2 • [..from AmSpan charquear < charqui]
jerky n2 • [AmSpan charqui < Quechua ch’arki] (MAP)
ladino adj • [AmSpan < Span ladino cunning, crafty]
lariat n • [AmSpan la reata the rope, lasso]
maguey n • [AmSpan]
majordomo n • [AmSpan mayordomo]
paint adj • [Calque from AmSpan pinto spotted..] (MAP)
palometa n • [AmSpan]
pan dulce n • [AmSpan]
penco n • [AmSpan]
penoche n • [AmSpan panoche raw brown sugar] (MAP)
permit n • [Folk-etym for AmSpan palometa]
pial n, v • [AmSpan..]
pinole n • [AmSpan]
pinto adj • [AmSpan “spotted, painted”] (MAP)
pitahaya n • [AmSpan < Taino pitahaya]
placer n • [AmSpan placer a deposit]
pompon n • [AmSpan..]
posada n • [AmSpan < Span posada inn..]
quinceanera n • [AmSpan quinceañero, -a fifteen-year-old]
racacha n • [LaFr < AmSpan..< Quechua..]
ranch n • [AmSpan rancho a rude farmhouse, makeshift village] (MAP)
ranchero n • [AmSpan]
rancho n • [AmSpan]
sacred bark n • [Calque of AmSpan cascara sagrada]
santapee n • [..cf AmSpan cientopié]
sopaipilla n • [AmSpan]
sotol n • [AmSpan < Nahuatl]
tank n1 1 • [..US use..was prob reborrowed from, or at least strongly infl by, AmSpan tanque.]
tecolote n • [AmSpan tecolote < Nahuatl]
tinaja n • [AmSpan tinaja water jar]
tulare n • [AmSpan]
tuna n1 • [AmSpan..]
verdin n • [AmSpan]
warsaw n • [Alter of AmSpan guasa jewfish]
zorillo n • [AmSpan zorrillo, zorilla skunk]
bolichi roast n • [CubanSpan boliche round of beef + roast]
agarita n • [MexSpan, from Span agrito sorrel]
agrillo n • [MexSpan, from Span agrilla sorrel]
alegria n • [MexSpan alegría]
amargoso n • [MexSpan < Span amargoso bitter, referring to the bark]
amole n • [MexSpan]
anacahuita n • [MexSpan]
anaqua n • [MexSpan anacua]
anquera n • [MexSpan]
atole n • [MexSpan]
bisbirinda n • [MexSpan bizbirinda]
bisnaga n • [MexSpan biznaga]
bolson n • [MexSpan bolsón]
borrasca n • [MexSpan borrasca unproductiveness (of a mine)]
burrito n • [MexSpan “little donkey”]
cacomite n • [MexSpan]
calabacilla n • [MexSpan dimins of calabaza]
cascaron n • [MexSpan < Span cascaron eggshell]
cerillo n • [MexSpan cerillo wax match]
chalupa n • [MexSpan “small canoe; small oval cake”]
chaparral n • [MexSpan]
chaparreras n pl • [MexSpan]
chapo adj, n • [MexSpan]
chapote n • [MexSpan]
chapulin n • [MexSpan]
charro n • [MexSpan]
chayote n • [MexSpan]
chia n • [MexSpan chía]
chicalote n • [MexSpan]
chihuahua intj • [Mex Span]
chilacayote n • [MexSpan]
chilchote n • [MexSpan]
chili colorado n • [MexSpan]
chilicothe n • [MexSpan..]
chilipitin n • [MexSpan chiltipiquin]
chili relleno n • [MexSpan chile + relleno stuffed]
chivarras n pl • [MexSpan]
cholla n • [MexSpan]
chongo n • [MexSpan “bun of hair”]
chuckwalla n • [MexSpan chacahuala]
chuparosa n • [MexSpan chuparrosa]
colonche n • [MexSpan]
coma n • [MexSpan]
comal n1 • [MexSpan]
cooncan n • [Folk-etym of MexSpan con quién with whom]
coyote n • [MexSpan]
coyotillo n • [MexSpan coyot(e) + -illo, dimin]
estafiata n • [MexSpan estafiate]
garambullo n • [MexSpan]
garbancillo n • [MexSpan; dimin of garbanzo]
gobernadora n • [MexSpan]
granjeno n • [MexSpan]
grulla adj • [MexSpan grullo (masc), grulla (fem) rose gray, dark gray]
guayacan n • [MexSpan]
hediondilla n • [..MexSpan dimin hediondillo, -a..]
huajillo n • [MexSpan]
huero n • [MexSpan]
huisache n • [MexSpan]
jacal n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl xacalli hut]
jalapeño n • [MexSpan < jalapeño pertaining to Jalapa Enríquez, Veracruz, Mexico] (MAP)
jilote n • [MexSpan]
lechillo n • [MexSpan]
lechuguilla n • [MexSpan lechuguilla]
leppy n • [MexSpan lepe an orphan calf]
mal de ojos n • [MexSpan..]
mariola n • [MexSpan]
mecate n • [MexSpan]
mescal n • [MexSpan mezcal ..< Nahuatl mexcalli..]
mesquite n • [MexSpan mezquite < Nahuatl mizquitl]
metate n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl metatl]
metiche n • [MexSpan]
milpa n • [MexSpan milpa]
mogote n • [MexSpan < Span mogote hillock]
monilla n • [MexSpan]
nopal n • [MexSpan nopalli, ult < Nahuatl..]
ocote n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl ocotl torch]
ocotillo n • [MexSpan ocotillo.., dimins of ocote]
paisano n 2 • [MexSpan; prob folk-etym for faisán..]
palmilla n • [MexSpan, literally “little palm”]
palo amarillo n • [MexSpan, literally “yellow wood”]
palo blanco n • [MexSpan, literally “white wood”]
palo de hierro n • [MexSpan, literally “iron wood (or tree)”]
palo dulce n • [MexSpan, literally “sweet wood”]
paloduro n • [MexSpan, literally “hard wood”]
palo santo n • [MexSpan, literally “holy wood”]
paloverde n • [MexSpan, literally “green wood”]
peyote n • [MexSpan peyote < Nahuatl peyotl]
pilon n • [MexSpan] (MAP)
piloncillo n • [MexSpan..]
pinacate bug n • [MexSpan..< Nahuatl pinacatl]
poñil n • [MexSpan]
popotillo n • [MexSpan popotillo..from Nahuatl popotl broom]
pulque n • [MexSpan]
quelite n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl quilitl]
quirt n • [MexSpan cuarta]
raspilla n • [MexSpan “prickle”]
refried beans n pl • [Calque of MexSpan frijoles refritos] (MAP)
remuda n • [MexSpan remuda..]
retama n • [MexSpan < Span retama plant of the genus Genista]
romero n • [MexSpan < Span “rosemary”]
sabino n1 • [MexSpan]
sacahuista n • [MexSpan zacahuiscle, ult of Nahuatl origin]
sacasil n • [MexSpan]
sacate n • [MexSpan zacate < Nahuatl zacatl]
sacaton n • [MexSpan zacaton..]
saccato gordo n • [..varr of MexSpan zacate or zacaton..+ gordo fat]
saguaro n • [MexSpan..prob < Opata (a Piman lang)..]
sancho n2 • [MexSpan]
sangre de cristo n • [MexSpan, literally “blood of Christ”]
sangre de drago n • [MexSpan, literally “dragon’s blood,” in ref to the red sap of the root]
senita n • [MexSpan sinita, senita..]
serape n • [MexSpan sarape, zarape]
tamale n1 • [Back-formation from MexSpan tamales, pl of tamal..] (MAP)
tapadero n • [MexSpan use of Span tapadera cover, lid]
tasajillo n • [MexSpan tasajillo, dimin of tasajo]
tasajo n • [MexSpan tasajo..]
tepopote n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl]
toloache n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl toloatzin]
tornillo n • [MexSpan tornillo < Span tornillo screw]
torote n • [MexSpan]
tortilla n • [MexSpan..] (MAP)
tostada n • [MexSpan tostada < Span tostado toasted]
trompetilla n • [MexSpan for..var other plants]
trompillo n • [MexSpan for..var other plants..]
tronadora n • [MexSpan, literally ``thunderer,'' for..var other plants]
tule n • [MexSpan < Nahuatl tollin, tullin]
vaciero n • [MexSpan]
water motie n • [Partial folk-etym for MexSpan guatamote, batamote seepwillow]
wrango n • [..< MexSpan caballerango]
zopilote n • [MexSpan]
snickerdoodle n • [Varr, perh partly by folk-etym, of Ger (Swabian dial) schneckennudel..]
cook v 1 • [Prob calque from Ger kochen, Sw koka, Nor koke..]
fruit soup n • [Norw fruktsuppe, Sw fruktsoppa]
ish intj • [Norw isj, Dan, Sw isch]
kispel n • [..cf Sw kisse cat, spel game]
krumkake n • [..Sw krumkaka..]
limpa n • [Sw]
lingonberry n • [Sw lingon]
lutefisk n • [Norw lutefisk; Sw lutfisk; Dan ludfisk] (MAP)
mauger adj • [..Dan, Du, Ger, Norw, Sw mager..]
mom-mom n • [Cf Sw, Norw mormor maternal grandmother] (MAP)
ostkaka n • [Sw ostkaka, Norw ostekake]
pank v • [..cf..Sw banka..]
peng n • [Norw peng(e),..Sw (pl) pengar]
potato sausage n • [Calque of Sw potatiskorv]
preacher’s lice n • [Cf Dan præstelus, Sw prästlus..]
skillpot n • [..(Dan skildpadde, Norw skilpadde, Sw sköldpadda)] (MAP)
smear n 1 • [Prob infl by the cognates in other Germanic langs:..Sw smör butter]
snoose n1 • [Dan, Sw, Norw snus] (MAP)
sour hen n • in Swedish settlement areas
spark n • [Norw, Sw]
sweet soup n • [Norw søtsuppe, Sw sötsoppa]
sylte n • [Dan, Norw sylte, Sw sylta]
till prep B4 • [..also Sw till (prep) till, by (and perh also Dan, Norw til till, by)]
yah adv • [Cf Ger, Du, Norw, Sw, Dan ja] (MAP)
Swiss German See German, Swiss
syncopated; syncope
ain’t v2 • [Perh < ain’t it (by syncope of internal t)..]
ambulance n (pronc) • occas, perh for humorous effect,..syncopated |ˈæm(b)lɪns, -əns|
cemetery n (pronc) • occas by syncope |ˈsɛmətrɪ|
cholera n • occas, esp in Sth, second vowel is syncopated
contempory n • [By syncope from contemporary]
docity n • [Prob var, by syncope, of docility..]
eavesdrop v (pronc) • by syncope
erysipelas n (pronc) • often, by syncope, |ˌɛr(ɪ)ˈsɪpləs, ˌɪr(ɪ)-, ɑr-|
grill cake n • [Perh by syncope]
hurrup v • [Perh by syncope < hurry up]
hybolic adj • [Perh by syncope < hyperbolic..]
hystics n pl • [Prob by syncope from hysterics]
nessy n • [Perh by syncope from necessary..]
peony n1 3 (pronc) • [By syncope of the std pronc; cf EDD]
Porgy n2 • [By syncope and assim from Portuguese..]
rival n • [By syncope from revival]
hoof n B1 • [By synecdoche]
Syracuse See New York, Syracuse
T
buck n1 • occas considered taboo
bull n 1 • formerly often avoided as a taboo word esp in Sth, S Midl
hockey n2, v • esp freq among children; sometimes taboo
babai n • [Tagalog]
bagoong n • [Tagalog]
bata n • [Tagalog]
bayao n • [Tagalog and related Philippine languages]
boondock n • [Tagalog bundok mountain]
panguingue n • [Tagalog pangguinggui]
mangle n1 • [Span < Taino]
pitahaya n • [AmSpan < Taino pitahaya]
sarana n • [Russ sarana, of Tatar orig]
dommer n • [Telescoped form of dominicker]
farzino phr • [Pronc-spp for telescoped phrr (as) far as I know]
fortino adv phr • [Pronc-spp for telescoped phr for aught I know..]
bad adj B4 • chiefly Appalachians, esp wNC, eTN
barn martin n • esp KY, MO, TN
bois d’arc n • chiefly TX, LA, OK, AR, TN, KY (MAP)
boomer n1 1 • chiefly sAppalachians, esp eTN, wNC
brier hopper n • OH, TN, KY
dismals n pl 1 • esp TN
drat n • esp KY, TN
drop edge of yonder n • esp TN
dry-land fish n • chiefly KY, TN
exercise n B • chiefly KY, TN
fee grabber n • TN
floaterial adj • TN
grocery mix n • esp KY, TN
hallway n • esp TN
handkerchief n B • esp KY, TN
hate v • KY, TN, Ozarks
hog jaw n • chiefly TN, KY, AR
house n B1a • sAppalachians, esp KY, TN
hover n • chiefly sMD, nVA, KY, TN
hunk n1 2 • esp KY, TN
jakeleg adj, n2 • Gulf States, TN
johnny walkers n pl • S Midl, esp TN
landside plow n • esp NEng, TN, KY
laying-off plow n • esp KY, TN
liver mush n • NC, SC, GA, TN
Melungeon n • sAppalachians, esp eTN
mountain trots n pl • esp TN
neutral strip n • TN
oodlins n pl • S Midl, esp KY, TN (MAP)
peawood n • wNC, eTN
poor boy n 1 • orig New Orleans LA; now widespread exc NEast, Mid Atl; esp freq Gulf States, TN, TX (MAP)
poor soul n • TN
scratcher n 1 • esp Gulf States, TN
silver cloud n • esp eTN, wNC
slick n 3 • wNC, eTN
slick n 8 • wNC, eTN
splo n • Sth, S Midl, esp KY, TN
sweet Betsy n 1 • esp NC, TN
talpa n • esp KY, TN
tisswood n 2 • chiefly wNC, eTN
ugly adj B2 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, TN (MAP)
wahoo n1 3 • NC, TN, KY, VA
whirlygust n • esp NC, TN
woodfish n • esp VA, TN
abra n • SW, esp TX
agarita n • SW esp TX
all the way through adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, TX (MAP)
allthorn n 2 • TX
allthorn n 3 • TX
amargoso n • TX
anacahuita n • sTX
angels’ hair n • LA, TX
antelope horn(s) n • chiefly KS, OK, TX
anvil n • esp TX
asp n • TX
atamasco (lily) n 2 • TX
avalanche n 1 • TX
badger fight n • SW, esp TX
banquette n • sLA, occas eTX
bar ditch n 1 • chiefly OK, TX (MAP and Map Section)
battle n2 • sLA, TX
beef n 2 • esp in Plains States, TX
belduque n • TX
bitterweed n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, TX (MAP)
blackland n • chiefly TX, OK, AR, LA (MAP)
black wax n • chiefly AR, sOK and esp nTX
blister bug n • chiefly TX, Cent (MAP)
bloodweed n • chiefly Sth, esp TX
bluebell n h • TX
bluebonnet n 1 • chiefly TX
blue curls n 3 • TX
blue norther n • Texas (MAP)
blue whistler n 2 • chiefly OK, TX
bohunkus n 1 • chiefly Sth, esp TX
bois d’arc n • chiefly TX, LA, OK, AR, TN, KY (MAP)
boll weevil n • esp TX, OK
borrego n • esp sTX
box supper n • chiefly W Midl, TX (MAP)
brake n2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX
brasada n • TX
brasero n • TX
broomweed n • chiefly KS, OK, TX
buffalo pea n 3 • TX
bullcorn n • TX
bull nettle n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Cent, TX, LA (MAP)
burr n1 3 • chiefly Cent, Missip-Ohio Valleys, TX (MAP)
butcher calf n • chiefly TX, OK, LA (MAP)
buzzard roost n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp SC, TX (MAP)
cabrito n • TX
caliche n • SW, esp TX
camote n • esp TX
caporal n • SW, esp TX
carpet, on the adj phr • Sth, S Midl, esp NC, TX, AR (MAP)
Catahoula hog dog n • chiefly AR, LA, TX
cedar chopper n • TX
cedar racer n • TX
cenizo n 2 • esp TX
cerillo n • TX
cha-cha-cha intj • LA, TX
chaparral berry n 2 • SW, esp TX
checkered-bark juniper n • AZ, NM, TX
chicharra n • TX
chicken snake n 1 • chiefly Sth, Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
chilchote n • TX
chilipitin n • chiefly SW, esp TX
choc n2 • chiefly OK, TX, KS
chubasco n • CA, TX
colima n • esp TX
coonass n • chiefly LA, seTX (MAP)
cornfield duck n • esp TX
correosa n • TX
creole pony n • LA, TX
cross timbers n • TX, OK
crow poison n 3 • TX
cup towel n • chiefly TX, Inland Sth (MAP)
currant n B2 • TX
devil’s bouquet n • TX
devil’s-head n • TX
devil’s horse n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
dirt tank n • TX
domino v • TX
do-right boy n • TX
dry salt adj phr • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, TX
ducking n • esp TX
Dutchman’s breeches n 3 • esp TX
d.w.i. n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
ebony n 2 • TX
encinilla n • TX
esplanade n • [Fr; in Texas, prob infl by Span explanada lawn]
ever adj • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp TX (MAP)
evergreen onion n • esp TX
everlasting yeast n • chiefly Cent, TX (MAP)
fiesta n • chiefly SW, esp CA, TX
firewheel n • esp TX
flies and skinners n • chiefly Gulf States, esp TX (MAP)
fluttermill n 3 • TX
forty-two n • chiefly TX (MAP)
foxglove n 2b • TX
French harp n 1 • chiefly W Midl, TX, Cent (MAP)
from prep B3 • esp Lower Missip Valley, eTX
gallery n • chiefly Gulf States, AR, TX (MAP)
garage apartment n • scattered, but esp TX, AL, SC
gaspergou n 1 • LA, TX (MAP)
goatsbeard n 4 • TX
goatweed n 3 • esp TX
grandfather’s beard n 2 • TX
granjeno n • esp TX
grass burr n • chiefly TX (MAP)
graveyard working n • esp TX, AR
grindle n1 • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, eTX (MAP)
grulla adj • chiefly SW, esp TX
guayacan n • TX
gulf cloud n • TX
gush n B4 • scattered, but esp Sth, TX (MAP)
hand n B1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
hardhead n 2e • LA, TX
headlighting vbl n • chiefly TX, nMI (MAP)
hidy exclam • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
high cotton n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX
hit a lick v phr 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
hog wallow n 2a • chiefly TX
hoodlum wagon n 2 • esp TX, OK, AR
hoopy n2 • esp TX (MAP)
horned frog n • chiefly West, esp TX
horse lot n 1 • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
hot top n • eNEng, TX
hound dog n 2 • scattered, but esp Lower Missip Valley, TX, S Atl (MAP)
huajillo n 2 • chiefly TX
huisache n • chiefly TX
ice-cream supper n • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
icehouse n 2 • chiefly TX
Indian n B6 • esp Gulf States, TX (MAP)
Indian blanket n • chiefly TX
Indian pink n 3 • esp TX
istle n • chiefly TX
jabalina n • esp TX
jalapeño n • orig chiefly TX, but now widely recognized (MAP)
jimplecute n 2 • esp AR, MS, MO, TX
jimpsecute n • MS, SW, esp TX
joint vetch n • esp TX
jump the broom v phr • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
Juneteenth n • chiefly OK, TX
kinfolk n pl • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
kisses n 3 • TX
kiss-me-and-I’ll-tell-you n 1 • chiefly TX, Gulf States
ladino adj • esp TX
laguna n • chiefly TX, CA
lap v2 • esp sAppalachians, TX
larruping adj 1 • esp W Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
lazy daisy n 1 • esp TX
lechuguilla n • SW, esp TX
leopard dog n • esp LA, TX
lick n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
light bread n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
lobo n 1 • chiefly TX
lot n 1a • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
manner n 3a • chiefly S Midl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
mantelboard n • esp TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
marais n • chiefly LA, eTX
margil n • esp TX
mayapple n 5 • TX
mayberry n 1 • esp TX
meadow pink n 4 • TX
mealy-cup sage n • TX
melon loco n • chiefly TX
mesquite n • chiefly SW, esp TX
mesquite grass n 2c • esp TX
Methodist pallet n • esp AR, TX
Mexican adj, n • chiefly SW, esp TX Mescan, Meskin, Messakin
Mexican adj B3 • esp TX, Gulf States
Mexican apple n • esp TX
Mexican ash n • esp TX
Mexican dove n • SW, esp TX
Mexican hat n • esp TX
Mexican heliotrope n • TX
Mexican lion n • TX
Mexican poppy n • chiefly SW, esp TX
Mexican town n • chiefly TX, CO
middlebuster n 1 • chiefly Sth, TX (MAP)
milk pen n • esp Gulf States, TX
mimbre n • TX
Missouri primrose n • esp TX, OK
mogote n • chiefly TX
monkey blood n • esp TX
morral n • SW, esp NM, wTX
mosshorn n • West, esp TX
motte n • chiefly TX (MAP)
mountain cedar n • esp TX
mountain grape n 1 • esp TX
mountain laurel n 5 • chiefly TX, NM
mountain pink n 3 • West, esp TX
mouse snake n 1 • chiefly TX
mule-eared rabbit n • TX
mustang grape n • chiefly TX, OK
naked adj (pronc) • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
naked Indian n • TX
nettle rash n • chiefly SE, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
net wire n • scattered, but chiefly Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
nigger n1 B11 • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
niggerhead n 3b • chiefly TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
nigger-shooter n • chiefly Gulf States, TX
niggertoe n 5 • chiefly S Midl, TX
norther n • chiefly TX (MAP)
Old Hannah n • esp TX
one-eyed cat n 1 • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
ought v C3a • chiefly Sth, TX
pachuco n • SW, esp sCA, TX
paint adj • widespread, but chiefly SW, esp TX (MAP)
palo blanco n 1 • esp TX
parasol n B1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
peach pickle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
peel v1 1 • scattered, but esp LA, TX
pee-pee exclam • esp PA, Mid Atl; also LA, TX
peg v C4 • esp TX
pepper belly n • chiefly TX (MAP)
perch n1 B3 • esp TX, LA, AR, OK
piece n 7 • widespread, but more freq Sth, Midl, TX (MAP)
pieu n • LA, eTX
pigeonberry n 10 • TX
pilon n • chiefly TX (MAP)
piloncillo n • chiefly TX
pinchers n pl • widely scattered, but esp freq Nth, Midl, TX (MAP)
pin oak n 2a • esp TX, OK
piojo n • esp TX
pitahaya n 2 • esp TX
play like v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
play-party n • chiefly W Midl, TX (MAP)
play-pretty n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
poor boy n 1 • orig New Orleans LA; now widespread exc NEast, Mid Atl; esp freq Gulf States, TN, TX (MAP)
pope’s nose n 1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, CA, TX (MAP)
post oak n 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
pounding n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
prairie racer n • TX
praline n B • formerly esp LA, TX, but now widely recognized (MAP)
priss v 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
pully bone n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK, IL, IN (MAP)
racket store n • formerly more widespread; now esp TX (MAP)
rain lily n • chiefly Gulf States, esp TX
*raise v C1b • widespread exc Sth, TX (MAP)
raised in a barn adj phr • widespread, but somewhat more freq Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
ram’s horn n 2 • esp TX
ranch road n • esp TX
red bone n 1 • now chiefly LA, TX (MAP)
redhorse n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
red sage n 2 • chiefly TX
redtop cane n • TX
red wasp n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
rent house n • scattered, but esp TX, AR (MAP)
resaca n • TX
retama n • TX
rigor n • esp Gulf States, TX (MAP)
ring-necked lizard n • TX
ring-tailed cat n • esp CA, TX
Rio Grande perch n • TX
rising n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
rock cedar n • TX
rock rattlesnake n b • esp TX
rockrose n 6 • esp TX
rock squirrel n • West, esp TX
rodeo n B • orig chiefly West, esp TX; now more widely recognized (MAP)
roost n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, SC, TX, W Midl, esp IN (MAP)
rubboard n 2 • esp Gulf States, TX, AR
ruin v A2b(pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
rusty lizard n • AL, AR, GA, LA, TX
sabino n1 1 • esp TX
sacahuista n 2 • chiefly TX
safe n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
salad n B1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
sand bass n 3 • esp OK, TX
sand fly n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, TX, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
sand jack n 1 • esp TX
sand plum n 2 • esp Plains States, OK, TX
sand trout n • TX
saw exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
scat intj • Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP and Map Section)
scatter-barrel (shotgun) n • esp TX
scissortail n 1 • esp TX, Cent (MAP)
screech owl n 2d • esp TX
scrub n 2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, TX, Gulf States (MAP)
scrub pad n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
sendero n • TX
set up v phr 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
shallot n B • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP and Map Section)
sharpshooter n 2 • esp LA, TX
shed room n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
shell road n • chiefly C and S Atl, LA, seTX (MAP)
shinnery n • chiefly TX
shin oak n • esp TX
short pot v phr • esp TX, OK
shut adj b • scattered, but more freq Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
side line n • esp TX, KS
silk-stocking n attrib • scattered, but esp Gulf States, TX, Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
sirree bob n • scattered, but esp Sth, wTX, N Midl, NYC (MAP)
skillet n 1 • widespread, but somewhat more freq Midl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
skin v B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
slang-jang n • chiefly TX
slide n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Gulf States, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
snake cotton n • chiefly TX
snuff stick n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW, TX (MAP)
socks, throw up one's v phr • scattered, but esp Cent, TX (MAP)
soda water n • scattered, but esp TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
son-of-a-bitch stew n • West, esp TX (MAP)
sooey exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
sook exclam • chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
*sop n 1 • chiefly W Midl, SE, West exc TX (MAP)
sorry adj B1 • scattered, but esp SE, Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
sotol n • TX, NM, AZ
souse n1 C1b • chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
Spaniard n a • esp TX, NM
Spanish adj 1a • esp TX, NM
Spanish mulberry n • TX
speck n1 5 • esp TX
speck-back (tick) n • AL, AR, LA, TX
split beans from coffee, not to know v phr • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
split bonnet n • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
spoon bread n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
spreading adder n • chiefly Sth, TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
square-dab adv • chiefly Sth, esp TX
squarehead n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, TX (MAP)
squinch v2 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
squinch adj 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
staff n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
stewer n • chiefly Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
stiff-starch n • Sth, TX
stinging lizard n • chiefly TX, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
stinging scorpion n • chiefly OK, TX, LA (MAP)
*store n B1 • widespread, but less freq Sth, Lower Missip Valley, TX (MAP)
storm house n 2 • chiefly Inland Sth, Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK (MAP)
stout house n • TX
straw n 1 • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
stray v • TX
stretchberry n • esp TX
striped turtle n 1 • esp Lower Missip Valley, TX
study v1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
study v1 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
stump n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States, TX (MAP)
stump-broke adj • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, TX
sugar ant n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, TX (MAP)
sull v • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
surly n • esp TX, OK (MAP)
swallow v Ca • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
swap work v phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
sweat v Ab • widespread, but more freq Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
swim v A1c • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
tackle n (pronc) • Sth, S Midl, TX |tɪk%Ul|
tail v1 1 • West, esp TX
take v B1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, MO, OK, TX (MAP)
tallowweed n • esp TX
tank n1 1 • chiefly SW, esp TX
tea tree n • chiefly TX
tecolote n • esp TX
terrapin n B1 • chiefly Sth, Midl, TX (MAP)
tetter n1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
thisaway adv • scattered, but more freq Atlantic, Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
throw line n • scattered, but esp Lower Missip Valley, Missip-Ohio Valleys, TX (MAP)
tickle-tongue n • chiefly TX
tievine n 1 • scattered, but esp TX, LA, MS (MAP)
tight n • chiefly SE, TX, OK (MAP)
tin horn n • esp TX, OK
tip v • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
tit-tat-too n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
toro n 1a • esp TX (MAP)
tourist tarpon n • TX
tow sack n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK
trades day n • chiefly TX
trailer truck n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp NEast; also TX, Cent (MAP and Map Section)
trap n • chiefly TX (MAP)
trembles n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
trompillo n • esp TX
trotline n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, W Midl, Cent, TX, SC (MAP)
tuna n1 • West, esp TX, CA
turd-floater n • esp TX, OK
Turk's-cap n 3 • scattered, but esp TX
*turn v B1 • widespread, but less freq Lower Missip Valley, nTX, OK, KY (MAP)
turning plow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
turtle n B • formerly widespread, now chiefly Lower Missip Valley, TX, OK
tush n C1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent, TX; scattered NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
two-below n • esp TX
ugly n D2 • scattered, but esp freq TX
under adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
vaciero n • TX
vamos v 1 • chiefly West, esp TX
vaquero n • chiefly SW, esp TX
vara n • SW, esp NM, TX
wake v 1b • formerly widespread; now scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
wake v 2b • widespread, but esp Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
walk, strong enough to adj phr • chiefly Sth, Midl, TX (MAP)
washateria n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, West, esp TX, LA
water haul n • scattered, but chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
wax plant n 3 • TX
weevil n • esp TX, OK
wet adj 1 • SW, esp TX
wetback n • orig chiefly TX, SW; now more widespread
wheat bird n 3 • esp TX
wheelhorse n 2 • chiefly S Midl, TX (MAP)
where it doesn't snow n • esp Sth, TX (MAP)
whichaway(s) adv • scattered, but more freq Sth, Midl, TX, N Cent (MAP)
white chaparral n • TX
white squash n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
who laid the chunk phr • chiefly TX, Cent
whomper-jawed adj 2 • chiefly Midl, Sth, TX (MAP)
whonker-jawed adj • esp TX, S Midl
whoopy n B • scattered, but esp freq TX (MAP)
widow's tears n 2 • TX
wiggletail n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
wild balsam n 3 • esp TX
wild cauliflower n • TX
wild cranberry n 2 • esp TX
wild honeysuckle n 2 • chiefly TX
wild lilac n 2 • TX
wild peach n 1 • wGulf States, esp eTX
windmill grass n • esp Plains States, TX
wine-cup n • esp TX
wolf over the river n 1 • chiefly TX, Lower Missip Valley
woods colt n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, TX (MAP)
woolly worm n • scattered, but chiefly W Midl, Missip-Ohio Valleys, TX (MAP)
worm n 3 • chiefly TX
worrit v 1 • formerly scattered, now esp Gulf States, TX
Yankee weed n • chiefly TX, LA
yellow n1 B • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, OK, TX (MAP)
yo-yo n • chiefly TX, OK
you betcha adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA, TX; now esp Upper MW, NW (MAP)
zydeco n • orig sLA, eTX, now widely known
nagoonberry n • [Tlingit neigóon]
trademark; trademarked; trade name; also manufacturer’s name
Allen plow n • [?Mfgr’s name]
arbuckle n2 • [Trade name of a popular coffee, c1900]
armstrong adj • used as if a trademark for machines and tools
battleship n • the trademark Battleship, for a board game, was registered in 1968 (MAP)
between jobs n • [Prob by analogy with trademark Between the Acts..]
Borden’s and Elsie’s n pl • [From names and trademarks of dairy companies]
Bull Durham exclam • [Trademark for a brand of tobacco]
bush hog n • [Trademark Bush-Hog a rotary cutter..] (MAP)
carbon oil n • [Orig a trademark]
case knife n 2 • [Perh infl by Case trademark of W.R. Case & Sons Cutlery Co.]
chorus girl n • [Var of chore girl, trademark]
clipper n 3 • [Perh abbr for trademark Yankee Clipper..]
coca-cola n • [Trademarks Coca-Cola 1893➝ and Coke 1945➝ a soft drink]
davenette n • [Trademark..] (MAP)
daveno n • [Trademark Daven-o..]
dickey n2 2 • [Perh a trade name..]
Dixie boy (plow) n • [Prob orig a trade name]
easy walker n • trademark Easy Walkers, for shoes, was registered in 1958
ethyl n • [Trademark Ethyl a motor fuel additive, 1924➝] (MAP and Map Section)
eversharp n • [Trademark Eversharp fountain pen, 1932➝] (MAP)
fifty-fifty n 2 • [..perh orig a trademark]
frigidaire n • [Trademark] (MAP)
gee whiz n • [Trademark]
helicopter n 2 • [..perh..a trade name]
highboy n • [Orig trademark, now more widely used]
honeydew n 1 • [Perh once a trademark]
hoodsie n • [Trademark]
India n B2 • [From trademark A Royal Game of India]
jimmies n pl2 • [Trademark]
jimmy n 4 • [Perh trademark]
lively lad n • [Trademark]
lombard n • [Trademark Lombard, orig for a steam tractor used in logging]
moxie n 2 • [Moxie trademark (1924) for a soft drink..] (MAP)
oreo n • [Oreo, trade name for a cookie with chocolate wafers on the outside and vanilla cream filling]
rastus n2 • [Trademark Rastus 1934 ➝] (MAP)
red-hot n 1 • [Trade name Red Hots]
ritchie n • [Perh a trade name]
Rook n2 • [Trademark, 1912 ➝] (MAP)
runza n • [Now a trademark; prob < Ger Ranzen..]
spaldeen n • [Pronc-sp for the trademark Spalding]
sprinkles n pl • [Trademark]
steam beer n • [perh..a trade name..to associate a cheap..beer with the..steam brewery]
tarvia n • [Orig a trademark..for a..road-coating material..]
unionalls n 1 • [Orig trademarked by F.D. Lee 1916, renewed 1978, now dead]
maringouin n • [Fr < Tupi–Guarani marigoui mosquito]
barbudi n • [CanFr barbote from Turkish barbut]
bosh n • [From Turkish bosh empty, worthless..] (MAP)
cuffy n • [Twi kofi the day-name for a male born on Friday..]
fe intj • [Twi fe)e) a challenge to fight; cf DJE fe]
juba n • [..cf DJE Juba, day-name in Twi for women born on Monday]
U
dupa n • [..cf Ukrainian dupa..]
golumpki n pl • [..cf also Ukrainian and Czech hołub..]
Ulster; Concise Ulster Dictionary
spouting n • [Cf Concise Ulster Dict., ``Spouting..a drainpipe..a gutter along the edge of a roof''] (MAP)
sugan n 1 • [Cf Concise Ulster Dict. suggan 2 ``A straw horse-collar''; 5 ``A protective straw pad...'']
whenever conj b • [1996 Concise Ulster Dict. 384 ``Whenever I was young I could do it''..]
whang n3 • [..1996 Concise Ulster Dict. whang n.2 1 ``a `tang': a rancid taste in milk or butter''..]
which pron 2 • [Concise Ulster Dict. which 2 ``What? pardon?'']
wizzen n • [Chiefly nEngl, Scots, nIr varr of weasand; cf..SND wizzen, Concise Ulster Dict. weasen]
yourns pron 1 • [Pronc-spp for your ones..cf Concise Ulster Dict. your yins, your uns, your'n's..household]
ain’t v2 • freq considered uncult
United States, eastern See East
UpperMidwest
American fried potatoes n pl 1 • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent (MAP)
anti-i-over n, exclam • chiefly wGt Lakes, Upper MW, West (MAP)
backset v • Upper MW
basket social n • chiefly Upper MW, NW
biffy n • chiefly Upper MW and WI (MAP)
bismarck n • chiefly Upper MW, wGt Lakes
bonanza farm n • chiefly Upper MW, scattered West
boulevard n 1 • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent (MAP)
box-elder bug n • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent (MAP)
bromegrass n • Nth, esp Upper MW, Gt Lakes
buck n1 3a • ?esp N Cent, Upper MW
burr oak n • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, Cent (MAP)
cat and mouse n 1 • chiefly Upper MW, WI, Cent (MAP)
cluck adj • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW
cluck n 1 • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
cluck v • Nth, esp PA, WI, Upper MW
cockleburr n 1 • widespread, but chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, West (MAP)
*covered-dish meal n • widespread exc Pacific, Upper MW, WI, MI (MAP)
*dog n1 B3 • scattered, but less freq NEast, Upper MW, NW (MAP)
ear corn n • esp Upper MW
*earthworm n • widespread exc Rocky Mts, Upper MW; esp freq Sth (MAP)
eversharp n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Upper MW, KS, MO (MAP)
*faller n • chiefly Pacific NW; less freq Upper MW, NEng
farmer match n • chiefly Upper MW, Gt Lakes, NY, WV (MAP)
feeder n 5 • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent, SE (MAP)
feedlot n • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW
flickertail n 2 • chiefly Upper MW, esp ND
forty acres n pl • Upper MW
foxtail n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, West (MAP)
frost boil n 1 • chiefly Upper MW
fruit soup n • Upper MW
fuss-button n • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
gab n1 • now esp Gt Lakes, Upper MW (MAP)
goosetown n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Upper MW
gopher n1 2b(1) • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, Rocky Mts
grab onto v phr • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent (MAP)
grease ant n • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, CA (MAP)
ground squirrel n b • chiefly West, Upper MW
hog house n 1a • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent; also S Midl (MAP)
*knock v 1 • scattered exc N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
kolacky n • chiefly WI, Upper MW (MAP)
last couple out n • esp Upper MW, KS (MAP)
long john n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Upper MW, Plains States, MI (MAP)
lutefisk n • chiefly Upper MW, WI, nwIL (MAP)
mayflower n 3b • chiefly Upper MW
Mother Hubbard squash n • esp Upper MW
*nanny n1 • scattered exc nNEng, Upper MW, Cent (MAP)
niggerwool n 1 • esp Upper MW
Norski n • chiefly MI, WI, Upper MW, Pacific NW (MAP)
owly adj • chiefly Upper MW, Gt Lakes (MAP)
pa n A1 (pronc) • widespread, but esp NEast, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
*pedro n (pronc) • chiefly Inland Nth (exc Upper MW, NW), CA (MAP)
pig house n 1 • esp N Cent, Upper MW
pocket gopher n 2 • Upper MW
pomme blanche n • chiefly Upper MW, Plains States
pomme de prairie n • chiefly Upper MW, Plains States
pom-pom-pullaway n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Plains States, Rocky Mts, sCA (MAP)
pooey exclam • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Upper MW; also C Atl (MAP)
pooh out v phr • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
pothole n 2 • chiefly wGt Lakes, Upper MW, NW
roof n, v (pronc) • esp NEng, Upper MW |r^Uf|
root n1, v (pronc) • esp NEng, Upstate NY, Upper MW |r^Ut|
runza n • chiefly Upper MW, esp NE
sandburr n 1 • chiefly West, Upper MW, N Cent, C Atl
saskatoon n • NW, Upper MW
sauerkraut n 2 • chiefly Nth, esp NW, Upper MW (MAP)
Scandihoovian n, adj • chiefly Upper MW, Pacific (MAP)
scoop shovel n 1 • esp Cent, Upper MW
scour v • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, Cent
semi n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, West (MAP)
shelter belt n • chiefly Plains States, Upper MW
shuck v1 1c • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
sic ’em, not to know v phr • chiefly Inland Nth, esp Pacific NW, Rocky Mts, Upper MW (MAP)
siehst du interrog exclam • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)
slough grass n 1 • chiefly Upper MW, Upper Missip Valley, Plains States (MAP)
snap v 2a • esp Upper MW, Cent
snirt n • esp Upper MW
snoose n1 • chiefly Pacific NW, Rocky Mts, Upper MW, WI (MAP)
spike pitcher n • Plains States, Upper MW, NW
starlight, moonlight n • Upper MW, WI
storm windows n pl • esp Upper MW, WI
straw shed n 2 • chiefly Upper MW, N Cent
swather n • chiefly Upper MW, West (MAP)
sweet soup n • WI, Upper MW
*taw n C1a • widespread exc NEast, Gt Lakes, Upper MW (MAP)
thunder pumper n 1 • scattered, but esp wGt Lakes, Upper MW
timber squirrel n • esp Upper MW, KS, NEast
tree claim n • Upper MW, Plains States
trunk n 2 • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, esp WI (MAP)
vetbollen n pl • Upper MW, Gt Lakes in Du settlement areas
walk v 1b • esp Upper MW
whoop n C2 • scattered, but esp S Atl, Gulf States, Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Pacific (MAP)
wild alfalfa n 2 • chiefly Cent, Upper MW
wild hay n • widespread, but more freq Upper MW, West (MAP)
yah adv • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp N Cent, Upper MW, Plains States (MAP)
you betcha adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA, TX; now esp Upper MW, NW (MAP)
Upper Mississippi Valley See Mississippi Valley, Upper
Upstate New York See New York, Upstate
ass from one’s elbow, not to know one’s v phr • urban (MAP)
beat adj • esp among young, urban, and Black speakers
boondock n • orig military slang, now widespread, esp among urban, young and mid-aged speakers
boss adj • scattered but esp in urban areas of Nth, N Midl, Pacific
buck buck n 2 • chiefly urban
crack up v phr • esp among young, urban, coll educ, and Black speakers
dig v2 2 • chiefly among young and mid-aged speakers; esp freq among Black speakers; esp freq in urban comms
dozen n B1 • among Black speakers; esp urban
dreck n • urban, chiefly in Jewish and German settlement areas
either adj, adv, pron, conj (pronc) • esp urban areas of the NEast
faggot n • used..chiefly by young speakers, most freq by well educ urban males
fall n 4 • chiefly among young, well-educ, urban women
house-rent party n • chiefly among Black speakers; urban
klutz n • esp in urban areas
ofay n • chiefly urban
sound v • esp in urban areas
across lot(s) adv phr 2 • chiefly UT
cohab n • UT
cougar n • chiefly NW, CA, UT (MAP)
culinary water n • UT
dout v • chiefly UT, WY
gentile n • esp UT
gold-and-green ball n • esp UT
leatherside minnow n • esp UT
lucerne n • formerly more widespread, now esp UT, ID
Mormon derrick n • esp UT, ID, eOR
Mormon tree n • UT
mountain herring n • esp UT
oose n • UT
saint n • esp UT
salmon n B2a(3) • esp AZ, UT
seal v • esp UT, ID
slickrock n • UT
slough v1 • esp UT
snowdrop n 3 • UT
spiritual wife n • chiefly West, esp UT
viewing n • chiefly PA, NJ, MD, DE; also UT (MAP)
apron v • VT
frog run n • VT
griddle n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp Upstate NY, VT (MAP)
horn v 3 • VT, RI
jeezum crow intj • VT, nNY
leaf peeper n • NEng, esp VT
lunge n1 • esp VT
Northeast Kingdom n • VT
pent road n • NEng, esp VT
pestle around v phr • esp VT
sap beer n • NEng, esp VT
sollaker n • VT
square-tailed trout n • chiefly ME, VT
sugar v • chiefly NEast, esp VT
sugar lot n • scattered, but chiefly NEng, esp VT
sugar party n • chiefly NEast, esp VT
sugar place n • chiefly nNEng, esp VT
toro n 1b • esp VT, NH
tunk n1 2 • chiefly VT, Upstate NY
about prep, adv (pronc) • MD, eVA, eSC
account n (pronc) • eVA
afraid adj (pronc) • esp in eVA
anoint v (pronc) • esp in eVA
apron n B1 • MD, VA
arch n 4 • MD, VA, WV
ash pone n • chiefly Sth, Midl, esp VA
aunt n A1 (pronc) • esp eNEng, eVA
baby-waker n • VA, NC
baldhead n 3 • chiefly VA, NC
bank barn n • chiefly PA, OH, MD, VA, IN (MAP)
batter bread n 1 • chiefly VA (MAP)
be v C2b (pronc) • chiefly NEng, NY, nPA; also Sth, esp eVA, eNC
beaten biscuit n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp KY, MD, VA (MAP)
blowing fly n • esp NC, VA
blow-toad n • eVA
bluebird weather n • chiefly MD, eVA
break n1 1 • chiefly VA, NC
Brunswick stew n • chiefly Sth, esp VA, NC, GA (MAP)
bun n1 1 • esp MD, VA, NJ (MAP)
candy stew n • KY, NC, VA
chamber n B3 • VA
chance n (pronc) • esp NEng and VA
chermany n • esp VA
climb v 2c • chiefly Midl, esp VA, NC
climb v 2e • esp VA, NC
co-chick v phr • chiefly VA
come-here n • seVA
corn dodger n 2 • chiefly S Atl, eVA
corn pudding n • scattered, but esp PA, VA, KY (MAP)
country ham n • chiefly KY, NC, VA
cowpen v • esp VA
cranky n • chiefly VA
cress n • chiefly Appalachians, esp wVA
cuppen n • chiefly VA Piedmont
curl n B1 • VA
curl n B2 • VA
curl v C • VA
dance n, v (pronc) • chiefly eNEng, eVA
dining day n • chiefly VA
double n 1 • VA
dry bridge n • esp NEng, VA
essence n 4 • esp MD, VA
fall bean n • eKY, wVA
feedway n • KY, VA
F.F.V. n • chiefly Sth, esp VA
field colt n • esp VA
flashy adj2 • VA
flatback n • esp VA
flosh v • MD, VA
flowerpot n 1 • chiefly VA, NC
for prep B5 • VA
frenchman n • VA
fresh n 2 • MD, VA
gall n2 2 • Sth, S Midl, esp VA
gannet striker n • chiefly VA
garlicky adj • chiefly DE, MD, NJ, VA (MAP and Map Section)
great house n • esp VA
hanover n 1 • esp WV, VA, MD
hay plover n • VA
hide-nasty n • cVA
high adj (pronc) • VA
hole n 1b • chiefly MA, VA
home n, exclam, v, adv (pronc) • esp eVA
honeypod n 2 • esp VA
honey shucks n • chiefly Sth, esp VA
hook school v phr • esp MD, PA, VA
Hope n • VA
house n, v (pronc) • Delmarva, esp VA
hover n • chiefly sMD, nVA, KY, TN
husk n B4c • VA
issue n B1 • Mid Atl, esp VA
jack-house n • esp VA
jag n2 1d • esp MD, VA
Japanese hornet n • esp VA
jimmy n 3 • Chesapeake Bay, VA and NC coasts
kitty n 3 • esp KY, MD, VA (MAP)
long v B1 • esp VA
lug n2 1 • chiefly KY, VA
lumber n1 1 • esp VA
maggot-eater n • NC, VA
minnow n A5 • esp eMA, VA
moonack n 1 • esp MD, VA
mountain ivy n • chiefly sAppalachians, esp VA
old hen n • esp VA
on prep B2c • esp VA
oniony adj • chiefly NC, VA (MAP and Map Section)
ordinary n • esp VA
out adv, v, adj, prep, n, exclam (pronc) • eVA, SC
out adv, v, adj, prep, n, exclam (pronc) • chiefly nNEng, nNY, Mid Atl, esp eVA
packhouse n • esp GA, NC, eSC, VA (MAP)
piece meal n • esp NC, VA, WV, Ohio Valley
pocosin n • chiefly NC, VA, MD
pony penning n • coastal VA, NC
popcracker n • VA, NC
rabbit tobacco n 1a • chiefly SE, VA (MAP)
Randall grass n • esp VA
rotten adj 4 • esp VA
Sally Lunn n 1 • esp NC, VA (MAP)
sand-and-clay road n • chiefly S Atl, VA (MAP)
sawyer n 2 • esp VA
sea crow n d • esp VA
shatter n • chiefly VA
skillpot n • esp DC, MD, VA, WV (MAP)
slipe n • esp NC, VA
some kind of adv phr • chiefly VA, S Atl
sora n 1 • formerly chiefly VA, NC; now more widespread
south n, adj, adv (pronc) • esp eVA, |sə^Uɵ, sɛ^Uɵ|
spot v • scattered, but esp PA, VA
spring-keeper n 1 • esp VA
squander v 1 • VA
squitch owl n • esp VA
staggerweed n 1 • chiefly sAppalachians, esp wVA
stick gig n • chiefly NC, VA
stiffback (perch) n • VA
straight gas n • chiefly C Atl, VA (MAP)
suck n 2 • esp VA, KY
swelling toad n • chiefly MD, VA
table n • esp WV, VA (MAP)
tag n 2 • chiefly VA (MAP)
to prep, adv A1a (pronc) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp VA
toby-struck adj • chiefly VA
tournament n B • MD, VA, WV
town ball n 2b • swVA
treadle n • esp VA
trick v • esp VA, MD
tumbler cart n • VA
unlikely adj • chiefly VA
Virginia pine n 2 • esp VA (MAP)
wahoo n1 3 • NC, TN, KY, VA
wankapin n • chiefly VA, DC
wheeler n2 • MD, VA
whiffler n1 • chiefly MD, VA
whiteback n • DC, MD, VA
wild arsenic n • VA, S Atl
woodfish n • esp VA, TN
trippe n • [Walloon tripe sausage]
tumpline n • [..cf Wampanoag (Mashpee) tåʹmpåm..]
black ice n 2 • chiefly NEast, Rocky Mts and Pacific, esp WA, OR
center fire adj • West, chiefly WA to AZ
Chinese pheasant n • chiefly Nth, esp OR, WA
Easter lily n 2 • chiefly WA
geoduck n 1 • Pacific coast, esp WA
Hangtown fry n • CA, WA
iron chink n • AK, WA
marblehead n 2 • WA
parking n 2b • chiefly NW, esp WA (MAP)
root house n • chiefly Nth, esp Gt Lakes, WA (MAP)
silver thaw n • esp OR, WA
skowitz n • esp WA
squaw duck n 2 • WA
tillicum n • chiefly WA
tolo n • chiefly WA
tule fish n • OR, WA
tyee salmon n • esp WA, AK
knocker n 7c • DC
skillpot n • esp DC, MD, VA, WV (MAP)
slug n 3 • chiefly Washington DC area
Swampoodle n • scattered, but esp DC
tree box n • chiefly DC
wankapin n • chiefly VA, DC
whiteback n • DC, MD, VA
flummery n • [Welsh llymru a gelatinous porridge of oatmeal or flour]
metheglin n • [Welsh meddyg medicinal + llyn liquor..]
above one’s bend adv phr • esp Sth, West
acorn calf n • chiefly West
*adder n 1 • scattered, but esp Sth, NEast; rare in West (MAP)
adobe n • SW, West, and Spanish settlement areas
agree to disagree v phr 1 • chiefly Nth, West
airtight n 3 • West
alforja n • West
alkali n • West
alkali cordgrass n • West
alkalied adj • West, esp Rocky Mts
alkali spot n • West
all-ee all-ee out(s) in free exclam • chiefly Inland Nth, West (MAP)
all-ee all-ee oxen (all in) free exclam • chiefly West and Gt Lakes, esp CA (MAP)
all horns and rattles adj phr • West
all she wrote, that’s phr • chiefly Sth, West
America n B2 • West
American adj • West, esp SW
among the willows adj phr, adv phr • West
angel n 4 • chiefly Nth, West
angleworm n • chiefly Nth and West (MAP)
angora n B • West
animal n B1 • chiefly NEng, N Midl, West
ankle express n • esp West, Sth
antelope brush n • West
antigodlin adj, adv • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
antigoglin adj, adv • Sth, S Midl, West
anti-i-over n, exclam • chiefly wGt Lakes, Upper MW, West (MAP)
Apache plume n • West esp SW
aparejo n • West, esp SW
apishamore n • West
appaloosa n1 • still chiefly West, though recognized throughout US
apple bird n 1 • West
applehorn n • West
appola n • West
apron n B2 • ?West
apron-faced adj • West
apron strap n • West
arbuckle n2 • West
arch n 5 • West, esp Pacific NW
arch one’s back v phr • West
Arkie n • chiefly West, esp Pacific
artillery n 1 • orig West, now more widespread
ash-box n • chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
aspen poplar n • chiefly West
assessment work n • chiefly West
asshole n • West
attle n • West
augerino n • West
augur n • chiefly West
augur v1 • West
auguring vbl n • West
baa-baa n • West
*baby carriage n • widespread, but least freq in West (MAP)
back-asswards adv • chiefly Inland Nth, West
back East adv phr 1 • West
back forty, the n • Nth, West
bad man n 1 • chiefly West
bait n 1b • chiefly S Midl, West
bake v • West
baker’s bread n • throughout US, but esp Nth, N Midl, West (Map Section)
bald-faced shirt n • West
bald-headed adv 1 • chiefly Nth, West
*banana pepper n • widely scattered exc NEast, West (MAP)
band n2 • chiefly West
band v2 • West
banjo n B2 • chiefly Nth, West
bar n1 1 • West
bar n1 2 • West
barbudi n • ?esp West
bar-dog n • West
barefooted adj 3 • West
barf v, n • chiefly Nth, West
barnyard n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
bar pit n 1 • chiefly West (MAP and Map Section)
barrow pit n 1 • chiefly West, esp Rocky Mts (MAP and Map Section)
base n B2 • widespread, but esp Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
bat wing n • West
bawl v1 2 • widespread but chiefly Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
bayou n B2 • West
bay steer n • chiefly West
bazoo n 1 • now chiefly West
bearberry honeysuckle n • chiefly West
bear claw n • chiefly West, esp Pacific (MAP)
bear sign n 2 • West
bear sign n 3 • West
beat it v phr • widespread, but most freq in Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
bedfast adj • chiefly Midl, West (MAP)
bed-ground n • West
bed wagon n • West
beefsteak v • West
bee plant n 1 • West
beet greens n pl • chiefly Nth, scattered West (MAP)
bell horse n • chiefly West
bell pepper n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
belly-flop n, v, adv • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
bench n B • chiefly Midl, West
bib overall(s) n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
biddy n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
big auger n • chiefly West
big hole n • chiefly West
big hole v phr • chiefly West
big hook n • chiefly West
big loop n • West
biscuit n B3 • West
biscuit shooter n 1 • West
bitch v • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
blab n 2 • chiefly West
blab v • chiefly West
blab-board (weaner) n • chiefly West
black sage n • West
black woodpecker n 2 • West
blanc-bec n • West
blanket stiff n • chiefly West
blast n 4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, scattered Sth (MAP)
blat n, v 2 • chiefly Nth and West (MAP and Map Section)
blazer n • chiefly West
blazing star n 4 • West
blocker n1 • West
blood relative n • esp Nth, N Midl, West
blossom rock n • chiefly West, esp CO
blow v1 B1 • esp West and Midl
blow one’s stirrup v phr • chiefly West
blowpipe n • West
blow snake n • chiefly Inland Nth, West
blue lightning n • West
blue lips n 1 • West
blue mustard n • West
boar’s nest n • scattered but esp West
bobtailed flush n • scattered, but more common Sth and West
bog rider n • West
bohunk n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth and West (MAP)
boil over v phr • West
bologna n • chiefly NEast and West
bonanza farm n • chiefly Upper MW, scattered West
bone picker n • chiefly West
book count n • West
boomer n2 • esp West
boot n1 1b • widespread, but esp Atl States, Missip Valley; scattered West
bootpack n • esp common West
borrasca n • West
bosal brand n • West
boss n1 2 • chiefly Nth and West (MAP)
Boston dollar n • West
bottle v 1 • chiefly West
boudin n 1 • West
boulder n • esp wGt Lakes, West (MAP)
bounce v 3 • West
box canyon n • West
box social n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
brand artist n • West
brand blotter n • West
brand burner n • West
breachy adj • chiefly NEng, West
breadroot n 1 • West
break n1 3 • chiefly West
*breaking plow n • widespread, exc Atlantic and West
breed n • scattered, but esp West
breedy adj1 • West
*breezeway n • widespread exc West (MAP)
bridal-wreath n 2 • West
bridlewise adj • chiefly West
brockle-faced adj • chiefly West
brodie n • West
broken-mouthed adj • West
bronco adj • West, esp SW
bronco-buster n • West
*brooder house n • widespread exc West; esp freq N Cent (MAP)
broomtail n 1 • chiefly West
brush popper n • West
buck n1 2d • chiefly West
buck n2 1 • West
buck v1 A1a • chiefly West
buck v1 B5a • chiefly West
buck v1 B5b • chiefly West
buckaroo n • chiefly West, esp Pacific
buckbrush n • esp West
bucket man n • West
bucking season n • West
bucking vbl n1 • West
buckjump v 1 • chiefly West
buck nun n • chiefly West
buck out v phr • West
buck rake n • chiefly West
budget n 3 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
buffalo v • chiefly Inland Nth, West
buffalo bean n • West
buffalo fever n • West
buffalo pea n • West
buffalo wallow n • chiefly West
*buffet n A3 (pronc) • widespread, but infreq in Midl, West
bug-eater n • chiefly West
bullberry n 1 • chiefly West
bulldog v1 • West
bull team n • West
bull train n • West
bullwhack v • West
bullwhacker n • chiefly West
bum’s rush n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
bunch n 2 • West
bunch v1 1 • West
bunchgrass n 1 • esp West
bunch quitter n • West
bunkhouse n • chiefly West (MAP)
bunkmate n • West
*burlap bag n • widespread, but less freq in West (MAP)
burn v B1 • West
burrobrush n • West
bush rabbit n • West
bust v 2 • West
bust v 3 • West
butte n • chiefly West (MAP)
button n B1 • West
button n B2a • chiefly Nth, N Midl and West (MAP)
caballo n • West, esp SW
cabeza n • chiefly West
cack n2 • West
cactus boomer n • West
cafe n • chiefly West, Sth (MAP)
cake doughnut n • widespread, but esp Inland Nth, West
calaboose n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, West (MAP)
camp meat n • chiefly Inland Nth, West (MAP)
camp tender n • chiefly Plains States, West
can n 2 • scattered, but chiefly West (MAP)
canal n B • West
canyon n • chiefly West, scattered Nth (MAP)
cap n1 6 • chiefly West, esp CO
capper n 1 • chiefly West
caramel n (pronc) • in Nth, West
carving vbl n • West
catalog woman n • West
catch colt n • chiefly West, Inland Nth (MAP)
cat’s-breeches n • West, esp Rocky Mts, NW
cavvy n • West, esp Rocky Mts
cayuse n • chiefly West, esp NW
cedar braker n • West
center fire adj • West, chiefly WA to AZ
chain lightning n • chiefly NEast, West
chamber lye n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
chap v1 • West
chaparajos n pl • chiefly West, esp SW
chapping vbl n • West
chaps n pl • West
Charlie Taylor n • West
cheater n 1b • esp Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
cheek v 1 • West
chew it fine v phr • West
Cheyenne leg n • West
Cheyenne saddle n • West
chicken-fried steak n • chiefly West
chic sale(s) n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Midl, West (MAP)
chigaderos n pl • West
Chihuahua n • West
chileno n • West
chili n • West
chili bean n 1 • chiefly Midl, West
chili eater n • chiefly West
chiming bells n • West
*chimney swift n • widespread exc West, Sth (MAP)
Chinee n2 • esp West and Nth
Chinese houses n • West
chintzy adj1 • widespread, but esp Nth, N Midl, West
chip n1 1 • chiefly West
chippy n2 3 • formerly East, Sth; now chiefly Inland Nth and West (MAP)
chokebore britches n • West
choosing match n • West
chop v B4 • West
chopping horse n • West
chore boy n • chiefly Nth, West
chore time n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
chouse v1 2 • West
chuck-a-luck n • esp West, Sth
chuckaway n • West
chuck box n • chiefly West
chuck house n 1 • chiefly West
chuck line n • West
chuck wagon n 1 • chiefly West
chuck wagon n 3 • esp West
churn-head n • West
cig n • esp Nth and West (MAP)
cimarron n • West, esp SW
cinch n1 1 • scattered, but esp West, Nth (MAP)
cinch v 1 • West
cinch binder n • West
circle n 1 • West
circle horse n • West
circle rider n • West
civic cat n • West
clabber n1 1 • chiefly Sth, Midl and West (MAP and Map Section)
cleanup n • West
close-herd v • West
clunk n 1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
cluster lily n • West
coast on the spurs v phr • West
cockleburr n 1 • widespread, but chiefly N Cent,Upper MW, West (MAP)
cock of the plains n • West
coffin nail n 1 • widespread but esp Nth, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
coffin varnish n • chiefly West
coil n1 • West
cold-footed adj • West
collar and hames n • West
color n 1 • West
comb v • West
come v A5a • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
come through v phr 3 • scattered, but chiefly West (MAP)
contact n • chiefly West
coon n1 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
cork elm n 4 • West
corn lily n 3a • West, esp CA
corral n 1 • chiefly West (MAP)
corrugate n, v • West
cotton sedge n • West
coulee n 1d • chiefly West
cousin Jack n • chiefly nMI, scattered West (MAP)
cousin Jenny n • chiefly nMI, scattered West
*coverlet n 1 • widespread, but least freq in West and Atlantic (MAP)
cowberry n 3 • West
cowboy lily n • West
cow camp n • West
cow country n • West
cowpuncher n 1 • chiefly West
cow saddle n • West
cow sense n • West
*cow stable n • widespread exc in West (MAP)
cow town n • chiefly West
coyote n • chiefly West
coyote n B2 • West
coyote n B3 • West
coyote n B4 • West
coyote v • West
coyote house n • West
coyote well n • West
creek n1 (pronc) • esp Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
crib v 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
cribbage n • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
crimanetly intj • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
criminy intj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
cripe intj • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
critter n B2a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
crop n B1 • prob chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
cross-brand v • West
crowbait n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
crowhop n 1 • West
crowhop v 2 • West
crust n B1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
cupola n B1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
curdled ppl adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
curl-leaf n • West
cut n 3 • West
cut v 5 • West
cutback n • West
cutbank n • scattered, but chiefly West
cutout n 1 • West
cutter n1 4 • West
cutthroat trout n • chiefly West
cutting horse n • West
cyclone cellar n • chiefly wGt Lakes, West (MAP)
dab n1 • West
dab v • West
dago red n • chiefly Nth and West (MAP)
daisy n 2b • esp West
dally n • chiefly West
dally v • chiefly West
dally welter n • West
Danish pastry n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
darning needle n 1 • chiefly NEast, Inland Nth, West (MAP)
day-herd n • West
day-herd v • West
deadwood n • chiefly S Midl, West
death camas n • West
deer clover n • West
deerweed n 1 • West
Denver mud n • chiefly West
desert canary n • West
desert rat n • West
dewlap n • chiefly West
diamond hitch n • West
dirt n 2 • chiefly Nth, scattered West (MAP)
ditch rider n • West
divide n • chiefly West
dobe n • chiefly West, esp SW
dobe n 5 • West, esp CA
dock n2 2 • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
dog v 8 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
dogfall n 2 • West
dogfall v • West
dogger n 2 • West
doghouse stirrup n • West
dogie n • West
dog loop n • West
Dog Town n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West
doll baby n 3 • West
double-barrel(ed) adj • West
double-cinch adj • West
double-fire adj • West
double jack n • chiefly West
double-jack v • chiefly West
double-rigged adj • West
double shuffle n 2 • West
dough baby n • chiefly West
dough god n 1 • chiefly West
dough gut n • West
down adj D2 • chiefly Midl, West
downer n • esp West
drag n 3 • West
drag driver n • West
draw n 2a • chiefly West
draw v B2 • esp Nth, West (MAP)
drift n 2 • West
drift v B1 • West
drift v B4 • chiefly West
drift v B5 • West
drift fence n 1 • chiefly West
drive n 1 • chiefly West
driver n 1 • chiefly West
drop band n • chiefly West
dry camp n, v phr • chiefly West
dry gulch v • chiefly West
drylander n • West
duckfoot n 2 • chiefly West
duck on a rock n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
due adj, n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
dugway n • formerly widespread, now esp West
dulce n • chiefly West, esp SW
dust devil n 1 • esp West
eagle bill n • West
ear v • West
ear-head n • West
earmark n • formerly more widespread, now chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
Easter daisy n • West
eat gravel v phr • West
eaves trough n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
eight-up n • West
elk weed n • West
*ell n1 1 • widespread, but most freq NEast, least freq West
elm n B • West
entryway n 1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
Ephraim n • West
express wagon n • chiefly NEng, N Cent, West (MAP)
fag v2 • chiefly West
fairy slipper n • chiefly West
fan v A5c • West
fantail n 3 • West
fanweed n • West
farewell-to-spring n • chiefly West
fat hen n 1 • chiefly West
*faucet n B2 • widespread, but less freq NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
faunch v 1 • chiefly S Midl, West
fence rider n 1 • West
fiador n • West
filaree n • West
fire boss n • Appalachians, West
fish n B3 • esp West
five hundred n 2 • esp West, Gt Lakes (MAP)
flank girth n • West
flapboard n • West
flat n1 1e • chiefly NEast, West (MAP)
flier n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
flour gold n • chiefly West
fodder forker n • West
fofarraw adj • West
fofarraw n 1 • chiefly West
fog v2 • West
fold up v phr 1 • West
foot n C1 • West
foot adz n • chiefly S Midl, West
foot burner n • West
forefoot v • West
forget-me-not n 1b • West
forget-me-not n 1c • West
forget-me-not n 1f • West
fork v 1 • chiefly West
fox fire n 5 • West
foxtail n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, West (MAP)
frau n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
freak n 2 • West
free range n • West
freeway n • widespread, but esp West (MAP)
freighter n 1 • chiefly West
freight team n • West
freight wagon n • chiefly West (MAP)
Frenchy n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
fresno n 2 • chiefly West, Cent
fridge n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
fried mush n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
*frigidaire n • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, PA, West (MAP)
frog walk v phr • West
frontage road n • chiefly West, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
frosting n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
fruit tramp n • West
frypan n • chiefly Atlantic, Inland Sth, West (MAP)
full ear n • West
*funny bone n 1 • widespread, but less common eNEng, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
fussbudget n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
fuzztail n • West
gaff n, v • appar chiefly West
galloping goose n • West
gancho n • chiefly West
gazook n • esp West
German fried potatoes n pl • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
gesundheit intj • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
giant bird’s nest n • West
glacier lily n • West
glassie n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
glim n 2 • esp Nth, West
glory hole n 2 • chiefly West
glowworm n • scattered, but esp Nth, West
gnat’s eyebrow n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
goatweed n 5 • West
goboon n • chiefly Nth, West
go down v phr 1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
gofer match n • esp West
golden banner n • West
goop n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
goose grass n 1f • West
gopher n1 2a • chiefly West, Missip Valley, Gulf States
gopher n1 2b(2) • esp West
gopher snake n 1 • chiefly West, esp CA, AZ (MAP)
gospel sharp n • chiefly West
go under v phr • orig West
grab the apple v phr • West
grama grass n • West
grandma n A1 • chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
grandma n A2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
grandma n A3 • chiefly Midl; also Sth, West (MAP)
grandpa n A2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
grandpa n A3 • chiefly Midl; also Sth, West (MAP)
grape stake n • West, esp CA
grasser n • West
grayback n 2a • scattered, but esp W Midl, West (MAP)
grease v A1 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, West
greasy adj A1 (pronc) • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
greasy-sack n attrib • West
green amaranth n • now esp West
greenbug n 1 • West
greenhead n 4a(1) • esp Sth, West
*groomsman n • widespread exc NEast, West (MAP)
ground squirrel n b • chiefly West, Upper MW
grub line n • West
guinea hen n 1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
gumbo n 6a • chiefly Missip Valley, West (MAP)
gut-hook n • West
gyp n2 • West
hackamore n • chiefly West
hair pants n pl • West
hair twister n • West
hand-me-down adj, n • chiefly N Midl, West
hardhead n 2b • West
hardpan n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
hard-rock n • West, esp Rocky Mts
hardtail n 4 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
hay corral n • chiefly Rocky Mts, West
hayrack n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
haze v • West
headache exclam • chiefly West
headcheese n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
header n 1 • chiefly West, esp CA (MAP)
header barge n • chiefly West
heave v B1 • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
heel v2 • West
heel fly n • chiefly West, esp SW (MAP)
heinie n1 1 • chiefly NEast, West (MAP)
hell-for-breakfast adv • chiefly West
hell-for-leather adv • scattered, but esp West
hell-to-breakfast, from adv phr • chiefly Nth, West
hemp n 2 • esp West
hemp dogbane n • chiefly West
hen skin n • chiefly West
her pron B2 • scattered, but esp West, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
*hey exclam 2 • scattered, but less freq Nth, Atlantic, West (MAP)
high-grade v 1 • chiefly West
highline n 1 • chiefly West
highline n 2 • West
high roller n 1 • chiefly West
hitchrack n • esp West, S Midl
hit the ball v phr 3 • scattered, but esp West (MAP)
hivernant n • esp West
ho v a • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
hogleg n • esp West
hog ranch n • West
hollygrape n • West
hombre n • chiefly West, esp SW
home n B5b • West
honda n • chiefly West
hoodlum wagon n 1 • West
hoodoo n 2 • West
hooley-ann n • West
hoolihan v • West
hopper n 1 • chiefly West, N Cent (MAP)
horn n 2 • West
horn v 2 • West
horned frog n • chiefly West, esp TX
horsemint n 3 • West
hot-cake turner n • chiefly West (MAP)
hot roll n • West
hot shot n 2 • esp West
hubbard squash n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
hull n B3 • esp West
hurricane deck n 1 • West
husk n B2a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
idiot stick n 1a • chiefly West
Indian potato n d • West
Indian side n • West
Irish buggy n • chiefly West (MAP)
irrigate v B • esp West
jacket v • West
jack Mormon n • esp West
jackpot n 1 • esp West
Jackson fork n • West
jag n2 1a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
jerk line n 1 • chiefly West
jerky n2 • scattered, but chiefly West (MAP)
*Jerusalem, going to n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast; infreq West (MAP)
Jewish flag n • esp West
Jew’s harp n B3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Missip Valley, West
jibe v • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
jiggered, I’ll be phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
jimmies n pl1 1 • esp Sth, S Midl, West
jimmyweed n • West
jinglebob n 1 • West
John B n • West
John Chinaman n • chiefly West
Johnson grass n 1 • chiefly Sth, West, W Midl
jug handle n 2 • West
jughead n • chiefly S Midl, West
juice v • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
June grass n 1b • chiefly West
June grass n 1d • West
June rise n • West
kangaroo mouse n 2 • West
kangaroo rat n • West
kaput adj B • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
keeps n pl 1 • scattered, but chiefly West, W Midl (MAP)
kettle n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
kike n • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
king’s crown n • West
kipe v • scattered, but esp West (MAP)
kitty-corner adv, adj 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
knotgrass n 3 • West
kokanee (salmon) n • West, esp AK, NW, Rocky Mts
kyack n2 • West
lagging line n • chiefly West, Gulf States, W Midl, esp sIL (MAP)
lag line n • chiefly West, Missip Valley, sNJ (MAP)
lariat n • chiefly West
lariat v • chiefly West
larkspur n • chiefly West, S Midl (MAP)
larrup n 2 • chiefly West
lash rope n • West
lasso n, v • chiefly West
lass-rope n • West
latigo n • West
layout n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
lazy adj • esp West
*learn v B1 • scattered, but less freq West (MAP)
leather n 1a • West
lemita n • West
leppy n • West
lick n 7 • chiefly West
lightning n1 • scattered, but esp S Midl, West
limb v 1 • chiefly NEng, West
line camp n • West
line rider n • West
linnet n 4 • West, esp CA
lion n • formerly widespread, now chiefly West
lion’s beard n • chiefly West
liverwurst n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
lobelia n B2 • West
lock horns v phr • esp S Midl, West
*lockup n • scattered, but less freq West (MAP)
loco adj • orig chiefly West, now more widespread
loco n1 • chiefly West
loco v • chiefly West
locoweed n • West (MAP)
logy adj 1 • scattered, but more freq Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
long adj B4 • chiefly West
long bit n • West
longear n 1 • chiefly N Cent, West (MAP)
longear n 2 • West
long handles n pl • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
longhorn n 1 • chiefly West
longhorn n 2 • chiefly West
long rider n • West
long rope n • West
long tom n 2 • chiefly West
loose-herd v • West
*lot n 1b(2) • widespread, but less freq N Atl, West (MAP)
low beam n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, C Atl, West (MAP)
lug n1 1 • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
lummox n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
lunger n • chiefly West
macheer n • West
mackerel-snapper n • esp Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
maguey n 2 • West
mahogany n 2b • West
make over v phr • chiefly S Midl; also West (MAP)
makings n • chiefly West
man-at-the-pot n, exclam • West
man-of-the-earth n 2 • West
manroot n 1 • West
manzanita n • West
maple bar n • West (MAP)
maple-leaved mallow n • West
marker n 1 • West
marmot n a • now chiefly West
marrow gut n • chiefly West
marsh muhly n • West
mash v1 1 • widespread, but chiefly Sth, Midl; also West (MAP)
mat muhly n • West
maverick n • chiefly West
maverick v 1 • West
*mayapple n 1 • widespread exc West; less freq NEast, Sth (MAP)
meadow n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
*measuring worm n • widespread exc NEng, West (MAP)
meat-in-the-pot n • esp West
mecate n • chiefly West
*median (strip) n 1e • scattered, but rare Sth, West (MAP)
mesa n 1 • chiefly West, esp SW, CO (MAP)
mesquite grass n • chiefly West
mess box n • chiefly West
mess house n • chiefly West
Mexican adj B1 • chiefly West, esp SW
Mexican bean n 1 • chiefly West (MAP)
mig n • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
milk train n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
mill n1 1 • West
mill v • West
miner’s consumption n • chiefly West, esp CA, NV, CO (MAP)
mission bells n • West, esp CA
Missouri gourd n • West
mitt n 2 • chiefly Nth, Midl, West (MAP)
mochila n • West
mock cucumber n • chiefly West
mopboard n • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
mosshorn n • West, esp TX
mother up v phr • esp West
mountain ash n 2 • West
mountain bluebell n 1 • West
mountain canary n • chiefly West (MAP)
mountain hare n • West, AK
mountain heath n 1 • chiefly West, AK
mountain heather n 2 • chiefly West, AK
mountain jay n 1 • West, esp CA
mountain juniper n • chiefly West, AK
mountain laurel n 4 • West
mountain lilac n • West
mountain lily n 2 • West
mountain lion n • chiefly West (MAP)
mountain mahogany n 2 • West
mountain oak n b • West, esp CA
mountain oyster n • chiefly S Midl, West
mountain pink n 3 • West, esp TX
mountain rat n • West
mountain sucker n • West
mow n1 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
Mrs. n (pronc) • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West
muck n1 2 • chiefly West
muck v • chiefly West
mucker n1 1 • chiefly West
muck stick n • West
mud dauber n 1 • chiefly Midl, West (MAP and Map Section)
mud dauber n 2 • chiefly West
mud hen n 1b • widespread, but more freq Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
mud swallow n • chiefly West; also PA, NY, NJ (MAP)
mud wagon n 1 • chiefly West
mush n2 • esp Nth, West
*mushrat n 1 • widespread exc West (MAP)
*muskmelon n (pronc) • widespread, but less freq Sth, West (MAP)
musk plant n • scattered, but esp West
mustard pickle n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
mutton puncher n • West
nail bar n • scattered, but esp West, Gulf States (MAP)
neck v 1 • chiefly West
necktie party n • chiefly West; also S Midl
needlegrass n 1 • chiefly West
nester n • chiefly West
netting (wire) n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
nib n1 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
nigger fish v phr • scattered, but more freq Inland Nth, West (MAP)
nighthawk n 5 • West
night herd v phr • West
night herder n • West
night horse n • West
nightmare n • West
no-host adj phr • chiefly West
*notch n 2 • scattered, but less freq NEast, West (MAP)
oiled road n • scattered, but chiefly West, NEast (MAP)
old-man’s-beard n 7 • esp West
old-man’s-whiskers n 1 • esp West
old-man’s-whiskers n 3 • West
on prep, adv (pronc) • chiefly Inland Nth, West
one old cat n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
orejana n • West
out adv B1 • West, esp AK
outfit n • chiefly West
outlaw n 1 • formerly chiefly West, now widespread
outrider n • chiefly West
outside man n 1 • West
over adj C • Sth, S Midl, West
oxbow stirrup n • chiefly West
pack v 1 • chiefly West, Missip Valley, sAppalachians (MAP)
packer n 1 • chiefly West
pack rat n • West
paddy n1 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, esp NEast (MAP)
pail v 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
paintbrush n 1 • widespread, but esp West
paintbrush n 3 • West
paint pot n • West
palsy-walsy adj, n • esp Nth, N Midl, West
park n 1 • chiefly West, esp Rocky Mts
parkway n 3 • scattered, but esp Missip-Ohio Valleys, West (MAP)
partida n • West
*passion mark n • scattered, but less freq NEng, Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
peach oak n 2 • West
peavine n 1b(4) • West
peavine n 1b(7) • chiefly West
peck, on the adj phr • chiefly West
peddle v a • chiefly Nth, West, Mid Atl (MAP)
peeler n2 2 • West
penoche n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
pial n, v • West
pick v 6 • West
picket pin n • West
pick up v phr 1 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
piece n 8 • chiefly N Midl, West (MAP)
piece v 1 • chiefly N Midl, West (MAP)
pigging string n • chiefly West
pike v2 1 • chiefly West
pile driver n 2 • West
pilgrim n 1a • esp West
pill n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NCent, Cent, West (MAP)
pimp stick n • esp Nth, West (MAP)
pincushion n 1d • West
pine grass n 1 • West
pine nut n • West
pin grass n 1 • West
pinkets n • West
pinto adj • orig SW; now widespread, but more freq West (MAP)
piss ant n 2 • scattered, but esp West
pitch n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
pitch v 3 • chiefly West
*pith n • widespread, but less freq Nth, West (MAP)
placer n • West
plant v 2 • esp West
*plastered adj • widespread, but less freq W Midl, West (MAP)
playa n • West, esp SW
plunge n • West
pocket n 4 • West, esp CA, NV
*Podunk n 1 • scattered, but less freq C and S Atl, West (MAP)
point n, v B1 • West
point n, v C1 • West
pointer n 1 • esp West
pointer n 2 • West
poison camas n • West
poisonweed n 1 • West
poke n1 1b(1) • scattered, but esp freq West
pollywog n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
pooch n2 • West
poop v, n • widespread, but more freq NEng, NY, Gt Lakes, S Atl, West (MAP)
pop v1 1a • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
*poplar n B1 • widespread, but less freq West
popper n1 • chiefly West
pop-the-whip n • chiefly Sth, Lower Missip Valley, West (MAP)
pottery n1 • scattered, but chiefly West
pour v, n B1a • chiefly Sth, Midl, West (MAP)
povertyweed n c • West
povertyweed n h • West
prairie coal n • West
prairie dog n • chiefly West (MAP)
prairie feathers n pl • West
prairie lily n 2 • West
prat n • esp Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
*preach v • widely scattered, but less freq NEast, West (MAP)
prisoner’s base n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
proboscis n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
proddy adj • esp West
prod, on the adj phr • chiefly West
pull one’s freight v phr 1 • chiefly West
punch v 1 • West
puncher n 2 • West
puncture vine n • West, esp CA (MAP)
pungle v • chiefly West
push broom n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
pusher n 1 • scattered, but esp freq West
push little ducks in the water, mean enough to adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
quadrille n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
quinine bush n • West
quirt n • chiefly West, esp SW
*quit v 1 • widespread, but less freq NEast, West
rabbit brush n • West
rabbit bush n • West
rabbit drive n • West
rag house n • chiefly West
rain gutter n • scattered, but esp West (MAP)
ramrod n • chiefly S Midl, West (MAP)
ranahan n • West
ranch n • chiefly West (MAP)
ranch egg n • West
rancher n • chiefly West
ranch fried potatoes n pl • scattered, but esp West
ranchman n • West
rancho n • West
range, go over the v phr • West
rattlesnake weed n 1g • West
rattleweed n b • West
rattleweed n d • West
rawhide v 2 • chiefly West
red bean n • scattered, but more freq Gulf States, West, Missip-Ohio Valleys (MAP)
red-breasted teal n • chiefly West
red-neck n 4 • chiefly N Midl, West (MAP)
rick v • chiefly W Midl, West (MAP)
ride v1 B2b(1) • chiefly West
ride v1 B2b(2) • West
ride v1 B3a • West
ride v1 B3b • chiefly West
ride v1 B9 • West
riffle n1 • chiefly West, esp CA
riffle, make the v phr • orig chiefly West, esp CA; later more widespread
riley adj 1 • Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
rim-fire n • West
rimrock v • West
ringy adj • chiefly West
rock on the chest n • West
rockrose n 4 • West
rock squirrel n • West, esp TX
rock wall n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
Rocky Mountain bee plant n • West
rodeo n B • orig chiefly West, esp TX; now more widely recognized (MAP)
roller towel n • chiefly Nth, Midl, West
romal n • West
rotten-logging vbl n • West
rough adj 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
rough lock n • chiefly West
rough-lock v 1 • chiefly West
rough string n • West
roundup n • West
rubber boa n • West, esp CA
run v B10 • West
run v B2 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
running iron n • West
runs n pl • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
run sheep run n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
rustle v A1 • formerly chiefly West, now widespread
rustle v A2b • chiefly West
rustle v A3 • formerly chiefly West, now widespread
rustle v B2 • chiefly West
rustler n 3 • formerly West, now widespread
rusty adj1 • West
sabina n2 • West
saddle band n • West
saddle bum n • chiefly West
sage n 2 • chiefly West
sagebrush n 1 • chiefly West (MAP)
sagebrusher n • West
salmonfly n • West
salmon trout n 1c • orig West; now also Gt Lakes
salmon trout n 1d • West, esp AK
salmon trout n 1e • West
salt v • orig West
salt grass n a(3) • West
salt sage n 1 • West
salty adj 2 • West
*salute n • scattered, but more freq NEast, rare West (MAP)
sancho n2 • West
sandburr n 1 • chiefly West, Upper MW, N Cent, C Atl
sand lily n • West
satin grass n • West
sauce n (pronc) • chiefly Inland Nth, N Cent, West |sɑs|
saucedish n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sawbuck n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sawbuck n 2 • West
scallyhoot v • esp West
scarlet bugler n • West
scarlet paintbrush n • West
schnozzle n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
scorpionweed n 2 • chiefly West
scratch v 2 • West
scratch grass n 2 • West
seep n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
semi n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, West (MAP)
serape n • chiefly West, esp SW
*seven-year itch n 1 • scattered, but less freq NEast, West (MAP)
shade v • chiefly West
she-stuff n • West
shock n1 1 • chiefly Midl, Sth, West (MAP)
shoes, throw up one’s v phr • chiefly Nth, West
shoestring potato n • scattered, but esp West, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
short bit n • esp West
shove v 2 • West
show house n • scattered, but esp West, WI (MAP)
sick time n • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
sideways n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
sift v 1 • West
single-fire adj • West
single jack n • West
single-rigged adj • West
sinker n 2b • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
*sitter n • scattered exc NEast, West (MAP)
six-shooter coffee n • West
sizzler n 3 • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
skew- pref d • scattered, but esp freq West (MAP)
skin v B1 • scattered, but somewhat more freq S Midl, West (MAP)
skinner n 1 • chiefly West
sky pilot n 2 • West
sky west and crooked adv phr, adj phr • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
slaunchwise adj, adv • scattered, but chiefly W Midl, West (MAP)
sleeper n 1 • West
sleeper v • West
sleep in v phr • widespread, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
slick n 2 • West
slick-ear n • West
slick saddle n • West
slip n2 1 • esp West (MAP)
slow elk n • West
sluice n • chiefly West, esp CA, AR
smooth mouth n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, West
snail v • West
snake n 1a(1) • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
snake n 3a • scattered, but more freq Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
snake piss n • chiefly West
snaky adj 1 • West
snipe n 8 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
snoozer n • West
snowberry n 1 • esp West
snowshed n • West
snuffy adj • West
so exclam a • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West; also S Atl (MAP)
soak n1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
soapbush n 1 • West
sodbuster n 2 • orig chiefly West, now more widespread
soldier v C • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
son-of-a-bitch in a sack n • West
son-of-a-bitch stew n • West, esp TX (MAP)
*soo exclam a • widely scattered, but rare NEast, C Atl, West (MAP)
sop n 1 • chiefly W Midl, SE, West exc TX (MAP)
sourdough n 1 • orig chiefly West; now widely known (MAP)
souse n1 C4 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
speakeasy n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
spew v 2 • formerly chiefly Sth, S Midl, West; now more widespread (MAP)
spiritual wife n • chiefly West, esp UT
split the blanket(s) v phr • Sth, S Midl, West
split the wind v phr • esp freq Nth, West
spoil v C1 • chiefly West
spoiled adj 1 • chiefly W Midl, Lower Missip Valley, West (MAP)
spotlight v • scattered, but chiefly West, Mid Atl (MAP)
spotted pup n • esp West
sprangletop n 1 • esp West
spread n 2 • chiefly West
spreader dam n • chiefly West
squaw hitch n 1 • West
squeezer n • West
squeeze the apple v phr • West
stage n • esp Nth, West
stamp iron n • West
statues n pl 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
step across v phr • chiefly West
*stick v 1 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
stoneboat n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
straight pen n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
stray man n • West
string n B1 • West
string n B2 • West
stub camp n • West
stuff n • West
sugan n 2 • chiefly West, esp Rocky Mts, SW (MAP)
sugar foot n 1 • esp Sth, West
sulky plow n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
summer wood n • chiefly Nth, West
sunfish v • West
*superhighway n • widespread exc West (MAP)
surface coal n • West
swamp blueberry n b • AK, West
swamp cooler n • chiefly West, esp SW
*swamp iris n • widespread exc West
swamper n 3 • chiefly West
swamper n 4 • scattered, but esp West
swap ends v phr 2a • Sth, West
swather n • chiefly Upper MW, West (MAP)
sweet corn n • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl; also West (MAP)
sweet pea n 2b • widespread, but more freq West
*sweet pepper n 1 • widespread, but less freq West (MAP)
sweet sage n • West
swing n 2 • West
*tadpole n 1 • widespread, but somewhat less freq N Atl, West (MAP)
tag-tail n • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
tail v1 1 • West, esp TX
tail v1 5 • chiefly West
tail rider n • chiefly West
take up v phr 2 • esp Midl, West
tallboy n 1 • chiefly Sth, West
tamarack n 1 • chiefly Nth, West
tapadero n • esp West
*tar n1 B1 • widespread, but infreq NEng, West (MAP)
tarantula juice n • West
taw line n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
teeter-totter n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, Missip-Ohio Valleys, West (MAP)
tenderfoot n • chiefly West
ten-gallon hat n • orig chiefly West; now widely recognized
tennie n • scattered, but chiefly wGt Lakes, IA, West exc NW (MAP)
tennie-runner n • scattered, but chiefly West, esp NW
think box n • chiefly West
throat dog n • West
throwback n • West
thumb v • West
thunder egg n • chiefly West, esp OR
thunder mug n • widespread, but chiefly NEast, Upper Missip Valley, West (MAP)
tie-down n • chiefly West
timber wolf n 1 • chiefly Nth, West
toad n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
tobaccoroot n • West
*tobacco spitter n • scattered, but less freq N Atl, Gulf States, West (MAP)
tom n1 1 • chiefly West
tommyknocker n • chiefly West
top v 3 • West
toper n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
top screw n • West
trade rat n • West
trail v 2 • chiefly West
transport n • chiefly Missip Valley, West, Gulf States, Gt Lakes, Upstate NY (MAP)
tug n 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Missip Valley, West (MAP and Map Section)
tumbleweed n • chiefly West
tuna n1 • West, esp TX, CA
twist n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
twister n 4 • West
two-step n • esp N Cent, West (MAP)
*umbrella n A2b (pronc) • widespread, but less freq Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
under ditch adj phr, adv phr • chiefly West
unsight unseen adv phr, adj phr • chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
unwind v • West
vamoose v 2 • West
vamos v 1 • chiefly West, esp TX
velvetweed n 2 • West
vent n • West
vent v1 • West
vinegar fly n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, West (MAP)
vino n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, esp CA
W n • West
waddy n 1a • West
waken v • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
walk down v phr • West
walking ppl adj • West
wallet n 2 • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent; also Sth, West (MAP)
war bag n • scattered, but chiefly West
war whoop n • chiefly West
washateria n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, West, esp TX, LA
water camp n • West
water gap n 3 • Sth, West
watermaster n • West
water skeeter n • chiefly West
water witch n 4 • scattered, but chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, West (MAP)
water witch v phr • scattered, but chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, West (MAP)
wattle n2 • West, esp Rocky Mts (MAP)
web n • esp West
weedy adj • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West (MAP)
wet adj 2 • chiefly Sth, West (MAP)
whacker n • esp West
white mule n • scattered, but esp freq Midl, West (MAP)
wickiup n • chiefly West
wide place in the road n • chiefly Midl, Sth, West (MAP)
widow-maker n 2 • scattered, but esp West
*wiener n • widespread, but less freq Atlantic, West (MAP)
wienie n • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, N Cent, West (MAP)
wild bean n 1f • West, esp MT
wild candytuft n 1 • West
wild daisy n 2a(1) • chiefly West
wild hay n • widespread, but more freq Upper MW, West (MAP)
wild lettuce n 6 • West
wild onion n 2b • West
willow fly n 2 • West, esp CO (MAP)
windy n • esp West
wiretail n • West
woody adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West (MAP)
woollies n pl1 2 • West
woolly n1 1 • esp West
wool tromper n • West
wrangatang n • West
wrangle v • West
wrangle horse n • West
wrangler n • West
wrango n • West
wreck pan n • West
wring-tail n • West
yap n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, West (MAP)
yonder n Db • chiefly Sth, S Midl, West
your guys'(s) adj phr, pron • chiefly Nth, West
zori n • esp HI, West
zulu car n • West
West Africa(n) See Africa(n), West
man n C2 • [..also characteristic of West Indian Creoles..]
pickaninny n • [W Afr and W Indian Creoles, of Span or Port origin; OED2 1657 ➝]
Andy-over n, exclam • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
belly-buster n, adv 1 • chiefly W Midl, Rocky Mts, NW (MAP)
belly-buster n, adv 2 • chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent (MAP and Map Section)
blaze-face n 1 • chiefly Sth, W Midl
blind tiger n 1 • chiefly Sth, W Midl (MAP and Map Section)
blinky adj 1a • chiefly W Midl, Plains States, SW (MAP)
bottom n 1a • chiefly Sth, W Midl (MAP)
box supper n • chiefly W Midl, TX (MAP)
buck ague n 1 • chiefly W Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
buddy v • chiefly W Midl, Sth
bug n1 14e • W Midl, Sth
careless weed n 1 • chiefly W Midl, SW (MAP)
chalk n1 • chiefly Gulf States, scattered W Midl (MAP)
change off v phr • chiefly W Midl, Missip Valley
chank v • chiefly W Midl, NEast
chicken fixings n pl 1 • formerly W Midl
clamp v1 • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
cone n 1 • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
country n B2a • scattered, but chiefly W Midl (MAP)
cowcumber n • scattered, but esp W Midl, LA (MAP)
crawfish v 2 • chiefly Sth, W Midl, Pacific NW (MAP)
crib n1 1 • chiefly W Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
*finagle v A • widespread, but less freq W Midl (MAP)
French harp n 1 • chiefly W Midl, TX, Cent (MAP)
*frying pan n 1 • widespread exc W Midl (MAP)
grayback n 2a • scattered, but esp W Midl, West (MAP)
hedge apple n • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
*high beam n 2 • widespread, but less freq Sth, W Midl (MAP)
Johnson grass n 1 • chiefly Sth, West, W Midl
keeps n pl 1 • scattered, but chiefly West, W Midl (MAP)
knuck n1 2a • esp W Midl (MAP)
lagging line n • chiefly West, Gulf States, W Midl, esp sIL (MAP)
larruping adj 1 • esp W Midl, TX, OK (MAP)
live in adultery v phr • scattered, but chiefly W Midl, S Atl (MAP)
mango n 2 • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
*mouth harp n 1 • scattered, but less freq NEast, W Midl (MAP and Map Section)
oats n pl 1 • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
pallet n • chiefly Sth, W Midl, SW (MAP)
pie supper n • chiefly W Midl (MAP)
*pit n2 1a • widespread, but somewhat less freq Mid and S Atl, W Midl (MAP)
*plastered adj • widespread, but less freq W Midl, West (MAP)
play-party n • chiefly W Midl, TX (MAP)
poison sumac n • chiefly NEast, N Cent, W Midl (MAP)
polish up v phr • scattered, but esp Inland Sth, W Midl; also NEast (MAP)
rather n • chiefly Sth, W Midl (MAP)
rick v • chiefly W Midl, West (MAP)
roost n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, SC, TX, W Midl, esp IN (MAP)
salt-rising n • scattered, but more freq W Midl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
shovel plow n • scattered, but chiefly W Midl (MAP)
slaunchwise adj, adv • scattered, but chiefly W Midl, West (MAP)
sop n 1 • chiefly W Midl, SE, West exc TX (MAP)
sop n 3 • esp Inland Nth, W Midl (MAP)
spoiled adj 1 • chiefly W Midl, Lower Missip Valley, West (MAP)
sticktight n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Inland Nth, W Midl (MAP)
*string bean n • widespread, but somewhat less freq W Midl (MAP)
toot v, n3 • chiefly N Cent, W Midl, Gulf States (MAP)
trotline n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, W Midl, Cent, TX, SC (MAP)
tush n C1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent, TX; scattered NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
wheel n 2 • scattered, but esp W Midl, SW (MAP)
wood tick n 1 • scattered, but esp freq Nth, N Midl, Rocky Mts, Pacific; also W Midl (MAP)
woolly worm n • scattered, but chiefly W Midl, Missip-Ohio Valleys, TX (MAP)
west of Mississippi River See Mississippi River, west of
ackempucky n • WV
arch n 4 • MD, VA, WV
belling vbl n2 • now chiefly wPA, WV, OH, IN, MI (MAP)
berm n 3 • chiefly PA, OH, IN, WV (MAP)
blister pine n • esp WV
*bundle n B1 • widespread exc wMD, sPA, WV (MAP)
cracky wagon n • esp PA, WV
farmer match n • chiefly Upper MW, Gt Lakes, NY, WV (MAP)
F.D.R. n • WV
filth n • sAppalachians, esp WV
gravy n 2 • scattered, but more freq Nth, N Midl, WV (MAP)
hanover n 1 • esp WV, VA, MD
hobby n 1 • chiefly eKY, seOH, sWV
hope to my die, I exclam • WV, KY
jassack n • scattered, but esp WV (MAP)
jim v 1 • esp WV
last-go-trade n • chiefly Mid and S Atl, WV (MAP)
lather down, keep one’s v phr • esp WV (MAP)
piece meal n • esp NC, VA, WV, Ohio Valley
post-and-rail fence n • chiefly NJ, Delmarva, WV, KY, OH, scattered NEng (MAP)
red dog n • chiefly wPA, WV, OH (MAP)
ribey adj • sAppalachians, esp WV
Robin Hood’s barn, go (all the way) around v phr • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, C Atl, WV (MAP)
route n A2 • scattered, but chiefly IL, OH, wPA, WV, MD (MAP)
route n B1 • chiefly NEast, WV, OH, IL, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
run n 1a • scattered, but chiefly wPA, OH, WV, MD (MAP)
sheaf n • widespread, but esp PA, MD, WV, OH (MAP)
shellbark hickory n • esp NJ, PA, WV, N Cent (MAP)
shouting Methodist n • scattered, but esp C Atl, PA, OH, WV (MAP)
skillpot n • esp DC, MD, VA, WV (MAP)
skitters n • chiefly PA, MD, WV, OH (MAP)
slicky slide n • chiefly S Midl, esp WV
smearcase n • chiefly N Midl, esp PA, OH, MD, WV (MAP)
snuff rubber n • esp DE, MD, PA, WV (MAP)
stove v2 4 • esp wPA, OH, WV
sugar camp n • chiefly N Cent, WV, wPA (MAP)
Sweet Lucy n 1 • chiefly WV, Ohio Valley, wGulf States (MAP)
table n • esp WV, VA (MAP)
timber fly n • esp WV (MAP)
to prep B6 • chiefly WV
tournament n B • MD, VA, WV
turnplow n • chiefly S Atl, Gulf States, WV (MAP)
two-dollar stove, smoke like a v phr • esp WV
water maple n c • esp KY, WV
whinny n, v 1 • chiefly Nth, sNJ, WV (MAP)
X's-and-O's n • esp N Cent, PA, WV (MAP)
yellow linn n • chiefly WV
yew pine n 1 • chiefly WV
< a name="White">White
badmouth v • esp among Black and young White speakers
be v B1f • esp freq among Blacks; occas among Whites in the Sth
fact n, v A1 • Note: Among Black and some White speakers, this may be of independent formation rather than Scots origin.
faggot n • Faggot is more freq among Blacks, fag among Whites
nigger n1 B1a • Used in a depreciatory sense by White speakers
nigger n1 B1c • Used in a relatively neutral or affectionate sense by White speakers
baga n • chiefly MI, WI, MN (MAP)
Berliner n • esp WI
biffy n • chiefly Upper MW and WI (MAP)
bluff n1 b • chiefly ND, WI
booya n • MI, WI, MN
borrows exclam • esp MI, WI, MN
brat n2 • esp WI
bratwurst n • Ger settlement areas, esp WI
bubbler n 2 • Nth, N Midl; esp freq in WI
bug n1 6 • scattered, but esp MI, WI
captain may I n • WI
cat and mouse n 1 • chiefly Upper MW, WI, Cent (MAP)
cherry soup n • esp WI
Chicago n B2 • WI, MN, ND
Chicago fire n • WI
chocolate mouse n • esp WI
Christmas fool n • WI, MN, ND, areas of Norw settlement
cisco fly n • WI
cluck v • Nth, esp PA, WI, Upper MW
copperhead snake n 2 • chiefly WI, MI
coulee n 1c • chiefly WI, MN, MT, ND, WY
court whist n • WI
*covered-dish meal n • widespread exc Pacific, Upper MW, WI, MI (MAP)
cry-eye exclam • esp MI, WI
czarnina n • Pol settlement areas, esp WI
eye stitcher n • WI
fall downstairs v phr • chiefly WI
fattigmanns bakkels n • chiefly in Scan settlement areas, esp MN, WI
fifty n • IL, MI, WI
fire snake n • WI
flowage n • esp WI
fox farm, ready for the adj phr • chiefly WI
German potato salad n • chiefly Gt Lakes, N Cent, esp WI (MAP)
ghost pipe n 1 • esp WI
golden birthday n • esp WI
Green Bay fly n • chiefly WI, neMI
halt’s maul v phr • WI
hand cheese n • chiefly German settlement areas, esp WI
heinie n1 2 • esp MN, WI
hodag n2 • chiefly WI, MI, MN
hornet n • csWI
hot dish n 1 • esp MI, WI, MN, ND (MAP)
inso interrog exclam • WI
ish intj • esp MN, WI
ishy adj • esp MN, WI
jackpine savage n • esp MN, WI
julebukk n • WI, MN, ND in Norw settlement areas
jumper n 12 • esp WI
Juneberry n 1 • chiefly MI, MN, WI; also PA (MAP)
kermis(s) n • chiefly ceWI
Kilby n • csWI, in Swiss settlement area
kittenball n • IA, MN, WI
kolacky n • chiefly WI, Upper MW (MAP)
kram n • esp WI
kram v • esp WI
kringle n • Scan settlement areas, esp WI
krumkake n • chiefly MN, WI
lannon stone n • WI
lawyer n B4 • esp MI, MN, WI (MAP)
leeky adj • MI, WI
lefse n • Norw settlement areas, esp MN, WI
limpa n • chiefly IL, MN, ND, WI
little n C2 • Ger settlement areas, esp PA, WI
lutefisk n • chiefly Upper MW, WI, nwIL (MAP)
maybell n 1 • esp WI
menominee n • chiefly MI, MN, WI
minnow n B2e • esp MN, WI
mousie n 1 • esp WI, MN
noodle v2 • WI
Norski n • chiefly MI, WI, Upper MW, Pacific NW (MAP)
northern n 1 • chiefly MN, WI (MAP)
Norway pine n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp MI, WI, MN (MAP)
oak opening n • chiefly wGt Lakes, esp WI, MI
paczki n • in Polish settlement areas, esp MI, WI
pannicake n • chiefly Nth, esp NY, WI
parky n2 • NYC, IL, WI
pen barn n • MI, WI
picnic n • WI
pin cherry n 1 • Nth, esp MI, MN, WI (MAP)
pine snake n 2 • esp MI, WI
poig exclam (pronc) • esp WI |pɔɪk, puik| (MAP)
poig exclam • scattered, but esp WI, MI, MN (MAP)
primost n • esp WI, MN
red-hot poker n 2 • WI
rock rattlesnake n a • WI
rommegrot n • esp MN, WI
rosette n • chiefly WI, MN
rumpelkammer n • esp WI
sandbakkels n • MN, WI
sand violet n • esp NEng, WI
sauerkraut n 3 • esp WI
schafskopf n • chiefly WI (MAP)
schlacht n • esp WI
schnittlauch n • esp WI
sewing needle n • esp MI, WI, MN, MA (MAP and Map Section)
sheepshead n 5 • chiefly WI (MAP)
shine n 3 • esp MI, WI
shine v • scattered, but chiefly MI, WI, MN (MAP)
show house n • scattered, but esp West, WI (MAP)
skew- pref b • chiefly Nth, esp NY, MI, WI (MAP)
sleigh n 1 • chiefly Inland Nth, esp MI, WI, MN (MAP)
slippery jim n • chiefly WI (MAP)
sliver cat n • esp WI
slobberhannes n • esp WI
slusher n • esp WI
smear n 2 • chiefly MI, WI, MN (MAP)
snake n 7 • esp WI
snit n • chiefly wGt Lakes, esp WI
snoose n1 • chiefly Pacific NW, Rocky Mts, Upper MW, WI (MAP)
sorry adj (pronc) • esp MN, WI |ˈsori|
spanferkel n • in German settlement areas, esp WI
squad car n • scattered, but esp IL, WI (MAP)
squeaky cheese n • chiefly Nth, esp WI
starlight, moonlight n • Upper MW, WI
start v 2 • WI
storm windows n pl • esp Upper MW, WI
suelze n • chiefly Ger settlement areas, esp WI
supper club n • chiefly Gt Lakes, esp WI
swamp auger n 2 • esp WI
swamp hook n • chiefly Nth, esp MI, WI
sweet soup n • WI, Upper MW
tavern belly n • esp WI
then adv B • esp MN, WI
tote v A2b • Nth, esp ME, WI
travoy n • esp MI, WI
travoy v • MI, WI
tree bank n • esp IL, WI
tree border n • WI, CT
tree terrace n • esp WI
trippe n • chiefly ceWI
trunk n 2 • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, esp WI (MAP)
trustee n • IL, IA, OH, WI
uff-da exclam, n • orig in Norw settlement areas, esp MN, WI
wapatuli n • orig chiefly WI, MN; now more widespread
Washington poke n • chiefly MN, WI
whoopensocker n • chiefly WI
winter potato n • WI
woodchuck case n • WI, MN
ya hey intj • esp WI, MI, MN
Sambo n1 • [From a personal name of Afr origin; cf Wolof Samb(a)..]
women; also female
agree to disagree v phr 2 • esp freq among women, joc
aunt n B5 • euphem, esp among female speakers
brat n1 • esp among women
buck n1 2e • somewhat old-fash; esp among women
curse, the n • esp common among women, young and mid-aged speakers, and coll educ speakers
drat v • esp among educ speakers and women; euphem
fall n 4 • chiefly among young, well-educ, urban women
finger towel n • chiefly among women
fudge intj • esp freq among women
icky adj • esp freq among young and mid-aged speakers and among women (MAP)
kitty n 3 • esp freq among women (MAP)
law n2, intj • esp freq among women
mother dear n • chiefly among women (MAP)
Ph.D., get one’s v phr • esp freq among women
pillow sham n • esp freq among women
poach v A1 (pronc) • esp freq..among women (MAP)
powder room n • somewhat more freq among women (MAP)
rent n2 • esp freq among women
suz intj • esp freq among women
togs n pl • somewhat old-fash; esp freq among women
upchuck v • esp freq among mid-aged and younger speakers, among coll educ speakers, and among women
buck fence n • now esp CO, WY
coulee n 1c • chiefly WI, MN, MT, ND, WY
dout v • chiefly UT, WY
hunyak n 2 • MT, ND, SD, WY
Y
already adv B2 • [Calque: ult from Ger schon as transmitted independently by PaGer schun and Yidd shoyn]
alter kocker n • [Yidd, ult from Ger alter old + kocker excrement]
bubbe n • [Yiddish]
bubbe-mayse n • [Yiddish]
bubeleh n • [Yiddish..]
dairy n 2b • [Translation of Yiddish milkhiks n..]
doppes(s) n • [Perh var of Yiddish tipesh a fool]
dreck n • [Yiddish drek, Ger Dreck excrement, filth, dregs]
dreidel n • [Yiddish dreidl < Ger drehen to turn]
enjoy v B2 • [Prob infl by Yiddish syntax..]
eppes pron, n, adj, adv • [..eastern Yiddish form is epes..]
farblonjet adj • [Yiddish farblondzhen to lose one’s way, get lost, go astray]
farchadet adj • [Yiddish fartshadet]
farmisht adj • [Yiddish]
farputst adj • [Yiddish]
faygeleh n • [Yiddish foygl bird, faygele little bird; perh infl by fag n]
flanken n • [Prob Yiddish flanken sides or flanks of beef]
fress v • PaGer area and areas of Yiddish infl
fresser n • PaGer area and areas of Yiddish infl
from prep B10 • [Prob Yiddish..]
golumpki n pl • [..cf..Yiddish holep..]
hazarae n • [Yiddish khazeray junk, trash]
holishkes n pl • [Yiddish]
I should worry phr • [Prob ult from a Yiddish phr]
kishke n • [Yiddish, ult of Slavic origin..]
klutz n • [Yiddish, cognate with Ger Klotz..]
krex v • [..Yiddish krekhts(e)n..]
kuchen n • [Ger, Yiddish Kuchen cake..] (MAP)
kugel n • [Yiddish]
kvetch v • [Yiddish kvetchen]
latke n • [Yiddish]
mocky n1 • [Prob Yiddish makeh a boil, sore, plague]
Molly Putz n • [..cf also Yiddish putz a fool, objectionable person]
nebbish n • [Yiddish]
nosh n • [Yiddish nash a snack]
nosh v • [..also Yiddish nashn, nasher..]
noshery n • [..perh infl by Yiddish nasherei snacks]
phumpher v • [Yiddish fonfen]
plotz v • [..Yiddish platsn to burst]
prakes n pl • [Yiddish]
putz v • [..cf also Yiddish putz..] (MAP)
schlepp v • [Yiddish shlepn to drag]
schnozzle n • [.. prob pseudo-Yiddish alter of nose or nozzle] (MAP)
stand up v phr • [Calque of..Yiddish oyfshteyn]
Yid n • [..< Yiddish Yid Jew] (MAP)
Yiddish adj • [Yiddish yid(d)ish Jewish]
mahala n • [Yokuts mokel women]
cala n1 • [..Yoruba, Igbo, Efik ákárá an oily cake..]
young; younger
Afro n • esp among young Black speakers (Map Section)
all-nighter n 2 • among young speakers
all she wrote, that’s phr • gaining currency esp among younger speakers
badmouth v • esp among Black and young White speakers
barf v, n • esp among young speakers
beat adj • esp among young, urban, and Black speakers
bitch v • esp among young and mid-aged speakers and among males
blast n 3 • chiefly among younger, educ speakers; casual
blast n 4 • chiefly among younger, educ speakers; casual
blasted adj, adv • esp common among younger speakers
blindman’s buff n b • esp common among younger speakers
boob n • esp among young and coll educ speakers
boondock n • orig military slang, now widespread, esp among urban, young and mid-aged speakers
borrow v B1 • esp among young speakers and speakers with grade school educ
boulder n • esp among young speakers
brownie n1 3 • esp among young and coll educ speakers
brownie v • esp among young and coll educ speakers
brownnose n • chiefly among young and mid-aged speakers
brownnose v • orig among speakers in the military; now widespread but chiefly among young and mid-aged speakers
buck n1 3b • widely used but esp freq among young and middle-aged Infs
bug v 4 • earlier chiefly among young speakers, now widespread
cancer stick n • esp among young speakers
chew out v phr • esp among younger speakers
chick n • esp among young speakers and among Black speakers; sometimes derog
chug v 3 • esp among younger speakers
clod n 2a • esp among younger speakers
clod n 2b • esp among younger speakers
cool n 1 • earlier esp among young, coll educ, and Black speakers, now more widely used
cool it v phr 1 • formerly esp among young, coll educ, and Black speakers; now more widespread
crack up v phr • esp among young, urban, coll educ, and Black speakers
curse, the n • esp common among women, young and mid-aged speakers, and coll educ speakers
dig v2 2 • chiefly among young and mid-aged speakers; esp freq among Black speakers; esp freq in urban comms
dodo n1 1 • esp among young speakers
doozy n • esp freq among young and mid-aged speakers
down below adv phr 2 • euphem; esp freq among younger speakers
drag n 13a • esp freq among Blacks and among young and mid-aged speakers
drag n 14 • esp freq among Black speakers and among young and mid-aged speakers
drink like a fish v phr • esp among young and mid-aged speakers and among well educ speakers
faggot n • used..chiefly by young speakers, most freq by well educ urban males
fall n 4 • chiefly among young, well-educ, urban women
farmer n 1 • somewhat more freq among younger speakers and coll educ speakers; derog (MAP)
fart n • esp among young and mid-aged speakers
filthy adv • esp common among mid-aged and young speakers
finagle v A • esp freq among young and mid-aged speakers (MAP)
fly n2 2 • esp among younger speakers (MAP)
goose bumps n pl 1 • somewhat more freq among younger speakers
icky adj • esp freq among young and mid-aged speakers and among women (MAP)
klutz n • esp freq among young speakers
moly, holy exclam • esp freq among young speakers
p.g. adj • esp freq among mid-aged and young speakers (MAP)
shimmy v • esp freq among younger speakers
sneak v 2a • esp freq among younger speakers
tight adj • orig esp freq among Black speakers, young speakers, and male speakers; now more widespread
upchuck v • esp freq among mid-aged and younger speakers, among coll educ speakers, and among women
you guys pron • esp freq among younger speakers
mukluk n • [Yupik maklak bearded seal]